CN109217089A - One kind being based on As40Se60The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber - Google Patents

One kind being based on As40Se60The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109217089A
CN109217089A CN201811027404.4A CN201811027404A CN109217089A CN 109217089 A CN109217089 A CN 109217089A CN 201811027404 A CN201811027404 A CN 201811027404A CN 109217089 A CN109217089 A CN 109217089A
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saturable absorber
optical fiber
pulse
saturable
resonant cavity
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CN201811027404.4A
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张靓
李旭炜
毛洪存
王天枢
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Changchun University of Science and Technology
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Changchun University of Science and Technology
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
    • H01S3/1106—Mode locking
    • H01S3/1112—Passive mode locking
    • H01S3/1115—Passive mode locking using intracavity saturable absorbers
    • H01S3/1118—Semiconductor saturable absorbers, e.g. semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors [SESAMs]; Solid-state saturable absorbers, e.g. carbon nanotube [CNT] based
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
    • H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
    • H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
    • H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
    • H01S3/06716—Fibre compositions or doping with active elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
    • H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
    • H01S3/08013—Resonator comprising a fibre, e.g. for modifying dispersion or repetition rate

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Lasers (AREA)
  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses one kind to be based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber includes As in the resonant cavity including pump light source and the resonant cavity being connected with pump light source40Se6Saturable absorber, by the way that As is arranged in resonant cavity40Se6Saturable absorber, the mode locking method of hard diaphragm is combined using the Kerr effect in optical fiber, liquid nonlinear dielectric, which is put into, between two sections of fiber end faces plays the role of saturable absorption, light beam enters in nonlinear dielectric, reach balance between dispersion and non-linear Kerr effect, shaping is carried out to pulse, then is coupled into Optical fiber relay and resumes defeated, As40Se60With high nonlinear exponent, using liquid As40Se60Kerr medium is made and is designed saturable absorber, saturable absorption effect is best, and stability is good, good beam quality, can be widely used in biomedical, communication sensing, material processing and other fields.

Description

One kind being based on As40Se60The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber, more particularly to one kind to be based on As40Se60The pulse fiber of saturable absorber Laser.
Background technique
In the communications field, especially in long range high capacity communication field, Fibre Optical Communication Technology is impayable with its In occupation of irreplaceable position in transmission performance and huge bandwidth potential.In order to meet the need of vast capacity communication system It asks, needs to expand the transmission capacity of optical communication system, current effective way is multiple using multiplexing technology, especially dense wavelength division With (DWDM), Optical Time Division Multiplexing (OTDM) and combination between the two, this has been increasingly becoming modern communications arterial grid Main body.And a key technology of this optical communication mode seeks to obtain the ultrashort pulse source of high quality.
Optical fiber laser as the light source in long range high Capacity Communication System, maximum feature be exactly its pulse almost There is no chirp, in the high-frequency range of 40GHz, do not need to carry out pulse compression or chirp compensation, ps/fs grade can be generated and surpassed Short optical pulse, meanwhile, also there is the good compatibility with optical fiber telecommunications system, tuning range is wide (40nm), can almost cover whole The advantages that wavelength of a EDFA gain spectral.
Ultrashort pulse caused by mode locked fiber laser acts not only as Future Optical Fibre Communication Systems perfect light source, and And it is had broad application prospects in various fields such as light sensing, nonlinear optics, biomedicine, detection diagnosis, military affairs.Actively Mode locked fiber laser is easy to receive that external environment (such as temperature change, mechanical oscillation), supermode noise, polarization state rises in resonant cavity The factors such as volt influence, and lead to pulse broadening, frequency detuning and pulse jitter.So far, mode locked fiber laser is using more Be passive mode-locking technology.The core devices of passive mode-locking are saturable absorber (Saturable Absorber, SA), mainly It is divided into artificial SA and true SA two major classes, artificial SA is with nonlinear polarization rotation (Nonlinear Polarization Rotation, NPR) and nonlinear amplified loop mirror (Nonlinear Amplifying Loop Mirror, NALM) be typical case, True SA with semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror (Semiconductor Saturable Absorber Mirrors, SESAMs) and Carbon nanotube (Carbon Nano Tubes, CNTs) etc. is representative.
Current existing saturated absorption material includes that semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror and graphene and black phosphorus etc. are representative Material, but semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror working range is small, and cost of manufacture is higher；The stability of graphene and black phosphorus is not It is good, it is easy to oxidize rotten, it can not work long hours.
Summary of the invention
In view of the foregoing drawbacks or insufficient, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to be based on As40Se6The arteries and veins of saturable absorber Wash fibre laser off.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
One kind being based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber, including pump light source and and pump light source The resonant cavity being connected, includes saturable absorber in the resonant cavity, and the saturable acceptor is liquid As40Se60。
The resonant cavity include sequentially connected first coupler, gain fibre, the second coupler, filter and As40Se6Saturable absorber, saturable absorber output end are connected with the first coupler, form loop checking installation, the pumping Light source is connected with the first coupler by single mode optical fiber, is connected with output end on the second coupler.
The gain fibre is erbium and ytterbium codoping gain fibre.
The wavelength of the pump light source is 972nm.
The As40Se6The outer diameter of the both ends optical fiber of saturable absorber is 20 μm, with a thickness of 3mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the benefit that
The present invention provides one kind to be based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber, by resonant cavity As is set40Se6Saturable absorber combines the mode locking method of hard diaphragm using the Kerr effect in optical fiber, in two sections of optical fiber ends It is put into nonlinear dielectric between face and plays the role of saturable absorption, light beam enters in nonlinear dielectric, dispersion and non-linear Ke Er Reach balance between effect, shaping is carried out to pulse, then be coupled into Optical fiber relay and resume defeated, As40Se60With high non-thread Sex index, using As40Se60Liquid is made Kerr medium and is designed saturable absorber, and saturable absorption effect is best, surely Qualitative good, good beam quality is widely used in biomedical, communication sensing, material processing and other fields.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber structural schematic diagram of saturable absorber；
Fig. 2 is energy diagram of the cavity circulation light pulse of the present invention after spectral filter；
Fig. 3 is the intracavitary pulse envelope figure after stabilization of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the pulse diagram after stabilization of the present invention by each device.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention will be described in detail, it is clear that described embodiment is only the present invention one Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making Every other embodiment obtained, belongs to protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
The nonlinear refractive index of laser beam with the variation of laser intensity and changing can make laser beam that can be produced from Focusing phenomenon, also referred to as Kerr effect.Across the light and internal atom or Interaction between particles of medium, so as to cause more High-order it is non-linear.In central symmetry medium, second order nonlinear effect χ is not present(2), Third-order nonlinearity χ(3)Play weight The effect wanted.Usual Third-order nonlinearity is all to need to meet by additional design certain phase-matching condition come real Existing, when phase-matching condition meets automatically, self-induction effect spontaneous can be generated, commonly referred to as Kerr effect.
In nonlinear dielectric, Kerr effect can cause the phase delay proportional to intensity distribution, usually on optical axis Maximum, in edge minimum.It is this so that its effect of the effect of light beam convergence or diverging is similar to a lens by phase distribution. Kerr effect can be gone out with mathematic(al) representation table:
N=n0+nI 2I
N is actual refractive index, n in formula0It is fixed refraction, nI 2It is nonlinear refractive index, I is light intensity.
The present invention combines the mode locking method of hard diaphragm to design a kind of new saturable absorption using the Kerr effect in optical fiber Body, chalcogenide liquid have very high nonlinear effect and quick response time.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides one kind to be based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber, including Pump light source 7 and the resonant cavity being connected with pump light source 7 include saturable absorber 6 in the resonant cavity, described to satisfy It is As with acceptor40Se60.The optical fiber being inserted into liquid, output end apply Anti-reflective coating, and input terminal applies anti-reflection film.
Specifically, the resonant cavity includes sequentially connected first coupler 1, gain fibre 2, the second coupler 3, filtering Device 5 and saturable absorber 6,6 output end of saturable absorber are connected with the first coupler 1, form loop checking installation, institute It states pump light source 7 to be connected with the first coupler 1 by single mode optical fiber, is connected with output end 4 on the second coupler 3.The pump The wavelength of Pu light source is 972nm.The outer diameter of the both ends optical fiber of the saturable absorber is 20 μm, with a thickness of 3mm.
In the present invention, the gain fibre 2 is Er:Yb doped gain fiber.
The principle of the present invention are as follows:
The propagation of pulse in a fiber can use the expression of pulse transmission equation.Assuming that pulse width compares more non-linear sound Sufficiently wide between seasonable, the influence very little of Raman scattering in self-steeping and pulse can neglect.Consider dispersion and non-linear Effect, then pulse transmission equation indicates are as follows:
A is slow pulsation envelope amplitude in formula, and z is propagation axis, and T is delay time.β2For group velocity dispersion, β3For three ranks Dispersion (TOD), γ are nonlinear parameter, γ=n2ω0/cAeff, n2Indicate nonlinear exponent, ω0For center angular frequency, c is true The aerial light velocity, AeffIt is effective Model area.α is linear optical fiber loss factor, usually smaller.Indicate gain system in gain fibre Number, gain coefficient value is equal to zero in passive fiber.
Gain spectra is related with the rare earth element being entrained in fiber core, it will usually cover a series of wavelength.Assuming that increasing Beneficial spectrum is gaussian-shape, and gain can indicate are as follows:
ω is pulse angular frequency, ω0For center angular frequency, Δ ω is gain bandwidth, EsatIt indicates saturation energy, works as incidence When light energy is equal to saturation energy, the half of gain reduction to small-signal gain
The pulse bandwidth that wavelength indicates is converted into frequency domain bandwidth:
E (z) indicates pulse energy:
E (z)=∫ | A |2dT
Herein, the light in optical fiber is propagated simulation process and is carried out using the standard method of fractional steps, by equation (3-1) right side of the equal sign Arrange is two:
WhereinWithIt is propagation operator, expression is as follows:
Each step, which calculates, in algorithm includesWithIt is iterated.Specifically, pulse first by means ofOperator propagates half Step, then by operatorA step is propagated, then again by operatorIt propagates half to walk, this completes the primary transmission of pulse. It is indicated by formula are as follows:
Z indicates position current in optical fiber, and h is pre-set step-length.
Saturable absorber is to obtain the light from amplitude modulation in intracavitary effect, it can introduce certain intracavitary damage Consumption, it is smaller to the loss of strong light, it is larger to the loss of dim light.Light pulse sees in the time domain, center portion intensity it is higher and two Wing intensity is weaker, therefore again by that can be compressed in the time domain after saturable absorber.It is intracavitary using saturable absorber Self-starting modelocking is achieved.Known saturable absorption mechanism has several kinds, is broadly divided into artificial saturable absorber and true Real saturable absorber, artificial saturable absorber such as kerr lens mode locking, nonlinear polarization rotation etc., true saturable Absorber mainly has carbon nanotube, semiconductor saturable absorbing mirror etc..
Kerr lens mode locking is realized as kerr medium using As40Se60, saturable absorption effect can be according to more than four times Item formula is fitted to obtain, and polynomial expression is as follows:
η=c4P4+c3P3+c2P2+c1P1+c0
P is pulse power in formula, and the value of constant is shown in Table 1 in corresponding multinomial
1 polynomial constant value of table
Polynomial constant As40Se60
C4 0.000542238845372
C3 0.000083644028993
C2 0.000970522101039
C1 0.038705066387964
C0 0.192207923824026
Light beam may be expressed as: after by saturable absorber
AbSAAnd AaSALight beam is respectively indicated by the amplitude before and after saturable absorber.
There are many common spectral filter type in fiber ring laser system, and such as Birefringent Filter, interference filter is high This filter etc..Birefringent filter usually by a birefringent plate and a polarizer group at, basic functional principle with Lyot optical filter is similar.After through birefringent plate, phase difference is generated between different frequency light in pulse envelope, there is difference Polarization state, then by the way that additional polarization loss can be generated after polarizing film.Interference filter (also referred to as dichroic Filter) usually it is made of the multilayer dielectric material with different refractivity, the light of certain frequency can be made to pass through, filter spectrum In other frequencies light, band logical, band resistance, long logical and low-pass filter can be divided into.Optical filter generally directed to normal incidence angle into Row optimization, the central wavelength of optical filter can reduce with the increase of incidence angle.First two filter may have multiband biography Defeated structure, is unfavorable for mode locking.In order to eliminate this influence, can be used only has single peak value without periodicity or second level knot The Gaussian filter of structure.Input collimated light beam is redirected using grating, and collimator is placed in a pole of the reflected light of grating General goal receives light.The shortcomings that this optical filter be it is not high to the utilization rate of light energy, other light greatly located have not been able to To utilization.
In invention, using Gaussian filter, effect can specifically be indicated are as follows:
Intracavitary include six parts: two sections of passive fibers PF, one section of er-doped gain fibre AF, saturable absorber SA in total, Output coupler OC and filter SF.Assuming that inceptive impulse is super Gaussian pulse:
ω0For center frequency, ω is angular frequency, and Δ ω is that frequency overall with half is high.
Output coupler coupling effect can indicate are as follows:
R is the coupling efficiency of output coupler.
Experimental result of the invention:
Assuming that inceptive impulse is super Gaussian pulse:
P0Indicate inceptive impulse power, C0Indicate pulse chirp parameter, m0For the acutance parameter on edge before and after pulse, T0For arteries and veins It is wide.It can be converted by following formula between pulse duration and pulsewidth:
Inceptive impulse in order to obtain, the value for needing to define have: time window Tmax, data point ntAnd initial pulse power P0, Time domain pulsewidth F0, beam shape factor m0And chirp parameter C0。
Intracavitary each section parameter setting is shown in Table 2
2 intraluminal device parameter of table
Entire intra-cavity dispersion~0.3099ps2, repetition rate~30MHz~.Light beam cycles through output coupler every time Energy it is as shown in Figure 2, it can be seen that pulse reaches stable 60 times or so in circulation.Intracavitary pulse envelope is as shown in Figure 3；It is intracavitary Specific location pulse strength is shown in Fig. 4
Figure it is seen that start when, pulse energy is smaller, by saturable absorber be lost it is larger, output energy compared with It is low, as energy increases, it is gradually reduced by being lost when saturable absorber, when saturable absorber reaches saturation, energy reaches To stabilization, about 2pJ, according to Fig. 3, it can be seen that light pulse is amplified by gain fibre, after saturable absorber Pulsewidth is compressed.The first row respectively indicates pulse temporal spectrum, frequency domain relative intensity spectrum and light pulse to the third line in Fig. 4 Chirp.
Based on kerr lens mode locking principle, a kind of saturable absorber, structure such as Fig. 3-1 are devised.Kerr medium is adopted With the As with high non-linearity effect and fast response time40Se6As40Se60, in the case where incident light is 1.55 μm, refraction Rate n0=2.81, nonlinear exponent n2=2.31 × 10-17m2/W。
Saturable absorber both ends optical fiber uses identical size, and outer diameter is 20-20 μm, and kerr medium is with a thickness of 3mm.? On the basis of this, using Andi laser as model, the propagation of light beam in a fiber is simulated in conjunction with non-linear Schrodinger equation, And consider the influence of inside of optical fibre spectral filter and output coupler to beam propagation, finally obtain the light inside entire optical cavity Beam communication process.It is 1.55 μm that incident pulsed light beam central wavelength, which is arranged, and analog result is shown when pulse is big in light cavity circulation After general 60 times, light beam is basicly stable, is capable of forming stable pulse output, output energy is about 2pJ.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that will appreciate that above-mentioned Concrete facts example is preferred side of the invention Case, therefore improvement, the variation that those skilled in the art may make certain parts in the present invention, embodiment is still this The principle of invention, realization is still the purpose of the present invention, belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.

Claims (5)

1. one kind is based on As40Se60The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber, which is characterized in that including pump light source (7) with And the resonant cavity being connected with pump light source (7), it include As in the resonant cavity40Se6Saturable absorber (6), it is described to satisfy It is liquid As with acceptor40Se60。
2. according to claim 1 be based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber, which is characterized in that institute State resonant cavity include sequentially connected first coupler (1), gain fibre (2), the second coupler (3), filter (5) and As40Se6Saturable absorber (6), saturable absorber (6) output end are connected with the first coupler (1) by single mode optical fiber, Loop checking installation is formed, the pump light source (7) is connected with the first coupler (1), and the second coupler is connected with output end on (3) (4)。
3. according to claim 2 be based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber, which is characterized in that institute Stating gain fibre (2) is erbium and ytterbium codoping gain fibre.
4. according to claim 1 or 3 be based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber, feature exist In the wavelength of the pump light source (7) is 972nm.
5. according to claim 1 or 3 be based on As40Se6The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber, feature exist In the As40Se6The outer diameter of the both ends optical fiber of saturable absorber (6) is 20 μm, with a thickness of 3mm.
CN201811027404.4A 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 One kind being based on As40Se60The pulse optical fiber of saturable absorber Pending CN109217089A (en)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103441416A (en) * 2013-08-27 2013-12-11 北京工业大学 Liquid saturable absorber mode locking optical fiber laser

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103441416A (en) * 2013-08-27 2013-12-11 北京工业大学 Liquid saturable absorber mode locking optical fiber laser

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHUNCAN WANG AND JING LI: "Saturable absorber based on the CS2-filled dual-core fiber coupler", 《OPTICS EXPRESS》 *
JULIEN FATOME ET AL.: "Linear and Nonlinear characterizations of chalcogenide photonic crystal fibers", 《JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY》 *

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Application publication date: 20190115