CN109188649B - Protective device for polygonal barrel and space telescope lens - Google Patents
Protective device for polygonal barrel and space telescope lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN109188649B CN109188649B CN201811094520.8A CN201811094520A CN109188649B CN 109188649 B CN109188649 B CN 109188649B CN 201811094520 A CN201811094520 A CN 201811094520A CN 109188649 B CN109188649 B CN 109188649B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
- G02B7/18—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors
- G02B7/182—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors
- G02B7/183—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for prisms; for mirrors for mirrors specially adapted for very large mirrors, e.g. for astronomy, or solar concentrators
Abstract
The present lens of space telescope must be thicker and stronger, and its overload is 3-4G when rocket is launched. The invention provides a liquid filling barrel, wherein a lens of a telescope is placed in the barrel, and the liquid and the barrel bear the hydraulic pressure of acceleration inversion, so that the lens is not influenced by overload and is not deformed. By using the technology, the cable system can be switched into the lens when the lens is launched, thereby reducing the launching cost. The overall mass of the telescope is much less and the attitude adjustment in space is much easier.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a protective device for a space telescope lens, in particular to a protective device for a polygonal barrel and a space telescope lens.
Background
At present, the overload during rocket launching is 3-7G. In order to avoid overload during launching and prevent the lens from being stressed by acceleration during launching to deform the lens, the space telescope can only thicken the lens or add ribs, and a support must be added during launching to keep the shape unchanged. The support is thick, and whole quality is big, and is with high costs.
The manufacturing precision of the front surface of the lens can reach 100 nanometers. The lens has very high smoothness and a complex cleaning process. The back of the lens is provided with a rib.
The light collecting area of the Weber space telescope is 25m2The mass of the lens per square meter is more than 15kg, and a complex bracket is required to support the lens during shooting, so that the lens is shot vertically, and the weight of the bracket is evenly distributed on the lens and can reach more than 20kg per square meter. In the future, the launching of the cable system is too idle, and although the launching cost per unit weight is much lower, the overload of the cable system can reach more than 20G, or more challenges are presented. In future, space telescopes with the diameter larger than 5 meters generally adopt spliced main mirrors, namely the main mirrors are divided into a plurality of small lenses, and most of the space telescopes are divided into regular hexagonal small lenses.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a protective device for lenses of a polygonal barrel and a space telescope, aiming at solving the problems that the existing lenses are stressed due to overload, the lenses are deformed, the lenses and a bracket have large mass and high cost. It uses a polygonal barrel to bear the overload pressure of liquid, and uses the incompressible property of liquid to offset the overload of lens.
A specific solution to this problem requires the use of a polygonal barrel. The cross sections of the barrel body, the barrel bottom and the barrel cover of the polygonal barrel are polygons; a round outer barrel is arranged outside the polygonal barrel, and a filler is arranged between the polygonal barrel and the outer barrel and is a solid.
The size of the polygonal barrel is just enough to be put into the outer barrel. The polygonal barrel matches the shape of the lens, which is also a square if it is a square, a regular hexagon if it is a regular hexagon, and is just as large as being able to lay the lens flat. The lenses are mostly hexagonal and thus the polygonal barrels are mostly hexagonal. The size of the polygonal barrel can be just placed in the outer barrel. The outer barrel and the solid filler are used for bearing the hydraulic pressure of the polygonal barrel.
Further, the bottom of the outer barrel is hemispherical and is filled with filler.
Furthermore, a piston is arranged in the polygonal barrel, liquid is arranged between the piston and the barrel bottom, and a pipeline is arranged at the barrel bottom. When the lens is put in, the lens is put in at the barrel opening, and the liquid flows out of the pipeline, and the put-in lens and the piston are pushed to move downwards. Therefore, the lens is only required to be placed at the opening of the barrel when being placed, otherwise, the lens is required to be placed from the bottom of the barrel, and the time is consumed. The speed of putting the lens in the method is high.
Furthermore, a heat insulation layer is arranged outside the polygonal barrel, and a rubber sheet can be pasted to serve as the heat insulation layer.
The specific technical scheme 1 for solving the problem of lens protection is as follows:
a protective device for stacking lenses by using a polygonal barrel, which adopts any one of the polygonal barrels, wherein the polygonal barrel is matched with the carried lens in shape; the body of the polygonal barrel is provided with a vertical dovetail groove; a circle of sealing ring is arranged at the edge of each lens; the lens is provided with a raised dovetail joint, the size of the dovetail joint is matched with the dovetail groove, and the dovetail joint can move up and down in the dovetail groove; the piston is arranged below the lens, and liquid is arranged between the lenses in the polygonal barrel; the lens is provided with an isolation net above and below.
Each side of the polygonal barrel is provided with 2-50 dovetail grooves, and correspondingly, the lens is provided with the same number of dovetails. The separation net is a plurality of threads or belts which separate the upper lens from the lower lens.
When the lenses are loaded, in a working chamber without air and only with vapor of the liquid, a certain amount of liquid is injected into the polygonal barrel every time one lens is placed, so that the uppermost lens is always immersed by the liquid. After a lens is put in, liquid flows out from a gap between the sealing ring and the polygonal barrel so as to prevent the liquid under the lens from being too much.
Further, the liquid is selected from liquid hydrogen because of its low density.
Furthermore, a compression ring can be arranged at the opening of the polygonal barrel, a spring is arranged on the compression ring, the barrel cover is closed after the lens is filled, and the barrel cover compresses the spring, the compression ring and the sealing ring. If the pressing ring and the spring are not arranged, the sealing ring can be directly pressed by the barrel cover.
Furthermore, the sealing ring is provided with an opening, a lens is placed at the barrel opening, and when one lens is placed, after partial liquid flows out of the opening, the opening is blocked by the plug, and then the previous layer of lens is placed.
Further, the lens has horizontal screw holes, and the dovetail is connected to the lens through the screw holes.
Further, the liquid may be selected to be alcohol and correspondingly the solid filler may be selected to be hydrogen peroxide.
The second kind of protective device for stacking lenses by using a polygonal barrel has the following technical scheme:
a polygonal barrel as claimed in any one of the preceding claims. The lens is packed into a film bag; injecting liquid into the film bag, wherein the volume of the liquid is larger than the space occupied by each layer of lens; the thin film bag is sealed and then put into a polygonal barrel.
The lenses are placed into a film bag, then a liquid is injected into the film bag in an amount greater than the void space occupied by each layer of lenses, then the film bag is sealed, and then the lenses are placed layer by layer.
The so-called void space calculation method is as follows: if the area of the lens is s and the occupied height is h, the occupied space is s x h, and the volume of all solid parts of the lens is subtracted from s x h, so that the space is the void space. Void space is the space occupied by ribs, connectors or other protrusions.
The film bag can be formed by using two films which are larger than the lens and are bonded at the edge of the lens to form a bag. Or an open film bag, filled with the lens and then glued open.
The liquid is preferably liquid hydrogen.
The sealing ring and the film bag are preferably made of polyimide plastic.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the liquid has incompressibility, and by utilizing the characteristic, the volume of the liquid hydrogen between the two lenses cannot be reduced and the distance cannot be reduced during launching, and in addition, the separation net is arranged between the two lenses, so that the lenses cannot be extruded, abraded and deformed. By adopting the technology, the over-running cable system with low launching cost can be utilized in the lens launching process, so that the launching cost is reduced. The thickness of the lens can be only 1mm, the weight of each square meter only needs 1-4 kg, and the manufacturing cost is reduced to a certain extent. More importantly, the total weight of the lens support is reduced by more than 70%, and the overall mass of the space telescope is reduced by more than 20-50%. The attitude of the telescope is much easier to adjust in space. In addition, the solid filler can be melted to obtain liquid. The filler and the liquid can be used as rocket fuel to push the space telescope to continue to change orbit or stay in space for standby. The present invention takes advantage of the incompressibility of liquids. The device of the invention can be used for quickly placing the lens. And in the process of putting the lens, the sealing ring is always pressed, so that liquid leakage is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a polygonal barrel and an outer barrel, which is a horizontal section.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a vertical section of a polygonal barrel showing the hemispherical barrel bottom, piston, and pipes.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a polygonal barrel with dovetail slots.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the lens after being placed in the polygonal barrel, and shows the spatial positions of the pressing ring and the spring.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a vertical cut of the seal ring, a cut without the dovetail;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a vertical cut face of the seal ring, a schematic view of a cut face with a dovetail.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a seal ring;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a lens and its dovetail;
figure 9 is a schematic view of a lens, fluid, thin film bag.
Wherein, 1 is an outer barrel; 2 is a polygonal barrel; 3 is a filler; 4 is a dovetail groove; 5 is a dovetail joint; 6 is liquid; 7 is a lens; 8 is a piston; 9 is a sealing ring; 10 is a hemispherical barrel bottom; 13 is an isolation net; 14 is a pressure ring; 15 is an opening; 17 is a pipeline; 18 is a screw; 19 is a film bag; 20 is a barrel cover; 21 is a filler; 22 is a liquid.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: in the polygonal barrel of the present embodiment, the cross sections of the barrel body, the barrel bottom and the barrel cover 20 of the polygonal barrel 2 are polygonal; a round outer barrel 1 is arranged outside the polygonal barrel 2, a filler 3 is arranged between the polygonal barrel 2 and the outer barrel 1, and the filler 3 is solid.
The bottom of the outer barrel adopts a semi-spherical barrel bottom 10, and the semi-spherical barrel bottom 10 is filled with liquid or solid matter 21.
The second embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that: the polygonal barrel is provided with a piston 8, liquid 6 is arranged between the bottom of the polygonal barrel 2 and the piston 8, and a pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the polygonal barrel 2 and can flow out of the liquid 6 between the piston and the bottom of the barrel. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the first or second embodiment in that: the polygonal barrel is provided with a heat insulating layer. Other steps and parameters are the same as in one or both embodiments.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the embodiment provides a protection device for a space telescope lens, which comprises: with the polygonal barrel of any one of embodiments 1 to 3, the polygonal barrel 2 matches the outer shape of the lens 7 carried; the body of the polygonal barrel 2 is provided with a vertical dovetail groove 4; a ring of sealing rings 9 are arranged at the edge of each lens 7;
the lens 7 is provided with a raised dovetail 5, the size of the dovetail 5 is matched with that of the dovetail groove 4, and the dovetail can move up and down in the dovetail groove 4;
the piston 8 is arranged below the lens 7, and the liquid 6 is arranged between the lenses 7 in the polygonal barrel;
the lens is provided with a separation net 13.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that: the liquid 6 is liquid hydrogen. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in the fourth embodiment.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the fourth or fifth embodiment in that: the opening of the polygonal barrel can be provided with a pressing ring 14, a spring is arranged on the pressing ring, after the lens is filled, the barrel cover 20 is closed, and the barrel cover compresses the spring, the pressing ring and the sealing ring 9. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in the fourth or fifth embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment is different from the fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment in that: the sealing ring 9 is provided with an opening 15, a lens is placed in the barrel mouth, after a part of liquid 6 flows out from the opening 15 when one lens 7 is placed, the opening is blocked by a plug, and the previous layer of lens is placed. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in the fourth, fifth or sixth embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment differs from the fifth or sixth embodiment in that: the lens 7 has horizontal screw holes and the dovetail is connected to the lens by screws 18, screw holes. The other steps and parameters are the same as those in the fifth or sixth embodiment.
The specific implementation method nine: the protection device for the space telescope lens adopts the polygonal barrel in any one of the specific embodiments 1 to 3;
the lens 7 is enclosed in a film bag 19; injecting a liquid 22 into the film bag, wherein the volume of the liquid 22 is larger than the void space occupied by each layer of the lens 7; the film bag 19 is sealed and then put into the polygonal barrel 2.
Examples
Example 1
A polygonal barrel comprises a polygonal barrel body, an outer barrel, a barrel cover and a filler. The outer barrel has an inner diameter of 1.5m and is made of an aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 4 mm. The heights of the polygonal barrel and the outer barrel are both 2.4 meters, wherein the height of the outer barrel does not contain a hemispherical bottom. The polygonal barrel is regular hexagonal and is made of a thin aluminum plate with the thickness of 0.3 mm. The polygonal barrel is connected with the outer barrel, and the polygonal barrel can be just placed inside the outer barrel. Solid hydrogen is filled between the polygonal barrel and the outer barrel. The barrel cover is arranged at the barrel opening.
The bottom of the outer barrel is hemispherical and is filled with solid methane. The polygonal barrel is provided with a piston, and the polygonal barrel below the piston is filled with liquid hydrogen. When the lens is put in, the lens is put in at the barrel opening, and the liquid flows out of the pipeline, and the put-in lens and the piston are pushed to move downwards. The rubber sheet is pasted on the outer side of the polygonal barrel to reduce heat transfer between the filler and the polygonal barrel.
Example 2
Polygonal barrels are used, wherein the polygonal barrels are used for placing multiple layers of lenses. Each side of the polygonal barrel is provided with 5 dovetail grooves, and each side of the lens is provided with 5 dovetails. Liquid hydrogen is filled between the lenses. The outer edge of the lens is provided with a sealing ring. The sealing ring has an opening to vent the liquid hydrogen.
Each lens of the telescope is regular hexagonal, 1mm thick and 1.497m in diagonal length. The edge of each lens was wrapped with 1 ring of sealing ring, the width of the sealing ring was 2cm and the thickness was 1 mm. The height occupied by each lens and sealing ring is 3mm, 800 lenses can be placed in the lens, the total area of the lenses can reach 1100m ^2, and the total weight is 2000 kg.
The bottom of the lens is provided with an isolation net which is a plurality of parallel rubber wires with the diameter of 0.2mm, and one rubber belt is arranged every 0.2 meter. The sealing ring has an opening to allow the liquid to flow out more quickly. The dovetail of the lens is connected with the outer edge of the lens through screws. The bung hole department of multilateral bucket has the clamping ring, has 20 springs on the clamping ring to compress tightly the sealing ring.
Example 3
Using a polygonal barrel, unlike embodiment 2, the polygonal barrel has no dovetail groove. Solid methane is filled between the polygonal barrel and the outer barrel. Each lens in the polygonal barrel is filled in a film bag, liquid methane is injected into the film bag, and then the film bag is horizontally placed in the polygonal barrel.
Claims (9)
1. A protection device for a space telescope lens is characterized in that: the cross sections of the barrel body, the barrel bottom and the barrel cover (20) of the polygonal barrel (2) are polygonal; a round outer barrel (1) is arranged outside the polygonal barrel (2), a filler (3) is arranged between the polygonal barrel (2) and the outer barrel (1), and the filler (3) is solid; the polygonal barrel (2) is matched with the carried lens (7) in shape; the body of the polygonal barrel (2) is provided with a vertical dovetail groove (4); a ring of sealing rings (9) are arranged at the edge of each lens (7); the lens (7) is provided with a raised dovetail joint (5), and the size of the dovetail joint (5) is matched with that of the dovetail groove (4) and can move up and down in the dovetail groove (4); the piston (8) is arranged below the lenses (7), and liquid (6) is arranged between the lenses (7) in the polygonal barrel; the lens is provided with a separation net (13) at the upper part and the lower part.
2. The protection device for the lens of a space telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cross sections of the barrel body, the barrel bottom and the barrel cover (20) of the polygonal barrel (2) are polygonal; a round outer barrel (1) is arranged outside the polygonal barrel (2), a filler (3) is arranged between the polygonal barrel (2) and the outer barrel (1), and the filler (3) is solid.
3. The protection device for the lens of a space telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the outer barrel adopts a hemispherical barrel bottom (10), and the hemispherical barrel bottom (10) is filled with liquid or solid matter (21).
4. The protection device for the lens of a space telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polygonal barrel is provided with a piston (8), liquid (6) is arranged between the bottom of the polygonal barrel (2) and the piston (8), and a pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the polygonal barrel (2) and can flow out of the liquid (6) between the piston and the bottom of the barrel.
5. The protection device for the lens of a space telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the polygonal barrel is provided with a heat insulating layer.
6. The protection device for the lens of a space telescope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the liquid (6) is liquid hydrogen.
7. A protective device for the lenses of space telescopes as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 6, wherein: the opening of the polygonal barrel can be provided with a pressing ring (14), the pressing ring is provided with a spring, after the lens is filled, the barrel cover (20) is closed, and the barrel cover compresses the spring, the pressing ring and the sealing ring (9).
8. A protective device for the lenses of space telescopes as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 6, wherein: the sealing ring (9) is provided with an opening (15), a lens is placed at the opening of the barrel, when one lens (7) is placed, after partial liquid (6) flows out of the opening (15), the opening is blocked by the plug, and then the previous layer of lens is placed.
9. A protective device for the lenses of space telescopes as claimed in any one of claims 1 or 6, wherein: the lens (7) has horizontal screw holes, and the dovetail is connected to the lens through the screw (18) and the screw holes.
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CN201811094520.8A CN109188649B (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2018-09-19 | Protective device for polygonal barrel and space telescope lens |
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CN201811094520.8A CN109188649B (en) | 2018-09-19 | 2018-09-19 | Protective device for polygonal barrel and space telescope lens |
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CN109188649B true CN109188649B (en) | 2021-07-02 |
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