CN109192368A - 核电站bop系统用低压仪表电缆及生产方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆及生产方法,包括若干缆芯,以及由内到外依次套设在缆芯外侧的包带层、第一屏蔽层和保护层,所述缆芯包括若干对绞线组,每个对绞线组包括至少两根对绞的绝缘线芯,每个绝缘线芯包括导体、耐火层和挤包在耐火层外的双层共挤异质绝缘层,所述对绞的绝缘线芯外侧绕包聚酯带和第二屏蔽层,第二屏蔽层内设置有引流线,本发明结构紧凑、稳定性好,护套层采用无卤低烟、耐辐照性交联聚烯烃,耐辐照性能及机械性能优良。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆及生产方法。
背景技术
二十一世纪,发展中国家人口和经济的增长必将带来能源需求的巨大增加,同时,提供了目前超过80%电力的燃料也逐步耗尽,并且环保要求对燃料的使用产生了很大的限制。从保护资源,改善环境质量以及能源的可靠供应,核能具备明显的优势。
BOP即Balance Of Plant,是指核电站,除了反应堆芯(又称为核岛),水循环辅助动力系统、一回路系统、二回路系统、换热器、蒸发器、操纵组件以及其他环绕系统(中国人称为常规岛),这两个之外的部分,即BOP。BOP按照术语的解释为,辅助系统,就是除了上面部分,包括气轮机、发电机、控制室、三回路冷却系统、外部蒸发器,以及其他的辅助系统的总称。
核电站BOP系统电缆的使用寿命为60年左右,电缆具有无卤低烟阻燃、耐火、低毒、耐腐蚀、优异的电气性能及使用寿命长等性能。现有的核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆多为单层绝缘结构,电缆稳定性差,使用寿命短。少数采用了双层绝缘结构,但填充采用了非阻燃的网状撕裂纤维,阻燃性能没有保证。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述问题,提出了一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆及生产方法,本发明具有无卤低烟阻燃、耐火、低毒、耐腐蚀、优异的电气性能及使用寿命长等特点,能有效满足核电站BOP系统用电缆的使用环境。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,包括若干缆芯,以及由内到外依次套设在缆芯外侧的包带层、第一屏蔽层和保护层,所述缆芯包括若干对绞线组,每个对绞线组包括至少两根对绞的绝缘线芯,每个绝缘线芯包括导体、耐火层和挤包在耐火层外的双层共挤异质绝缘层,所述对绞的绝缘线芯外侧绕包聚酯带和第二屏蔽层,第二屏蔽层内设置有引流线。
进一步的,所述第一屏蔽层为镀锡铜丝屏蔽层,由镀锡铜丝编织而成。
进一步的,所述导体由镀锡铜丝绞合而成。
进一步的,所述耐火层由耐火云母带重叠绕包而成。
进一步的,所述双层共挤异质绝缘层由辐照交联聚乙烯内绝缘层和辐照交联无卤低烟阻燃聚烯烃外绝缘层叠加而成。
进一步的,所述保护层为电缆外护套,采用辐照交联无卤低烟阻燃聚烯烃护套料。
进一步的,所述第二屏蔽层外绕包铜塑复合带。
进一步的,所述双层共挤异质绝缘层包括内绝缘层和外绝缘层,内绝缘层和外绝缘层厚度比为1:2。
上述核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆的生产方法,包括以下步骤:在导体外进行耐火层绕包后先后进行内绝缘层和外绝缘层挤包,内绝缘层和外绝缘层辐照交联处理,形成绝缘线芯,将绝缘线芯进行对绞和绕包,铜塑复合带绕包第二屏蔽层,形成缆芯,对多个缆芯填充,成缆绕包后利用镀锡铜丝编织总屏蔽设置在缆线外侧,并进行外护套层挤包和外护套层辐照交联处理。
内绝缘层挤出采用双螺纹螺杆,外绝缘层挤出采用低压缩比螺杆,绝缘层挤出前,导体应预热到90~100℃,绝缘材料应在60±10℃烘1~2个小时,线芯采用分段式冷却,第一段冷却水温度60℃±10℃,第二段冷却水温度为常温;外护套层采用低压缩比螺杆在挤出机组上用半挤压式模具挤出,材料挤出前应60±10℃预热1~2小时,挤出后采用分段式冷却,第一段冷却水温度60±10℃,第二段冷却水温度为常温。
进一步的,成缆采用无机纸绳填充。
进一步的,导体为绞合镀锡铜材料,绞合节距为13~20倍导体外径,最外层绞向为左向,相邻层绞向相反;耐火云母带带的搭盖率控制在15%~20%。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(1)本发明结构紧凑、稳定性好,护套层采用无卤低烟、耐辐照性交联聚烯烃,耐辐照性能及机械性能优良;
(2)导体外壁采用内外双层绝缘,提高了电缆绝缘性,保证了可靠的电性能,使用过程更稳定;
(3)导体为绞合而成,导体导电性能好;
(4)辐照交联聚乙烯内绝缘层耐高温和老化,无卤低烟环保,保护线芯不受损伤、延长电力电缆使用寿命,辐照交联无卤低烟聚烯烃外绝缘层具有优异的机械性能,耐辐照性能;
(5)采用辐照交联无卤低烟聚烯烃护套料,材料经过辐照交联后形成热固性材料,保证电力电缆的使用寿命和耐γ射线的辐射性能;
(6)内外绝缘层经过双层共挤工艺加工,效率高、能耗低,避免了护套层和绝缘层间起层、起皱、脱胶和线芯与绝缘结合不紧的缺陷;
(7)生产步骤中内绝缘层和外绝缘层及护套层采用辐照交联无卤低烟,辐照交联过程中绝缘不与水分接触,进而减少了电缆因水分的掺入造成电性能问题的机率;辐照交联特别适用于生产特种电缆的生产,通过高能电子束对绝缘材料进行改性,高能射线破坏了使原来的线性C-H键,然后分子结构再进行重新组合,形成无规则的网状分子结构,提高了材料的机械物理性能和耐温性能,电性能也得到一定提高;同时,由于该材料是采用以高能电子射线对有机热塑性材料进行辐照而使其由线性高分子转变成三维立体网状交联结构;即以热塑性转化为不溶熔的热固态物质,改善和提高了物理机械性能,并且辐照交联方式可避免被化学交联破坏低烟无卤特性。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解,本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请,并不构成对本申请的不当限定。
图1为本发明选定实施例的结构示意图。
其中,1、导体;2、云母带;3、内绝缘层;4、外绝缘层;5、填充;6、包带;7、分屏蔽;8、引流线;9、包带层;10、包带层;11、总屏蔽;12、外护套;
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图与实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
需要注意的是,这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式,而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的,除非上下文另外明确指出,否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式,此外,还应当理解的是,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
在本发明中,术语如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“前”、“后”、“竖直”、“水平”、“侧”、“底”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,只是为了便于叙述本发明各部件或元件结构关系而确定的关系词,并非特指本发明中任一部件或元件,不能理解为对本发明的限制。
本发明中,术语如“固接”、“相连”、“连接”等应做广义理解,表示可以是固定连接,也可以是一体地连接或可拆卸连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的相关科研或技术人员,可以根据具体情况确定上述术语在本发明中的具体含义,不能理解为对本发明的限制。
核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,包括缆芯,缆芯由若干对绞线组,每个对绞线组由两根绝缘线芯对绞后绕包聚酯带和铜塑复合带绕包分屏蔽层,铜塑复合带内设置有引流线,及铜塑复合带绕包分屏蔽层后的绕包聚酯带组成,每个线芯包括导体、耐火层和挤包在耐火层外的双层共挤异质绝缘层,缆芯外由内到外依次是绕包聚酯带、镀锡铜丝屏蔽层、电缆外护套。
编织屏蔽层由镀锡铜丝编织而成。
导体由镀锡铜丝绞合而成。
耐火层由耐火云母带重叠绕包而成。
双层共挤异质绝缘层由辐照交联聚乙烯内绝缘层和辐照交联无卤低烟阻燃聚烯烃外绝缘层而成。
护套套采用辐照交联无卤低烟阻燃聚烯烃护套料。
电缆绝缘及护套采用辐照交联技术。
一种所述的核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆的生产方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:包括导体选料-耐火层绕包-内绝缘层和外绝缘层挤包-内绝缘层和外绝缘层辐照交联处理-对绞-绕包-铜塑复合带绕包分屏蔽-绕包-成缆-填充-成缆绕包-镀锡铜丝编织总屏蔽-外护套层挤包-外护套层辐照交联处理;内绝缘层和外绝缘层厚度比为1:2,内绝缘挤出采用普通双螺纹螺杆,外绝缘挤出采用低压缩比螺杆,绝缘层挤出前,导体应预热到90~100℃,绝缘材料应在60±10℃烘1~2个小时,线芯采用分段式冷却,第一段冷却水温度60℃±10℃,第二段冷却水温度为常温;外护套层采用低压缩比螺杆在挤出机组上用半挤压式模具挤出,材料挤出前应60±10℃预热1~2小时,挤出后采用分段式冷却,第一段冷却水温度60±10℃,第二段冷却水温度为常温。
成缆采用无机纸绳填充。
导体为绞合镀锡铜材料,绞合节距为13~20倍导体外径,最外层绞向为左向,相邻层绞向相反;云母带带搭盖率控制在15%~20%。
具体的,如图1所示,一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,包括6根导体1,导体1外重叠绕包耐火云母带2。耐火云母带2外壁挤包异质双层共挤绝缘层,两个线芯有包带层6、铜塑复合带分屏蔽层7、铜塑复合带分屏蔽层7内置铜丝引流线8、包带层9包裹在一起构成一个组合体,多个组合体经填充5、包带层10、总屏蔽11、外护套12;异质双层共挤绝缘层包括内绝缘层3和外绝缘层4,且内绝缘层2和外绝缘层3材质不同,内绝缘层3材料为交联聚乙烯材料,外绝缘层4材料为交联无卤低烟阻燃聚烯烃材料,包带层6、7、10为聚酯带,分屏蔽层采用铜塑复合带绕包而成,总屏蔽层采用镀锡铜丝编制而成,外护套层12材料为低烟无卤阻燃聚烯烃。
一种所述的核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆的生产方法,包括以下步骤:包括导体选料-耐火层绕包-内绝缘层和外绝缘层挤包-内绝缘层和外绝缘层辐照交联处理-对绞-绕包-铜塑复合带绕包分屏蔽-绕包-成缆-填充-成缆绕包-镀锡铜丝编织总屏蔽-外护套层挤包-外护套层辐照交联处理。
下面分步具体说明一下各个步骤:
导体选料:
导体为绞合镀锡铜材料,为正规绞合圆形,绞合节距为13-20倍导体外径,最外层绞向为左向,相邻层绞向相反。
耐火层绕包:
包带材料为耐火云母带,搭盖率控制在15%-20%。
内绝缘层和外绝缘层挤包:
内绝缘层和外绝缘层采用双层共挤。内绝缘采用辐照交联聚乙烯绝缘料,外绝缘采用辐照交联无卤低烟阻燃聚烯烃绝缘料。内绝缘层和外绝缘层厚度比为1:2,内绝缘挤出采用普通双螺纹螺杆,外绝缘挤出采用低压缩比螺杆,绝缘层挤出前,导体应预热到90~100℃,绝缘材料应在60±10℃烘1~2个小时,线芯采用分段式冷却,第一段冷却水温度60℃±10℃,第二段冷却水温度为常温。挤出中参考温度,温度可根据实际情况进行调整。
内绝缘层和外绝缘层辐照交联处理:
内绝缘层和外绝缘层辐照交联,负荷下伸长率范围为40%~100%。
对绞:
对绞方向为左向。本实施例中最大绞合节距应为100mm。无填充,包带采用2层聚酯带重叠绕包,搭盖率控制在15%~20%。
分屏蔽:
分屏蔽采用铜塑复合带绕包,搭盖率范围为15%~20%,铜塑复合带下放置一根标称截面为0.5mm2的铜丝引流线。
包带:
包带采用2层聚酯带重叠绕包,搭盖率控制在15%~20%。
成缆:
最外层成缆方向为右向,相邻层绞向相反。本实施例中成缆节距最大为25倍。采用无机纸绳填充,成缆包带采用2层聚酯带重叠绕包,搭盖率控制在15%~20%。
总屏蔽:
总屏蔽采用镀锡铜丝编织总屏蔽,编织密度不小于90%。
外护套层挤包:
外护套层采用低压缩比螺杆在挤出机组上用半挤压式模具挤出,材料挤出前应60±10℃预热1~2小时,挤出后采用分段式冷却,第一段冷却水温度60±10℃,第二段冷却水温度为常温。挤出中参考温度如下,温度可根据实际情况进行调整。
外护套层层辐照交联处理:
护套层辐照交联,负荷下伸长率不大于80%。
上述实施例电缆测试具有以下性能:
电缆老化前后绝缘机械性能良好,老化前抗张强度最小达到10.0N/mm2,断裂伸长率最小达到200%,老化后抗张强度、断裂伸长率变化率不超过±25%。绝缘热延伸试验载荷伸长率最大不超过175%,冷却后永久变形伸长率最大15%。
护套性能满足老化前抗张强度最小达到9.0N/mm2,断裂伸长率最小达到125%,老化后抗张强度、断裂伸长率变化率不超过±40%。热延伸试验载荷伸长率最大不超过175%,冷却后永久变形伸长率最大15%。
电缆通过热老化模拟试验等效60年运行的加速热老化试验,绝缘和护套机械性能满足要求。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。
上述虽然结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行了描述,但并非对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术人员应该明白,在本发明的技术方案的基础上,本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。
Claims (10)
1.一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,其特征是:包括若干缆芯,以及由内到外依次套设在缆芯外侧的包带层、第一屏蔽层和保护层,所述缆芯包括若干对绞线组,每个对绞线组包括至少两根对绞的绝缘线芯,每个绝缘线芯包括导体、耐火层和挤包在耐火层外的双层共挤异质绝缘层,所述对绞的绝缘线芯外侧绕包聚酯带和第二屏蔽层,第二屏蔽层内设置有引流线。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,其特征是:所述第一屏蔽层为镀锡铜丝屏蔽层,由镀锡铜丝编织而成。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,其特征是:所述导体由镀锡铜丝绞合而成;
或,所述耐火层由耐火云母带重叠绕包而成。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,其特征是:所述双层共挤异质绝缘层由辐照交联聚乙烯内绝缘层和辐照交联无卤低烟阻燃聚烯烃外绝缘层叠加而成。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,其特征是:所述保护层为电缆外护套,采用辐照交联无卤低烟阻燃聚烯烃护套料。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,其特征是:所述第二屏蔽层外绕包铜塑复合带。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆,其特征是:所述双层共挤异质绝缘层包括内绝缘层和外绝缘层,内绝缘层和外绝缘层厚度比为1:2。
8.如权利要求1-7中任一项所述的核电站BOP系统用低压仪表电缆的生产方法,其特征是:包括以下步骤:在导体外进行耐火层绕包后先后进行内绝缘层和外绝缘层挤包,内绝缘层和外绝缘层辐照交联处理,形成绝缘线芯,将绝缘线芯进行对绞和绕包,铜塑复合带绕包第二屏蔽层,形成缆芯,对多个缆芯填充,成缆绕包后利用镀锡铜丝编织总屏蔽设置在缆线外侧,并进行外护套层挤包和外护套层辐照交联处理。
9.如权利要求8所述的生产方法,其特征是:内绝缘层挤出采用双螺纹螺杆,外绝缘层挤出采用低压缩比螺杆,绝缘层挤出前,导体应预热到90~100℃,绝缘材料应在60±10℃烘1~2个小时,线芯采用分段式冷却,第一段冷却水温度60℃±10℃,第二段冷却水温度为常温;外护套层采用低压缩比螺杆在挤出机组上用半挤压式模具挤出,材料挤出前应60±10℃预热1~2小时,挤出后采用分段式冷却,第一段冷却水温度60±10℃,第二段冷却水温度为常温。
10.如权利要求8所述的生产方法,其特征是:导体为绞合镀锡铜材料,绞合节距为13~20倍导体外径,最外层绞向为左向,相邻层绞向相反;耐火云母带带的搭盖率控制在15%~20%。
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CN104240810A (zh) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-24 | 山东华凌电缆有限公司 | 三代非能动核电站和缓环境用1e级电缆及生产方法 |
CN208622456U (zh) * | 2018-08-29 | 2019-03-19 | 山东华凌电缆有限公司 | 核电站bop系统用低压仪表电缆 |
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CN110265179A (zh) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-09-20 | 远程电缆股份有限公司 | 一种核能保护系统用防泄线 |
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