CN109188166A - Ground fault detection device and method - Google Patents
Ground fault detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109188166A CN109188166A CN201810990992.5A CN201810990992A CN109188166A CN 109188166 A CN109188166 A CN 109188166A CN 201810990992 A CN201810990992 A CN 201810990992A CN 109188166 A CN109188166 A CN 109188166A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
Abstract
The present invention relates to fault detection technique fields, provide ground fault detection device and method, and described device includes: first detection module, the second detection module and controller；The first detection module, one end connect the earthing pole of photovoltaic generating system, other end ground connection, the first controllable switch and the first current detecting unit including series connection；Second detection module, one end connect the ungrounded pole of photovoltaic generating system, other end ground connection, the second controllable switch and the second current detecting unit including series connection；The controller, the first sample rate current for being detected according to the first detection module and the second sample rate current of second detection module detection judge photovoltaic generating system in grid-connected preceding DC side and in being incorporated into the power networks DC side with side is exchanged whether there is ground fault, ground fault if it exists then sends alarm signal.Above-mentioned ground fault detection device can be realized the multipoint earth faults of photovoltaic generating system, guarantee system operational safety.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fault detection technique fields, are to be related to ground fault detection device and method more specifically.
Background technique
In photovoltaic generating system, since photovoltaic cell can be by polarity effect and transparent conductive oxide (TCO) erosion etc.
It influences, which will result directly in solar panel generating efficiency and decline to a great extent, even more so that solar panel permanent damages.Therefore, it is necessary to
By single-point grounding system being formed, to solve the above problems for cathode (or anode) ground connection of photovoltaic battery array.
It mostly uses fuse to be directly grounded the cathode of single-point grounding system in traditional technology, is being directly grounded failure
When, fault current is much larger than the rated current of fuse, and triggering fuse disconnects, achieve the effect that ground protection, but if
When multipoint earthing occurs, multiple grounding points are respectively formed respective current loop, then, the fault current for flowing through fuse may be small
In rated current, can not effective trigger protection, the larger value is kept for a long time so as to cause fault current, so that ground cable insulate
Aging, or even cause fire.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide ground fault detection device and methods, it is intended to which solution in the prior art can not be to light
The multipoint earth faults occurred in photovoltaic generating system effectively detect, and cause ground cable because flowing through biggish fault current for a long time
When insulation ag(e)ing, or even the problem of cause fire.
The first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides ground fault detection device, comprising: first detection module, the second detection
Module and controller；
The first detection module, one end connects the earthing pole of photovoltaic generating system, other end ground connection, including is connected in series
The first controllable switch and the first current detecting unit；
Second detection module, one end connect the ungrounded pole of photovoltaic generating system, other end ground connection, including series connection and connect
The second controllable switch and the second current detecting unit connect；
First current detecting unit, in first controllable switch closure and second controllable switch disconnection
When, the earthing pole is obtained to the first sample rate current between ground, and first sample rate current is sent to the controller；
Second current detecting unit, in second controllable switch closure and first controllable switch disconnection
When, the ungrounded pole, which is obtained, to the second sample rate current between ground, and by second sample rate current is sent to the control
Device；
The controller, for judging photovoltaic generating system according to first sample rate current and second sample rate current
In grid-connected preceding DC side and in being incorporated into the power networks DC side with exchange side with the presence or absence of ground fault, ground fault if it exists,
Then send alarm signal.
Optionally, the controller includes switch control unit；The switch control unit, in photovoltaic generating system
Control first controllable switch is alternately closed with second controllable switch before grid-connected.
Optionally, the controller includes: the first comparing unit and the second comparing unit；First comparing unit is used
In first sample rate current to be compared with the first preset threshold, preset if first sample rate current is greater than described first
Threshold value then generates the first alarm signal, and disconnects first controllable switch according to first alarm signal；Second ratio
Compared with unit, for second sample rate current to be compared with the second preset threshold, if second sample rate current is greater than institute
The second preset threshold is stated, then generates the second alarm signal, and second controllable switch is disconnected according to second alarm signal；
Wherein, the alarm signal includes first alarm signal and second alarm signal.
Optionally, first comparing unit is also used in being incorporated into the power networks be generated according to first alarm signal and control
The signal that inverter in photovoltaic generating system is closed.
Optionally, first current detecting unit includes: the first current sensor, is adopted for directly detecting described first
Sample electric current；And/or second current detecting unit includes: the second current sensor, for directly detecting second sampling
Electric current.
Optionally, the first detection module further include: the first mistake being connected in series with first current detecting unit
Flow protection location；And/or second detection module further include: second be connected in series with second current detecting unit
Over-current protecting unit.
The second aspect of the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of single-point grounding system, including ground connection described in any of the above embodiments
Fault detection means.
The third aspect of the embodiment of the present invention also provides earth-fault detecting method, comprising:
Obtain the earthing pole ground connection of photovoltaic generating system and it is ungrounded extremely earth-free when the earthing pole to the between ground
One sample rate current；
The ungrounded pole is between ground when the ungrounded pole for obtaining photovoltaic generating system is grounded and earthing pole is earth-free
Second sample rate current；
Judge photovoltaic generating system in grid-connected preceding direct current according to first sample rate current and second sample rate current
Side and be incorporated into the power networks middle DC side with exchange side with the presence or absence of ground fault, ground fault, then send alarm signal if it exists.
Optionally, described to judge photovoltaic generating system simultaneously according to first sample rate current and second sample rate current
DC side and the middle DC side that is incorporated into the power networks before net whether there is ground fault with side is exchanged, and ground fault, then send out if it exists
Send alarm signal, comprising:
First sample rate current is compared with the first preset threshold, if first sample rate current is greater than described the
One preset threshold then generates the first alarm signal, and is disconnected between the earthing pole and ground according to first alarm signal
Connection；
Second sample rate current is compared with the second preset threshold, if second sample rate current is greater than described the
Two preset thresholds then generate the second alarm signal, and are disconnected between the ungrounded pole and ground according to second alarm signal
Connection；
Wherein, the alarm signal includes first alarm signal and second alarm signal.
Optionally, the earth-fault detecting method further include:
The inverter in photovoltaic generating system is controlled according to first alarm signal in being incorporated into the power networks to close.
The beneficial effect of ground fault detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention and method is: with prior art phase
Than, ground fault detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, by being arranged connect with the earthing pole of photovoltaic generating system the
One detection module detects grid-connected preceding ungrounded pole and the middle ground fault for exchanging side that is incorporated into the power networks, and the non-of photovoltaic generating system is arranged
Second detection module of earthing pole connection detect grid-connected preceding earthing pole with the ground fault that exchanges side, can be realized photovoltaic power generation system
Unite it is grid-connected before the multipoint earth faults that occur and in being incorporated into the power networks ungrounded pole with exchange the effective of ground fault that side occurs
Detection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of ground fault detection device provided by one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the first detection module for the ground fault detection device that further embodiment of this invention provides；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for the ground fault detection device that yet another embodiment of the invention provides；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of ground fault detection device provided by one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of ground fault detection device provided by one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of ground fault detection device provided by one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of ground fault detection device provided by one embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of earth-fault detecting method provided by one embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference: first detection module 10, the second detection module 20, controller 30, the first current detecting unit 11, the
One controllable switch 12, the first over-current protecting unit 13, the second current detecting unit 21, the second controllable switch 22, the second overcurrent are protected
Protect unit 23.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved are more clearly understood, tie below
Accompanying drawings and embodiments are closed, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only
To explain the present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Specific embodiment:
It should be noted that for ease of description, single-point grounding system described in the embodiment of the present application, with photovoltaic generating system
For, including converting the solar into electric energy and export the photovoltaic array of direct current, and direct current is converted into alternating current
Inverter DC/AC；The single-point grounding refers to that the grounding point for only allowing existence anduniquess in photovoltaic generating system (is set to photovoltaic battle array
The positive or negative pole of column output end, the i.e. positive or negative pole of DC side), for ease of description, the embodiment of the present application is connect with cathode
For ground system.
As shown in Figure 1, ground fault detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising: first detection module 10, second
Detection module 20 and controller 30.
First detection module 10, one end connect the earthing pole of photovoltaic generating system, other end ground connection, including series connection
First controllable switch 12 and the first current detecting unit 11.
Second detection module 20, one end connects the ungrounded pole of photovoltaic generating system, other end ground connection, including is connected in series
The second controllable switch 22 and the second current detecting unit 21.
First current detecting unit 11 is used to be closed in first controllable switch 12 and second controllable switch 22 is disconnected
When opening, the earthing pole is obtained to the first sample rate current between ground, and first sample rate current is sent to controller 30.
Second current detecting unit 21 is used to be closed in second controllable switch 22 and first controllable switch 12 is disconnected
When opening, the ungrounded pole is obtained to the second sample rate current between ground, and by second sample rate current and is sent to controller
30。
Controller 30, for judging to send out in grid-connected preceding photovoltaic according to first sample rate current and second sample rate current
The DC side of electric system, and in being incorporated into the power networks the DC side of photovoltaic generating system with exchange side with the presence or absence of ground fault,
Ground fault if it exists then sends alarm signal.
The earthing pole refers to the electrode of existence anduniquess grounding point in photovoltaic generating system, in negative ground system, institute
Stating earthing pole is cathode；The ungrounded pole refers to the electrode opposite with the earthing pole, described non-in negative ground system
Earthing pole is anode.
The working principle of above-mentioned ground fault detection device are as follows: the first current detecting unit 11 is in first controllable switch
12 closures and when second controllable switch 22 disconnects, obtain the earthing pole to the first sample rate current between ground, and by institute
It states the first sample rate current and is sent to controller 30；Second current detecting unit 21 is closed and described in second controllable switch 22
When first controllable switch 12 disconnects, obtains the ungrounded pole and sampled to the second sample rate current between ground, and by described second
Electric current is sent to controller 30；Controller 30 judges photovoltaic power generation according to first sample rate current and second sample rate current
System in grid-connected preceding DC side and in being incorporated into the power networks DC side with exchange side with the presence or absence of ground fault, if it exists ground connection therefore
Barrier, then send alarm signal.
Compared with prior art, above-mentioned ground fault detection device detects grid-connected preceding non-connect by first detection module 10
Earth polar and the middle ground fault for exchanging side that is incorporated into the power networks, the second detection module 20 detect grid-connected preceding earthing pole and the ground connection that exchanges side
Failure can be realized the multipoint earth faults occurred to grid-connected preceding photovoltaic generating system, and the middle photovoltaic power generation system that is incorporated into the power networks
It is effectively detected with the ground fault for exchanging side appearance the ungrounded pole of system.
As shown in figure 3, disconnecting the first controllable switch 12 before the grid-connected booting of photovoltaic generating system, closure second is controllably opened
Close 22.If cathode is less than normal to ground resistance or short-circuit at this time, by circuit shown in Fig. 3, fault ground point G1 is controllably opened by way of second
Closing the 22, second current detecting unit 21 causes positive and negative anodes short-circuit, and second sample rate current detected increases.When controller 30
When getting current anomaly information, the second controllable switch 22 of control is disconnected, and issues alarm, does not allow inverter to be switched on, and guarantees system
System safety.
As shown in figure 4, disconnecting the second controllable switch 22 before the grid-connected booting of photovoltaic generating system, closure first is controllably opened
Close 12.If anode is less than normal to ground resistance or short-circuit at this time, by circuit shown in Fig. 4, fault ground point G2 is controllably opened by way of first
Closing the 12, first current detecting unit 11 causes positive and negative anodes short-circuit, and first sample rate current detected increases.When controller 30
When getting current anomaly information, the first controllable switch 12 of control is disconnected, and issues alarm, does not allow inverter to be switched on, and guarantees system
System safety.
During being incorporated into the power networks, if ground short circuit occurs for anode, it again may be by circuit shown in Fig. 4, protected.
As shown in figs. 5 and 6, after confirming DC side naked problem, the first controllable switch 12 can be normally attracted, and make cathode
Ground connection.Inverter can be with normal boot-strap at this time.Due to using the non-isolated inversion topological of three level of I type, if going out after grid-connected inverters
Existing AC single phase shorted to earth or neutral point are less than normal to ground resistance or short-circuit, then alternating voltage will be by as shown in figs. 5 and 6
Circuit, grounding point G3 or grounding point G4 cause positive and negative anodes short-circuit by way of the first controllable switch 12, the first current detection module,
Electric current is detected to increase.When controller 30 gets current anomaly information, the first controllable switch 12 of control is disconnected, and issues alarm,
Inverter shutdown is controlled, guarantees system safety.
Optionally, controller 30 includes switch control unit；The switch control unit, for photovoltaic generating system simultaneously
Control first controllable switch 12 is alternately closed with second controllable switch 22 before net.
In a specific embodiment, controller 30 includes: the first comparing unit and the second comparing unit；First ratio
Compared with unit, for first sample rate current to be compared with the first preset threshold, if first sample rate current is greater than institute
The first preset threshold is stated, then generates the first alarm signal, and first controllable switch is disconnected according to first alarm signal
12；Second comparing unit, for second sample rate current to be compared with the second preset threshold, if described second adopts
Sample electric current is greater than second preset threshold, then generates the second alarm signal, and according to second alarm signal disconnection
Second controllable switch 22；Wherein, the alarm signal includes first alarm signal and second alarm signal.
Optionally, first comparing unit is also used in being incorporated into the power networks be generated according to first alarm signal and control
The signal that inverter in photovoltaic generating system is closed.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the first current detecting unit 11 includes: the first current sensor；Institute
The first current sensor is stated for directly detecting first sample rate current；And/or second current detecting unit 21 include:
Two current sensors；Second current sensor is for directly detecting second sample rate current.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, first detection module 10 further include: with the first current detecting unit
11 the first over-current protecting units 13 being connected in series；And/or second detection module 20 further include: with the second current detecting unit
21 the second over-current protecting units 23 being connected in series.
Optionally, the first over-current protecting unit 13 and the second over-current protecting unit 23 can be fuse or fuse.
When abnormal conditions lead to the first controllable switch 12 and the second controllable switch 22 can not be disconnected effectively, if occurring as schemed
Ground fault shown in 3 to 6, then the first over-current protecting unit 13 or the second over-current protecting unit 23 are blown；Controller 30 obtains
23 off state of first over-current protecting unit 13 or the second over-current protecting unit issues alarm, and inverter is not allowed to be switched on or make
Inverter shutdown guarantees system safety.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, grounding point G5 is logical when abnormal conditions cause the second controllable switch 22 not disconnect effectively
The second controllable switch 22, the second current detecting unit 21 and the second over-current protecting unit 23 are crossed, causes positive and negative anodes short-circuit, so that the
Two over-current protecting units 23 are blown, and controller 30 obtains 23 off state of the second over-current protecting unit, are issued alarm, are not allowed inverse
Become device booting or inverter is made to shut down, guarantees system safety.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of single-point grounding system, including Earth Fault Detection described in any of the above embodiments dress
It sets.The photovoltaic generating system that the single-point grounding system forms during including photovoltaic array, inverter, alternating-current switch etc., passes through institute
It states ground fault detection device and realizes real-time detection to the pre-detection before system grid connection and in being incorporated into the power networks, ensure that system
Safety.
As shown in figure 8, the embodiment of the present invention also provides earth-fault detecting method, comprising:
Step 101, the earthing pole ground connection for obtaining photovoltaic generating system and it is ungrounded extremely earth-free when the earthing pole to
Between the first sample rate current；
The ungrounded pole is arrived when step 102, the ungrounded pole ground connection for obtaining photovoltaic generating system and earth-free earthing pole
The second sample rate current between ground；
Step 103 judges photovoltaic generating system grid-connected according to first sample rate current and second sample rate current
Preceding DC side and the middle DC side that is incorporated into the power networks whether there is ground fault with side is exchanged, and ground fault, then send if it exists
Alarm signal.
In a specific embodiment, step 103 specifically includes step:
First sample rate current is compared by step 1031 with the first preset threshold, if first sample rate current
Greater than first preset threshold, then the first alarm signal is generated, and the earthing pole is disconnected according to first alarm signal
Connection between ground；
Second sample rate current is compared by step 1032 with the second preset threshold, if second sample rate current
Greater than second preset threshold, then the second alarm signal is generated, and described ungrounded according to second alarm signal disconnection
Connection between pole and ground；
Wherein, the alarm signal includes first alarm signal and second alarm signal.
On the basis of the above embodiments, the earth-fault detecting method further include:
Step 104, in being incorporated into the power networks according to first alarm signal control photovoltaic generating system in inverter close
It closes.
Earth-fault detecting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the earthing pole by obtaining photovoltaic generating system respectively connect
Ground and it is ungrounded extremely earth-free when the earthing pole to the ungrounded pole of the first sample rate current and photovoltaic generating system between ground
The ground connection and ungrounded pole is to the second sample rate current between ground when earthing pole is earth-free, and according to the first sampling electricity
Stream and second sample rate current, it is abnormal to judge whether there is ground connection, can be realized to photovoltaic generating system it is grid-connected it is preceding with simultaneously
The effective detection for netting running multipoint earth faults, guarantees the normal operation of system.
Term " first ", " second " be used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or
Implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic." first " is defined as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or imply
Ground includes one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more, unless
Separately there is clearly specific restriction.
Those skilled in the art are understood that realize all or part of step that above-described embodiment method carries
It suddenly is that relevant hardware can be instructed to complete by program, the program can store in a kind of computer-readable storage medium
In matter, which when being executed, includes the steps that one or a combination set of embodiment of the method.
It, can also be in addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention can integrate in a processing module
It is that each unit physically exists alone, can also be integrated in two or more units in a module.Above-mentioned integrated mould
Block both can take the form of hardware realization, can also be realized in the form of software function module.The integrated module is such as
Fruit is realized and when sold or used as an independent product in the form of software function module, also can store in a computer
In read/write memory medium.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. ground fault detection device characterized by comprising first detection module, the second detection module and controller；
The first detection module, one end connect the earthing pole of photovoltaic generating system, other end ground connection, and the including series connection
One controllable switch and the first current detecting unit；
Second detection module, one end connect the ungrounded pole of photovoltaic generating system, other end ground connection, including series connection
Second controllable switch and the second current detecting unit；
First current detecting unit is used in first controllable switch closure and second controllable switch disconnection,
The earthing pole is obtained to the first sample rate current between ground, and first sample rate current is sent to the controller；
Second current detecting unit is used in second controllable switch closure and first controllable switch disconnection,
The ungrounded pole is obtained to the second sample rate current between ground, and second sample rate current is sent to the controller；
The controller, for judging photovoltaic generating system simultaneously according to first sample rate current and second sample rate current
DC side and the middle DC side that is incorporated into the power networks before net whether there is ground fault with side is exchanged, and ground fault, then send out if it exists
Send alarm signal.
2. ground fault detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the controller includes switch control list
Member；
The switch control unit, can with described second for control first controllable switch before photovoltaic generating system is grid-connected
Control switch is alternately closed.
3. ground fault detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the controller includes: first to compare
Unit and the second comparing unit；
First comparing unit, for first sample rate current to be compared with the first preset threshold, if described first
Sample rate current is greater than first preset threshold, then generates the first alarm signal, and disconnect institute according to first alarm signal
State the first controllable switch；
Second comparing unit, for second sample rate current to be compared with the second preset threshold, if described second
Sample rate current is greater than second preset threshold, then generates the second alarm signal, and disconnect institute according to second alarm signal
State the second controllable switch；
Wherein, the alarm signal includes first alarm signal and second alarm signal.
4. ground fault detection device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that first comparing unit is also used to
It is incorporated into the power networks and the signal that the inverter in control photovoltaic generating system is closed is generated according to first alarm signal.
5. ground fault detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
First current detecting unit includes: the first current sensor, for directly detecting first sample rate current；
And/or
Second current detecting unit includes: the second current sensor, for directly detecting second sample rate current.
6. ground fault detection device according to claim 1-5, which is characterized in that
The first detection module further include: the first over-current protecting unit being connected in series with first current detecting unit；
And/or
Second detection module further include: the second over-current protecting unit being connected in series with second current detecting unit.
7. single-point grounding system, which is characterized in that including the described in any item ground fault detection devices of claim 1-5.
8. earth-fault detecting method characterized by comprising
When the earthing pole of acquisition photovoltaic generating system is grounded and is ungrounded extremely earth-free, the earthing pole is adopted to first between ground
Sample electric current；
When obtaining the ungrounded pole ground connection of photovoltaic generating system and earth-free earthing pole, the ungrounded pole to second between ground
Sample rate current；
According to first sample rate current and second sample rate current judge photovoltaic generating system grid-connected preceding DC side with
And the middle DC side that is incorporated into the power networks whether there is ground fault with side is exchanged, ground fault, then send alarm signal if it exists.
9. earth-fault detecting method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described according to first sample rate current
With second sample rate current judge photovoltaic generating system in grid-connected preceding DC side and in being incorporated into the power networks DC side with exchange
Side whether there is ground fault, and ground fault, then send alarm signal if it exists, comprising:
First sample rate current is compared with the first preset threshold, if first sample rate current is greater than described first in advance
If threshold value, then the first alarm signal is generated, and disconnects the connection between the earthing pole and ground according to first alarm signal；
Second sample rate current is compared with the second preset threshold, if second sample rate current is greater than described second in advance
If threshold value, then the second alarm signal is generated, and the company between the ungrounded pole and ground is disconnected according to second alarm signal
It connects；
Wherein, the alarm signal includes first alarm signal and second alarm signal.
10. earth-fault detecting method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that further include:
The inverter in photovoltaic generating system is controlled according to first alarm signal in being incorporated into the power networks to close.
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| CN110687476A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-01-14 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Grounding detection method and application equipment thereof |
| CN112034283A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-04 | 重庆尚翔电气技术有限公司 | Device, system and process for detecting and positioning aluminum electrolysis cell ground fault |
| CN113608145A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-11-05 | 科华数据股份有限公司 | Multi-path photovoltaic module ground fault detection device and detection method |
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