CN109207758A - A kind of Al alloy parts melt casting process - Google Patents
A kind of Al alloy parts melt casting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109207758A CN109207758A CN201811224449.0A CN201811224449A CN109207758A CN 109207758 A CN109207758 A CN 109207758A CN 201811224449 A CN201811224449 A CN 201811224449A CN 109207758 A CN109207758 A CN 109207758A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
Abstract
A kind of Al alloy parts melting and casting method, include the steps that melting-it is concise-degasification slagging-off-assembling die-casting-demoulding-heat treatment-processing, wherein pass through the setting of rotary blowing in degasification slagging-off, the pin hole for preparing Al alloy parts can be reduced, improve its air-tightness, the quality for guaranteeing cast aluminium alloy gold, improves the end-use properties of its product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical fields of metal casting, more particularly, to a kind of Al alloy parts melt casting process.
Background technique
Aluminium is the highest metallic element of content in the earth's crust, aluminium alloy due to light weight, thermal conductivity is good, ductility is good,
A series of excellent characteristics such as intensity height, excellent corrosion resistance, as non-ferrous metal structural material, mechanical engineering, derived energy chemical,
It has been widely applied in the various industries of modernization constructions such as control equipment, house property building, has especially been carried out in energy-saving and emission-reduction
During light-weighted, aluminium alloy has irreplaceable role.
Since the chemical property of aluminium is more active.In the preparation process of aluminium alloy, easily occur with aqueous vapor in fusion process
Reaction, aoxidizes and inhales hydrogen.Gas componant in molten aluminum is mainly hydrogen (accounting for about 80%~90%), remaining be nitrogen, oxygen and
Carbon monoxide etc..The hydrogen about 90% being dissolved in molten aluminum is state of atom.Hydrogen is molten from liquid to solid saturation in aluminium alloy
Xie Du differs 17 times.In process of setting, hydrogen is just inclined to and escapes with from melt, forms bubble, frequently results in casting generation
The metallurgical castings defect such as shrinkage porosite, stomata, shrinkage cavity, reduce significantly the tension stress of cast alloy materials, elastoplasticity, ductility,
The performances such as stress fatigue, hot tearing sensibility.
In order to reduce influence of the gas content excessively high in aluminum melt to final ingot quality, usually pass through molten aluminium alloy
Carry out degassing and purifying treatment.Obviously, advanced degasification technology improves the final of its product for the quality of guarantee cast aluminium alloy gold
Service performance has very important significance.
Rotating and puffing argon method is a kind of absorption refining degasification method, passes through rotary head for inert gas (such as nitrogen, argon gas)
It is passed into inside aluminum melt, the hydrogen in melt diffuses into popularity bubble under the action of partial pressure difference, and with bubble floating and is discharged, and reaches
To the purpose of degasification.While bubble takes away hydrogen due to dissolution during floating, while physical absorption can be passed through
Effect absorption is mingled with, to remove field trash, degasification removal of impurities gets both.For the single purifying functions of other methods, rotation
Turn blowing can the removal of impurities of dehydrogenation simultaneously, and environmental pollution is small, so that very extensive in industrial application.
Rotating and puffing argon method degassing effect depends on bubble and is melting in the degree that is uniformly dispersed, the size of bubble, bubble of melt
Residence time etc. in body.Bubble is smaller, the more disperse the more uniform, ascent rate is slower, then hydrogen degassing efficiency is better.In addition, aluminium closes
Golden melt has certain viscosity, and Argon Bubble precipitation needs to overcome certain resistance, is precipitated needs certain time completely, need quiet
Degassing effect is better after setting a period of time;However time of repose is unsuitable too long, because gas and fusant reaction are one when standing
Dynamic process.Gas is precipitated with inert gas in melt, while liquid metal absorbs vapor in the atmosphere and reacts, after
Continuous to form hydrogen, dehydrogenation purification process is actually dirt by dehydrogenation purification process inside molten aluminum and molten aluminum surface oxidation-suction hydrogen process
Dye process is formed, and as time of repose increases, vapor is reacted with aluminum melt, is reacted hydrogen generated by absorption and is expanded
Molten people's aluminum melt is dissipated, causes the hydrogen-sucking amount in aluminum melt to be greater than dehydrogenation purge amount inside aluminum melt, leads to the hydrogen-sucking amount of aluminum melt
Increase.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of Al alloy parts melt casting process, can enable aluminum alloy to rotation spray during melting and casting
Bubble when blow-out gas becomes smaller, and evenly dispersed, while having suction hydrogen of the sufficiently long time of repose without will lead to melt
Amount increases.
As one aspect of the present invention, Al alloy parts melting and casting method is provided, includes the following steps: that (1) will be pure
The aluminium ingot of degree >=99.9%, which is placed in smelting furnace, is heated to 660 DEG C~670 DEG C fusings, and it is intermediate to be warming up to 720 DEG C~730 DEG C additions
Alloying metal melts, and obtains alloy molten solution;(2) melt in smelting furnace is transferred in standing furnace and is refined, be warming up to 740
DEG C~780 DEG C after flux is added, aluminium alloy is stirred, is purified;(3) melt after refining is subjected to degasification slagging-off;(4) it fills
With mold, by mold preheating temperature to 300 DEG C;(5) aluminum alloy melt after cleaning is subjected to continuous casting, cast temperature control exists
690 ~ 700 DEG C, workpiece after being cast is carried out using horizontal casting mode;(6) after demoulding, workpiece be heat-treated strong
Change;(7) workpiece is machined and is surface-treated, ultimately form the workpiece of needs;It include as follows in the step (3)
Step: (3.1) are passed through inert gas into standing furnace, and air therein is discharged;(3.2) standing furnace is closed, by above melt
Gas input passage so that the air pressure in standing furnace is in high pressure conditions to high-pressure inert gas is passed through above melt;(3.3)
The melt in standing furnace is heated, its temperature is made to be greater than threshold temperature;(3.4) indifferent gas is passed through below melt by rotary nozzle
Body carries out bottom blowoff;(3.4) after specific time, temperature is reduced to placing temperature;(3.5) it is discharged by exhaust outlet quiet
Set the high-pressure inert gas in furnace;(3.6) aluminium slag that goalkeeper floats in aluminum alloy melt surface of skimming is opened to clean out;(3.7)
In aluminum alloy melt surface, covering oxidant layer is set.
Preferably, the threshold temperature is greater than 800 degree.
Preferably, the specific time is greater than 30 minutes.
Preferably, the pressure of the high-pressure inert gas is greater than three times atmospheric pressure.
Preferably, in the step (2), the solvent includes potassium chloride and/or magnesium chloride.
Preferably, intermediate alloy metal described in the step (1) includes aluminium copper-manganese or magnalium copper etc..
Preferably, the inert gas is nitrogen or argon gas.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of technical solution of the present invention, embodiment will be used simply to be situated between the present invention below
Continue, it should be apparent that, be described below in be only one embodiment of the present of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art come
It says, without any creative labor, other technical solutions can also be obtained according to these embodiments, also belonged to
Disclosure of the invention range.
The Al alloy parts melting and casting method of the embodiment of the present invention, can reduce the pin hole for preparing Al alloy parts, mention
Its high air-tightness obtains premium casting, include the following steps: melting-it is concise-degasification slagging-off-assembling die-casting-demoulding-heat
Processing-processing.
In fusion process, the content of each ingredient in aluminium alloy is determined according to the requirement of casting workpiece, first by purity >=
99.9% aluminium ingot, which is placed in smelting furnace, is heated to 660 DEG C~670 DEG C fusings, is warming up to 720 DEG C~730 DEG C addition intermediate alloys
Metal melt obtains molten aluminium alloy;Wherein, intermetallic metal can be aluminium copper-manganese or magnalium copper etc..
The molten aluminium alloy that melting middle in smelting furnace obtains is transferred in standing furnace and is refined, by molten aluminium alloy temperature
740 DEG C~780 DEG C are increased to, flux is added, molten aluminium alloy is stirred, is purified, removes oxide and nocuousness in alloy
Gas;The solvent may include potassium chloride and/or magnesium chloride, can be used for example 2~6% using potassium chloride-magnesium chloride as base
The solvent of plinth ingredient.Further, in order to avoid molten aluminium alloy oxidation, covering can be uniformly sprinkled on melt when concise
Agent avoids liquid metals exposed and aoxidizes.
Degasification slagging-off is carried out for the molten aluminium alloy after concise, it is lazy to include the following steps: that (3.1) are passed through into standing furnace
Property gas, is discharged air therein;If setting covering oxidant layer needs elder generation before being passed through inert gas on solution when concise
Clear up the covering oxidant layer on solution;(3.2) standing furnace is closed, it is logical to melt top by the gas input passage above melt
Enter high-pressure inert gas, the air pressure in standing furnace is made to be in high pressure conditions, which, which can be, is greater than three times atmospheric pressure, makes
Pressure in standing furnace inside aluminum alloy melt increases, so that the bubble volume for the inert gas being sparged into inside melt reduces;
(3.3) melt in standing furnace is heated, so that its temperature is greater than threshold temperature, which, which can be, is greater than 800 DEG C;
(3.4) inert gas is passed through below melt by rotary nozzle and carries out bottom blowoff, after inert gas is passed through melt, in melt
Hydrogen popularity bubble is diffused under the action of partial pressure difference, and with bubble floating and be discharged;Inert gas can be argon gas or nitrogen
Gas;(3.5) since air and water vapour being not present above melt, molten aluminum surface oxidation-suction hydrogen process is not present, can will melt
The body standing sufficiently long time carries out dehydrogenation purification process inside molten aluminum sufficiently, such as 30 after sufficiently long specific time
After minute, temperature is reduced to placing temperature;Preferably, the absorption in order to avoid the hydrogen of precipitation on molten aluminum surface, in step
(3.5) intermittent above melt in degassing procedure air inlet and exhaust outlet can be opened in, being passed through high-pressure inert gas will
Standing furnace is discharged in the hydrogen of precipitation;(3.6) high-pressure inert gas in standing furnace is discharged by exhaust outlet;(3.7) it opens and skims
Goalkeeper floats on the aluminium slag in aluminum alloy melt surface and cleans out;(3.8) covering oxidant layer is set in aluminum alloy melt surface.
Before aluminium alloy solution casting, assembling die is needed, by mold preheating temperature to 300 DEG C;By aluminium alloy after cleaning
Liquid carries out continuous casting, and cast temperature is controlled at 690 ~ 700 DEG C, cast using horizontal casting mode, and aluminum alloy melt enters
In the type chamber of mold, solidification cooling is then begun to, is demoulded after cooling time to be achieved.After demoulding, workpiece is subjected to hot place
Reason is strengthened, and keeps interior tissue distribution more uniform, and the microstress and machining after elimination or reduction quenching in workpiece are remaining
Stress.Then, workpiece is machined and is surface-treated, eliminated surface defect and stress is concentrated, ultimately form needs
Workpiece.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment,
All technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention should be regarded as falling into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of Al alloy parts melting and casting method includes the following steps: that the aluminium ingot of purity >=99.9% is placed on melting by (1)
It is heated to 660 DEG C~670 DEG C fusings in furnace, is warming up to 720 DEG C~730 DEG C addition intermediate alloy metal melts, it is molten to obtain alloy
Liquid;(2) melt in smelting furnace is transferred in standing furnace and is refined, flux is added after being warming up to 740 DEG C~780 DEG C, it is right
Aluminium alloy is stirred, purifies;(3) melt after refining is subjected to degasification slagging-off;(4) assembling die, by mold preheating temperature
To 300 DEG C;(5) aluminum alloy melt after cleaning is subjected to continuous casting, cast temperature is controlled at 690 ~ 700 DEG C, cast using level
Mode carries out workpiece after being cast;(6) after demoulding, workpiece is subjected to heat treatment reinforcement;(7) is carried out to workpiece mechanical add
Work and surface treatment ultimately form the workpiece of needs;It is characterized by: including the following steps: (3.1) in the step (3)
It is passed through inert gas into standing furnace, air therein is discharged;(3.2) standing furnace is closed, is inputted by the gas above melt
Channel is passed through high-pressure inert gas to melt top, the air pressure in standing furnace is made to be in high pressure conditions;(3.3) standing furnace is heated
In melt, make its temperature be greater than threshold temperature;(3.4) inert gas is passed through below melt by rotary nozzle and carries out furnace bottom
It blows down;(3.4) after specific time, temperature is reduced to placing temperature;(3.5) height in standing furnace is discharged by exhaust outlet
Press inert gas;(3.6) aluminium slag that goalkeeper floats in aluminum alloy melt surface of skimming is opened to clean out;(3.7) in aluminum alloy melt
Surface setting covering oxidant layer.
2. Al alloy parts melting and casting method according to claim 1: it is characterized by: the threshold temperature be greater than
800 degree.
3. Al alloy parts melting and casting method according to claim 2: it is characterized by: in the step (2), it is described
Solvent includes potassium chloride/magnesium chloride.
4. Al alloy parts casting method according to claim 3: it is characterized by: intermediate described in the step (1)
Alloying metal includes aluminium copper-manganese or magnalium copper etc..
5. Al alloy parts melting and casting method according to claim 4: it is characterized by: the inert gas is nitrogen
Or argon gas.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113699396A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-26 | 青岛理工大学 | Thermomechanical treatment method for preparing high-strength and high-corrosion-resistance Al-Mg-Zn aluminum alloy in short process |
CN114410992A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-04-29 | 南通宝恒工贸有限公司 | Smelting and casting method of aluminum alloy |
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