CN109222917B - Pulse wave sensor, sensor array and pulse wave measuring method - Google Patents
Pulse wave sensor, sensor array and pulse wave measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109222917B CN109222917B CN201710558702.5A CN201710558702A CN109222917B CN 109222917 B CN109222917 B CN 109222917B CN 201710558702 A CN201710558702 A CN 201710558702A CN 109222917 B CN109222917 B CN 109222917B
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/02—Details of sensors specially adapted for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/0247—Pressure sensors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/16—Details of sensor housings or probes; Details of structural supports for sensors
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Abstract
A pulse wave sensor, a sensor array and a pulse wave measuring method are provided. The pulse wave sensor comprises a flexible piezoelectric sensor and a static pressure sensor, wherein the flexible piezoelectric sensor is used for sensing pulse waves; the static pressure sensor is used for measuring the static pressure applied on the pulse wave sensor. The sensor of the invention separately measures static pressure signals and dynamic pulse wave pressure signals, utilizes the piezoelectric film to measure dynamic pressure fluctuation, and the piezoresistive sensor measures static pressure, so that the dynamic sensitivity is not influenced by the static pressure range, and the sensor can keep high sensitivity to pulse waves under the wide-range static pressure; the sensor adopts the flexible framework, so that the formed array can meet the wrist characteristics of different people and realize good fit on the surface of the arm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of noninvasive detection of human health states, and particularly relates to a device for collecting radial pulse waves, in particular to a pulse wave sensor, a sensor array and a pulse wave measuring method.
Background
The pulse waveform can reflect the health degree of human body and various diseases. Pulse wave measurement methods are classified into invasive and non-invasive. The invasive pulse wave measuring method causes great harm to patients, and the noninvasive pulse wave measuring method has little harm to patients, such as pressure sensors, ultrasonic sensors, photoelectric sensors and the like. These sensors can all perform non-invasive measurements of the pulse wave. However, the currently mainstream method for measuring pulse waves is still to measure pulse waves by a pressure sensor. Some devices utilize a film piezoresistive pressure sensor to acquire pulse at multiple points of the wrist, some devices adopt a strain gauge as a pulse wave sensor, and some devices adopt an MEMS piezoresistive sensor to detect pulse. The dynamic range of the sensor is limited by the material, the sensitivity is limited by the range, and under the same power supply and sensitivity, the larger the force measuring range is, the lower the resolution ratio of the force is, and the lower the output voltage is. The subsequent amplifying circuit is only used for amplifying, and the voltage output is easy to saturate under the condition of overhigh amplification factor and large pressure. In addition, extracting the dynamic pulse wave from the static pressure increases the complexity of the subsequent processing circuit and algorithm.
The pressure sensor of the pure piezoelectric principle cannot measure the static pressure although it has a high sensitivity and an output amplitude that is not affected by the static pressure. Therefore, the two sensors are used independently for pulse wave measurement, and the physical condition of the tested person cannot be reflected effectively. If one wants to reflect the type of disease by pulse waves, one must acquire pulse waves at a wide range of static pressures. The sensitivity of current piezoresistive sensors is determined by the span of applied force. Therefore, the measuring range of the small-range pressure sensor can not meet the testing requirement, the resolving power of the output voltage of the large-range sensor to the force is low, and the pulse wave with morphological significance can not be output under low pressure.
In addition, the existing sensor array has two problems, one is that the sensor array cannot meet the problem of fitting of arm shapes of different people, and the poor fitting degree of the array cannot guarantee the fidelity of pulse wave acquisition; another problem is the mutual interference between sensors caused by the deformation of the sensors, which can cause the mutual superposition of the pulse waves collected by the adjacent sensors and influence the accuracy of the pulse waves.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a pulse wave sensor that can measure a large static pressure, maintain high sensitivity and a wide dynamic measurement range, and form a sensor that can reduce interference between sensors and can be attached to an arm.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore one of the objectives of the claimed invention to provide a pulse wave sensor, a sensor array and a pulse wave measuring device using the same to solve at least one of the above problems.
In order to achieve the above object, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pulse wave sensor including a static pressure sensor and a flexible piezoelectric sensor, characterized in that:
the flexible piezoelectric sensor is used for sensing pulse waves and generating an electric signal;
the static pressure sensor is used for sensing the static pressure applied on the pulse wave sensor.
As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a pulse wave sensor array, comprising an elastic buffer material and a plurality of pulse wave sensors as described above, wherein the plurality of pulse wave sensors are distributed on the elastic buffer material at certain intervals.
As still another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a pulse wave measuring method characterized by including the steps of:
sensing pulse waves and generating electric signals through a flexible piezoelectric sensor;
the static pressure applied to the pulse wave sensor is sensed by the static pressure sensor at a large pressure range.
Based on the technical scheme, the pulse wave sensor has the following beneficial effects: the sensor solves the problem that a pulse wave acquisition device in the prior art cannot accurately and comprehensively reflect pulse condition information of a human body, the measuring range and the sensitivity of the traditional piezoresistive sensor are inversely proportional, the pulse wave sensor needs to capture weak pulse signals in a large measuring range, the sensitivity of the traditional piezoresistive sensor in the large measuring range is lower, the sensor of the invention separately measures static pressure signals and dynamic pulse wave pressure signals, utilizes a piezoelectric film to measure dynamic pressure fluctuation, and the piezoresistive sensor measures static pressure, so that the dynamic sensitivity is not influenced by the measuring range of the static pressure, and the high sensitivity of the piezoresistive sensor can be kept for pulse waves in the wide range of the static pressure; the sensor provided by the invention adopts the framework in the shape of the strip-shaped curved surface and the elastic buffer material as supports, so that the formed array can meet the wrist characteristics of different people and realize good attachment to the arm surface.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pulse wave sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a pulse wave sensor array structure according to the present invention;
FIGS. 3A-3C are schematic views of the relationship between the concave space on the sensor frame and the flexible membrane of the flexible piezoelectric sensor, respectively, in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the pulse wave measuring device and the radial artery;
fig. 5 is a front view showing the positional relationship between the pulse wave sensor array structure of the present invention and the radial artery.
In the above figures, the reference numerals have the following meanings:
1. sensor framework
2. Flexible piezoelectric sensor 3, contact of flexible piezoelectric sensor
4. Static pressure sensor 5, contact of static pressure sensor
6. Sensor unit
6-1, first sensor Unit
6-2, second sensor Unit
6-3, third sensor Unit
6-4, fourth sensor Unit
6-5, fifth sensor Unit
7. Elastic cushioning material
8. Space of downward concave
9. Pressure device
10. Radial artery 11, radius
12. Skin(s)
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
The invention aims to solve the problem that the pulse wave acquisition device in the prior art cannot accurately and comprehensively reflect the pulse condition information of a human body. The measurement range and the sensitivity of the traditional piezoresistive sensor are inversely proportional, the pulse wave sensor needs to capture weak pulse signals in a wide range, and the traditional piezoresistive sensor has lower sensitivity in the wide range. In order to solve the problem, the static pressure signal and the dynamic pulse wave pressure signal are measured separately, the piezoelectric film is used for measuring dynamic pressure fluctuation, and the piezoresistive sensor is used for measuring the static pressure, so that the sensitivity of the piezoelectric film sensor is improved, the pulse wave signal is clearer, and the static pressure is accurately measured in a large pressure range.
In addition, the invention provides a structure which can reduce mutual interference among sensors and adapt to arms of different crowds aiming at the problem of mutual influence of sensor states and the problem of arm attachment in the existing sensor array.
Specifically, as one aspect of the present invention, there is disclosed a pulse wave sensor comprising a flexible piezoelectric sensor and a static pressure sensor, wherein:
the flexible piezoelectric sensor is used for sensing pulse waves;
the static pressure sensor is used for measuring the static pressure applied on the pulse wave sensor.
The static pressure sensor may be a piezoresistive sensor, including, but not limited to, a MEMS sensor, a piezoresistive membrane sensor, a strain gauge sensor, among others.
The flexible piezoelectric sensor is a piezoelectric pressure sensor, and the piezoelectric material includes but is not limited to PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PZT (lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic), BaTiO (barium titanate piezoelectric ceramic)3And the like.
The flexible piezoelectric sensor is provided with a contact, one side of the contact is connected with skin to be detected and used for being attached to the surface of an arm and conducting pulse waves to be detected, and the other side of the contact is connected with or contacted with a detection unit of the flexible piezoelectric sensor and used for conducting the pulse waves to be detected to the detection unit of the flexible piezoelectric sensor.
The static pressure sensor is also provided with a contact, and the contact of the static pressure sensor is used for transmitting the borne static pressure to the detection unit of the static pressure sensor.
The contact points of the two sensors are made of materials including but not limited to silica gel, foam, sponge and the like, and the Shore hardness A of the contact points is 1-80 degrees, for example.
As another aspect of the invention, the invention also discloses a pulse wave sensor array, which comprises an elastic buffer material and a plurality of pulse wave sensors, wherein the pulse wave sensors are distributed on the elastic buffer material at certain intervals.
The elastic buffer material includes, but is not limited to, polyurethane sponge, slow-rebound memory sponge, etc., and can make the pulse wave sensor array fit to the arms of different people.
The pulse wave sensors are, for example, 5, or 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, and are arranged in sequence at equal intervals along the wrist to be measured. Preferably, the first sensor is attached to the side of the transverse crease close to the palm of the hand, and the rest sensors are sequentially arranged towards the elbow direction of the arm.
When a pressurizing device is arranged outside to apply pressure to the pulse wave sensor array, the static pressure sensor senses the static pressure transmitted by the elastic buffer material above the sensor array, the flexible piezoelectric sensor is used for measuring the radial pulse, and finally the detection of the pulse wave sensor array on the radial pulse signals under different pressures is realized.
As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also discloses a pulse wave measuring method, including the steps of:
sensing pulse waves and generating electric signals through a flexible piezoelectric sensor;
the static pressure applied to the pulse wave sensor is sensed by the static pressure sensor at a large pressure range.
Wherein the static pressure sensor is an MEMS sensor, a piezoresistive membrane sensor or a strain gauge type sensor; the flexible piezoelectric sensor is a piezoelectric pressure sensor, and the piezoelectric material adopts PVDF, PZT or BaTiO3Material(ii) a Preferably, the flexible piezoelectric sensor is a flexible thin film sensor.
In some embodiments, the pulse wave sensor of the present invention comprises a sensor skeleton, a flexible piezoelectric sensor contact, a static pressure sensor contact. The concave side of the sensor framework is connected with the flexible piezoelectric sensor and used for supporting the flexible piezoelectric sensor; the other side of the sensor framework is connected with the static pressure sensor and used for supporting the static pressure sensor. The other side of the flexible piezoelectric sensor is connected with the flexible contact and used for sensing the pulse wave conducted by the contact. The other side of the contact is connected with the skin and is used for adhering to the surface of the arm and transmitting pulse waves. The other side of the static pressure sensor is connected with a pressurizing device and used for detecting the whole pressure applied to the sensor structure. Wherein the static pressure sensor is a piezoresistive sensor including, but not limited to, a MEMS sensor, a piezoresistive membrane sensor, a strain gauge sensor. The flexible piezoelectric sensor is a piezoelectric pressure sensor, and the piezoelectric material includes but is not limited to PVDF, PZT, BaTiO3And the like. The material of the contact includes but is not limited to silica gel, foam, sponge and the like.
In some embodiments, the pulse wave sensor array of the present invention includes a porous elastic buffer material and five pulse wave sensors, wherein the porous elastic buffer material is connected to the five sensors, and the porous elastic buffer material is connected to one side of the static pressure sensor structure for absorbing and buffering to reduce vibration interference and external impact interference between the sensors. In addition, the porous elastic buffer material can enable the sensor array to be attached to arms of different people. The porous elastic buffer material is not limited to polyurethane sponge, slow rebound memory sponge and the like.
Each sensor is arranged in turn at equal intervals along the wrist. The first sensor is close to one side of the wrist striation palm, and the second to the fifth sensors are sequentially arranged from one side of the wrist striation arm. The distribution can be suitable for the arm lengths of different people, and the radial artery fluctuation detection length is increased.
Several embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the pulse wave sensor of the present invention includes a sensor frame 1, a flexible piezoelectric sensor 2, a contact 3 of the flexible piezoelectric sensor, a static pressure sensor 4, and a contact 5 of the static pressure sensor. The contact 3 of the flexible piezoelectric sensor is in contact with the skin 12, the contact 3 of the flexible piezoelectric sensor can be attached to the skin due to the material characteristics, and the contact 3 of the flexible piezoelectric sensor has certain elastic deformation so that the pulse wave of the radial artery 10 of the arm can be transmitted to the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2. The flexible piezoelectric sensor is attached to the sensor framework 1 in a bending state, converts pulse wave fluctuation conducted by the contact 3 of the flexible piezoelectric sensor into an electric signal, and outputs the converted electric signal through two poles of the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2. When the radial artery 10 beats to give a force to the skin 12, the force is received by the contact 3 of the flexible piezoelectric sensor and transmitted to the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2, and the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2 can output an electric signal.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the sensor frame 1 is in a shape of an elongated curved surface, and one side of the sensor frame provides a support for the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2, as shown in fig. 3A, one side of the sensor frame 1, which is connected to the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2, includes a downward concave space 8, the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2 is tiled above the downward concave space 8, and the edge of the flexible piezoelectric sensor is fixed to the periphery of the downward concave space 8, as shown in fig. 3A, the periphery of the sensor frame is fixed, and at this time, the flexible thin film above the downward concave space 8 is suspended. The suspension structure enables the positive pressure borne by the flexible film of the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2 to be converted into the pulling force around, so that the pressure born by the flexible film is greatly improved, and the flexible film generates larger piezoelectric signals, thereby improving the sensitivity of the sensor. The other side of the sensor framework 1 is fixed with a static pressure sensor 4, and the other side of the static pressure sensor 4 is connected with a pressurizing device 9 and used for detecting the whole pressure applied to the sensor structure. Wherein the pressure means 9 is, for example, an inflatable bandage, or an inflatable balloon or the like
As shown in fig. 4, the sensor array comprises a porous elastic buffer material 7 and five of the above-mentioned pulse wave sensors 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5. The sensor array is paved on the tested arm, and due to the characteristics of the elastic buffer material 7, the five sensors 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 and 6-5 can be attached to the surface of the arm according to the hand type of the tested hand. When the pulse beats, the elastic buffer material 7 can also absorb redundant impact, reduce the influence of the pulse beating point under a certain sensor on the proximity sensor and reduce the mutual interference between the sensors.
The sensor array is used to detect the pulse beats of the radial artery 10 near the radius 11 at different pressures. Each sensor is arranged in turn at equal intervals along the wrist. The first sensor 6-1 is close to one side of the palms of the transverse striations of the wrists, and the second to the fifth sensors 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 and 6-5 are arranged in sequence from one side of the arms of the transverse striations of the wrists. The distribution can be adapted to different populations of arm lengths, increasing the radial artery 10 fluctuation detection length. When a pressurizing device 9 is arranged outside to apply pressure to the sensor array, the static pressure sensor 4 senses the static pressure transmitted by the elastic buffer material 1 above the sensor, and the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2 is used for measuring radial artery pulse. And finally, the sensor array detects the radial pulse signals under different pressures.
As a variation of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 3B, 3C, the flexible film of the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2 may be fixed only on both sides (fig. 3B); or three-sided (fig. 3C), wherein the hatched portion indicates the overlap of the downwardly concave space 8 and the flexible film; or suspended completely above the downwardly concave space 8 by the projecting clip; these do not affect the achievement of the technical effect of the present invention. In addition, in order to prevent the flexible film of the flexible piezoelectric sensor 2 from being folded and deformed, a rib or a guide bar may be provided on the flexible film to be bent in a certain fixed direction as much as possible, thereby preventing a malfunction thereof.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A pulse wave sensor, includes static pressure sensor and flexible piezoelectric sensor, its characterized in that:
the flexible piezoelectric sensor is used for sensing pulse waves and generating an electric signal; the flexible piezoelectric sensor is a flexible thin film sensor; wherein, the flexible film sensor is provided with a reinforcing rib or a guide strip;
wherein the static pressure sensor is used for sensing the static pressure applied on the pulse wave sensor;
the flexible piezoelectric sensor and/or the static pressure sensor are/is provided with a contact, and the contact is made of silica gel, foam or sponge;
the flexible piezoelectric sensor and the static pressure sensor are fixed through a sensor framework, wherein the sensor framework is in a long-strip curved surface shape; the flexible piezoelectric sensor is paved on the concave side of the sensor framework, and the static pressure sensor is fixed on the other side of the sensor framework; three sides of the flexible film sensor are fixed with the concave side of the sensor framework or connected with the extended clamp and completely suspended on the concave side;
the pulse wave sensors comprise a plurality of pulse wave sensors and form a pulse wave sensor array; the pulse wave sensor array comprises an elastic buffer material, and a plurality of pulse wave sensors are distributed on the elastic buffer material at certain intervals.
2. The pulse wave sensor of claim 1, wherein the static pressure sensor is a MEMS sensor, a piezoresistive membrane sensor, or a strain gauge sensor.
3. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 1, wherein the flexible piezoelectric sensor is a piezoelectric pressure sensor, and the piezoelectric material is PVDF, PZT, or BaTiO3A material.
4. The pulse wave sensor according to claim 1, wherein the elastic buffer material is a polyurethane sponge or a slow rebound memory sponge;
the number of the pulse wave sensors is 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.
5. A pulse wave measuring method using a pulse wave sensor including a static pressure sensor and a flexible piezoelectric sensor, the method comprising the steps of:
sensing pulse waves and generating electric signals through a flexible piezoelectric sensor; the flexible piezoelectric sensor is a flexible thin film sensor; wherein, the flexible film sensor is provided with a reinforcing rib or a guide strip;
sensing, by a static pressure sensor, a static pressure applied to the pulse wave sensor at a large pressure range;
the flexible piezoelectric sensor and/or the static pressure sensor are/is provided with a contact, and the contact is made of silica gel, foam or sponge;
the flexible piezoelectric sensor and the static pressure sensor are fixed through a sensor framework, wherein the sensor framework is in a long-strip curved surface shape; the flexible piezoelectric sensor is paved on the concave side of the sensor framework, and the static pressure sensor is fixed on the other side of the sensor framework; three sides of the flexible film sensor are fixed with the concave side of the sensor framework or connected with the extended clamp and completely suspended on the concave side; and
wherein the pulse wave sensors comprise a plurality of pulse wave sensors and form a pulse wave sensor array; the pulse wave sensor array comprises an elastic buffer material, and a plurality of pulse wave sensors are distributed on the elastic buffer material at certain intervals.
6. The pulse wave measuring method according to claim 5, wherein the static pressure sensor is a MEMS sensor, a piezoresistive membrane sensor, or a strain gauge type sensor;
the flexible piezoelectric sensor is a piezoelectric pressure sensor, and the piezoelectric material adopts PVDF, PZT or BaTiO3A material.
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| CN112137599A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-29 | 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 | Pulse detection device and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN110292366A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-01 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Pulse signal processing circuit and acquisition system based on piezoresistive pressure sensor |
| CN110811570A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-02-21 | 中国中医科学院 | Doctor four-diagnosis process recording method |
| CN112690766B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-10-11 | 上海掌门科技有限公司 | Method and equipment for measuring pulse information of user by pulse feeling equipment |
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