CN109211179A - Mining slip-crack surface deformation monitoring method - Google Patents
Mining slip-crack surface deformation monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109211179A CN109211179A CN201811057426.5A CN201811057426A CN109211179A CN 109211179 A CN109211179 A CN 109211179A CN 201811057426 A CN201811057426 A CN 201811057426A CN 109211179 A CN109211179 A CN 109211179A
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- displacement
- crack surface
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- connecting lever
- force seat
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mining slip-crack surface deformation monitoring methods, it mainly arranges three displacement sensors between the upper lower burrs of mining slip-crack surface, at interval of certain time, acquire the displacement data of three displacement sensor, slip-crack surface upper lower burrs two dimension deformation parameter of digging up mine during producing is calculated by the displacement of three displacement sensors, timing time and sensor distance distance, utilize these deformation parameter comprehensive analysis adjoining rock stability states, the characteristics of motion for disclosing mining slip-crack surface, instructs mine safety high-efficiency mining.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mine working deformation test technologies.
Background technique
Increasingly depleted with superficial part mineral resources, deep mining has become the inexorable trend of underground mine exploitation.Deep
Tunnel and face surrounding rock are in the combined stress environment of high-ground stress and high lava hydraulic pressure in recovery process, so often occurring
Mining slip-crack surface.Mining slip-crack surface is ore body upper lower burrs generation relative movement formation during mining (especially metal mine)
Complete structural plane.Due to ore body be it is inclined, structural plane often takes the form of inclined plane state.Habitually, on slip-crack surface
Rock mass be known as upper disk, under rock mass be known as lower wall.When tunnel passes through slip-crack surface, the stability of the deformation of slip-crack surface to tunnel
There is important influence.Slip-crack surface in tunnel, there are three displacement components for upper lower burrs relative deformation, it may be assumed that along tunnel axial direction position
Move component, along tunnel lateral displacement component and relative rotation displacement component.By being supervised to tunnel slip-crack surface upper lower burrs relative displacement
It surveys, can predict that slip-crack surface Long-term Displacement tends to, judge Drift stability, forecast dangerous situation, be preventive from possible trouble.Simultaneously by accurate
Monitoring, slip-crack surface deformation mechanism can be studied, formulate reasonable recovery method for mine and mining sequence provide reliably according to
According to.Therefore, there is important meaning to the safety in production of mine to the monitoring of slip-crack surface deformation.
With the progress of mining, upper and lower disk is constantly displaced, and it is this displacement have the deformation along tunnel axial direction,
There are the mutual rotation etc. between the deformation along tunnel circumferential direction, and upper and lower disk, the ginseng such as above-mentioned deflection, corner and deformation velocity
Several pairs of mining tunnels and stope generate important influence, especially during production, directly threat personal safety.Deformation monitoring is to comment
The important way for estimating surrounding rock stability is the scientific method for disclosing Mine Stope rock mass deformation rule.Therefore, right during production
Slip-crack surface of digging up mine carries out deformation monitoring, obtains deformation parameter, for comprehensive analysis adjoining rock stability state, discloses mining slip-crack surface
Movement forms rule, and mine safety high-efficiency mining is instructed to have important science and practical value.
Summary of the invention
In order to disclose the movement shape rule of mining slip-crack surface, comprehensive analysis adjoining rock stability state, the present invention proposes that one kind is adopted
Mine slip-crack surface deformation monitoring method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of mining slip-crack surface deformation monitoring method, it is characterised in that:
The first step makes a cuboid counter-force seat and a square turning support, two connecting levers point of turning support
It is also known as connecting lever A and connecting lever B, it is desirable that the length on the inside of connecting lever A is greater than the width of cuboid counter-force seat, the length on the inside of connecting lever B
Greater than the length of cuboid counter-force seat, two length, which are greater than value, should meet the size for installing displacement sensor；Cuboid counter-force seat
With the upper anchor hole of processing on the body support of turning；
Second step finds the geosutures of mining slip-crack surface on back, distinguishes the upper and lower disk of mining slip-crack surface,
Cuboid counter-force seat is anchored on upper disk along geosutures direction, turning support is arranged on the lower wall of mining slip-crack surface,
Ask the connecting lever B of turning support corresponding with the length direction of cuboid counter-force seat, connecting lever A is across geosutures and cuboid counter-force seat
An end face it is corresponding, between cuboid counter-force seat and turning support with there are installation displacement sensor at a distance from；
Third step installs and designs spacing on the length direction of connecting lever B and installs two displacement sensors, close to connecting lever A mono-
The displacement sensor of side is the first displacement sensor, and another is second displacement sensor, and two displacement sensors are contradicted in length
On cube counter-force seat；Third displacement sensor is installed on connecting lever A, and inconsistent with the end face of cuboid counter-force seat；
4th step adjusts three displacement sensor initial values and is zero or writes down the initial values of three displacement sensors, note
The lower time started will be monitored, and wait certain time t to acquire the displacement data of three displacement sensors, calculate three displacements
Amount, three displacements are denoted as respectively: w1、w2、w3；
5th step, the calculating of deformation parameter:
Along tunnel axial deflection zb=(w1+w2)/2；
Along tunnel axial deformation speed zs=zb/t；
Along tunnel transversely deforming amount hb=w3；
Along tunnel laterally to deformation velocity hs=hb/t；
Corner j=arctg [(w1-w2)/r]；
It is the timing time of displacement sensor that r, which is calculating the distance r, t of two displacement sensors, in formula；
6th step at interval of certain time, then acquires the displacement data of three displacement sensor, calculates three
Displacement, and according to the calculating of the method for the 5th step progress deformation parameter；To a system of slip-crack surface of digging up mine during being produced
Column deformation parameter discloses the characteristics of motion of mining slip-crack surface, guidance using these deformation parameter comprehensive analysis adjoining rock stability states
Mine safety high-efficiency mining.
A kind of two-dimension displacement monitoring device for mine slip-crack surface deformation monitoring, it is characterised in that: it includes being anchored at lane
Turning support and cuboid counter-force seat on road top plate, there are two anchorings for processing respectively on cuboid counter-force seat and turning support
Hole is anchored at respectively in the lower and upper disk of mining slip-crack surface by anchor hole；Two connecting levers of the turning support are distinguished
Referred to as connecting lever A and connecting lever B；The connecting lever A is in the opposite side of a wherein end face for cuboid counter-force seat, pacifies on connecting lever A
Dress is fixed with third displacement sensor, and third displacement sensor contradicts on the end face of cuboid counter-force seat；The connecting lever B
Opposite side in cuboid counter-force seat length face is mounted with the first displacement according to design spacing interval on connecting lever B and passes
Sensor and second displacement sensor, two displacement sensors contradict on cuboid counter-force seat.In use, three displacement sensors
Signal output end be connected electrically on the corresponding port of data collecting instrument by conducting wire.By the position for acquiring three displacement sensors
Data are moved, ore removal slip-crack surface can be calculated along tunnel axial deflection zbWith deformation velocity zs, along tunnel transversely deforming amount hbAnd deformation
Speed hs, mine slip-crack surface corner j.
Displacement sensor used in the present invention is also known as linear transducer, digit preference formula displacement sensor, digital position
Signal can be sent directly into computer system by displacement sensor, stored and related parameter calculates.
The working principle of the invention and good effect:
1, it by arranging three displacement sensors between the upper lower burrs of mining slip-crack surface, digs up mine during production can be calculated
Slip-crack surface upper lower burrs two dimension deformation parameter discloses mining slip-crack surface using these deformation parameter comprehensive analysis adjoining rock stability states
The characteristics of motion, instruct mine safety high-efficiency mining.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the construction of the two-dimensional displacement test device of the embodiment of the present invention and installation situation plane is illustrated on top plate
Figure；
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention two-dimensional displacement test device on top plate schematic view of the mounting position.
In figure, 1- cuboid counter-force seat, the turning 2- support, the first displacement sensor of 3-, 4- displacement sensor, 5- third
Displacement sensor, 6- anchor hole, 7- anchor bolt, 8- two-dimension displacement monitoring device, the upper disk of SP-, XP- lower wall, DLX- geosutures.
Specific embodiment
A kind of mining slip-crack surface deformation monitoring method, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, as follows:
The first step makes a cuboid counter-force seat 1 and a square turning support 2, two connecting levers of turning support 2
It is referred to as connecting lever A and connecting lever B, it is desirable that the length on the inside of connecting lever A is greater than the width of cuboid counter-force seat 1, the length on the inside of connecting lever B
Degree is greater than the length of 1 counter-force seat of cuboid, the two length, which are greater than value, should meet the size for installing displacement sensor；Cuboid is anti-
Upper anchor hole 6 is processed on power seat 1 and turning body support 2；As shown in Figure 1；
Second step finds the geosutures DLX of mining slip-crack surface on back, distinguishes the upper disk of mining slip-crack surface
Cuboid counter-force seat 1 is anchored on upper disk SP along the direction geosutures DLX, turning support 2 is anchored at mining by SP, lower wall XP
On the lower wall 2 of slip-crack surface, it is desirable that the connecting lever B of turning support 2 is in the corresponding surface of 1 length direction of cuboid counter-force seat, connecting lever A across
It is corresponding in 1 one end face of cuboid counter-force seat to cross geosutures DLX, is reserved respectively between cuboid counter-force seat 1 and connecting lever A, connecting lever B
The distance of displacement sensor is installed；
Third step installs two displacement sensors along the length direction of connecting lever B, and the displacement sensor close to turning is the
One displacement sensor 3, another is second displacement sensor 4, and two displacement sensors keep certain calculating distance r=
500mm, and contradict on cuboid counter-force seat 1；Install third displacement sensor 5 on connecting lever A, and with cuboid counter-force seat 1
End face it is inconsistent；
4th step, adjusting three displacement sensor initial values is zero (or the initial value for writing down three displacement sensors),
Writing down the time started is monitored, and waits certain time t=10 hour, acquires the displacement data of three displacement sensors, calculating
Three displacements out, three displacements are denoted as respectively: w1=50mm, w2=10mm, w3=10mm；
5th step, the calculating of deformation parameter:
Along tunnel axial deflection zb=(w1+w2)/2=30mm；
Along tunnel axial deformation speed zs=zb/ t=30/10=3mm/ hours；
Along tunnel circumferential deformation amount hb=w3=10mm:
Along tunnel circumferential deformation speed hs=hb/ t=10/10=1.0mm/ hours；
Corner j=arctg [(w1-w2)/r]=arctg (40/500)=arctg (0.08)=4.570；
It is that the timing time 10 of displacement sensor is small that r, which is calculating the distance r=500mm, t of two displacement sensors, in formula
When；
6th step at interval of certain time, then acquires the displacement data of three displacement sensor, calculates three
Displacement, and according to the calculating of the method for the 5th step progress deformation parameter；To a system of slip-crack surface of digging up mine during being produced
Column deformation parameter discloses the characteristics of motion of mining slip-crack surface, guidance using these deformation parameter comprehensive analysis adjoining rock stability states
Mine safety high-efficiency mining.
Two-dimension displacement monitoring device 8 for mine slip-crack surface deformation monitoring as shown in Figure 1, it includes being anchored at tunnel top
Turning support 2 and cuboid counter-force seat 1 on plate are machined with installation anchor bolt 7 on cuboid counter-force seat and turning support 2 respectively
Two anchor holes 6 are anchored at respectively on the lower wall XP and upper disk SP of mining slip-crack surface by anchor hole 6；The turning support 2
Two connecting levers be referred to as connecting lever A and connecting lever B；The connecting lever A is in the opposite of a wherein end face for cuboid counter-force seat 1
Position installs fixed third displacement sensor 5 on connecting lever A, and third displacement sensor 5 contradicts at the end of cuboid counter-force seat 1
On face；The connecting lever B is in the opposite side in 1 length face of cuboid counter-force seat, successively installs on connecting lever B and fixes the first displacement
Sensor 3 and second displacement sensor 4, two displacement sensors keep designed distance r, and contradict on cuboid counter-force seat 1；
By acquiring the displacement data of three displacement sensors, ore removal slip-crack surface can be calculated along tunnel axial deflection zbAnd deformation velocity
zs, along tunnel transversely deforming amount hbWith deformation velocity hs, mine slip-crack surface corner j.
Displacement sensor used in the present invention is also known as linear transducer, digit preference formula displacement sensor, digital position
Signal can be sent directly into computer system by displacement sensor, stored and related parameter calculates.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of mining slip-crack surface deformation monitoring method, it is characterised in that:
The first step, makes a cuboid counter-force seat and a square turning support, and two connecting levers of turning support claim respectively
For connecting lever A and connecting lever B, it is desirable that the length on the inside of connecting lever A is greater than the width of cuboid counter-force seat, and the length on the inside of connecting lever B is greater than
The length of cuboid counter-force seat, two length, which are greater than value, should meet the size for installing displacement sensor；It cuboid counter-force seat and turns
Upper anchor hole is processed on the body support of angle；
Second step finds the geosutures of mining slip-crack surface on back, distinguishes the upper and lower disk of mining slip-crack surface, will grow
Cube counter-force seat is anchored on upper disk along geosutures direction, turning support is arranged on the lower wall of mining slip-crack surface, it is desirable that turn
The connecting lever B of angle support is corresponding with the length direction of cuboid counter-force seat, connecting lever A across geosutures and cuboid counter-force seat one
End face is corresponding, between cuboid counter-force seat and turning support with there are installation displacement sensor at a distance from；
Third step installs and designs spacing on the length direction of connecting lever B and installs two displacement sensors, close to the side connecting lever A
Displacement sensor is the first displacement sensor, and another is second displacement sensor, and two displacement sensors are contradicted in cuboid
On counter-force seat；Third displacement sensor is installed on connecting lever A, and inconsistent with the end face of cuboid counter-force seat；
4th step adjusts three displacement sensor initial values and is zero or writes down the initial values of three displacement sensors, writes down out
Time of beginning is monitored, and waits certain time t to acquire the displacement data of three displacement sensors, calculates three displacements, and three
A displacement is denoted as respectively: w1、w2、w3；
5th step, the calculating of deformation parameter:
Along tunnel axial deflection zb=(w1+w2)/2；
Along tunnel axial deformation speed zs=zb/t；
Along tunnel transversely deforming amount hb=w3；
Along tunnel laterally to deformation velocity hs=hb/t；
Corner j=arctg [(w1-w2)/r]；
It is the timing time of displacement sensor that r, which is calculating the distance r, t of two displacement sensors, in formula；
6th step at interval of certain time, then acquires the displacement data of three displacement sensor, calculates three displacements
Amount, and according to the calculating of the method for the 5th step progress deformation parameter；To a series of changes for slip-crack surface of digging up mine during being produced
Shape parameter discloses the characteristics of motion of mining slip-crack surface, instructs mine using these deformation parameter comprehensive analysis adjoining rock stability states
Safety and high efficiency.
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| CN201811057426.5A CN109211179B (en) | 2018-09-11 | 2018-09-11 | Mining slip crack surface deformation monitoring method |
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