CN109189128A - A kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device - Google Patents

A kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109189128A
CN109189128A CN201811073715.4A CN201811073715A CN109189128A CN 109189128 A CN109189128 A CN 109189128A CN 201811073715 A CN201811073715 A CN 201811073715A CN 109189128 A CN109189128 A CN 109189128A
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China
Prior art keywords
automatic control
central processing
processing unit
control device
gas
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Pending
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CN201811073715.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴锋
周玉彬
成奇明
秦瑜斐
杨军
曹征涛
俞梦孙
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Institute of Aviation Medicine of Air Force of PLA
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Institute of Aviation Medicine of Air Force of PLA
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Priority to CN201811073715.4A priority Critical patent/CN109189128A/en
Publication of CN109189128A publication Critical patent/CN109189128A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D27/00Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00
    • G05D27/02Simultaneous control of variables covered by two or more of main groups G05D1/00 - G05D25/00 characterised by the use of electric means

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device.Described device includes: central processing unit, the gas sampling unit and execution unit being connected with central processing unit, gas sampling unit includes the air pump being connected by admission line with controlled environment and the oxygen concentration sensor being arranged in air pump outlet pipe, gas concentration lwevel sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor, and execution unit includes the oxygen concentration adjuster to work under central processing unit controls, gas concentration lwevel adjuster, thermoregulator and humidistat.The present invention realizes the monitoring and automatic control to controlled environment many index, improves Environmental Control Effect;By the gas sampling unit of setting installation sensor, sensor is mounted on except controlled environment, described device is made to be easy to integration.

Description

A kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device
Technical field
The invention belongs to environment measurings and protection technique field, and in particular to a kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device.
Background technique
Environment is the primary condition that earth surface all lived substances are depended on for existence.None good environment, people The existence and its social activities of class are just unable to maintain that down that the photosynthesis of plant not can be carried out, and other biologies have not existed yet. So ingredient, property are all changed after environment is by polluting, this will certainly be to human health, animal and plant growth Life and the storage of the ecological balance or even various implements generate harmful influence.In recent years, with the development of urban industry, ring Border pollution is got worse, and air quality further deteriorates, and not only jeopardizes the normal life of people, but also seriously threaten people Physical and mental health.
In order to which the environment of protecting us to depend on for existence is from pollution, environmental monitoring is grown rapidly with control technology, The Detection & Controling device of various pernicious gases emerges one after another like the mushrooms after rain.But air purification effect is unsatisfactory, one As a kind of or seldom several indexs can only be detected and controlled, and the arrangement of Detection & Controling device is more dispersed (sensor is generally located on control scene), is unfavorable for the integration of device.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention proposes that one kind can be monitored many index With the device of automatic control.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device, comprising: central processing unit, the gas being connected with central processing unit Sampling unit and execution unit, wherein
Central processing unit, for handle and export control signal to execution to the data from gas sampling unit Unit.
Gas sampling unit including the air pump being connected by admission line with controlled environment, and is arranged in air pump escape pipe Oxygen concentration sensor, gas concentration lwevel sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor in road, air pump will be for that will be controlled Air in environment is extracted out in real time as sample gas.
Execution unit, including oxygen concentration adjuster, the gas concentration lwevel tune to work under central processing unit controls Save device, thermoregulator and humidistat.
Further, described device further includes the parameter preset connecting with central processing unit, for showing controlled environment With the display unit of real-time parameter (parameter measured in real time).
Further, described device further include connect with central processing unit for host computer, gas sampling unit and The wireless communication module that execution unit is wirelessly connected.
Further, the oxygen concentration adjuster includes source of oxygen and source nitrogen.
Further, the source of oxygen includes oxygenerator, oxygen cylinder, oxygen tank, the first pressure reducing valve and the first solenoid valve Or the first motor-driven valve of opening size continuously adjustable, the source nitrogen include nitrogen making machine, nitrogen cylinder, nitrogen gas tank, the second decompression Second motor-driven valve of valve and second solenoid valve or opening size continuously adjustable.
Further, the gas concentration lwevel adjuster is air blower.
Further, the thermoregulator is air-conditioning and/or heater.
Further, the humidistat is drying machine and/or humidifier.
Further, the central processing unit be specifically used for calculate separately controlled environment each parameter preset and in real time The difference of parameter, and corresponding adjuster is output control signals to respectively, so that adjustment speed is proportional to the difference, when the difference Stop adjusting when value is 0.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
A kind of environmental monitoring proposed by the present invention and automatic control device, by setting central processing unit and with center Processing unit connected gas sampling unit and execution unit, realize the monitoring and automatic control to controlled environment.The present invention It is passed by the way that oxygen concentration sensor, gas concentration lwevel sensor, temperature sensor and humidity are arranged in gas sampling unit Oxygen concentration adjuster, gas concentration lwevel adjuster, thermoregulator and humidity regulation is arranged in sensor in execution unit Device realizes monitoring and automatic control to controlled environment many index, improves Environmental Control Effect;It is passed by setting installation The gas sampling unit of sensor, sensor is mounted on except controlled environment, and described device is made to be easy to integration.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of a kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device of the embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 1- central processing unit, 2- gas sampling unit, 21- oxygen concentration sensor, 22- gas concentration lwevel Sensor, 23- temperature sensor, 24- humidity sensor, 25- air pump, 3- execution unit, 31- oxygen concentration adjuster, 32- bis- Carbonoxide consistencyregulator, 33- thermoregulator, 34- humidistat.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The block diagram of a kind of environmental monitoring of the embodiment of the present invention and automatic control device is as shown in Figure 1, described device includes: Central processing unit 1, the gas sampling unit 2 and execution unit 3 being connected with central processing unit 1, in which:
Central processing unit 1, for handle and export control signal to holding to the data from gas sampling unit 2 Row unit 3.
Gas sampling unit 2 goes out including the air pump 25 being connected by admission line with controlled environment, and setting in air pump 25 Oxygen concentration sensor 21, gas concentration lwevel sensor 22, temperature sensor 23 and humidity sensor 24 in feed channel, gas Pump 25 is for extracting out the air in controlled environment in real time as sample gas.
Execution unit 3, oxygen concentration adjuster 31, carbon dioxide including working under the control of central processing unit 1 are dense Spend adjuster 32, thermoregulator 33 and humidistat 34.
In the present embodiment, described device is mainly by central processing unit 1, gas sampling unit 2 and 3 groups of execution unit At.Central processing unit 1 is data processing and the control centre of described device, is mainly used for each from gas sampling unit 2 The data of a sensor are handled, and are calculated the real-time parameter of controlled environment, are output control signals to each tune of execution unit 3 Section device controls controlled environment, that is, automatically adjusts the parameter of controlled environment.Controlled environment can be indoor environment, such as machine Room, laboratory, greenhouse etc.;It is also possible to outdoor or field environment, such as the tent in field;It can also be the simulated environment of building, Such as a plateau simulated environment is established on ground.It sets in controlled environment there are two types of pipeline, one is thinner air pump pump-line, One is execution units 3 (such as oxygen concentration adjuster 31) to inject the thicker pipeline of gas (such as oxygen) into controlled environment. In order to be uniformly distributed the gas in controlled environment, these pipelines are distributed in controlled environment in multiple spot by increasing threeway, must Silencing means is installed additional in gas outlet when wanting.Controlled environment is generally intentionally set to completely enclosed shape by existing environmental control system Controlled environment is arranged to opposing seal unless controlled environment objective requirement must be fully sealed by state, the embodiment of the present invention.In this way The requirement for reducing controlled environmental structure is set not only, and is conducive to gas in controlled environment and keeps fresh.In addition, controlled ring Local and overseas atmospheric pressure is equal, sensor can be mounted on outside controlled environment, be had in the application scenarios for needing to measure atmospheric pressure Conducive to the integration of device.Gas sampling unit 2 is mainly used for acquiring the parameter signal of controlled environment in real time, as oxygen concentration is believed Number.Sensor is arranged in controlled ambient scene compared with the existing technology, the gas sampling unit 2 of the embodiment of the present invention passes through Air pump 25 extracts the gas in controlled environment out in real time, sensor is mounted in the outlet pipe of air pump 25,25 escape pipe of air pump Gas parameter in road is identical as the gas parameter in controlled environment, realizes the separation of sensor Yu controlled ambient scene, has Conducive to the integration of described device.In order to make the pumping of air pump 25 not change the parameter of controlled environment, air pump 25 generally uses micro- gas Pump, keeps the sucking rate of unit time small as far as possible.Certainly, in order to guarantee the gas parameter in gas sampling unit 2 and controlled environment Interior gas parameter is consistent, it is sometimes desirable to which admission line and outlet pipe to air pump 25 carry out isothermal holding.Execution unit 3 is main It is used to adjust the parameter of controlled environment under the control of central processing unit 1, controlled ring is such as reduced by injection fresh air The concentration of domestic carbon dioxide reduces the temperature etc. in controlled environment by refrigeration.
It is worth noting that the present embodiment both can in controlled environment oxygen concentration, gas concentration lwevel, temperature and In humidity any one, two or three of parameter controlled, can also simultaneously four kinds of parameters are controlled.Separately Outside, the present embodiment is not limited to monitoring and control to above-mentioned four kinds of parameters, by increasing sensor and corresponding adjuster, also Function Extension can be realized to the monitoring and control of other parameters such as atmospheric pressure, toxic gas content.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, described device further includes connecting with central processing unit 1, for showing controlled environment Parameter preset and real-time parameter display unit.
In the present embodiment, described device further includes display unit.The display unit mainly by with central processing unit 1 The display of connection forms, and is mainly used for the parameter for showing the parameter preset of controlled environment and measuring in real time, such as preset actual measurement Oxygen concentration, gas concentration lwevel, temperature and humidity.Certainly, display unit can also be used to show human-computer interaction interface.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, described device further include connect with central processing unit 1 for host computer, gas The wireless communication module that sampling unit 2 and execution unit 3 are wirelessly connected.
In the present embodiment, described device further includes wireless communication module.Wireless communication module can be telecommunication Module is also possible to proximity communication module (such as Bluetooth communication), for realizing central processing unit 1 and host computer, gas sampling The transmission of the data of unit 2 and execution unit 3.The main wireless communication core by being connect with central processing unit 1 of wireless communication module Piece and the wireless communication chips composition that 3 end of host computer, gas sampling unit 2 and execution unit is set.Radio communication mold is set Block can exempt the limitation of wired connection, make the erection of described device and using more convenient.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the oxygen concentration adjuster 31 includes source of oxygen and source nitrogen.
This gives a kind of better embodiment of oxygen concentration adjuster 31, the oxygen concentration adjuster 31 Including source of oxygen and source nitrogen.In many environment oxygen concentration can neither it is too low can not be excessively high, it is required that control one Determine range.The source of oxygen of the present embodiment is used for when the oxygen concentration of the controlled environment measured in real time is lower than preset lower limit value, To controlled environment supplemental oxygen;The oxygen concentration that the source nitrogen of the present embodiment is used to measure in real time is higher than preset upper limit value When, nitrogen is injected to controlled environment.
As a kind of alternative embodiment of a upper embodiment, the source of oxygen includes oxygenerator, oxygen cylinder, oxygen tank, First motor-driven valve of one pressure reducing valve and the first solenoid valve or opening size continuously adjustable, the source nitrogen include nitrogen making machine, nitrogen Second motor-driven valve of gas cylinder, nitrogen gas tank, the second pressure reducing valve and second solenoid valve or opening size continuously adjustable.
The source of oxygen of an embodiment and a kind of specific embodiment of source nitrogen is set forth in the present embodiment.Source of oxygen First including oxygenerator, oxygen cylinder, oxygen tank, the first pressure reducing valve and the first solenoid valve or opening size continuously adjustable is electronic Valve.The trouble of frequent more exchange device is eliminated using oxygenerator.The purpose that solenoid valve or motor-driven valve is arranged is realized to source of oxygen The automatic control of oxygen supply.Solenoid valve can only generally carry out switching control, and motor-driven valve can constantly carry out switching control, moreover it is possible to even It is continuous to adjust its opening size.It, can by changing the switching time ratio of the first solenoid valve or changing the opening size of the first motor-driven valve To adjust the speed of oxygen supply of source of oxygen.The composition of source nitrogen is similar with source of oxygen, and which is not described herein again.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the gas concentration lwevel adjuster 32 is air blower.
This gives a kind of better embodiments of gas concentration lwevel adjuster 32, i.e., are adjusted using air blower The gas concentration lwevel of controlled environment.When the gas concentration lwevel of the controlled environment measured in real time is more than preset upper limit value, Starting air blower injects the fresh air of outside into controlled environment, reduces carbon dioxide content.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the thermoregulator 33 is air-conditioning and/or heater.
This gives the better embodiments of thermoregulator 33, adjust controlled environment using air-conditioning or heater Temperature.When controlled environment only limits minimum temperature, heated up using heater;When controlled environment only limits maximum temperature, Using air-conditioning temperature-reducing;When the control of controlled environmental requirement temperature is within the scope of one, while air-conditioning and heater are set, certainly It can use while have the air-conditioning of refrigeration and heat-production functions.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the humidistat 34 is drying machine and/or humidifier.
This gives the better embodiments of humidistat 34, adjust quilt using drying machine and/or humidifier Control the humidity of environment.
As a kind of alternative embodiment, the central processing unit 1 is specifically used for calculating separately each pre- of controlled environment The difference of setting parameter and real-time parameter, and corresponding adjuster is output control signals to respectively, it is proportional to adjustment speed described Difference stops adjusting when the difference is 0.
This gives the specific methods controlled controlled environment.Simplest control method be when some or When measured value, that is, the real-time parameter and parameter preset of several parameters are not inconsistent, start corresponding adjuster and at the uniform velocity adjusted, work as reality When parameter close corresponding adjuster when being consistent with parameter preset and stop adjusting.It but is a delay system by controlled environment, i.e., Parameter is in dynamic change in adjustment process, even if stopping adjusting, corresponding parameter will not stop changing immediately, therefore at the uniform velocity adjust Section can not achieve the desired results.The method that the present embodiment provides is the difference of adjustment speed and parameter preset and real-time parameter at just Than difference is bigger, and adjusting is faster, and the initial phase adjustment speed adjusted in this way is most fast, can make corresponding parameter fast approaching Preset value;With the reduction of the difference, gradually slow down adjustment speed, when it is that real-time parameter is equal to parameter preset that difference, which is 0, Adjustment speed is also that 0 i.e. stopping is adjusted, and at this moment relevant parameter will not be further continued for changing.
The adjusting method of four kinds of parameters is essentially identical, illustrates the setting of adjustment speed by taking the adjusting of oxygen concentration as an example below Method.As previously mentioned, there are two types of the adjusting methods of oxygen concentration: one is change to adjust by control solenoid valve make-and-break time ratio The on-off valve regulation method of speed;Method is continuously adjusted one is the opening size change adjustment speed by continuously adjusting motor-driven valve. It discusses respectively to two methods below.
1, on-off valve regulation method
Assuming that make and break period is T seconds, then turn-on time of n-th of make and break period are as follows:
T (n)=T* (Y-y (n-1))/(Y-y (0)) (1)
In formula, t (n) is the turn-on time of n-th of make and break period, and unit is the second, and Y is preset oxygen concentration, and y (0) is adjusted The oxygen concentration measured in real time when section starting, the oxygen concentration that y (n-1) is measured in real time when being (n-1)th make and break period, n=0, 1,2 ... ....
It is obtained by (1) formula, t (1)=T, when starting to adjust, difference maximum solenoid valve make-to-break ratio is maximum (only logical continuous);Work as y (n-1)=Y when, t (n)=0, difference minimum (for 0) solenoid valve make-to-break ratio is minimum (only breaking obstructed), stops adjusting.
2, method is continuously adjusted
Assuming that the maximum opening of motor-driven valve is 1, and when the oxygen concentration measured in real time is y, the aperture k of motor-driven valve are as follows:
K=(Y-y)/(Y-y (0)) (2)
It is obtained by (2) formula, y=y (0) when starting to adjust, k=1, the maximum electronic valve opening of difference is maximum (being full of);Work as y=Y When, k=0, the minimum electronic valve opening minimum (disconnection) of difference.
It is above-mentioned that only several specific embodiments in the present invention are illustrated, but can not be as protection model of the invention Enclose, it is all according to the present invention in the equivalent change or modification made of design spirit or equal proportion zoom in or out, should all Think to fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device characterized by comprising central processing unit, with central processing unit Connected gas sampling unit and execution unit, wherein
Central processing unit, for handle and export control signal to executing list to the data from gas sampling unit Member;
Gas sampling unit including the air pump being connected by admission line with controlled environment and is arranged in air pump outlet pipe Oxygen concentration sensor, gas concentration lwevel sensor, temperature sensor and humidity sensor, air pump is used for will be in controlled environment Air extracted out in real time as sample gas;
Execution unit, including work under central processing unit controls oxygen concentration adjuster, gas concentration lwevel adjuster, Thermoregulator and humidistat.
2. environmental monitoring according to claim 1 and automatic control device, which is characterized in that described device further includes in Central Processing Unit connection, the parameter preset for showing controlled environment and real-time parameter display unit.
3. environmental monitoring according to claim 1 and automatic control device, which is characterized in that described device further includes in Central Processing Unit connects the wireless communication module for being wirelessly connected with host computer, gas sampling unit and execution unit.
4. environmental monitoring according to claim 1 and automatic control device, which is characterized in that the oxygen concentration adjuster Including source of oxygen and source nitrogen.
5. environmental monitoring according to claim 4 and automatic control device, which is characterized in that the source of oxygen includes oxygen processed First motor-driven valve of machine, oxygen cylinder, oxygen tank, the first pressure reducing valve and the first solenoid valve or opening size continuously adjustable, it is described Source nitrogen includes the of nitrogen making machine, nitrogen cylinder, nitrogen gas tank, the second pressure reducing valve and second solenoid valve or opening size continuously adjustable Two motor-driven valves.
6. environmental monitoring according to claim 1 and automatic control device, which is characterized in that the gas concentration lwevel tune Section device is air blower.
7. environmental monitoring according to claim 1 and automatic control device, which is characterized in that the thermoregulator is sky Tune and/or heater.
8. environmental monitoring according to claim 1 and automatic control device, which is characterized in that the humidistat is dry Dry machine and/or humidifier.
9. environmental monitoring described according to claim 1~any one of 8 and automatic control device, which is characterized in that described Central processing unit is specifically used for calculating separately each parameter preset of controlled environment and the difference of real-time parameter, and exports respectively Signal is controlled to corresponding adjuster, so that adjustment speed is proportional to the difference, stops adjusting when the difference is 0.
CN201811073715.4A 2018-09-14 2018-09-14 A kind of environmental monitoring and automatic control device Pending CN109189128A (en)

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