CN109209304B - Control method of well plunger control system - Google Patents

Control method of well plunger control system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109209304B
CN109209304B CN201811297613.0A CN201811297613A CN109209304B CN 109209304 B CN109209304 B CN 109209304B CN 201811297613 A CN201811297613 A CN 201811297613A CN 109209304 B CN109209304 B CN 109209304B
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oil pressure
valve
interface
value
well
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CN109209304A (en
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刘涛
王士兴
史宁辉
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Xi'an Ancn Smart Instrument Inc
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Xi'an Ancn Smart Instrument Inc
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121Lifting well fluids
    • E21B43/122Gas lift
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Control Of Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a plunger control system for a well, which relates to the technical field of natural gas equipment, and adopts devices such as a control gauge outfit, an arrival sensor, a pneumatic film valve, an electromagnetic valve, an ACF two-phase flow flowmeter and the like to comprehensively improve the existing plunger control system for the well, so that accurate judgment of liquid slugs can be realized, single well gas production and liquid production can be effectively metered by combining with the ACF two-phase flow flowmeter, the gas phase metering precision can reach 1% at most, the liquid phase metering precision can reach 10%, and the production process and system can be better optimized by precisely metering the gas and liquid yields.

Description

Control method of well plunger control system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of natural gas equipment, relates to a wellhead device, and particularly relates to a control method for providing a plunger control system for a well for stable production of a complex gas field with low pressure, low yield, low abundance and strong heterogeneity.
Background
With the development of gas fields, the number of single management wells is increased year by year, water and gas production wells are increased, and the water yield is increased gradually. Because the single well of gas well has low yield and poor liquid carrying capacity, the liquid accumulation at the bottom of the well is easy to cause adverse effect on the production of the gas well, and the drainage and gas production work is increasingly outstanding.
In the prior art, a plunger gas lift drainage gas production system is generally installed, and the energy of plunger gas lift mainly comes from high-pressure gas stored in a casing pressure pipe; through plunger gas lift drainage gas production, bottom hole hydrops can be effectively got rid of, but the judgement or the measurement to plunger lift liquid column in the present technique is in blank state all the time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention adopts the control gauge outfit, reach the sensor, pneumatic film valve, electromagnetic valve, ACF two-phase flow flowmeter, etc. to improve the existing well to use the plunger control system synthetically, can realize the accurate judgement to the liquid slug, combine ACF two-phase flow flowmeter, can carry on the effective measurement to single well gas production, liquid production, the gas phase measures the accuracy and can reach 1% at most, the liquid phase measures the accuracy and can reach 10%, have the accurate measurement of gas, liquid output, can better optimize production process and system.
The invention solves the problems by the following technical means:
a plunger control system for a well, comprising a control gauge head according to different production regimes, an arrival sensor for acquiring oil pressure in real time, a pneumatic membrane valve for performing opening and closing of the well, and an electromagnetic valve for controlling the pneumatic membrane valve, wherein:
the first interface of the gauge head of the control gauge head is a reserved interface for installing a corresponding plug, the second interface of the gauge head of the control gauge head is used for connecting a remote transmission device of the plunger, the third interface of the gauge head of the control gauge head is used for connecting a first interface of a magnetic valve of the electromagnetic valve, and the fourth interface of the gauge head of the control gauge head is used for connecting a second sensing interface reaching the sensor; the sensing first interface of the arrival sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the oil pressure in real time; the film valve interface of the pneumatic film valve is connected with the magnetic valve second interface of the electromagnetic valve; and a magnetic valve third interface of the electromagnetic valve is connected with a gas source after the gas production tree sleeve is subjected to liquid separation and pressure reduction.
Further, the ACF two-phase flow meter is arranged at the downstream of the cut-off valve on the pipeline and upstream of the output valve.
Further, the control gauge outfit is installed in the jacket pressure end of adopting the gas tree through pressure flange.
Further, the access sensor is arranged at the lower position of the lubricator.
Further, the pneumatic film valve is arranged at the upstream of the needle valve of the gas production tree.
Further, the electromagnetic valve is arranged behind a related device for separating and decompressing the pressure end of the gas production tree sleeve.
Further, the well plunger control system judges the arrival time of the liquid column by utilizing the standard deviation analysis of the oil pressure, and comprises the following judging steps:
a1 Continuously collecting and recording oil pressure data (sample oil pressure value);
a2 Standard deviation calculation is carried out on recorded oil pressure data samples, and the real-time collected oil pressure value is compared with the sample oil pressure average value;
a3 Calculating whether the standard deviation value is larger than a preset threshold value or not, and calculating whether the real-time oil pressure value is larger than a sample oil pressure average value or not;
a4 When the calculated standard deviation value is larger than a preset threshold value and the real-time oil pressure value is larger than the sample oil pressure average value, the system judges that the liquid column arrives;
a5 When the calculated standard deviation value is smaller than the preset threshold value or the real-time oil pressure value is smaller than the sample oil pressure average value, the step A1) is skipped.
Further, the judging step further includes: at the beginning of well opening, the system collects oil pressure value in real time and compares with the sample oil pressure average value, and when the standard deviation value is monitored to be larger than the preset threshold value and the real-time collected oil pressure value is monitored to be larger than the sample oil pressure average value, the system can judge the arrival time of the liquid column.
The control method of the plunger control system for the well has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the control gauge head, the arrival sensor, the pneumatic film valve, the electromagnetic valve, the ACF two-phase flow flowmeter and other devices to comprehensively improve the existing plunger control system for the well, can realize accurate judgment of liquid slugs, can effectively meter gas production and liquid production of a single well by combining with the ACF two-phase flow flowmeter, has the gas phase metering precision of up to 1 percent and the liquid phase metering precision of up to 10 percent, has the accurate metering of gas and liquid yields, and can better optimize the production process and system.
According to the technical scheme of comparing the standard deviation of the oil pressure with the preset threshold value, and combining the technical scheme of comparing the real-time oil pressure with the average value of the sample oil pressure, the noise influence caused by the problems of the accuracy and stability of the pressure sensor can be effectively avoided by adopting double judgment, the gas production and the liquid production of a single well can be effectively measured, the gas phase measurement accuracy can be up to 1%, and the liquid phase measurement accuracy can be up to 10%.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a well plunger control system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control header provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arrival sensor provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the pneumatic diaphragm valve provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the solenoid valve provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of oil pressure versus casing pressure during operation of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph of data for standard deviation values versus oil pressure during operation of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of instantaneous liquid and gas volume data during operation of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 is a control header; 101 is a header first interface; 102 is a header second interface; 103 is a header third interface; 104 is a header fourth interface; 2 is the arrival sensor; 201 is a sensing first interface; 202 is a sensing second interface; 3 is a pneumatic film valve; 301 is a membrane valve interface; 4 is an electromagnetic valve; 401 is a magnetic valve first interface; 402 is a magnetic valve second port; 403 is a magnetic valve third interface; 5 is a plunger; and 6 is a lubricator.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate describing the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a plunger control system for a well includes a control gauge head 1 according to different production systems, an arrival sensor 2 for acquiring oil pressure in real time, a pneumatic diaphragm valve 3 for performing opening and closing of the well, and a solenoid valve 4 for controlling the pneumatic diaphragm valve 3. The system also comprises an ACF two-phase flow meter which is arranged on the pipeline and downstream of the cut-off valve and upstream of the output valve.
In fig. 1, a plunger control system for a well is installed on a well body structure, a control gauge outfit 1 is installed at a casing pressure end of a gas production tree through a pressure taking flange, a sensor 2 is installed below a lubricator 6, a pneumatic diaphragm valve 3 is installed at the upstream of a needle valve of the gas production tree, and an electromagnetic valve 4 is installed behind a related device for separating liquid and reducing pressure at the casing pressure end of the gas production tree.
Specifically, the control gauge outfit 1 opens a well according to the set time switch, time optimization, pressure microliter, pressure rebound, pressure drop and other systems. When the plunger 5 lifts the liquid column under the pressure of the casing pressure, the arrival sensor 2 collects oil pressure in real time and carries out related data calculation to judge whether the liquid column is reached, and when judging that the liquid column is reached, the arrival sensor 2 sends a liquid accumulation instruction to the ACF two-phase flow meter to start liquid accumulation metering; when the hydraulic fluid is discharged, the plunger 5 reaches the top, the arrival sensor 2 detects that the plunger 5 arrives, and an air accumulation instruction is sent to the ACF two-phase flow meter to recover air accumulation metering; the plunger control gauge outfit 1 controls the well closing according to the set system or the oil pressure acquired by the arrival sensor 2, and waits for the next round of well opening, liquid discharging and gas production.
It should be further noted that, in connection with the structure of the gas production tree in fig. 1, the control gauge outfit 1 is partially installed at the casing pressure, the casing pressure is measured by taking pressure from the casing pressure, and the pressure is taken from the casing pressure, is decompressed by passing through the liquid and then is connected to the electromagnetic valve 4, and is used as the gas supply pressure of the pneumatic membrane valve 3.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the first interface 101 of the control gauge outfit 1 is a reserved interface for installing a corresponding plug, the second interface 102 of the control gauge outfit 1 is used for connecting a remote transmission device of the plunger 5, the third interface 103 of the control gauge outfit 1 is used for connecting the first interface 401 of the magnetic valve of the electromagnetic valve 4, and the fourth interface 104 of the control gauge outfit 1 is used for connecting the second interface 202 reaching the sensor 2; the sensing first interface 201 of the sensor 2 is used for measuring the pressure of the oil pressure in real time; the membrane valve interface 301 of the pneumatic membrane valve 3 is connected with the magnetic valve second interface 402 of the electromagnetic valve 4; the third port 403 of the magnetic valve of the electromagnetic valve 4 is connected with the gas source after the liquid separation and the decompression of the gas production tree sleeve.
The control gauge outfit 1 is used for collecting oil pressure in real time, carrying out data calculation in real time to judge whether the liquid column arrives, judging whether the plunger arrives, sending instructions to the ACF two-phase flow meter, collecting data of the flow meter and the like. The function of the ACF two-phase flow flowmeter is to meter accumulated liquid and accumulated gas according to the instruction sent by the plunger reaching sensor
The well plunger control system judges the arrival time of a liquid column by utilizing the standard deviation analysis of oil pressure, and comprises the following judging steps:
a1 Continuously collecting and recording oil pressure data (sample oil pressure value);
a2 Standard deviation calculation is carried out on recorded oil pressure data samples, and the real-time collected oil pressure value is compared with the sample oil pressure average value;
a3 Calculating whether the standard deviation value is larger than a preset threshold value or not, and calculating whether the real-time oil pressure value is larger than a sample oil pressure average value or not;
specifically, the standard deviation is the degree of dispersion for analyzing the data distribution, and the larger the data distribution is, the larger the calculated standard deviation value is, and as shown in fig. 6, the larger the numerical variation of the oil pressure is after the well is opened, the larger the calculated standard deviation value is.
A4 When the calculated standard deviation value is larger than a preset threshold value and the real-time oil pressure value is larger than the sample oil pressure average value, the system judges that the liquid column arrives;
specifically, a reasonable standard deviation threshold is determined according to a large amount of experimental data, and when the standard deviation value and the value obtained by comparing the oil pressure value acquired in real time with the sample oil pressure average value are both larger than the set standard deviation threshold, the hydraulic pressure reaches the wellhead.
A5 If the calculated standard deviation value is smaller than the preset threshold value or the real-time oil pressure value is smaller than the sample oil pressure average value, the step A1 is skipped.
It should be noted that the judging step further includes: at the beginning of well opening, the system collects oil pressure value in real time and compares with the sample oil pressure average value, and when the standard deviation value is monitored to be larger than the preset threshold value and the real-time collected oil pressure value is monitored to be larger than the sample oil pressure average value, the system can judge the arrival time of the liquid column.
It should be further noted that the control system of the present invention is realized by the following steps:
the plunger control gauge outfit 1 controls the well opening according to the set production system or the oil pressure data acquired by the arrival sensor 2, at the moment, the plunger lifts the liquid column slowly under the high pressure of the casing pressure, the arrival sensor 2 acquires the oil pressure in real time to calculate the standard deviation and the comparison between the oil pressure and the sample oil pressure average value so as to judge whether the hydraulic pressure reaches the wellhead; at the same time, the plunger control gauge outfit 1 starts to count the plunger rising time
Further, when it is judged that the liquid is really arriving at the wellhead, the arrival sensor 2 sends a liquid accumulation instruction to the ACF two-phase flow meter, and the ACF two-phase flow meter stops gas accumulation metering and starts liquid accumulation metering.
Further, when the arrival sensor 2 detects that the plunger arrives at the wellhead, the arrival sensor 2 sends a command to the ACF two-phase flow meter, the ACF two-phase flow meter resumes the gas metering, and the liquid metering is stopped. At the same time, the plunger control gauge outfit 1 stops timing the plunger rising time and starts timing the plunger freewheel time;
further, after the plunger control gauge outfit 1 closes the well according to the set production system or the oil pressure data acquired by the sensor 2, the plunger control gauge outfit 1 stops timing the plunger freewheel time; the plunger falls down to wait for the next well opening to drain and produce gas.
The actual working process is shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8.
In fig. 6, the oil jacket pressure is reduced as the plunger well is opened. After a period of time, the oil pressure slowly drops to be stable, at this time, the plunger 5 is in the lifting stage, when the plunger 5 lifts the liquid injection to reach the wellhead, the oil pressure is increased due to the throttling effect of the lubricator and the pneumatic diaphragm valve 3, the oil pressure is continuously increased until the plunger 5 reaches the wellhead, and at this time, the plunger lifts the liquid column to be completely discharged.
In fig. 7, the plunger system continuously collects oil pressure, and standard deviation analysis is performed on collected data (referred to as a sample), and the larger the oil pressure change, the larger the standard deviation value. When the liquid column reaches the top, the standard deviation is increased due to the increase of the oil pressure, and the arrival time of the liquid column can be judged by reasonably setting the standard deviation threshold. In the initial stage of well opening, the oil pressure shows a larger descending trend, the standard deviation caused by the oil pressure is larger, a mode of comparing the real-time collected oil pressure value with the sample oil pressure average value is introduced, and when the standard deviation value is detected to be larger than the threshold value, if the real-time collected oil pressure value is larger than the sample oil pressure average value, the arrival time of the liquid column can be judged. The noise influence caused by the problems of the accuracy and the stability of the pressure sensor can be effectively avoided by adopting the dual judgment of the standard deviation and the oil pressure comparison value.
In fig. 8, an ACF two-phase flow meter is used to integrate a gas-liquid two-phase measurement algorithm model inside by using the measurement principle that a differential pressure is generated by fluid passing through a throttling element. When the liquid column arrives, the plunger controller sends a command to the flowmeter to instruct the flowmeter to start metering the liquid phase flow, and when the plunger arrives at the top, i.e. the liquid column is completely removed, the plunger controller sends a command to the flowmeter to resume metering the gas phase flow.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A control method of a plunger control system for a well is characterized in that the arrival time of a liquid column is judged by utilizing standard deviation analysis of oil pressure, and the control method comprises the following judging steps:
a1 Continuously collecting and recording oil pressure data;
a2 Standard deviation calculation is carried out on the recorded oil pressure data sample, and comparison calculation is carried out on the oil pressure value acquired in real time and the average value of the oil pressure sample;
a3 Calculating whether the standard deviation value is larger than a preset threshold value or not, and calculating whether the real-time oil pressure value is larger than a sample oil pressure average value or not;
a4 When the calculated standard deviation value is larger than a preset threshold value and the real-time oil pressure value is larger than the sample oil pressure average value, the system judges that the liquid column arrives;
a5 When the calculated standard deviation value is smaller than a preset threshold value or the real-time oil pressure value is smaller than the sample oil pressure average value, jumping to the step A1);
the method is based on a plunger control system comprising a control gauge head (1) controlling opening and closing of a well according to various production regimes, an arrival sensor (2) for acquiring oil pressure in real time, a pneumatic membrane valve (3) for performing opening and closing of a well, a solenoid valve (4) for controlling the pneumatic membrane valve (3), wherein:
the meter head first interface (101) of the control meter head (1) is a reserved interface for installing a corresponding plug, the meter head second interface (102) of the control meter head (1) is used for being connected with a remote transmission device of the plunger (5), the meter head third interface (103) of the control meter head (1) is used for being connected with the magnetic valve first interface (401) of the electromagnetic valve (4), and the meter head fourth interface (104) of the control meter head (1) is used for being connected with the sensing second interface (202) reaching the sensor (2); the first sensing interface (201) of the arrival sensor (2) is used for measuring the pressure of oil pressure in real time; the film valve interface (301) of the pneumatic film valve (3) is connected with the magnetic valve second interface (402) of the electromagnetic valve (4); and a magnetic valve third interface (403) of the electromagnetic valve (4) is connected with a gas source after liquid separation and decompression of the gas production tree sleeve.
2. The method of controlling a well plunger control system as set forth in claim 1, further comprising an ACF two-phase flow meter mounted on the tubing downstream of the shut-in valve and upstream of the outlet valve.
3. A control method of a well plunger control system according to claim 2, characterized in that the control gauge head (1) is mounted at the casing pressure end of the gas production tree by means of a pressure taking flange.
4. A control method of a well plunger control system according to claim 3, characterized in that the arrival sensor (2) is mounted in a position below the lubricator (6).
5. A control method of a well plunger control system according to claim 4, characterized in that the pneumatic diaphragm valve (3) is mounted upstream of the gas production tree needle valve.
6. A control method of a well plunger control system according to claim 5, characterized in that the electromagnetic valve (4) is arranged behind the relevant device for the sub-hydraulic decompression of the pressure end of the gas production tree.
7. The method of controlling a well plunger control system according to claim 1, wherein the judging step further comprises: at the beginning of well opening, the system collects oil pressure value in real time and compares with the sample oil pressure average value, and when the standard deviation value is monitored to be larger than the preset threshold value and the real-time collected oil pressure value is monitored to be larger than the sample oil pressure average value, the system can judge the arrival time of the liquid column.
CN201811297613.0A 2018-11-02 2018-11-02 Control method of well plunger control system Active CN109209304B (en)

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CN110984909B (en) * 2019-11-21 2022-02-18 西安安森智能仪器股份有限公司 Automatic anti-freezing method and system for natural gas wellhead external pipeline
CN110878689A (en) * 2019-11-21 2020-03-13 西安安森智能仪器股份有限公司 Gas-liquid metering method and system for well plunger gas lift device
US11459862B2 (en) 2020-01-31 2022-10-04 Silverwell Technology Ltd. Well operation optimization
CN112943179B (en) * 2021-01-14 2023-04-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Plunger gas lift production system optimization control method

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