CN109209330A - A kind of method and device for making formation fracture - Google Patents
A kind of method and device for making formation fracture Download PDFInfo
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- CN109209330A CN109209330A CN201811364182.5A CN201811364182A CN109209330A CN 109209330 A CN109209330 A CN 109209330A CN 201811364182 A CN201811364182 A CN 201811364182A CN 109209330 A CN109209330 A CN 109209330A
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- well
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- liquid nitrogen
- radial well
- formation fracture
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and devices for making formation fracture, this method comprises: the net horizontal section in horizontal well radially drills through radial well；Liquid nitrogen is injected into the radial well by the horizontal well, until the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well reaches formation fracture pressure；The radial well is closed, bored well is carried out.The device for making formation fracture includes: drilling assemblies, radially drills through radial well for the net horizontal section in horizontal well；Fill assembly, for injecting liquid nitrogen into the radial well by the horizontal well, until the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well reaches formation fracture pressure；Bridge plug carries out bored well for closing the radial well.The present invention can effectively enhance the permeability of low-permeability oil gas reservoir, achieve the purpose that increasing yield and injection, while reduce the cost of Low permeable oil and gas reservoirs exploitation, and free from environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Low permeable oil and gas reservoirs production technique field, in particular to a kind of method for making formation fracture and dress
It sets.
Background technique
With the rapid development of society, people are increasing to the demand of the oil gas energy, but conventional gas and oil resource is but
It is reducing, therefore the exploitation of unconventional petroleum resources has been increasingly becoming the emphasis of current research.The unconventional petroleum resources of China
Rich reserves, but develop difficult.The appearance of hydraulic fracturing technology, the process for having pushed whole world unconventional petroleum resources to develop.
The development efficiency of Low permeable oil and gas reservoirs can be improved in hydraulic fracturing, guarantees the exploitation yield of oil gas field.But waterpower pressure
Split that there is also following limitations:
On the one hand, since the use of fracturing fluid causes hydraulic fracturing cost excessively high.The emphasis of hydraulic fracturing technology is pressure break
Vehicle uses fracturing fluid pressure break low-permeability oil gas reservoir, and wherein fracturing fluid is the water of a large amount of incorporation chemical substances, and price is high.With dampening
The extensive use of power fracturing technique, fracturing fluid dosage are significantly greatly increased, and pressing crack construction cost accordingly increases.Ultra-long horizontal well pressure break is taken
It is fracturing fluid and correlative charges, pressing crack construction expense, proppant and correlative charges, construction more than 10% in composition
Setting up expenses, and in these expenses, fracturing fluid and correlative charges account for 28.8%, are the important components of pressure break expense.Pressure break
Liquid it is at high cost, it is also high to construction process requirement, and dosage is big.
On the other hand, pollution may be brought by carrying out hydraulic fracturing using current fracturing fluid.Hydraulic fracturing technology largely makes
With fracturing fluid, due to containing a large amount of chemical substances in fracturing fluid, bringing water pollution, air pollution and increasing risk, influence can
Sustainable development.
In conclusion carrying out hydraulic fracturing using current fracturing fluid, cost is excessively high and may bring pollution.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of method and device for making formation fracture, at least
Solve one of above technical problem.
Following technical proposal can be used to realize in above-mentioned purpose of the invention:
A method of making formation fracture, comprising the following steps:
Radial well is radially drilled through in the net horizontal section of horizontal well；
Liquid nitrogen is injected into the radial well by the horizontal well, until the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well reaches ground
Layer fracture pressure；
The radial well is closed, bored well is carried out.
In one preferred embodiment, the injection liquid nitrogen step includes:
The tripping in work string into the horizontal well；
The radial well is being located at far from Horizontal Well bottom side for the work string and described using packer
Annular space between horizontal well pit shaft blocks；
The liquid nitrogen of predetermined temperature is injected to the radial well by the work string.
In one preferred embodiment, the predetermined temperature is -196 DEG C.
In one preferred embodiment, the bored well step include: will be remote in bridge plug tripping in the work string
Predetermined position from Horizontal Well bottom side.
In one preferred embodiment, the predetermined position and the packer are located at same axial position.
In one preferred embodiment, the method also includes: before injecting liquid nitrogen, set in the radial well
Set the pressure sensor for obtaining the liquid nitrogen pressure information；
Correspondingly, the injection liquid nitrogen step includes: when the liquid nitrogen pressure that the pressure sensor obtains is dashed forward
When drop, indicate that the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well reaches formation fracture pressure.
In one preferred embodiment, the bored well duration is at least 3 days.
In one preferred embodiment, the method also includes: after the bored well step, open the radial direction
Well discharges shaft bottom nitrogen.
In one preferred embodiment, which comprises apart from the Horizontal Well bottom from the near to the distant according to pre-
Set pattern then drills through multiple radial well units along axial arranging；The radial well unit includes multiple positioned at the net horizontal section
The radial well of same axial position；
The pre-defined rule includes: to execute the injection liquid to the radial well unit after drilling through corresponding radial well unit
Then nitrogen step and bored well step are drilling through step, the injection liquid nitrogen step, institute to described in the execution of next radial well unit again
State bored well step.
In one preferred embodiment, the radial well unit includes 4~6 positioned at the same of the net horizontal section
The radial well of axial position；The radial well of the radial well unit is evenly spaced on along the circumferential direction of the net horizontal section.
In one preferred embodiment, 50 meters are spaced between the adjacent radial well unit.
A kind of device for making formation fracture using the method, comprising:
Drilling assemblies radially drill through radial well for the net horizontal section in horizontal well；
Fill assembly, for injecting liquid nitrogen into the radial well by the horizontal well, until in the radial well
Liquid nitrogen pressure reaches formation fracture pressure；
Bridge plug carries out bored well for closing the radial well.
In one preferred embodiment, the fill assembly includes:
Work string in the horizontal well；
Packer；The packer is set to side of the radial well far from the Horizontal Well bottom, described for blocking
Annular space between work string and the horizontal well shaft in wall；
Fracturing unit truck；The fracturing unit truck injects liquid nitrogen to the radial well by the work string.
In one preferred embodiment, described device further includes the pressure sensor in the radial well, is used
In the pressure information for obtaining liquid nitrogen in the radial well.
In one preferred embodiment, the bridge plug is detachable bridge plug.
The features and advantages of the invention are: the method and device for making formation fracture provided herein, by level
The mode that fluid injection nitrogen after radial well is drilled through in well is linked up natural using liquid nitrogen cryogenics and gasification high pressure come generation and expansion crack
Crack can effectively enhance the permeability of low-permeability oil gas reservoir, achieve the purpose that increasing yield and injection.
Normal water horizontal well perforation, perforation need to be extended with hydraulic fracturing and vee crack apart from limited.The application uses
Radial well does not need perforation and hydraulic fracturing to extend vee crack.The application is equivalent to straight with radial well and the bored well of fluid injection nitrogen
It connects instead of perforation and hydraulic fracturing, relative to the cost of hydraulic fracturing, it is cheaper directly to beat radial well.
Nitrogen takes up an area the 75% of table volume of air, and acquisition is convenient, cheap, can large-scale application in industrial production,
Therefore compared to hydraulic fracturing, making formation fracture cost is greatly reduced, and will not generate pollution.
On the whole, the present invention provides a kind of new approaches for the pressure break of low-permeability oil gas reservoir, using making formation fracture
Method and device can effectively enhance the permeability of low-permeability oil gas reservoir, achieve the purpose that increasing yield and injection, while reduce low
The cost of oil-gas reservoir exploitation is permeated, and free from environmental pollution.
Referring to following description and accompanying drawings, only certain exemplary embodiments of this invention is disclosed in detail, specifies original of the invention
Reason can be in a manner of adopted.It should be understood that embodiments of the present invention are not so limited in range.In appended power
In the range of the spirit and terms that benefit requires, embodiments of the present invention include many changes, modifications and are equal.
The feature for describing and/or showing for a kind of embodiment can be in a manner of same or similar one or more
It uses in a other embodiment, is combined with the feature in other embodiment, or the feature in substitution other embodiment.
It should be emphasized that term "comprises/comprising" refers to the presence of feature, one integral piece, step or component when using herein, but simultaneously
It is not excluded for the presence or additional of one or more other features, one integral piece, step or component.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those skilled in the art without any creative labor, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of step flow chart for the method for making formation fracture in the application embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the step flow chart that liquid nitrogen step is injected in the application embodiment；
Fig. 3 is that the method for application drawing 1 makes the schematic diagram of formation fracture；
Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view in Fig. 3, i.e. sectional view of the first radial well unit along horizontal well radial direction.
Description of symbols:
1, fracturing unit truck；2, horizontal well；3, man-made fracture；4, packer；501, the first radial well unit；502, second is radial
Well unit；503, third radial well unit；6, intrinsic fracture；7, radial well.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, below in conjunction with of the invention real
The attached drawing in example is applied, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, all should belong to guarantor of the present invention
The range of shield.
It should be noted that it can directly on the other element when element is referred to as " being set to " another element
Or there may also be another elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it be can be directly
It is connected to another element in succession or may be simultaneously present another element placed in the middle.Term as used herein " vertically ", " water
It is flat ", "left", "right" and similar statement for illustrative purposes only, be not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term as used herein "and/or" includes one or more
Any and all combinations of relevant listed item.
Please refer to Fig. 1.Fig. 1 is a kind of step flow chart for the method for making formation fracture, the party in the application embodiment
Method may comprise steps of:
Step S10: radial well is radially drilled through in the net horizontal section of horizontal well；
Step S20: injecting liquid nitrogen into the radial well by the horizontal well, until the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well
Power reaches formation fracture pressure；
Step S30: closing the radial well, carries out bored well.
In step slo, horizontal well 2 has vertical well section and net horizontal section, radially drills through radial well in net horizontal section
7, the diameter of radial well 7 is 2 centimetres, and depth is 10 meters.It should be noted that the parameter of radial well is used only as in the embodiment
With reference to, the application to the depth of the diameter of radial well 7, radial well 7 with no restriction.
In step S20, there are pit shaft, then tripping in work string in horizontal well 2, it can be with packer 4 pit shaft and work
Annular space between tubing string blocks, and injects liquid nitrogen into radial well 7 by work string, until the liquid nitrogen in the radial well
Pressure reaches formation fracture pressure.It is of course also possible to which other feasible modes is taken to inject liquid nitrogen, the application into radial well 7
It does not limit particularly.
In step s 30, the radial well 7 is closed, can be blocked in the intersection of 2 pit shaft of radial well 7 and horizontal well,
The work string can be blocked far from the side in 2 shaft bottom of horizontal well in the radial well 7, the application with no restriction,
As long as radial well 7 can be made to be closed.
The method that formation fracture is made provided by the application embodiment, by being infused after drilling through radial well 7 in horizontal well 2
The mode of liquid nitrogen is linked up intrinsic fracture 6, can effectively be enhanced using liquid nitrogen cryogenics and high pressure come generation and expansion man-made fracture 3
The permeability of low-permeability oil gas reservoir, achievees the purpose that increasing yield and injection.
Normal water horizontal well perforation, perforation need to be extended with hydraulic fracturing and vee crack apart from limited.The application is implemented
Mode uses radial well, does not need perforation and hydraulic fracturing to extend vee crack.The application is equivalent to radial well and fluid injection
The bored well of nitrogen is directly instead of perforation and hydraulic fracturing, and the cost relative to hydraulic fracturing, and it is cheaper directly to beat radial well,
It is easy to operate simultaneously.
Nitrogen takes up an area the 75% of table volume of air, and acquisition is convenient, cheap, can large-scale application in industrial production,
Therefore compared to hydraulic fracturing, making formation fracture cost is greatly reduced.
Compared to other fracturing fluids, become nitrogen after liquid nitrogen gasification, the chemical property of nitrogen very torpescence, and it is nontoxic
Pollution-free, i.e., pollution will not be generated by making formation fracture using the method that the application embodiment provides.
Please refer to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.Fig. 3 is that the method for application drawing 1 makes the schematic diagram of formation fracture, and Fig. 4 is in Fig. 3
A-A sectional view namely the first radial well unit 501 sectional view radial along horizontal well 2.As shown in Fig. 2, in present embodiment
In, the injection liquid nitrogen step (S20) may comprise steps of:
Step S21: the tripping in work string into the horizontal well；
Step S22: the radial well is being located at far from Horizontal Well bottom side for the instrumentation tubes using packer
Annular space between column and the horizontal well pit shaft blocks；
Step S23: the liquid nitrogen of predetermined temperature is injected to the radial well by the work string.
In the step s 21, work string is the channel of fluid injection nitrogen, and work string is set in 2 pit shaft of horizontal well.
In step S22, in order to which liquid nitrogen is injected into the radial well 7, work string and level are blocked with packer 4
Annular space between 2 pit shaft of well.It is also provided with packer 4 close to the side in 2 shaft bottom of horizontal well in radial well 7 in Fig. 4, relatively
It answers, same axial position behind, bridge plug is provided in work string, be used for bored well, bored well effect can be made more preferable,
Man-made fracture 3 is expanded.The packer 4 can keep good closure under ultralow temperature and condition of high voltage.
In step S23, the predetermined temperature is preferably -196 DEG C.Under normal pressure, liquid nitrogen temperature is -196 DEG C.Liquid nitrogen
It is injected into radial well 7, since liquid nitrogen temperature is extremely low, after contacting with liquid nitrogen, the pore water freezing and expansion in stratum generates pressure,
Rock cooling, which is shunk, generates pulling force, and two kinds of power collective effects generate man-made fracture 3.Specifically, the speed of fluid injection nitrogen is with no restrictions,
It can be adjusted according to the temperature on stratum.The temperature on stratum is higher, and liquid nitrogen gasification is rapider, and the speed of corresponding fluid injection nitrogen is just
It is faster.The faster the better for the speed of fluid injection nitrogen in general.
In the present embodiment, the method also includes: before injecting liquid nitrogen, be arranged in the radial well 7 and be used for
Obtain the pressure sensor of the liquid nitrogen pressure information.Correspondingly, the injection liquid nitrogen step (S20) includes: to work as pressure sensing
When bust occurs in the liquid nitrogen pressure that device obtains, indicate that the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well 7 reaches formation fracture pressure.
Wherein, liquid nitrogen is persistently injected into radial well 7, increases liquid nitrogen pressure constantly, be pressurized to the fracture pressure on stratum.
The pressure curve that observation pressure monitoring device is measured, once formation fracture generates crack, the volume in space locating for liquid nitrogen will dash forward
So increase, pressure curve will bust, pressure at this moment is exactly formation fracture pressure.
New man-made fracture 3 is generated in radial well 7 using the high pressure of liquid nitrogen, and is made in radial well 7 due to liquid nitrogen temperature
The enhancing extension of man-made fracture 3 for spending extremely low generation, improves the seepage area of oil gas.
In the present embodiment, the bored well step (S30) includes: by institute separate in bridge plug tripping in the work string
State the predetermined position of 2 shaft bottom side of horizontal well.Specifically, the predetermined position and the packer 4 are located at same axial position.
Bridge plug and packer 4 are set to same axial position, convenient for positioning, take out bridge plug after convenient.But it can also be by bridge plug and envelope
It is set to different axial positions every device 4, as long as being able to achieve the effect of bored well.
The bridge plug can keep good closure under ultralow temperature and condition of high voltage, with the bored well of bridge plug, fill liquid nitrogen
Divide and continue to act on reservoir near radial well 7, existing man-made fracture 3 is extended using the high pressure that liquid nitrogen gasification generates and links up
Intrinsic fracture 6.
In the present embodiment, the bored well duration is at least 3 days, and the high pressure that liquid nitrogen gasification generates when bored well can extend
Somebody's work crack 3 and communication intrinsic fracture 6.
In the present embodiment, after the bored well step (S30), further include step S40: opening the radial well,
Discharge shaft bottom nitrogen.Specifically, taking out the bridge plug for being used for enclosed radical well 7 in work string, shaft bottom nitrogen can be discharged.
In the present embodiment, which comprises bored from the near to the distant according to pre-defined rule apart from 2 shaft bottom of horizontal well
Take multiple radial well units along axial arranging；The radial well unit includes multiple same axial directions positioned at the net horizontal section
The radial well of position；The pre-defined rule includes: to execute injection to the radial well unit after drilling through corresponding radial well unit
Liquid nitrogen step (S20) and bored well step (S30) are then drilling through step (S10), injection liquid to the execution of next radial well unit again
Nitrogen step (S20), bored well step (S30).First all radial well units cannot all be drilled through, because of whole radial directions
After well unit all drills through, if rock strength corresponding to a certain radial well unit is lower, the crack that it is generated is especially big, and
The crack very little generated in remaining radial well unit, so that exploitation unevenly causes yield too low.It in the present embodiment, can be with
The liquid nitrogen pressure in radial well unit obtained according to pressure sensor is come when judging the size in produced crack, then adjusting bored well
Long, the Size of Crack for generating each radial well unit is close, so that exploitation uniformly, increases yield.Specifically, pressure is larger
When, the crack of generation is smaller, to increase bored well duration to generate bigger crack, makes pressure reduction, reaches unanimity.
It should be noted that the application to the number of radial well unit with no restrictions.As shown in figure 3, present embodiment is total
Drilled through 3 radial well units along axial arranging, respectively close to 2 shaft bottom of horizontal well the first radial well unit 501, be located at
The third radial well unit 503 of intermediate the second radial well unit 502, separate 2 shaft bottom of horizontal well.
Specifically, first drilling through the first radial well unit 501, injection liquid nitrogen step is executed to the first radial well unit 501
(S20) and bored well step (S30)；Then the second radial well unit 502 is drilled through, injection liquid is executed to the second radial well unit 502
Nitrogen step (S20) and bored well step (S30)；Third radial well unit 503 is finally drilled through, third radial well unit 503 is executed
Inject liquid nitrogen step (S20) and bored well step (S30).The distance between adjacent radial well unit is 50 meters.Wherein, step is drilled through
It (S10) may include: first with windowing drill bit milling aperture on work string and horizontal well pit shaft；Then it is turned round using hose transmitting
Square and bit pressure rotate broken formation by the water-jet effect of high-pressure jet and miniature bur, in the same axial position of horizontal well 2
The circumferential direction set drills out multiple wellbores, forms multiple radial wells 7.The radial well of same radial well unit is located at same axial position,
Otherwise it may be subjected to shear action influence.
It should be noted that the application drills through mode with no restriction to horizontal well 2 and radial well 7, the application is only provided
A kind of feasible embodiment.Work string is set in horizontal well pit shaft, and work string is channel and the drilling well of fluid injection nitrogen
The channel of tool tripping in, when drilling through radial well unit, first in work string milling aperture, then on horizontal well pit shaft, milling is opened
Hole.
In injection liquid nitrogen step (S20), packer 4 is set at left and right sides of radial well unit, and adjacent radial well unit can
To share a packer 4.Packer 4 is used to block the annular space between work string and horizontal well pit shaft.
In bored well step (S30), bridge plug, which is set in work string, carries out bored well, and bored well duration is at least 3 days, if complete bridge
Next radial well unit can be drilled through after plug, terminated without waiting for bored well.Working efficiency can be improved in this way, bored
While well, next radial well unit is drilled through, does not waste the time of bored well.After the completion of bored well, then next radial well unit is held
The bored well duration of row injection liquid nitrogen step (S20) and bored well step (S30), each radial well unit can be different, according to pressure
The liquid nitrogen pressure in radial well unit that sensor obtains is come the size in crack produced by judging, then adjusts bored well duration, makes every
The Size of Crack that a radial well unit generates is close, so that exploitation uniformly, increases yield.
More specifically, each radial well unit includes 4~6 radial directions for being located at the same axial position of the net horizontal section
Well 7；Circumferentially-spaced distribution of the radial well 7 of the radial well unit along the net horizontal section.From fig. 4, it can be seen that the first diameter
It is located at the same axial position of net horizontal section to the radial well 7 of well unit 501, the radial well 7 of the first radial well unit 501 is along institute
The circumferential direction for stating net horizontal section is evenly spaced on.
In the first radial well unit 501, the number of radial well 7 is 6, and the angle between each radial well 7 is 60 °, diameter
It is 2 centimetres to the diameter of well 7, the depth of radial well 7 is 10 meters.It should be noted that the application to the quantity of radial well unit,
The depth and adjacent radial of the diameter of angle, radial well 7 between the number of each unit radial well 7, radial well 7, radial well 7
With no restriction, the application provides only a kind of feasible embodiment to the distance between well unit.The diameter of each radial well unit
It can be the same or different to well quantity, radial well parameter.
In a specific implement scene, with continued reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, right-hand direction when with scope of readers to drawing is
The right side, i.e. Horizontal Well bottom is in rightmost in Fig. 3.Firstly, the right-hand component in the net horizontal section of the horizontal well 2 drilled through (leans on
Nearly Horizontal Well bottom) drill through the first radial well unit 501.It certainly, can also first tripping in instrumentation tubes in other implement scenes
Column, when at this moment drilling through the first radial well unit 501 in addition to will the milling aperture on horizontal well pit shaft, will also be first on work string
Milling aperture.For the trephination of horizontal well and radial well, this will not be repeated here.
As shown in figure 4, the number of radial well 7 is 6, the folder between each radial well 7 in the first radial well unit 501
Angle is 60 °, and the diameter of radial well 7 is 2 centimetres, and the depth of radial well 7 is 10 meters.
Packer 4 is arranged in the tripping in work string in horizontal well 2 on the left of the first radial well unit 501, blocks instrumentation tubes
Annular space between column and horizontal well pit shaft.A packer 4 can also be also provided on the right side of the first radial well unit 501, it is right
It answers, the axial position locating for packer 4 sets a bridge plug in work string.Packer 4 first can also all be set, such as be schemed
Shown in 3, distance is 50 meters between adjacent packers 4, has a radial well unit between every two packer.
A pressure sensor first is set in the first radial well unit 501, it is radial to first by work string with fracturing unit truck 1
Liquid nitrogen is injected in well unit 501, since liquid nitrogen temperature is extremely low, after contacting with liquid nitrogen, the pore water freezing and expansion in stratum is generated
Pressure, rock cooling, which is shunk, generates pulling force, and two kinds of power collective effects generate man-made fracture 3.
Constantly injection liquid nitrogen, can be such that the liquid nitrogen pressure in the first radial well unit 501 constantly increases, utilize the high pressure of liquid nitrogen
New man-made fracture 3 is generated in radial well 7, and is made in radial well 7 since the man-made fracture 3 of the extremely low generation of liquid nitrogen temperature increases
Strong extension, improves the seepage area of oil gas.
When bust occurs in the liquid nitrogen pressure that pressure sensor obtains, the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well 7 is indicated
Reach formation fracture pressure.This is because once formation fracture generates crack, the volume in space locating for liquid nitrogen will increase suddenly,
Pressure curve will bust, pressure at this moment is exactly formation fracture pressure.
Stop injection liquid nitrogen at this time, the axial position locating for the left side packer 4 of the first radial well unit 501 sets a bridge
Plug, bridge plug is located in work string and the bridge plug on 501 right side of the first radial well unit is corresponding, realizes the first radial well of closing
The function of unit 501.With the bored well of bridge plug, making liquid nitrogen, sufficiently nearby reservoir continues to act on radial well 7, after liquid nitrogen gasification
High pressure extends existing man-made fracture 3 and links up intrinsic fracture 6.
While the first radial well 501 bored well of unit, start to drill through the second radial well unit 502.First with windowing drill bit
The milling aperture on work string and horizontal well pit shaft, specific trephination do not repeat them here.First radial well unit 501 it is bored
Well duration is at least 3 days.After bored well, bridge plug is taken out, discharges shaft bottom nitrogen.Packer can not have to take out.
Then injection liquid nitrogen step (S20) and bored well step (S30), each radial direction are executed to the second radial well unit 502
The bored well duration of well unit can be different, judge to be produced according to the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well unit of pressure sensor acquisition
The size in raw crack, then bored well duration is adjusted, the Size of Crack for generating each radial well unit is close, so that exploitation is uniformly,
Increase yield.
Radial well quantity, the radial well parameter of each radial well unit can be the same or different.
While the second radial well 502 bored well of unit, start to drill through third radial well unit 503.Second radial well list
After first 502 bored wells, bridge plug is taken out, discharges shaft bottom nitrogen.Then injection liquid nitrogen step is executed to third radial well unit 503
(S20) and bored well step (S30).
After the bored well of third radial well unit 503, bridge plug is taken out, discharges shaft bottom nitrogen.
Above is exactly the method for making formation fracture provided using the application embodiment, realizes one for making formation fracture
Specific embodiment.
Compared with prior art, a kind of method for making formation fracture provided by the invention, without using conventional fracturing fluid pair
Oil and gas reservoir carries out pressure break, can reach following technical effect:
1, the present invention links up intrinsic fracture 6, energy using liquid nitrogen cryogenics and gasification high pressure come generation and expansion man-made fracture 3
The permeability of effective enhancing low-permeability oil gas reservoir, achievees the purpose that increasing yield and injection；
2, normal water horizontal well perforation, perforation need to be extended with hydraulic fracturing and vee crack apart from limited.The application adopts
With radial well, perforation and hydraulic fracturing are not needed to extend vee crack.The application is equivalent to radial well and the bored well of fluid injection nitrogen
Directly instead of perforation and hydraulic fracturing, relative to the cost of hydraulic fracturing, it is cheaper directly to beat radial well；
3, the 75% of nitrogen land occupation table volume of air, acquisition is convenient, cheap, can large-scale application it is raw in industry
It produces, therefore compared to hydraulic fracturing, making formation fracture cost is greatly reduced, and will not generate pollution.
On the whole, the present invention provides a kind of new approaches for the pressure break of low-permeability oil gas reservoir, using making formation fracture
Method can effectively enhance the permeability of low-permeability oil gas reservoir, achieve the purpose that increasing yield and injection, while reducing Low Permeability Oil/gas
The cost of exploitation is hidden, and free from environmental pollution, there is practical meaning.
The application provides one kind and makes for a kind of method for making formation fracture provided in above embodiment, also correspondence
The device of formation fracture, the apparatus may include: drilling assemblies, fill assembly and bridge plug.Wherein, the drilling assemblies are used for
The net horizontal section of horizontal well 2 radially drills through radial well 7.Drilling assemblies and boring method belong to the prior art, and the application is herein
It does not limit specifically.The fill assembly is used to inject liquid nitrogen into the radial well 7 by the horizontal well 2, until institute
The liquid nitrogen pressure stated in radial well 7 reaches formation fracture pressure.The bridge plug carries out bored well for closing the radial well 7.
In the present embodiment, the fill assembly includes work string, packer 4 and fracturing unit truck 1.Wherein, the work
Make tubing string in the horizontal well 2.The packer 4 is set to the side of the radial well 7 far from 2 shaft bottom of horizontal well, is used for
The annular space between the work string and horizontal well pit shaft is blocked, in order to which the liquid nitrogen can be by injection radial well 7, institute
Good closure can be kept under ultralow temperature and condition of high voltage by stating packer 4.The fracturing unit truck 1 is located at ground, fracturing unit truck 1
It is upper that liquid nitrogen is housed, liquid nitrogen is rapidly injected to the radial well 7 by the work string.
In the present embodiment, described device further includes the pressure sensor in the radial well 7, for obtaining
State the pressure information of liquid nitrogen in radial well 7.Specifically, pressure sensor is arranged in the first radial well unit 501, the second radial well
In unit 502 and third radial well unit 503.
In the present embodiment, the bridge plug is detachable bridge plug.It after the completion of bored well, can be removed, to discharge shaft bottom
Nitrogen.The bridge plug can keep good closure under ultralow temperature and condition of high voltage.
In the present embodiment, the device embodiments are corresponding with method implementation, can be realized method implementation
The technical issues of mode is solved, reaches the technical effect of method implementation accordingly, and specific the application is no longer superfluous herein
It states.
Herein cited any digital value all include between lower limit value to upper limit value with the lower value of an incremented and
The all values of upper value, there are the intervals of at least two units between any lower value and any much higher value.For example, such as
Fruit elaborates that the quantity an of component or the value of process variable (such as temperature, pressure, time etc.) are from 1 to 90, preferably from 20
To 80, more preferably from 30 to 70, then purpose is arrived in order to illustrate also clearly listing such as 15 to 85,22 in the specification
68,43 to 51,30 to 32 is equivalent.For the value less than 1, suitably think that a unit is 0.0001,0.001,0.01,0.1.
These are only intended to the example clearly expressed, it is believed that all possibility for the numerical value enumerated between minimum and peak
Combination is all expressly set forth in the specification in a similar manner.
Unless otherwise indicated, all ranges all include all numbers between endpoint and endpoint.It is used together with range
" about " or " approximation " be suitable for two endpoints of the range.Thus, " about 20 to 30 " are intended to cover that " about 20 to about
30 ", including at least the endpoint indicated.
All articles and reference disclosed, including patent application and publication, for various purposes by quoting knot
Together in this.Describing combined term " substantially by ... constitute " should include identified element, ingredient, component or step and reality
Other elements, ingredient, component or the step of the basic novel feature of the combination are not influenced in matter.Using term "comprising" or
" comprising " describes the combination of element here, ingredient, component or step it is also contemplated that substantially by these elements, ingredient, component
Or the embodiment that step is constituted.Here by using term " can with ", it is intended to illustrate that " can with " includes described any
Attribute is all optional.
Multiple element, ingredient, component or step can be provided by single integrated component, ingredient, component or step.Optionally
Ground, single integrated component, ingredient, component or step can be divided into multiple element, ingredient, component or the step of separation.It is used to
The open "a" or "an" for describing element, ingredient, component or step is not said to exclude other elements, ingredient, component
Or step.
It should be understood that above description is to illustrate rather than to be limited.By reading above-mentioned retouch
It states, many embodiments and many applications except provided example all will be aobvious and easy for a person skilled in the art
See.Therefore, the range of this introduction should not be determined referring to foregoing description, but should referring to appended claims and this
The full scope of the equivalent that a little claims are possessed determines.For comprehensive purpose, all articles and with reference to including special
The disclosure of benefit application and bulletin is all by reference to being incorporated herein.Theme disclosed herein is omitted in preceding claims
Any aspect is not intended to abandon the body matter, also should not be considered as inventor the theme is not thought of as it is disclosed
A part of subject matter.
Claims (15)
1. a kind of method for making formation fracture, which comprises the following steps:
Radial well is radially drilled through in the net horizontal section of horizontal well；
Liquid nitrogen is injected into the radial well by the horizontal well, until the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well reaches stratum and breaks
Split pressure；
The radial well is closed, bored well is carried out.
2. the method according to claim 1 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that the injection liquid nitrogen step includes:
The tripping in work string into the horizontal well；
The radial well is being located at far from Horizontal Well bottom side for the work string and the level using packer
Annular space between well shaft blocks；
The liquid nitrogen of predetermined temperature is injected to the radial well by the work string.
3. the method according to claim 2 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that the predetermined temperature is -196 DEG C.
4. the method according to claim 2 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that the bored well step includes: by bridge plug
Far from the predetermined position of Horizontal Well bottom side in tripping in the work string.
5. the method according to claim 4 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that the predetermined position and the packer
Positioned at same axial position.
6. the method according to claim 1 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that further include: before injecting liquid nitrogen,
Pressure sensor for obtaining the liquid nitrogen pressure information is set in the radial well；
Correspondingly, it is described injection liquid nitrogen step include: when the pressure sensor obtain the liquid nitrogen pressure there is bust when,
Indicate that the liquid nitrogen pressure in the radial well reaches formation fracture pressure.
7. the method according to claim 1 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that the bored well duration is at least 3 days.
8. the method according to claim 1 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that further include: the bored well step terminates
Afterwards, the radial well is opened, shaft bottom nitrogen is discharged.
9. the method according to claim 1 for making formation fracture characterized by comprising apart from the Horizontal Well bottom
Multiple radial well units along axial arranging are drilled through according to pre-defined rule from the near to the distant；The radial well unit includes multiple is located at
The radial well of the same axial position of the net horizontal section；
The pre-defined rule includes: to execute the injection liquid nitrogen to the radial well unit after drilling through corresponding radial well unit to walk
Then rapid and bored well step drills through step, the injection liquid nitrogen step, described bored described in execute to next radial well unit again
Well step.
10. the method according to claim 9 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that the radial well unit includes 4~6
The radial well of a same axial position positioned at the net horizontal section；The radial well of the radial well unit is along the net horizontal section
Circumferential direction be evenly spaced on.
11. the method according to claim 9 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that between the adjacent radial well unit
50 meters of interval.
12. a kind of device for making formation fracture using such as any the method in claim 1 to 11, which is characterized in that packet
It includes:
Drilling assemblies radially drill through radial well for the net horizontal section in horizontal well；
Fill assembly, for injecting liquid nitrogen into the radial well by the horizontal well, until the liquid nitrogen in the radial well
Pressure reaches formation fracture pressure；
Bridge plug carries out bored well for closing the radial well.
13. the device according to claim 12 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that the fill assembly includes:
Work string in the horizontal well；
Packer；The packer is set to side of the radial well far from the Horizontal Well bottom, for blocking the work
Annular space between tubing string and the horizontal well shaft in wall；
Fracturing unit truck；The fracturing unit truck injects liquid nitrogen to the radial well by the work string.
14. the device according to claim 12 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that further include being set in the radial well
Pressure sensor, for obtaining the pressure information of liquid nitrogen in the radial well.
15. the device according to claim 12 for making formation fracture, which is characterized in that the bridge plug is detachable bridge plug.
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| CN201811364182.5A CN109209330A (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | A kind of method and device for making formation fracture |
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| CN111042790A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-21 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Repeated fracturing method and device |
| CN113586021A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Horizontal well volume fracturing method and system combining radial well with carbon dioxide fracturing |
| CN115637958A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-01-24 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Batch mining method for platform horizontal well |
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Application publication date: 20190115 |