CN103207440B - Bidirectional multi-arch large-caliber space reflector - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bidirectional multi-arch large-caliber space reflector, and belongs to the technical field of precision machinery of optical systems. The reflector comprises a reflector surface and a back matrix, wherein open lightweight holes and supporting holes are formed in the back matrix, and the back matrix has a stiffened plate type structure; and grooves are formed in the back matrix, and the back matrix is in a bidirectional multi-arch shape formed by multiple radial arches and multiple annular arches. By adjusting the arrangement of the grooves and changing the mass distribution of the reflector along two directions, the mass of the matrix is lightened under the condition that the stiffness of the structure of the reflector is not reduced, the specific stiffness of the structure is improved, the structure is reasonable, and great lightweight is realized. The specific design examples show that the mass of the reflector can be reduced by 24.5 percent compared with a flat-back reflector. The reflector has the advantages of low self-weight deformation, reasonable stiffness distribution and light mass, and is suitable for a large-caliber space telescope system.

Description

A kind of two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector, belong to optical system precision machinery technology field.

Background technology

Spacing reflection mirror is the critical component in Space Optical System, and it governs sensitivity and the resolution of Space Optical System.Along with improving constantly of Space Optical System resolution characteristic, need to adopt more bigbore space optical reflectors, the quality of optical system certainly will be increased, will directly affect launch cost and the serviceability of optical system, therefore, light-weight design is carried out to catoptron and just seem more and more important.And the construction profile design of catoptron is one of gordian technique of light-weight design.The base shape of current heavy caliber spacing reflection mirror mainly contains: smooth back type, two arch, single arch and double concave four kinds.Under existing various supporting way, although these traditionally shaped mirror structures can obtain good optical property, but its quality is still very large, as smooth back type catoptron, when adopting multiple spot back-supported, catoptron can obtain good face shape, but its quality is general comparatively large, and the specific stiffness of structure is lower; And for single arch, two arch or double concave catoptron, the catoptron of these forms changes the mass distribution state of mirror body in radial direction, alleviate a part of quality, structural rate rigidity promotes to some extent, but it does not consider the deformation rule of catoptron at hoop, version is still reasonable not, and the specific stiffness of structure still has larger room for promotion.Therefore, develop that a kind of quality is less, structural rate rigidity be larger, version more reasonably mirror configuration be the development trend of heavy caliber spacing reflection mirror.

Summary of the invention

For foregoing, for solving the deficiency of existing method for designing, the invention provides a kind of two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector, namely by the reasonable Arrangement of back matrix recess region, change the shape of back matrix along the radial direction of catoptron and hoop simultaneously, adjust its mass distribution, effectively can alleviate the quality of catoptron, increase the specific stiffness of its structure, make its version more reasonable.

The technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector, comprise mirror mirror and back matrix, opening lightweight hole and supported hole is manufactured with in back matrix, back matrix is reinforcement plank frame, in back matrix, arrange groove, back matrix is the two-way multiple arch shape be made up of radial multiple arch shape and hoop multiple arch shape.

As preferably, described heavy caliber spacing reflection mirror, is manufactured with the lightweight hole for loss of weight in back matrix, and its form can be the mixing of triangle, quadrilateral, hexagon, fan-shaped, circular or these shapes.

As preferably, described supported hole number m is 3,6,9,18 or 27, described supported hole be distributed in one, circumferentially two or more.

Described heavy caliber spacing reflection mirror, described groove comprises the annular groove and the partial groove produced that radially stretches that produce around the rotation of mirror body central shaft.

As preferably, described radial multiple arch shape is produced by set annular groove, and the number na of annular groove and the number Nr of radial arch meets:

na=nc+1，Nr=2×nc；

Wherein, nc is total circumference number of described supported hole distribution.

As preferably, the outline line of described annular groove is symmetrical about the central shaft of catoptron, and with central shaft and the outerplanar intersection point of back matrix for true origin, back matrix outerplanar is xy plane, and the half outline line of annular groove meets following function:

(1) total circumference number nc=1 of supported hole distribution,

1. the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-SPL,

2. the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-oblique line,

(2) total circumference number nc >=2 of supported hole distribution,

1. the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-SPL,

2. the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-oblique line,

Wherein, R is the radius of mirror body, and i is taken as 2,3 ..., (na-1), A ₁, A _i1, A _i2, A _i3, A _nafor determining the distance of the reference point set by build-up curve to mirror body central shaft, P ₁, P _i, P _nafor determining that reference point set by build-up curve is to the outerplanar distance of back matrix.A ₁, A _i1, A _i2, A _i3, A _nameet following relation:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{A}_1\≤R_1-r\\ A_{i1}\≥R_{i-1}+r\\ A_{i1}\≤A_{i3}\≤A_{i2}\\ A_{i2}\≤R_i-r\\ R_{\mathrm{na}-1}+r\≤A_{\mathrm{na}}\≤R\end{array}\right.,$

Wherein R _ibe the distance of the i-th circle supported hole center to Jing Ti center, r is supported hole hole wall external radius.

P ₁, P _i, P _nameet following relation:

P ₁<H ₀,P _i<H ₀,P _na<H ₀，

Wherein H ₀for mirror mirror center is to the outerplanar distance of matrix.

Described heavy caliber spacing reflection mirror, described back matrix is radially divided into the annular region of nc layer projection by annular groove.

Described heavy caliber spacing reflection mirror, described hoop multiple arch shape is produced by set partial groove, and in jth layer annular region from inside to outside, the shape of each partial groove is identical, the number nb of partial groove _jwith the number Nc of hoop arch _jmeet:

nb _j=m _j

Nc _j=m _j，

Wherein, m _jfor the number in jth layer annular region inner support hole, j gets 1,2 ..., nc

As preferably, described partial groove is positioned in the middle of adjacent two supported holes of hoop, for jth layer annular region, with the axis of symmetry between adjacent two supported holes of hoop, the outline line of partial groove is divided into symmetrical two parts, with the outerplanar intersection point of this axis of symmetry and matrix back for true origin, matrix back outerplanar is in xy plane, and the half outline line of partial groove meets following function:

1. horizontal linear-oblique line-Horizontal Straight Combination,

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}z={-Q}_j& (0\&le;y\&le;B_{1j})\\ z=\frac{Q_j(y-B_{2j})}{B_{2j}-B_{1j}}& (B_{1j}\&le;y\&le;B_{2j})\\ z=0& (B_{2j}\&le;y\&le;d_c/2)\end{array}\right.;$

2. horizontal linear-SPL-Horizontal Straight Combination,

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}z={-Q}_j& (0\&le;y\&le;B_{1j})\\ z=\frac{Q_j{(y-B_{1j})}^2}{{(B_{2j}-B_{1j})}^2}-Q_j& (B_{1j}\&le;y\&le;B_{2j})\\ z=0& (B_{2j}\&le;y\&le;(d_c/2-r))\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein Q _jfor jth layer annular region inner groovy surface level is apart from the outerplanar distance of back matrix, B _1j, B _2jfor determining the distance of the reference point set by build-up curve to axis of symmetry, d _cfor the distance between adjacent two supported holes of same annular region, Q _j, B _1j, B _2jmeet following relation:

As preferably, described catoptron produces by after the annular groove arranged in back matrix and local groove combination, when the radius R of catoptron, thickness H, the layout of lightweight hole, the support hole count m of back-supported and support arrangement mode are determined, by minimum for target with catoptron gross mass W, with PV and RMS of mirror shape for constraint, regulate the radial groove region shape parameter A of back matrix ₀, A _nc, A _i1, A _i2, A _i3, P ₁, P _i, P _nawith circumferential groove region shape parameter B _1j, B _2j, Q _j, desirable two-way many domes can be obtained, method as shown in the formula:

Wherein X is adjustable parameter vector, and ρ, V are respectively density of material and the volume of catoptron, and Ns is the node sum of minute surface when utilizing Finite Element Method to analyze mirror structure, U ₁, U ₂..., U _nsfor the displacement of all nodes of minute surface, with pV and RMS being respectively mirror mirror face shape retrains higher limit.

Described groove is core technology of the present invention, comprise and rotate around mirror body central shaft the annular groove and the partial groove produced that radially stretches that produce, back matrix is made to become two-way multiple arch shape by the layout of groove, increase the structural design space of catoptron, the key parameter of suitable adjustment groove arrangement, improve the Stiffness Distribution state of structure, the use of material can be saved simultaneously, obtain that a kind of quality is less, structural rate rigidity is larger, version more reasonably mirror configuration.

Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:

(1) according to the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector that the present invention makes, when optical axis vertically and optical axis level two kinds from heavy load effect, PV and the RMS face deformationization of catoptron is no more than 0.1 λ and 0.02 λ (λ=632.8nm) respectively.

(2) according to the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector that the present invention makes, have higher dynamic stiffness, its single order natural frequency of vibration is higher than 1000Hz.

(3) according to the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector that the present invention makes, simultaneously radial at catoptron and be arranged circumferentially groove, effectively alleviate the weight of structure, can 24.5% be reduced with smooth back type catoptron phase specific mass, realize light-weight design greatly.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is a kind of two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector.

Fig. 2 be arrange in embodiments of the present invention annular groove and the outline line schematic diagram of outline line when being the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-SPL.

Fig. 3 be the partial groove that arranges in embodiments of the present invention and outline line is horizontal linear-oblique line-Horizontal Straight Combination time outline line schematic diagram.

In figure: 1, mirror mirror; 2, back matrix; 3, lightweight hole; 4, supported hole; 5, radial; 6, hoop.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further.

By shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector, comprise mirror mirror and back matrix, equally distributed opening triangle lightweight hole is manufactured with in back matrix, adopt 9 back-supported modes, supported hole is arranged on two circumferentially by certain symmetry, internal and external circumference is distributed with three inner support holes and six outer support holes respectively, in back matrix, groove is set, comprise and rotate around mirror body central shaft the annular groove and the partial groove produced that radially stretches that produce, the shape of back matrix is two-way multiple arch shape, it is radially not only multiple arch shape, and circumferentially also in multiple arch shape.

As shown in Figure 1, mirror body radius R is 1m, and mirror body thickness H is 0.3m, mirror mirror is sphere, and its radius-of-curvature is 9.981m, and the triangle lightweight hole length of side is 0.16m, supported hole all number nc that distributes are 2, and the 1st circle supported hole center is to the distance R at Jing Ti center ₁for 0.465m, the 2nd circle supported hole center is to the distance R at Jing Ti center ₂for 0.82m, the radius r of supported hole outer wall is 0.077m.Select SiC as Mirror blank materials.As shown in Figure 2, the half outline line rotating the annular groove produced around mirror body central shaft is the composite function of SPL-horizontal linear-SPL, and its form is as follows:

Wherein, A ₁, A ₂₁, A ₂₂, A ₂₃, A ₃be respectively and determine reference point A, B, C, F, D set by SPL distance to mirror body central shaft, P ₁, P ₂, P ₃be respectively and determine that reference point E, F, G set by SPL is to the outerplanar distance of back matrix.

Back matrix is divided into the annular region of two-layer projection by annular groove, and in this two-layer annular region, the half outline line of the partial groove produced that radially stretches is the function of level-oblique line-horizontal combination, and as shown in Figure 3, its form is as follows:

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}z={-Q}_j& (0\&le;y\&le;B_{1j})\\ z=\frac{Q_j(y-B_{2j})}{B_{2j}-B_{1j}}& (B_{1j}\&le;y\&le;B_{2j})\\ z=0& (B_{2j}\&le;y\&le;d_c/2)\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein, B _1j, B _2jjth layer annular region is interior for determining reference point J, K set by composite surface cross section distance to axis of symmetry, Q respectively _jfor groove surface level is apart from the outerplanar distance of back matrix, j gets 1, and 2.

As shown in table 1, be the parameter designing value of the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector back matrix further groove that the present embodiment proposes.Utilize Finite Element Method to carry out analysis to mirror structure to obtain, when optical axis vertically and optical axis level two kinds from heavy load effect, PV and RMS of surface deformation is no more than 0.1 λ and 0.02 λ (λ=632.8nm) respectively; And there is higher dynamic stiffness, the single order natural frequency of vibration is higher than 1000Hz; Compared with smooth back type catoptron, its quality alleviates 24.5%, effectively reduces the weight of mirror structure, achieves light-weight design greatly.

The parameter designing value of table 1 embodiment 1

Claims (10)

1. a two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector, it mainly comprises mirror mirror (1) and back matrix (2), it is characterized in that: be manufactured with opening lightweight hole (3) and supported hole (4) in back matrix (2), back matrix (2) is reinforcement plank frame; In back matrix (2), arrange groove, back matrix (2) is the two-way multiple arch shape be made up of radial multiple arch shape and hoop multiple arch shape.

2. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the shape of described lightweight hole (3) is the mixing of triangle, quadrilateral, hexagon, fan-shaped, circular or these shapes.

3. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the number m of described supported hole (4) is 3,6,9,18 or 27, described supported hole (4) be distributed in one, circumferentially two or more.

4. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described groove comprises the annular groove and the partial groove produced that radially stretches that produce around the rotation of mirror body central shaft.

5. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of one according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described radial multiple arch shape is produced by set annular groove, and the number na of annular groove and the number Nr of radial multiple arch shape meets:

na＝nc+1，Nr＝2×nc；

Wherein, nc is total circumference number of described supported hole distribution.

6. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of the one according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that: the outline line of described annular groove is symmetrical about the central shaft of catoptron, with central shaft and the outerplanar intersection point of back matrix for true origin, back matrix outerplanar is xy plane, and the half outline line of annular groove meets following function:

(1) total circumference number nc=1 of supported hole distribution,

1. the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-SPL,

2. the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-oblique line,

(2) total circumference number nc >=2 of supported hole distribution,

1. the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-SPL,

2. the combination of SPL-horizontal linear-oblique line,

Wherein, R is the radius of mirror body, and i is taken as 2,3 ..., (na-1), A ₁, A _i1, A _i2, A _i3, A _nafor determining the distance of the reference point set by build-up curve to mirror body central shaft, P ₁, P _i, P _nafor determining that reference point set by build-up curve is to the outerplanar distance of back matrix; A ₁, A _i1, A _i2, A _i3,a _nameet following relation:

$\left\{\begin{array}{c}{A}_1\&le;R_1-r\\ A_{i1}\&GreaterEqual;R_{i-1}+r\\ A_{i1}\&le;A_{i3}\&le;A_{i2}\\ A_{i2}\&le;R_i-r\\ R_{\mathrm{na}-1}+r\&le;A_{\mathrm{na}}\&le;R\end{array}\right.,$

Wherein R _ibe the distance of the i-th circle supported hole center to Jing Ti center, r is supported hole hole wall external radius;

P ₁, P _i, P _nameet following relation:

P ₁<H ₀,P _i<H ₀,P _na<H ₀，

Wherein, H ₀for mirror mirror center is to the outerplanar distance of matrix.

7. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described back matrix (2) radially (5) is divided into the annular region of nc layer projection by annular groove, wherein, nc is total circumference number of described supported hole distribution.

8. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described hoop multiple arch shape is produced by set partial groove, in jth layer annular region from inside to outside, the shape of each partial groove is identical, the number nb of partial groove _jwith the number Nc of hoop multiple arch shape _jmeet:

nb _j＝m _j

Nc _j＝m _j，

Wherein, m _jfor the number in jth layer annular region inner support hole, j gets 1,2 ..., nc.

9. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of the one according to claim 4 or 8, it is characterized in that: described partial groove is positioned in the middle of adjacent two supported holes of hoop (6), for jth layer annular region, with the axis of symmetry between adjacent two supported holes of hoop (6), the outline line of partial groove is divided into symmetrical two parts, with the outerplanar intersection point of this axis of symmetry and matrix back for true origin, matrix back outerplanar is in xy plane, and the half outline line of partial groove meets following function:

1. horizontal linear-oblique line-Horizontal Straight Combination,

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}z=-Q_j& (0\&le;y\&le;B_{1j})\\ z=\frac{Q_j(y-B_{2j})}{B_{2j}-B_{1j}}& (B_{1j}\&le;y\&le;B_{2j})\\ z=0& (B_{2j}\&le;y\&le;d_c/2)\end{array}\right.;$

2. horizontal linear-SPL-Horizontal Straight Combination,

$\left\{\begin{array}{cc}z=-Q_j& (0\&le;y\&le;B_{1j})\\ z=\frac{Q_j{(y-B_{1j})}^2}{{(B_{2j}-B_{1j})}^2}-Q_j& (B_{1j}\&le;y\&le;B_{2j})\\ z=0& (B_{2j}\&le;y\&le;(d_c/2-r))\end{array}\right.;$

Wherein Q _jfor jth layer annular region inner groovy surface level is apart from the outerplanar distance of back matrix, B _1j, B _2jfor determining the distance of the reference point set by build-up curve to axis of symmetry, d _cfor the distance between adjacent two supported holes of same annular region, Q _j, B _1j, B _2jmeet following relation:

Wherein, H ₀for mirror mirror center is to the outerplanar distance of matrix.

10. the two-way multi-arch large-caliber space reflector of one according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described catoptron produces by after the annular groove arranged in back matrix (2) and local groove combination, when the radius R of catoptron, thickness H, the setting of lightweight hole, the support hole count m of back-supported and support arrangement mode are determined, by minimum for target with catoptron gross mass W, with PV and RMS of mirror shape for constraint, regulate the annular groove region shape parameter A of back matrix ₀, A _nc, A _i1, A _i2, A _i3, P ₁, P _i, P _nawith local recess region form parameter B _1j, B _2j, Q _j, obtain desirable two-way many domes, method as shown in the formula:

Wherein X is adjustable parameter vector, and ρ, V are respectively density of material and the volume of catoptron, and Ns is the node sum of minute surface when utilizing Finite Element Method to analyze mirror structure, U ₁, U ₂..., U _nsfor the displacement of all nodes of minute surface, with pV and RMS being respectively mirror mirror face shape retrains higher limit.