CN109202543A - A kind of processing of high-precision straight sword cutter flank and grinding method - Google Patents
A kind of processing of high-precision straight sword cutter flank and grinding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109202543A CN109202543A CN201711256255.4A CN201711256255A CN109202543A CN 109202543 A CN109202543 A CN 109202543A CN 201711256255 A CN201711256255 A CN 201711256255A CN 109202543 A CN109202543 A CN 109202543A
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- axis
- angle
- rotation
- cutter
- grinding
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B3/00—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools
- B24B3/60—Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools of tools not covered by the preceding subgroups
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of processing of high-precision straight sword cutter flank and grinding methods.The cutter for being θ for cone angle, is installed on the tool grinder lathe axis of rotation, rotary oscillation axis；Pitch axis is lifted again；Adjust rotation Shaft angle, rake face is evened up in x-axis direction, will at this time axis of rotation angle as benchmark；It by algorithm or tables look-up to obtain axis of rotation rotational angle, and according to the angular turn axis of rotation；Mobile x-axis is ground flank, and cutter and grinding plan range is gradually reduced until rake face intersects with grinding plane and generates complete blade；The axis of rotation is gradually rotated forward, and mobile x-axis is ground.The operating procedure of this method is simple, and convenient for promoting, and it is equal with cutter cone angle and relief angle with pitching Shaft angle to swing Shaft angle, and only axis of rotation angle is needed to table inquiry, is easily reduced operator in operating mistake rate, very practical.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to product processing technique field, specifically a kind of high-precision straight sword cutter flank is processed and is repaired
Mill method.
Background technique
Orifice chamfer is the common technology in process, but for some special holes, such as certain steering engine plug hole
Chamfering is 90 ° ± 15 ', is up and down PRECISION HOLE (as shown in Figure 1), and required chamfering scraper belongs to typical conical straight knife
Tool, shape is relatively easy, required precision is high, but is not belonging to Common Use Tools, needs to decide through consultation to cutting tool factory and do, expensive.For
The cutter of abrasion carries out reconditioning without special knife sharpener in the market.
The cutter usually utilizes tool grinder lathe, on the circular cone for meeting cone angle required precision, is processed by grinding method
Rake face and flank out, wherein rake face was necessarily the plane of circular cone axis, can easily be added in tool grinder lathe
Work.But in flank process, to guarantee circular cone precision, blade is had to be perfectly parallel in grinding plane.Due to tool grinder
Three shafts of lathe are not parallel with blade, and three shafts need to cooperate rotation, and usual method is that rotary shaft is rotated to be to cone
The general degree at angle, pitch axis select certain angle to fix, and by carrying out trial cut in flank, gradually adjust rotation shaft angle
Degree, keeps grinding trace parallel with blade, and the distance for then adjusting blade and grinding plane carries out flank processing.Work as tool wear
Afterwards, reconditioning is carried out to flank by same method.
The Adjustment precision of the method axis of rotation operates level by operator completely and determines, especially after tool wear, knife
Sword is destroyed, and has part edges deviation theory position, and the precision of this method will receive strong influence.And in adjustment knife
Tool and cutting plane apart from when hypotelorism, or adjustment rotation angle when adjust it is excessive, often further destroy cutting edge, sternly
Will lead to cutter when weight can not be repaired.Problem above, which also leads to operator in operation, can tend to be conservative, and adjustment process is very slow,
It usually requires 20 minutes, and adjusting the angle generally can be less than normal.Therefore flank is processed by this method, precision and effect
Rate is undesirable.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of telescopic barred body resistance to sliding measuring devices of big L/D ratio.This hair
The bright measurement for cylinder separation resistance and closure-resistive value inside and outside the telescopic barred body of big L/D ratio provides a kind of practicable
Method.Realize the real time on-line monitoring of the telescopic barred body product resistance to sliding value of big L/D ratio.It realizes to big L/D ratio set
Inside and outside cartridge type barred body when cylinder relative rotation, the monitoring of torque value.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention specifically:
A kind of processing of high-precision straight sword cutter flank and grinding method, comprising the following steps:
1) prepare outfit grinding machine tool, which need to have swing, pitching, rotation three mutually orthogonal turns
Axis, and the axis of rotation is moved with pitch axis, pitch axis is moved with swinging axle；Outfit grinding machine tool need to have X-axis and Y-axis；
2) cutter for being θ for cone angle, is installed on the tool grinder lathe axis of rotation, rotary oscillation axis makes cutter shaft and cuts
The face of scabbling anglePitch axis is lifted β degree again, and (β is equal to relief angle α0)；Wherein, α is cutter shaft angle of oscillation, and θ is cutter cone angle；
3) adjust rotation Shaft angle, rake face is evened up in x-axis direction, will at this time axis of rotation angle as benchmark；
4) pass through algorithm or table look-up to obtain axis of rotation rotational angle, and according to the angular turn axis of rotation；
5) mobile x-axis is ground flank, and cutter and grinding plan range is gradually reduced, until rake face and grinding
Plane intersection, generates complete blade；
6) axis of rotation is gradually rotated forward, and mobile x-axis is ground.
Further, above-mentioned steps 4) in axis of rotation rotational angle algorithm it is as follows:
A) angle of oscillation is equal to the half of cutter cone angle；
B) the normal vector n1 of rake face when evening up rake face is calculated；
Normal vector n2 where rake face when c) calculating grinding flank；
D) angle between normal vector n1 and normal vector n2 is rotation Shaft angle.
Further, rotation Shaft angle and tool clearance can be made according to the axis of rotation rotational angle algorithm in advance
Corresponding table, the foundation of tabling look-up as rotation autobiography shaft angle degree.
Due to precision in existing flank process and efficiency is undesirable results from trial cut process, purport of the present invention
Iing is proposed a kind of improvement project for abandoning trial cut process completely.The program, by space geometry operation, is obtained on the basis of blade
The relationship of three shaft rotary corners and tool clearance of tool grinding machine tool out, and table is made in common angle.Flank process
The cutting edge influenced vulnerable to abrasion is abandoned, and using the rake face of hardly frayed influence as benchmark, and only need to be in x-axis direction
It carries out evening up centering, by tabling look-up three shaft rotary corners needed for obtaining tool grinder lathe, and rotates corresponding shaft, Ji Kekai
The grinding or reconditioning of beginning flank.
The method achieve the processing and reconditioning to high-precision straight sword cutter flank, completely eliminate trial cut process and its institute
Caused by error.With relief angle for 10 °, for the scraper that cone angle is 90 °, when operator operates axis of rotation precision in ± 0.5 °
When (most lathes can meet), final angle error can guarantee within ± 3.8 '.The method will adjust process simultaneously
It is reduced within 1 minute, precision and efficiency are all greatly improved, and operating process is very simple, are conducive to technology
It promotes.
Through the above steps it is found that the cutter adjustment time of new method is substantially all is determined by evening up rake face x-axis direction,
This operation is the basic capacity of machining personnel, therefore adjustment time can be foreshortened within 1 minute by 20 minutes.
This method has thoroughly abandoned the trial cut process for being easy to produce error, and using rake face as benchmark rather than is ground
Sword avoids fiducial error caused by tool wear；Using general grinding machine of universal rather than knife sharpener special, have good
Economy and replicability.
The operating procedure of this method is simple, convenient for promoting, and swing Shaft angle and pitching Shaft angle and cutter cone angle and
Relief angle is equal, and only axis of rotation angle needs to inquire table, is easily reduced operator in operating mistake rate, has very much practical
Property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, which is the present invention one, to be implemented to need processed plug hole；
Fig. 2 is one embodiment of the invention cutter and tool grinding machine swinging axle provided in an embodiment of the present invention, pitch axis, rotation axle position
It sets；
Fig. 3 calculates the present invention in X to rake face direction schematic diagram when evening up rake face；
Fig. 4 is to calculate present invention rake face direction schematic diagram when being ground flank.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the present invention be easier to be understood, technical solution of the present invention is made below in conjunction with drawings and examples
To be described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3, Figure 4, technical solution of the present invention and respective algorithms are as follows:
Step 1: the cutter for being θ for cone angle is installed on the tool grinder lathe axis of rotation, rotary oscillation axis (1) makes
Cutter shaft and cutting plane anglePitch axis (2), which is lifted β degree, again (has hereafter it is found that β is equal to relief angle α0)。
Step 2: length is longer along the x-axis direction for rake face at this time, therefore cutter moves along the x-axis direction, and the adjustment axis of rotation is used
Dial gauge table point evens up rake face, and will at this time axis of rotation angle as 0 ° of axis of rotation benchmark.
When cutter diameter is at 5 or less Φ, scraper rake face is smaller, and the gauge head of dial gauge configuration is larger not to be available.With
The old screw tap pommel of M6 wears into 60 ° of cones, and then the dial indicator measuring head of centering is removed, by old screw tap on dial gauge,
With cone one end come centering.
According to conic section knowledge it is found that rake face necessarily crosses axis if outputing the straight sword that anterior angle is 90 ° on circular cone
Line.Therefore generating tool axis vector lzFor (cos β cosa, cos β sina, sin β), the straight line vector that dial gauge passes through on rake face is
(1,0,0), as shown in Figure 4.L at this timez× (1,0,0) and by its it is unitization be rake face normal vector lq1。
Step 3: rotating forward γ degree for the axis of rotation (3) at this time, and negative value is reversion (can table look-up or be calculated using software),
Blade can be made parallel with grinding plane.So far the adjustment process of cutting-tool angle is just completed.
Blade vector l at this time can be setrForVector lz,lrBetween angle
I.e.L can be obtained by solving quadratic equationr1, lr2, wherein | a | biggish and required vector.lz
×lrAnd by its it is unitization be rake face normal vector l at this timeq2, since known rake face passes through cutter shaft lr, so lq1With lq2It
Between angle be exactly corner γ needed for the axis of rotation.
For pyramid type straight sword cutter, rake face is cutter basal plane Pr, and grinding plane Z0X is flank, cutting edge lr
With rake face normal vector lq2The plane of composition is tool major cutting edge plane Ps.By solid geometry knowledge it is found that rake face and flank it
Between the complementary angle of angle be tool clearance α0=90 °-< lq2, (0,1,0) >, and be computed and find that this relief angle is equal to pitch angle β.
Step 4: mobile x-axis is ground flank, cutter and grinding plan range is gradually reduced, until rake face
Intersect with grinding plane, generates complete blade.
Step 5: gradually rotating forward the axis of rotation (3), and mobile x-axis is ground, it is therefore an objective to guarantee that cutting edge is cutter highest
The distance of point, point to workpiece surface in flank increases with the distance away from cutting edge and is increased, remaining point is away from keeping away from workpiece
Surface distance is farthest.
Since flank is with plane, machined surface is a circular conical surface when cutting, therefore the point in flank is to having added
The distance on work surface is with the increase first increases and then decreases away from cutting edge distance.Having a line in flank is that extreme value is first, vertical
On the face of cutter shaft, point is nearest away from cutter shaft distance on the line, farthest away from machined surface distance.To guarantee to arrive machined surface
Distance increases or remains unchanged always with the increase away from cutting edge distance, only need to gradually rotate forward the axis of rotation, and mobile x-axis at this time
Carrying out grinding can meet the requirements.
Through the above steps it is found that the cutter adjustment time of new method is substantially all is determined by evening up rake face x-axis direction,
This operation is the basic capacity of machining personnel, therefore adjustment time can be foreshortened within 1 minute by 20 minutes.
This method has thoroughly abandoned the trial cut process for being easy to produce error, and using rake face as benchmark rather than is ground
Sword avoids fiducial error caused by tool wear；Using general grinding machine of universal rather than knife sharpener special, have good
Economy and replicability.
Technical solution of the present invention is further described in conjunction with a specific embodiment below:
When processing certain steering engine shell, 45 ° of the scraping plug hole conical surface is needed.This conical surface drawing requirement is stringent, is 45 ° 15 ',
Surface roughness is Ra0.8, and top plug hole is PRECISION HOLE, therefore to the scraper of this chamfering of scraping, it is desirable that it is very strict, it must
It must be sharpened on tool grinder lathe, just can guarantee requirement.
Scraper needed for the technique is typical cone straight sword cutter, and cone angle is 90 °, and required relief angle is 10 °, procedure of processing are as follows:
Step 1, be installed on the tool grinder lathe axis of rotation, rotary oscillation axis make cutter shaft and cutting plane angle α=
45°；Pitch axis is lifted 10 ° again.
Step 2, cutter moves along the x-axis direction, adjusts the axis of rotation, evens up rake face with dial gauge table point.
Step 3, tabling look-up to obtain the axis of rotation at this time needs -5.7 ° of rotation, inverts 5.7 ° of the axis of rotation, locks the axis of rotation.
Step 4, mobile x-axis is ground flank, and cutter and grinding plan range is gradually reduced, until rake face with
It is ground plane intersection, generates complete blade.
Step 5, the axis of rotation is unlocked, gradually rotates forward the axis of rotation, and mobile x-axis is ground.
Step 6, it repeats above step and is ground other cutting edge flanks.
You need to add is that according to the present invention the axis of rotation rotational angle algorithm can be made in advance rotation Shaft angle and
The correspondence table (such as following table) of tool clearance, the foundation of tabling look-up as rotation autobiography shaft angle degree.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its
Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of high-precision straight sword cutter flank processing and grinding method, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) prepare outfit grinding machine tool, which need to have three swing, pitching, rotation mutually orthogonal shafts,
And the axis of rotation is moved with pitch axis, pitch axis is moved with swinging axle；Outfit grinding machine tool need to have X-axis and Y-axis；
2) cutter for being θ for cone angle, is installed on the tool grinder lathe axis of rotation, and rotary oscillation axis keeps cutter shaft and cutting flat
Face angle；Pitch axis is lifted β degree again, and (β is equal to relief angle α0)；Wherein, α is cutter shaft angle of oscillation, and θ is cutter cone angle；
3) adjust rotation Shaft angle, rake face is evened up in x-axis direction, will at this time axis of rotation angle as benchmark；
4) pass through algorithm or table look-up to obtain axis of rotation rotational angle, and according to the angular turn axis of rotation；
5) mobile x-axis is ground flank, and cutter and grinding plan range is gradually reduced, until rake face and grinding plane
Intersection, generates complete blade；
6) axis of rotation is gradually rotated forward, and mobile x-axis is ground.
2. high-precision straight sword cutter flank processing according to claim 1 and grinding method, it is characterised in that step 4)
Middle axis of rotation rotational angle algorithm is as follows:
A) angle of oscillation is equal to the half of cutter cone angle；
B) the normal vector n1 of rake face when evening up rake face is calculated；
Normal vector n2 where rake face when c) calculating grinding flank；
D) angle between normal vector n1 and normal vector n2 is rotation Shaft angle.
3. high-precision straight sword cutter flank processing according to claim 2 and grinding method, it is characterised in that: according to institute
The correspondence table that rotation Shaft angle and tool clearance is made in axis of rotation rotational angle algorithm in advance is stated, as rotation autobiography shaft angle degree
It tables look-up foundation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711256255.4A CN109202543A (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2017-12-03 | A kind of processing of high-precision straight sword cutter flank and grinding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711256255.4A CN109202543A (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2017-12-03 | A kind of processing of high-precision straight sword cutter flank and grinding method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109202543A true CN109202543A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711256255.4A Pending CN109202543A (en) | 2017-12-03 | 2017-12-03 | A kind of processing of high-precision straight sword cutter flank and grinding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6390894B1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2002-05-21 | Derlan Aerospace Canada | Face gear manufacturing method and apparatus |
| CN202780723U (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2013-03-13 | 仇世宇 | Cutter board |
| CN205218699U (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-05-11 | 天津宝利通达刀具有限公司 | Straight sword sharpedge grinding machine |
-
2017
- 2017-12-03 CN CN201711256255.4A patent/CN109202543A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6390894B1 (en) * | 1998-12-21 | 2002-05-21 | Derlan Aerospace Canada | Face gear manufacturing method and apparatus |
| CN202780723U (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2013-03-13 | 仇世宇 | Cutter board |
| CN205218699U (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2016-05-11 | 天津宝利通达刀具有限公司 | Straight sword sharpedge grinding machine |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 马爽等: "高精度圆锥倒角刀后刀面修磨方法改进", 《航空精密制造技术》 * |
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Application publication date: 20190115 |
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