CN109217671B - Floating ground voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit - Google Patents

Floating ground voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109217671B
CN109217671B CN201811239508.1A CN201811239508A CN109217671B CN 109217671 B CN109217671 B CN 109217671B CN 201811239508 A CN201811239508 A CN 201811239508A CN 109217671 B CN109217671 B CN 109217671B
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circuit
voltage
switch
series circuit
diode
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CN109217671A (en
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卢鹏飞
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Mornsun Guangzhou Science and Technology Ltd
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Mornsun Guangzhou Science and Technology Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/084986 priority patent/WO2020082712A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1582Buck-boost converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters

Abstract

The utility model provides a float ground steady voltage supply circuit, is applied to between two Boost pins of four switch Buck-Boost converters, can solve four switch Buck-Boost converter Buck mode and Boost mode and go up the problem that tube drive circuit does not have the power supply. According to the invention, the output voltage is higher than the input voltage when the Boost mode is utilized, so that the bootstrap voltage of the Boost circuit can easily charge the bootstrap capacitor of the Buck circuit through the floating ground voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit; in the Buck mode, the bootstrap voltage of the Buck circuit can easily charge the bootstrap capacitor of the Boost circuit through the floating ground voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit, and the function of continuously conducting and supplying power to a switching tube in the converter is realized.

Description

Floating ground voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit
Technical Field
The invention relates to a floating ground voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit of a switching power supply converter.
Background
Fig. 1 shows a single-inductor four-switch Buck-Boost converter in the prior art, which includes an inductor L1, 4 switching transistors Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4, two diodes D1 and D2, two capacitors C1 and C2, and a control chip, where the control chip at least includes 4 pins, a Boost pin Boost1, a Boost pin Boost2, a switch pin SW1, and a switch pin SW 2. BOOST1 and BOOST2 provide supply voltages for the drive circuits of Q1 and Q4, respectively, and SW1 and SW2 are reference ground terminals for the drive supply circuits of Q1 and Q4, respectively, colloquially referred to as: floating on the ground.
The operation principle of the converter was analyzed from two aspects:
1. when the input voltage is lower than the output voltage, the circuit works in a Boost mode, at this time, Q1 is required to maintain a conducting state, Q2 is required to maintain a cut-off state, and Q3 and Q4 perform switching action to achieve the purpose of boosting. Since Q2 is not switched, the bootstrap circuit formed by C1 and D1 is not operated, and the voltage of C1 is zero volts (when Vin voltage is greater than VCC), so that Q1 is turned off due to no power supply to the driving circuit, and Q1 is turned off, and the path from Vin to Vout is cut off, and the circuit stops operating. The method commonly used in the industry is that Q1 and Q2 still perform switching operation, a bootstrap circuit composed of C1 and D1 maintains the voltage of C1, and the switching frequency of Q1 and Q2 is properly reduced only for improving the power supply operation efficiency, and this method still causes the problems of switching loss, driving loss and increase of output ripple of Q1 and Q2, and the difficulty of control is increased due to reduction of the driving frequency.
2. Similarly, when the input voltage is higher than the output voltage, the circuit works in a Buck mode, and at the moment, the Q4 is required to maintain an on state, the Q3 is required to maintain an off state, and the Q1 and the Q2 perform switching action to realize the purpose of voltage reduction. Since Q3 does not perform a switching operation, the bootstrap circuit formed by C2 and D2 is inoperative, causing the voltage of C2 to be zero volts (when Vout voltage is greater than VCC), and finally causing Q4 to be turned off because no power is supplied to the drive circuit, and the output current to flow only through the body diode of Q4, and the loss due to the body diode is greater than the loss due to Q4 on resistance (Rdson), resulting in a reduction in power supply efficiency. The common method is the same as the Boost mode: the Q3 and Q4 still perform switching operation, and the bootstrap circuit formed by C2 and D2 maintains the voltage of C2, but the switching frequency of Q3 and Q4 is properly reduced only to improve the working efficiency of the power supply, and this method still causes the switching loss, driving loss and output ripple of Q3 and Q4 to increase, and the difficulty of control is increased due to the reduction of the driving frequency.
The other solution is to use an independent power supply to supply power to the floating ground drives of the Q1 and the Q4, but the power supply is rarely used due to the defects of complex circuit, high cost, large occupied area and the like.
In summary, the bootstrap circuit in the four-switch Buck-Boost converter at present has application limitation, and the floating-ground driving power supply of Q1 or Q4 is realized at the cost of sacrificing performance such as efficiency and control difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the technical defects of the circuit, the invention provides a floating voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit with a simple structure, which can solve the problem that the tube driving is non-electrified in a Buck mode and a Boost mode.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a floating voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit is applied between two boosting pins of a four-switch Buck-Boost converter, the four-switch Buck-Boost converter further comprises two switching pins, the floating voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit comprises at least two series circuits, the input end of the first series circuit is connected to the first boosting pin of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, the output end of the first series circuit is connected to the second boosting pin of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, and the reference ground end of the first series circuit is connected with the second switching pin of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter; the input end of the second series circuit is connected to a second boosting pin of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, the output end of the second series circuit is connected to a first boosting pin of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, and the reference ground end of the second series circuit is connected to a first switching pin of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter; the current flow directions of the first series circuit and the second series circuit are opposite, only one series circuit works and outputs in a single Buck working state or a single Boost working state, and the other series circuit does not output.
Preferably, the series circuit comprises a diode and a linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit;
the connection relationship between the diode and the linear voltage reduction and voltage regulation circuit is one of the following two ways:
the first method is as follows: the anode of the diode is used as the input end of the series circuit, the cathode of the diode is connected with the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit, and the output end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit is used as the output end of the series circuit;
the second method comprises the following steps: the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit is used as the input end of the series circuit, the output end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit is connected with the anode of the diode, and the cathode of the diode is used as the output end of the series circuit;
and the reference ground end of the linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit is used as the reference ground end of the series circuit.
Preferably, the series circuit further comprises a resistor;
according to the first mode: one end of the resistor is used as the input end of the series circuit, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the anode of the diode;
or the resistor is connected between the cathode of the diode and the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage regulation circuit;
or one end of the resistor is connected with the output end of the linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit LD01, and the other end of the resistor is used as the output end of the series circuit;
according to the second mode: one end of the resistor is used as the input end of the series circuit, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit;
or the resistor is connected between the output end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage regulation circuit and the anode of the diode;
or one end of the resistor is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the other end of the resistor is used as the output end of the series circuit.
Preferably, the series circuit further comprises a capacitor, and the capacitor is connected between the input end of the linear voltage-reducing and voltage-stabilizing circuit and the reference ground end of the linear voltage-reducing and voltage-stabilizing circuit.
Preferably, the linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit is a circuit formed by discrete devices, or an integrated chip capable of realizing the linear voltage reduction and stabilization function.
The floating voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit can be integrated into an integrated circuit.
The specific working process of the present invention is divided into two working states, the working modes of the two states are the same, and the description is now separately provided. First, Vo < VCC-Vf (the diode conduction voltage drop is denoted by Vf, and VCC is much greater than Vf)
The working state I is as follows: when Vin is lower than Vout, when the circuit works in a Boost mode, Q3 and Q4 perform switching action, when Q3 is switched on, VCC charges C2 to VCC-Vf through D2, then Q3 turns off Q4 and turns on, the voltage at the BOOST2 point is VCC-Vf + Vout, and since Vin < VCC-Vf + Vout, current flows from BOOST2 through R1, D3 and LDO1 to BOOST1, so that the voltage at two ends of C1 is the output Vo of LDO 1. When Q3 is turned on again, the voltage at the point BOOST2 VCC-Vf is greater than the output voltage Vo of LDO2, so current does not flow from BOOST1 through R2, D4, LDO2 to BOOST 2. So far, the current only flows from BOOST2 to BOOST1 in a switching cycle to stabilize the voltage across C1 at Vo, and does not discharge C1.
And a second working state: when Vin is higher than Vout and the circuit works in Buck mode, Q1 and Q2 perform switching action, when Q2 is turned on, VCC charges C1 to VCC-Vf through D1, then Q2 turns off Q1 and turns on, the voltage at BOOST1 point is VCC-Vf + Vin, and since Vout is less than VCC-Vf + Vin, current flows from BOOST1 through R2, D4, LDO2 to BOOST2, so that the voltage at two ends of C2 is the output Vo of LDO 2. When Q2 is turned on again, the voltage at the point BOOST1 VCC-Vf is greater than the output voltage Vo of LDO1, so current does not flow from BOOST2 through R1, D3, LDO1 to BOOST 1. So far, the current only flows from BOOST1 to BOOST2 in a switching cycle to stabilize the voltage across C2 at Vo, and does not discharge C2.
Since the driving supply current for keeping the Q1 or the Q4 on is microampere level, the circulating currents of the D3, the D4 and the LDO are microampere level, so that the loss added by the introduction of the circuits D3, D4 and the LDO is small, and the integration inside the IC is convenient.
Compared with the prior art, the output voltage is higher than the input voltage when the Boost mode is utilized, so that the bootstrap voltage of the Boost circuit can easily charge the bootstrap capacitor of the Buck circuit through a linear voltage stabilizing circuit; the Buck mode floating ground power supply circuit has the same working principle as the Boost mode, so the circuit has the following beneficial effects:
the circuit added by the invention is easy to control the IC internal integration and the external discrete device building, and the driving loss for maintaining the MOS conduction is very small, so the circuit added by the invention has the characteristics of low loss, easy realization and high-efficiency integration, and simultaneously avoids all the defects brought by the traditional solution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional bootstrap boost circuit;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
First embodiment
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the invention. The voltage regulator comprises an input power supply positive (Vin), an output power supply positive (Vout), an auxiliary source (VCC) and a power supply common Ground (GND), and comprises a diode D3, a diode D4, a filter capacitor C3, a filter capacitor C4, a resistor R1 and a resistor R2, and well-known linear buck regulator circuits LDO1 and LDO2 (which can be formed by discrete devices or an existing LDO chip).
One end of a resistor R1 is connected to a Boost pin BOOST2 of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the anode of a diode D3, the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to the input end of a linear Buck stabilizing circuit LD01, and the output end of the linear Buck stabilizing circuit LD01 is connected to a Boost pin BOOST1 of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter;
one end of a resistor R2 is connected to a Boost pin BOOST1 of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the anode of a diode D4, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the input end of a linear Buck stabilizing circuit LD02, and the output end of the linear Buck stabilizing circuit LD02 is connected to a Boost pin BOOST2 of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter;
the reference ground end of the linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit LD01 is connected with a switch pin SW1 of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, and the reference ground end of the linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit LD02 is connected with a switch pin SW2 of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter; the capacitor C3 is connected between the input terminal of the linear buck regulator LD01 and the reference ground, and the capacitor C4 is connected between the input terminal of the linear buck regulator LD02 and the reference ground.
The working principle is that when Vin is lower than Vout, and the circuit works in Boost mode, Q3 and Q4 perform switching action, when Q3 is turned on, VCC charges C2 to VCC-Vf through D2, then Q3 turns off Q4 to be turned on, the voltage at the BOOST2 point is VCC-Vf + Vout, and since Vin < VCC-Vf + Vout, current flows from BOOST2 through R1, D3, LDO1 to BOOST1, so that the voltage at the two ends of C1 is the output Vo of LDO 1. When Q3 is turned on again, the voltage at the point BOOST2 VCC-Vf is greater than the output voltage Vo of LDO2, so current does not flow from BOOST1 through R2, D4, LDO2 to BOOST 2. So far, in a switching period, the current only flows from BOOST2 to BOOST1, so that the voltage across C1 is stabilized at Vo, and the discharge action on C1 is not performed, thereby realizing the continuous conduction of Q1.
When Vin is higher than Vout, R2, D4, C4 and LDO2 operate in the same manner as R1, D3, C3 and LDO1, and finally, Q4 is turned on continuously.
The scheme has the advantages of low cost, simple circuit, low loss, easy realization and easy IC integration, and simultaneously avoids all disadvantages brought by the traditional solution.
Second embodiment
On the basis of the first embodiment, the connection relationship of other components is unchanged by removing C3 and C4. Because the outputs of LDO1 and LDO2 are only used to maintain the conduction of Q1 and Q4, the load is small, and when the load is small, two filter capacitors, i.e., C3 and C4, can be removed, so that the circuit is simplified and the cost is reduced.
The method has the advantages of lower cost, simplified circuit and easy IC integration compared with the first embodiment.
Third embodiment
Based on the second embodiment, R1 and R2 are removed, the anode of the diode D3 is directly connected to the Boost pin BOOST2 of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, the anode of the diode D4 is directly connected to the Boost pin BOOST1 of the four-switch Buck-Boost converter, and the connection relations of other components are unchanged. Under the working condition that the output loads of LDO1 and LDO2 are small, LDO1 and LDO2 respectively play the role of limiting the current of R1 and R2, so that the circuit is further simplified, and the cost is reduced.
Compared with the second embodiment, the cost is further reduced, the circuit is further simplified, and the IC integration is easy.
The specific working principle of the second embodiment and the third embodiment can be derived by a person skilled in the art through simple derivation according to the working process and principle of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail herein.
R1, D3 and LDO1 are in series connection, the connection sequence can be adjusted back and forth, and the connection relationship of the series circuit is adjusted, which belongs to the conventional means in the field, can also realize the purpose of the invention and is in the protection range of the invention; the same applies to R2, D4 and LDO 2.
The above embodiments should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the appended claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, such as fine tuning of the circuit by simple series-parallel connection of devices, etc., depending on the application, and should be considered as the scope of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. A floating voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit is applied to a four-switch Buck-Boost converter and supplies power to a first bootstrap capacitor and a second bootstrap capacitor, the four-switch Buck-Boost converter comprises an input power supply end, an output voltage end, a power supply common ground end, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch, a fourth switch, an inductor, a first bootstrap capacitor, a second bootstrap capacitor, a first bootstrap diode, a second bootstrap diode and a control chip, the control chip at least comprises 4 pins, and the first Boost pin, the second Boost pin, the first switch pin and the second switch pin; one end of a first switch is connected to an input power supply end, a first switch pin is simultaneously connected to the other end of the first switch, one end of a second switch, one end of an inductor and one end of a first bootstrap capacitor, a first boosting pin is simultaneously connected to the other end of the first bootstrap capacitor and a cathode of a first bootstrap diode, one end of a fourth switch is connected to an output voltage end, a second switch pin is simultaneously connected to the other end of the fourth switch, one end of a third switch, the other end of the inductor and one end of a second bootstrap capacitor, a second boosting pin is simultaneously connected to the other end of the second bootstrap capacitor and a cathode of a second bootstrap diode, the other end of the second switch and the other end of the third switch are simultaneously connected to a power supply common ground, an anode of the first bootstrap diode and an anode of the second bootstrap diode are both connected to an auxiliary source, a voltage of the auxiliary source is VCC, and a bootstrap diode conduction voltage drop is Vf, the method is characterized in that: the floating voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit comprises at least two paths of series circuits, wherein the input end of a first path of series circuit is connected to a first boosting pin of the control chip, the output end of the first path of series circuit is connected to a second boosting pin of the control chip, and the reference ground end of the first path of series circuit is connected with a second switch pin of the control chip; the input end of the second series circuit is connected to a second boosting pin of the control chip, the output end of the second series circuit is connected to a first boosting pin of the control chip, and the reference ground end of the second series circuit is connected to a first switch pin of the control chip; the output voltage Vo of the series circuit is a stable value and is set to be Vo < VCC-Vf; the current flow directions of the first series circuit and the second series circuit are opposite, only one series circuit has output and the other series circuit has no output in a single Buck working state or a single Boost working state;
the series circuit comprises a diode and a linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit;
the connection relationship between the diode and the linear voltage reduction and voltage regulation circuit is one of the following two ways:
the first method is as follows: the anode of the diode is used as the input end of the series circuit, the cathode of the diode is connected with the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit, and the output end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit is used as the output end of the series circuit;
the second method comprises the following steps: the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit is used as the input end of the series circuit, the output end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit is connected with the anode of the diode, and the cathode of the diode is used as the output end of the series circuit;
and the reference ground end of the linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit is used as the reference ground end of the series circuit.
2. The floating voltage-stabilized power supply circuit of claim 1, wherein: the series circuit further comprises a resistor;
according to the first mode: one end of the resistor is used as the input end of the series circuit, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the anode of the diode;
or the resistor is connected between the cathode of the diode and the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage regulation circuit;
or one end of the resistor is connected with the output end of the linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit LD01, and the other end of the resistor is used as the output end of the series circuit;
according to the second mode: one end of the resistor is used as the input end of the series circuit, and the other end of the resistor is connected with the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit;
or the resistor is connected between the output end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage regulation circuit and the anode of the diode;
or one end of the resistor is connected with the cathode of the diode, and the other end of the resistor is used as the output end of the series circuit.
3. The floating voltage-stabilized power supply circuit of claim 2, wherein: the series circuit further comprises a capacitor, and the capacitor is connected between the input end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit and the reference ground end of the linear voltage reduction and voltage stabilization circuit.
4. The floating voltage-stabilized power supply circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: the linear voltage reduction and stabilization circuit is a circuit formed by discrete devices or an integrated chip capable of realizing the linear voltage reduction and stabilization function.
CN201811239508.1A 2018-10-23 2018-10-23 Floating ground voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit Active CN109217671B (en)

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PCT/CN2019/084986 WO2020082712A1 (en) 2018-10-23 2019-04-29 Floating-ground voltage stabilization power supply circuit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109217671B (en) * 2018-10-23 2020-04-21 广州金升阳科技有限公司 Floating ground voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit
CN113572352B (en) * 2021-07-12 2023-04-14 昂宝电子(上海)有限公司 Charge sharing bootstrap charging control system for buck-boost converter

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CN209030092U (en) * 2018-10-23 2019-06-25 广州金升阳科技有限公司 One kind floating ground voltage stabilizing power supplying circuit

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8022746B1 (en) * 2008-02-07 2011-09-20 National Semiconductor Corporation Bootstrap circuit for H-bridge structure utilizing N-channel high-side fets
CN204103759U (en) * 2014-09-18 2015-01-14 矽力杰半导体技术(杭州)有限公司 Be applicable to power supply circuits and the bridge circuit of upper switching tube driving in bridge circuit
CN108616210A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-10-02 成都芯源系统有限公司 Drive circuit, control circuit and bootstrap voltage refreshing method of switching converter
CN209030092U (en) * 2018-10-23 2019-06-25 广州金升阳科技有限公司 One kind floating ground voltage stabilizing power supplying circuit

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