CN109212307B - Signal measurement device and signal measurement method - Google Patents
Signal measurement device and signal measurement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109212307B CN109212307B CN201710550441.2A CN201710550441A CN109212307B CN 109212307 B CN109212307 B CN 109212307B CN 201710550441 A CN201710550441 A CN 201710550441A CN 109212307 B CN109212307 B CN 109212307B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/133—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/08—Circuits for altering the measuring range
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Abstract
The invention discloses a signal measuring device which is provided with a detection circuit, a first measuring circuit, a second measuring circuit and a control circuit. The detection circuit is electrically connected with the object to be detected to generate a detection signal of the object to be detected. The first measuring circuit is electrically connected with the detecting circuit and generates a first measuring signal according to one of the detecting signal, the first measuring range and a second measuring range, wherein the second measuring range is larger than the first measuring range. The second measuring circuit is electrically connected with the detecting circuit and generates a second measuring signal according to the detecting signal and a compensation measuring range, wherein the compensation measuring range is larger than the second measuring range. The control circuit is electrically connected with the first measuring circuit and the second measuring circuit, and controls the first measuring circuit to switch one of the first measuring range and the second measuring range according to the second measuring signal.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a signal measuring device and a signal measuring method, and more particularly, to a signal measuring device and a signal measuring method with adjustable measuring range.
Background
The measurement circuit in the measurement device or the electronic device is often required to continuously measure the power of the dynamic load signal. Generally, there are two methods for measuring the measurement, such as using auto range (auto range) or using constant range (constant range). Because the amplitude of the load signal is not fixed, if an automatic gear is used for measurement, measurement data is often lost due to frequent replacement of the gear in the measurement process. If a fixed gear is selected for measurement, the unknown dynamic load signal cannot be estimated, so that the dynamic load signal cannot be matched properly with the selected fixed gear. When the high gear is selected as the fixed gear, although all signals can be measured, the measurement resolution and accuracy are also reduced; conversely, when the lower gear is selected, although the resolution is better, data loss is still likely to occur.
In the case of digital power meters, the current digital power meters require fixed gear measurement procedures, so that the user must perform a pre-test procedure on the object to be measured in order to predict the highest signal amplitude that may occur during normal procedure testing. However, this method is not only inconvenient, but also cannot ensure that no data loss occurs during the measurement process, or the measurement resolution is reduced due to overestimation of the highest signal amplitude.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a signal measurement device and a signal measurement method, which are intended to overcome the trouble caused by the unknown characteristic of the signal to be measured to the measurement procedure.
The invention discloses a signal measuring device which is provided with a detection circuit, a first measuring circuit, a second measuring circuit and a control circuit. The detection circuit is electrically connected with an object to be detected to generate a detection signal of the object to be detected. The first measuring circuit is electrically connected to the detecting circuit and generates a first measuring signal according to the detecting signal, a first measuring range and a second measuring range, wherein the second measuring range is larger than the first measuring range. The second measuring circuit is electrically connected with the detecting circuit and generates a second measuring signal according to the detecting signal and a compensation measuring range, wherein the compensation measuring range is larger than the second measuring range. The control circuit is electrically connected with the first measuring circuit and the second measuring circuit, and controls the first measuring circuit to switch one of the first measuring range and the second measuring range according to the second measuring signal.
The invention discloses a signal measuring method, which comprises the following steps: electrically connecting the object to be detected to generate a detection signal; generating a first measuring signal according to the detecting signal and a set measuring range, wherein the set measuring range is one of a plurality of preset measuring ranges; generating a second measurement signal according to the detection signal and the compensation measurement range, wherein the upper limit of the compensation measurement range is not less than any upper limit of the preset measurement range; judging whether the signal value of the first measurement signal is larger than the upper limit of the current set measurement range; if the signal value of the first measuring signal is larger than the upper limit of the current set measuring range, the set measuring range is switched to another one of the preset measuring ranges according to the signal value of the second measuring signal, and the upper limit of the switched set measuring range is larger than the signal value of the second measuring signal.
The foregoing summary of the invention, as well as the following detailed description of the embodiments, is provided to illustrate and explain principles of the invention and to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a signal measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a signal measuring apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of a signal measuring apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a signal according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a signal according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a signal according to a further embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a signal according to another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a signal according to another embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, the reference numbers:
1. 1 ', 1' signal measuring device
12 detection circuit
122 ', 124 ', 126 ' protection circuit
128' programmable gain amplifier
13 channels
14 first measuring circuit
142 first amplifier
144 anti-aliasing filter
146 first analog-to-digital converter
16 second measuring circuit
162 second amplifier
164 anti-aliasing filter
166 second analog-to-digital converter
18 control circuit
182 digital signal processor
184 field programmable gate array
19 coupling circuit
192 pulse transformer
194 photoelectric coupler
2 test substance
D1-D4 diode
E1 first detecting terminal
E2 second detection terminal
E3 external input terminal
ND voltage dividing node
R1 first resistor
R2 second resistor
R1 'to R4' resistor
RL1 first relay
RL2 second relay
RL3 third relay
RL4 fourth relay
Detailed Description
The detailed features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the embodiments below, which are sufficient for anyone skilled in the art to understand the technical contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, and the related objects and advantages of the present invention can be easily understood by anyone skilled in the art according to the disclosure of the present specification, the protection scope of the claims and the attached drawings. The following examples further illustrate aspects of the present invention in detail, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of a signal measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 1, the signal measuring apparatus 1 has a detecting circuit 12, a first measuring circuit 14, a second measuring circuit 16 and a control circuit 18. The detection circuit 12 is electrically connected to the first measurement circuit 14 and the second measurement circuit 16. The first measurement circuit 14 and the second measurement circuit 16 are respectively electrically connected to the control circuit 18.
The detection circuit 12 has a plurality of detection terminals. In this embodiment, the first detecting terminal E1 and the second detecting terminal E2 are taken as an example for illustration. The detection circuit 12 is used for obtaining a signal to be measured of the object 2 through the first detection terminal E1 and the second detection terminal E2. The signal to be measured may be a voltage signal or a current signal, which is not limited herein. The detection circuit 12 is used for generating a detection signal according to the signal to be measured.
The first measurement circuit 14 has a plurality of default measurement ranges. The first measurement circuit 14 is used for generating a first measurement signal according to the detection signal and a set measurement range. The set measuring range is one of the preset measuring ranges. For example, the predetermined measurement ranges are, for example, 0 milliamp (mA) to 5 mA, 0 mA to 20 mA, 0 mA to 50 mA, 0 mA to 200 mA, and 0 mA to 300 mA, respectively. The set measurement range can be switched to any one of the preset measurement ranges. For example, when the set measurement range is switched to the predetermined measurement range of 0 ma to 20 ma as described above, and the current level of the detection signal is between 0 ma and 20 ma, the first measurement circuit 14 can be configured to record the current level of the detection signal in the first measurement signal in an appropriate manner. Ideally, the signal value of the first measurement signal is the current magnitude of the detection signal. The setting of the measurement range as other preset measurement ranges can be analogized. It should be noted that the first measurement circuit 14 is used to measure the current for illustration, and those skilled in the art can understand that the first measurement circuit 14 is designed to measure the voltage after reading the present specification, and the description is not repeated herein.
The second measurement circuit 16 is electrically connected to the detection circuit 12. The second measurement circuit 16 has a compensation measurement range. The upper limit of the compensation measurement range is not less than any upper limit of the preset measurement range. For example, the compensation measurement range is, for example, 0 ma to 300 ma, and covers all the predetermined measurement ranges. Alternatively, the upper limit of the compensation measurement range may be greater than 300 ma, which is not limited herein. The second measurement circuit 16 is used for generating a second measurement signal according to the detection signal and the compensation measurement range. As mentioned above, when the current level of the detection signal is between 0 ma and 300 ma, the second measurement circuit 16 can record the current level of the detection signal in the second measurement signal in a suitable manner. Ideally, the signal value of the second measurement signal is the current of the detection signal. Similarly, in another embodiment, the magnitude of the signal value of the second measurement signal may also be the voltage magnitude of the detection signal.
The control circuit 18 is electrically connected to the first measurement circuit 14 and the second measurement circuit 16. The control circuit 18 is used for instructing the first measurement circuit 14 to switch the setting measurement range to another one of the preset measurement ranges according to the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal. For each of the above numerical ranges, it is assumed that the measurement range is set to be, for example, 0 ma to 20 ma, the compensation measurement range is, for example, 0 ma to 300 ma, and the current magnitude of the detection signal is, for example, 60 ma. At this time, the current of the detection signal is larger than the upper limit of the set measurement range, so the signal value of the first measurement signal is only 20 ma. The current of the detection signal is smaller than the upper limit of the compensation measurement range, so that the signal value of the second measurement signal should ideally be 60 ma. Therefore, when the control circuit 18 determines that such a situation occurs, the control circuit 18 instructs the first measurement circuit 14 to adjust the set measurement range to a preset measurement range with an upper limit value at least greater than 60 ma according to the magnitude of the signal value of the second measurement signal. In this embodiment, the control circuit 18 adjusts the upper limit of the set measurement range to 200 ma, for example.
In one embodiment, when the control circuit 18 instructs the first measurement circuit 14 to switch the setting measurement range to another one of the predetermined measurement ranges at the first time, the control circuit 18 further compensates the first measurement signal at the first time according to the second measurement signal at the first time. Therefore, the first measuring signal at the first time is prevented from being defective or being unrecognizable by the back-end circuit.
Referring to fig. 2, a signal measurement device will be further described, and fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of a signal measurement device according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a signal measurement device. In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the signal measuring apparatus 1' is used for measuring the signal value of the signal to be measured. In fig. 2, the signal measuring apparatus 1' further has a channel 13 and a coupling circuit 19. The coupling circuit 19 has a pulse transformer 192 and an opto-coupler 194, and the details thereof are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. One end of the pulse transformer 192 is electrically connected to the first measuring circuit 14 and the second measuring circuit, and the other end of the pulse transformer 192 is electrically connected to the control circuit 18 through the channel 13. One end of the photo coupler 194 is electrically connected to the first measuring circuit 14 and the second measuring circuit, and the other end of the photo coupler 194 is electrically connected to the control circuit 18 through the channel 13.
The control circuit 18 has a digital signal processor 182 and a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) 184. The digital signal processor 182 is electrically connected to the field programmable gate array 184. The digital signal processor 182 accesses the first measurement signal or the second measurement signal through the field programmable gate array 184, and the digital signal processor 182 adjusts the first measurement circuit 14 or the second measurement circuit 16 through the field programmable gate array 184.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the first measurement circuit 14 has a first amplifier 142, an anti-aliasing filter 144 and a first analog-to-digital converter 146. The first amplifier 142, the anti-aliasing filter 144 and the first adc 146 are electrically connected in sequence, the input terminal of the first amplifier 142 is electrically connected to the detection circuit, and the output terminal of the first adc 146 is electrically connected to the pulse transformer 192. The first amplifier 142 is controlled by the digital signal processor 182 through the circuit structure described above. In one embodiment, the control circuit 18 is configured to adjust the gain of the first amplifier according to the magnitude of the signal value of the first measurement signal and the magnitude of the signal value of the second measurement signal to switch the set measurement range to another one of the predetermined measurement ranges.
In addition, the second measurement circuit 16 has a second amplifier 162, an anti-aliasing filter 164 and a second analog-to-digital converter 166. The second amplifier 162, the anti-aliasing filter 164 and the second adc 166 are electrically connected in sequence, the input terminal of the second amplifier 162 is electrically connected to the detection circuit, and the output terminal of the second adc 166 is electrically connected to the pulse transformer 192. The second amplifier 162 is controlled by the digital signal processor 182 through the circuit structure described above. In one embodiment, the control circuit 18 is configured to adjust the gain of the second amplifier according to the magnitude of the signal value of the first measurement signal and the magnitude of the signal value of the second measurement signal to switch the compensation measurement range.
In another aspect, the first measurement signal or the second measurement signal is, for example, a digital signal obtained by sampling and quantizing the detection signal. More specifically, the first measurement signal and the second measurement signal are synchronized in sampling timing, and a dynamic range (dynamic range) of the first measurement signal and a dynamic range of the second measurement signal may be the same or different. Since the dsp 182 knows the measurement ranges of the first measurement circuit 14 and the second measurement circuit 16, even when the dynamic range of the first measurement signal is different from the dynamic range of the second measurement signal, the dsp 182 can obtain the information related to the first measurement signal from the second measurement signal according to the relative relationship between the upper limit of the first measurement range and the upper limit of the second measurement range. As mentioned above, when the first measurement circuit 14 switches the setting measurement range at the first time point, the correlation value of the first measurement signal at the first time point or the correlation values before and after the first time point may not be identified or may be defective. At this time, the dsp 182 can calculate the correlation value of the first measurement signal at the first time point according to the information of the second measurement signal at the first time point, and compensate the first measurement signal accordingly.
On the other hand, in this embodiment, the detection circuit 12 further includes a shift switching sub-circuit having a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first relay RL1, a second relay RL2, a third relay RL3 and a fourth relay RL 4. Two ends of the first resistor R1 are electrically connected to the first detecting terminal E1 and the voltage dividing node ND, respectively. Two ends of the second resistor R2 are electrically connected to the second detecting terminal E2 and the voltage dividing node ND, respectively.
An output terminal of the first relay RL1 is electrically connected to one input terminal of the first amplifier 142, and a plurality of input terminals of the first relay RL1 are electrically connected to the first detection terminal E1, the voltage division node ND, and the external input terminal E3, respectively. An output terminal of the second relay RL2 is electrically connected to the other input terminal of the first amplifier 142. A plurality of input terminals of the second relay RL2 are electrically connected to the second detecting terminal E2, the voltage dividing node ND and the external input terminal E3, respectively. The output terminal of the third relay RL3 is electrically connected to one of the input terminals of the second amplifier 162. Two of the input terminals of the third relay RL3 are electrically connected to the first detecting terminal E1 and the external input terminal E3, respectively. An output terminal of the fourth relay RL4 is electrically connected to another input terminal of the second amplifier 162. Two of the input terminals of the fourth relay RL4 are electrically connected to the voltage dividing node ND and the external input terminal E3, respectively. The external input terminal E3 is used for providing a user-defined signal source for a user. In practice, the external input terminal E3 may have one or more physical ports, which is not limited herein.
By selectively connecting the input terminals and the output terminals of the relay, the gear shifting sub-circuit can provide more measurement range selections for users. The resistance of the first resistor R1 and the resistance of the second resistor R2 can be adjusted according to the circuit impedance and the actually required measurement range, which is not limited herein. On the other hand, the detection circuit 12 'further has protection circuits 122', 124 ', 126'. The protection circuit 122' is used to prevent the first detection terminal E1 and the second detection terminal E2 from being shorted. The protection circuit 124' is used to prevent the user from supplying too much current to burn the circuit. When the second resistor R2 has a smaller resistance, the protection circuit 126' is used to prevent the second resistor R2 from being damaged by the signal to be measured with a large current.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of a signal measuring apparatus according to another embodiment of the invention. In the embodiment shown in fig. 3, the signal measuring apparatus 1 ″ is used for measuring the voltage level of the signal to be measured. The circuit structure of the signal measuring apparatus 1 "is substantially similar to that of the signal measuring apparatus 1' shown in fig. 2, except that the signal measuring apparatus 1" comprises a voltage divider circuit formed by resistors R1 "-R4" and diodes D1-D4, and provides a detection signal according to an output signal of the voltage divider circuit through a programmable gain amplifier 128 "(PGA). The programmable gain amplifier 128 "is controlled by the digital signal processor 182. In other words, in addition to the dsp 182 adjusting the set measurement range and the compensation measurement range by adjusting the gain of the first amplifier 142 or the gain of the second amplifier 162, respectively, the dsp 182 may further adjust the set measurement range or the compensation measurement range by adjusting the gain of the programmable gain amplifier 128 ".
In view of the above, the present invention provides a signal measurement method, please refer to fig. 4 for description, and fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of the signal measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention. In step S101, the object to be detected is electrically connected to generate a detection signal. In step S103, a first measurement signal is generated according to the detection signal and a set measurement range, where the set measurement range is one of a plurality of predetermined measurement ranges. In step S105, a second measurement signal is generated according to the detection signal and the compensation measurement range, wherein an upper limit of the compensation measurement range is not less than an upper limit of any one of the preset measurement ranges. In step S107, it is determined whether the signal value of the first measurement signal is greater than the upper limit of the current measurement range. In step S109, if it is determined that the signal value of the first measurement signal is greater than the upper limit of the currently set measurement range, the set measurement range is switched to another one of the preset measurement ranges according to the signal value of the second measurement signal.
In one embodiment, when the first time is switched to the other of the preset measurement ranges, the first measurement signal at the first time is compensated according to the second measurement signal at the first time. The relevant details are as described above, and are not repeated herein.
In addition, in practice, the set measurement range may be adjusted according to the signal value of the first measurement signal. The preset measuring ranges respectively correspond to a plurality of different measuring threshold values. In one embodiment, it is first determined whether the first measurement signal is not less than a measurement threshold corresponding to a current measurement range. When the first measuring signal is judged to be not smaller than the measuring threshold value corresponding to the current set measuring range, the set measuring range is switched to be the other one of the preset measuring ranges. The upper limit of the set measuring range after adjustment is larger than the upper limit of the set measuring range before adjustment. For example, the current measurement range is, for example, 0 ma to 20 ma, and the corresponding threshold value is 16 ma. When the signal value of the first measurement signal is 17 ma, the measurement range is switched to 0 ma to 50 ma. Therefore, the set measuring range can be adjusted corresponding to the signal value range of the first measuring signal in advance, and the detection signal is prevented from being cut off.
In practice, the compensation measurement range may also be adjusted according to the measurement condition, please refer to fig. 5 for description, and fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a signal according to another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the second measurement circuit has a first compensation range and a second compensation range, and the compensation measurement range is one of the first compensation range and the second compensation range. The upper limit of the first compensation range is smaller than the upper limit of the second compensation range. The first compensation range corresponds to a first threshold value. In step S201, when the compensation measurement range is the first compensation range, it is determined whether the signal value of the second measurement signal is smaller than a first threshold value. In step S203, when the signal value of the second measurement signal is determined to be not smaller than the first threshold, the compensation measurement range is switched to the second compensation range.
For example, the first compensation range is, for example, 0 ma to 300 ma, the first threshold value is 290 ma, and the second compensation range is, for example, 0 ma to 500 ma. When the digital signal processor 182 determines that the magnitude of the second measurement signal is equal to or greater than the first threshold, the digital signal processor 182 instructs the second measurement circuit 16 to switch the first compensation range to the second compensation range. Therefore, the signal measuring circuit can avoid the distortion of the second measuring signal as much as possible within the circuit capability range, thereby avoiding the embarrassment that the first measuring signal cannot be compensated by the second measuring signal.
In addition, in addition to increasing the upper limit of the set measurement range, the upper limit of the set measurement range can be appropriately decreased according to actual conditions in the signal measurement apparatus and the signal measurement method provided by the present invention, so that the first measurement signal has a better resolution. Referring to fig. 6 for describing one of the approaches, fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a signal according to another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the plurality of predetermined measurement ranges define a first measurement range and at least a second measurement range. The upper limit of the current measurement range is greater than the upper limit of the first measurement range and the upper limit of the second measurement range, the upper limit of the third measurement range is greater than the upper limit of the current measurement range, and the upper limit of the first measurement range is greater than the upper limit of the second measurement range. In step S301 of the signal measurement method, an effective reference value of the first measurement signal in the tune-down reference time interval is obtained. In step S303, it is determined whether the valid reference value is smaller than the upper limit of the first measurement range or smaller than the upper limit of at least one second measurement range. In step S305, when the valid reference value is determined to be smaller than the upper limit of the first measurement range or smaller than the upper limit of at least one second measurement range, the set measurement range is switched to the first measurement range.
The effective value is, for example, a root mean square value (RMS value) of a plurality of consecutive sampling points of the first measurement signal. For example, the current measurement range is, for example, 0 ma to 200 ma, the first measurement range is 0 ma to 50 ma, and the second measurement range is two, i.e., 0 ma to 20 ma and 0 ma to 5 ma. When the rms value of the first measurement signal in the pull-down reference time interval is 30 ma, the dsp 182 instructs the first measurement circuit 14 to adjust the set measurement range to the first measurement range, i.e., 0 ma to 50 ma. The significance of this is that the valid value is, for example, used to represent the long-term trend of the first measurement signal, that is, when the valid value falls within a certain measurement range, the size of the subsequent sampling point representing the first measurement signal is likely to fall within the measurement range. Therefore, when the effective value falls within a measurement range smaller than the current set measurement range, the dsp 182 instructs the first measurement circuit 14 to adjust the set measurement range to obtain better resolution, and in case the determination is made with reference to the effective value, the adjusted set measurement range is not so small as to cut off the detection signal.
Continuing with the above, when the rms value of the first measurement signal in the turn-down reference time is 15 ma, the dsp 182 instructs the first measurement circuit 14 to adjust the set measurement range to the first measurement range, i.e. 0 ma to 50 ma. This is to avoid that the peak value of the detection signal is cut off due to the sudden increase of the current value or the voltage value of the detection signal while the measurement range is set to be excessively fast.
Next, another method for setting the measurement range is described with reference to fig. 7, and fig. 7 is a flowchart of a method for measuring a signal according to another embodiment of the present invention. In step S401, it is determined whether the first measurement signal matches the signal template in the template reference time. In step S403, when it is determined that the first measurement signal matches the signal template in the template reference time, the set measurement range is adjusted to be the first measurement range in the preset measurement range. The preset measuring range is further defined with at least one second measuring range, the upper limit of the first measuring range is not less than the maximum value of the first measuring signal, and the upper limit of the first measuring range is less than the upper limit of the at least one second measuring range.
It should be noted that the first measurement range and the second measurement range in the embodiment shown in fig. 7 are defined differently from the first measurement range and the second measurement range in the embodiment shown in fig. 6. The signal template (signal pattern) refers to, for example, a variation amplitude of a signal or a rising and falling trend of a signal waveform, which can be defined by a person skilled in the art after reading the present specification, and is not limited herein. On the other hand, the template reference time is equivalent to an observation time, and is not limited herein. When the first measurement signal matches the signal template in the template reference time, it represents that the first measurement signal should match a certain rule. Therefore, after the signal template is properly selected, it can be determined that the voltage value or the current value of the first measurement signal conforming to the signal template is within a certain range. At this time, the set measurement range can be adjusted to the first measurement range in this embodiment. In another aspect, the upper limit of the first measurement range in this embodiment is the upper limit of all the predetermined measurement ranges, which is closest to the maximum value of the first measurement signal and is greater than the maximum value of the first measurement signal.
Referring to fig. 8 for description, fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a method of measuring a signal according to another embodiment of the invention. In step S501, the maximum value of the first measurement signal in the variation reference time interval is determined. In step S503, the average value of the detection signal in the variation reference time interval is determined. In step S505, it is determined whether the difference between the maximum value and the average value is smaller than the difference threshold. In step S507, it is determined that the first measurement signal is smaller than the statistical time of the reference threshold in the varied reference time interval. In step S509, it is determined whether the statistical time is smaller than the time threshold. In step S511, when the difference between the maximum value and the average value is smaller than the difference threshold and the statistical time is smaller than the time threshold, the set measurement range is adjusted to be one of the preset measurement ranges, and the upper limit of the adjusted set measurement range is larger than the maximum value. In step S513, when the difference between the maximum value and the average value is determined not to be smaller than the difference threshold and the statistical time is determined not to be smaller than the time threshold, the set measurement range is adjusted to be one of the preset measurement ranges, and the upper limit of the adjusted set measurement range is not larger than the maximum value.
In this embodiment, whether to adjust the set measurement range and how to adjust the set measurement range are determined according to the variation degree of the first measurement signal. Further, when the difference between the maximum value and the average value of the first measurement signal in the variation reference time interval is large, the signal value representing the first measurement signal changes relatively sharply. Conversely, when the difference between the maximum value and the average value of the first measurement signal in the variable reference time interval is smaller, the signal value of the first measurement signal is relatively stable. On the other hand, in this embodiment, the time when the first measurement signal is smaller than the reference threshold is further determined, so as to simply and effectively determine the signal value distribution of the first measurement signal.
Therefore, as described in step S511, when the difference between the maximum value and the average value is determined to be smaller than the difference threshold and the statistical time is determined to be smaller than the time threshold, it means that the first measured signal value changes relatively quickly, but the change range is not large. At this time, the set measuring range is adjusted to be one of the preset measuring ranges, and the upper limit of the adjusted set measuring range is larger than the maximum value, so that the risk of error caused by switching the set measuring range too frequently is avoided. This also allows the first measurement signal to have a relatively good resolution, since the variation range of the first measurement signal is not large. On the other hand, as described in step S513, when the difference between the maximum value and the average value is determined to be not less than the difference threshold and the statistical time is determined to be not less than the time threshold, the signal value of the first measurement signal is relatively stable, but the variation range of the first measurement signal is relatively large once the first measurement signal is varied. At this time, the set measuring range is adjusted to be one of the preset measuring ranges, and the upper limit of the adjusted set measuring range is not larger than the maximum value. Therefore, the first measuring signal has better resolution in most time, and when the signal changes, the control circuit can adjust and set the measuring range according to the second measuring signal as described above, and compensate the first measuring signal according to the second measuring signal, so that the first measuring signal still has a correct measuring result.
In summary, the present invention provides a signal measurement apparatus and a signal measurement method. The signal measuring device and the signal measuring method have a set measuring range and a compensation measuring range. Setting the measurement range to switch to a plurality of preset measurement ranges. Therefore, the signal measuring device and the signal measuring method can try to measure the signal to be measured by using the measuring range closest to the dynamic range of the signal to be measured by switching the set measuring range, so that the measuring result has better resolution. On the other hand, the compensation measurement range covers all the predetermined measurement ranges, so that the signal measurement apparatus and the signal measurement method can obtain the measurement result without clipping (clip) according to the compensation measurement range, and the signal measurement apparatus and the signal measurement method can switch the set measurement range to the plurality of predetermined measurement ranges according to the measurement result without clipping, so that the set measurement range can cover the dynamic range of the signal to be measured and can further enable the measurement result to have better resolution.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. A signal measurement device, comprising:
a detection circuit for electrically connecting to an object to be detected to generate a detection signal;
a first measuring circuit electrically connected to the detecting circuit, the first measuring circuit generating a first measuring signal according to the detecting signal and according to one of a first measuring range and a second measuring range, wherein the second measuring range is larger than the first measuring range;
a second measuring circuit electrically connected to the detecting circuit, the second measuring circuit generating a second measuring signal according to the detecting signal and a compensation measuring range, wherein the compensation measuring range is larger than the second measuring range; and
a control circuit electrically connected to the first measuring circuit and the second measuring circuit,
wherein when the signal value of the first measurement signal is smaller than the signal value of the second measurement signal, the control circuit controls the measurement range of the first measurement circuit to be the second measurement range,
wherein the control circuit controls the measurement range of the first measurement circuit to be the first measurement range when the signal value of the first measurement signal is equal to the signal value of the second measurement signal and an effective reference value associated with the long-term trend change of the first measurement signal falls within the first measurement range.
2. The signal measuring device of claim 1, wherein the control circuit compensates the first measuring signal according to the second measuring signal when the first measuring circuit switches between one of the first measuring range and the second measuring range.
3. The signal measuring device of claim 1, wherein the first measuring circuit comprises a first amplifier and a first analog-to-digital converter, the first amplifier is electrically connected to the detecting circuit and the first analog-to-digital converter, and the control circuit adjusts a gain of the first amplifier according to a magnitude of a signal value of the first measuring signal and a magnitude of a signal value of the second measuring signal to switch between the first measuring range and the second measuring range.
4. The signal measuring device of claim 3, wherein the second measuring circuit comprises a second amplifier and a second analog-to-digital converter, the second amplifier is electrically connected to the detecting circuit and the second analog-to-digital converter, and the control circuit adjusts the gain of the second amplifier according to the magnitude of the signal value of the first measuring signal and the magnitude of the signal value of the second measuring signal to adjust the compensation measuring range.
5. The signal measuring device of claim 4, wherein the detection circuit comprises a first detection terminal, a second detection terminal and a shift switching sub-circuit, the shift switching sub-circuit comprising:
a first resistor, both ends of which are electrically connected with the first detecting end and a voltage dividing node respectively;
a second resistor, both ends of which are electrically connected with the second detecting end and the voltage dividing node respectively;
the output end of the first relay is electrically connected with one input end of the first amplifier, and a plurality of input ends of the first relay are respectively electrically connected with the first detection end, the voltage division node and an external input end;
the output end of the second relay is electrically connected with the other input end of the first amplifier, and a plurality of input ends of the second relay are respectively electrically connected with the second detection end, the voltage division node and the external input end;
the output end of the third relay is electrically connected with one input end of the second amplifier, and two of the plurality of input ends of the third relay are respectively electrically connected with the first detection end and the external input end; and
and the output end of the fourth relay is electrically connected with the other input end of the second amplifier, and two of the plurality of input ends of the fourth relay are respectively and electrically connected with the voltage division node and the external input end.
6. A method for signal measurement, comprising:
electrically connecting an object to be detected to generate a detection signal;
generating a first measuring signal according to the detecting signal and a set measuring range, wherein the set measuring range is one of a plurality of preset measuring ranges;
generating a second measurement signal according to the detection signal and a compensation measurement range, wherein the upper limit of the compensation measurement range is not less than the upper limit of any one of the plurality of preset measurement ranges;
judging whether the signal value of the first measuring signal is larger than the upper limit of the current set measuring range; and
and when the signal value of the first measurement signal is larger than the current upper limit of the set measurement range, switching the set measurement range to another one of the plurality of preset measurement ranges according to the signal value of the second measurement signal, wherein the switched upper limit of the set measurement range is larger than the signal value of the second measurement signal.
7. The signal measurement method of claim 6, further comprising:
when the set measuring range is switched to another one of the plurality of preset measuring ranges at a first time, the first measuring signal at the first time is compensated according to the second measuring signal at the first time.
8. The signal measurement method of claim 6, wherein the plurality of predetermined measurement ranges includes a first measurement range, at least a second measurement range, an upper limit of the current measurement range is greater than an upper limit of the first measurement range and an upper limit of the second measurement range, and the upper limit of the first measurement range is greater than an upper limit of the second measurement range, the signal measurement method further comprising:
obtaining an effective reference value of the first measurement signal in a down-regulation reference time interval;
judging whether the effective reference value is smaller than the upper limit of the first measurement range or smaller than the upper limit of the at least one second measurement range; and
when the effective reference value is judged to be smaller than the upper limit of the first measurement range or smaller than the upper limit of the at least one second measurement range, the set measurement range is switched to the first measurement range.
9. The signal measurement method of claim 6, further comprising:
judging whether the first measurement signal accords with a signal template in a template reference time; and
when the first measurement signal is judged to accord with the signal template in the template reference time, adjusting the set measurement range to be a first measurement range in the plurality of preset measurement ranges;
wherein, at least one second measurement range is further defined in the plurality of preset measurement ranges, the upper limit of the first measurement range is not less than the maximum value of the first measurement signal, and the upper limit of the first measurement range is less than the upper limit of the at least one second measurement range.
10. The signal measurement method of claim 6, further comprising:
determining a maximum value of the first measurement signal in a variable reference time interval;
judging an average value of the detection signal in the variable reference time interval;
judging whether the difference value between the maximum value and the average value is smaller than a difference threshold value;
determining a statistical time that the first measurement signal is less than a reference threshold in the variable reference time interval;
judging whether the statistical time is less than a time threshold value; and
when the difference between the maximum value and the average value is judged to be smaller than the difference threshold value and the statistical time is judged to be smaller than the time threshold value, the set measuring range is adjusted to be one of the plurality of preset measuring ranges, and the upper limit of the adjusted set measuring range is larger than the maximum value.
11. The signal measurement method of claim 6, further comprising:
determining a maximum value of the first measurement signal in a variable reference time interval;
judging an average value of the detection signal in the variable reference time interval;
judging whether the difference value between the maximum value and the average value is smaller than a difference threshold value;
determining a statistical time that the first measurement signal is less than a reference threshold in the variable reference time interval;
judging whether the statistical time is less than a time threshold value; and
when the difference between the maximum value and the average value is judged to be not less than the difference threshold value and the statistical time is judged to be not less than the time threshold value, the set measuring range is adjusted to be one of the plurality of preset measuring ranges, and the upper limit of the adjusted set measuring range is not more than the maximum value.
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