CN109187629B - Equivalent thermal resistance detection method of heat-insulating coating for building - Google Patents
Equivalent thermal resistance detection method of heat-insulating coating for building Download PDFInfo
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting equivalent thermal resistance of a heat-insulating coating for buildings. The invention can quantitatively design the equivalent thermal resistance for blocking heat radiation of the thermal insulation coating for the building, and can distinguish the truth and the goodness of the thermal insulation coating according to the size of the equivalent thermal resistance and each using unit and a detection mechanism. The global demand is generated as soon as possible by the detection equipment, the application market prospect is very good, and the popularization value is very good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building coating detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting equivalent thermal resistance of a thermal insulation coating for a building.
Background
The building heat-insulating coating has the advantages of high-efficiency heat-insulating and heat-preserving effects on sunlight, far, middle and near infrared wide wave radiation and heat radiation, excellent ultraviolet resistance, supernormal pollution resistance, good adhesive force, washing resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, mildew resistance and the like, and is a novel building heat-insulating material with excellent performance, strong applicability and high technical content in the field of modern building heat insulation and preservation.
The cost of the energy-saving functional coating for buildings is much higher than that of the common coating, but the functional coating and the common coating cannot be identified by naked eyes after construction, and how to detect the difference of the coatings and the function of the coatings becomes a big problem.
The detection device and the detection method for equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating with the patent publication number of CN102980911A are found through retrieval, and specifically, a thermocouple and a solar radiation sensor are connected with a detector through signals, and the detector is connected with a computing terminal through signals; the detection method comprises respectively sticking thermocouples with metal sheets on the middle parts of the outer surfaces of the outer walls with adhesive; after the adhesive is dried thoroughly and firmly, respectively brushing heat-insulating paint and common paint on the outer surface of the outer wall; enabling an outer wall body to be detected to receive solar radiation, and acquiring data by using a solar radiation sensor; and after continuously collecting the effective data of four days of the solar radiation sensor for seven days, transmitting the effective data to a computing terminal, and calculating the equivalent thermal resistance of the wall thermal insulation coating by combining computing software. By the mode, the technology can accurately acquire data to participate in calculation by combining an on-site thermal detection method according to conditions required by on-site detection of the thermal insulation coating, can effectively output a temperature curve to analyze, and can calculate the equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating.
The above technique is a non-steady state examination method. The error is 50% as large as the weather influence, and the test time is long. The cost is high, the device is not applicable, the device is only suitable for materials for conduction and heat transfer and is not suitable for the thermal resistance test of radiation heat-insulating materials, and meanwhile, other detection devices and methods capable of detecting the energy-saving function of the coating are not available in the prior art. Therefore, the pseudo coating and the inferior coating are also approved to be used, thereby causing huge loss to the nation and users, really having excellent global advanced high-tech environment-friendly materials, and effectively popularizing the heat-insulating coating which can not be quickly inspected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the inventor of the invention continuously reforms and innovates through long-term exploration and trial and multiple experiments and efforts, and provides a method for detecting equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating for buildings.
The specific technical scheme is as follows: the invention also provides a method for detecting equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating for buildings, which comprises the following steps: coating a coating to be measured on one half area (a coating plate to be measured) of a top plate (namely an inner top plate 6 of the equipment), and arranging a common plastic plate or a contrast coating on the other half area (a contrast coating plate);
data acquisition: collecting the heat flux density and temperature of the coating to be measured and the contrast coating through a data collector under the same environment;
calculating equivalent thermal resistance: the calculation formula of the heat radiation blocking equivalent thermal resistance Re of the building heat-insulating coating is as follows: re ═ R "j-R'i
In the formula:
R″j: the equivalent of the radiant heat flux density in the vertical direction between the plastic plate coated with the heat-preservation and heat-insulation coating and the bottom plate is the thermal resistance of the heat conduction heat flux density;
R′i: the equivalent of the radiation heat flow density in the vertical direction between the plastic plate which is not coated with the heat-preservation heat-insulation coating and the bottom plate is the thermal resistance of the heat conduction heat flow density;
wherein R ″)jAnd R'iHas the same algorithm as that of (1), specifically
In the formula: s is the distance between each measuring point and the corresponding measuring point (namely the distance between the two measuring points when the temperature difference is measured);
delta T is the temperature difference between the test points;
Δ t is the interval time of each test;
q is the heat flux density;
and deltax is the distance between the test points.
The method for calculating the equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating for the building comprises the following steps:
according to the fourier law:
q is the heat transfer per unit time; a is the area of the heat transfer bottom plate (partition plate); λ is the coefficient of thermal conductivity;
is a temperature gradient.
I.e. the part facing the roof I (the part of the roof not coated with paint or the part of the roof coated with a comparative paint)) Heat transferred during Δ t time:
heat transferred to part ii of the ceiling (the part of the ceiling coated with the coating to be tested) during Δ t:
λ1、λ2thermal conductivity of the first and second parts of the top plate, A1、A2The areas of the first part and the second part of the top plate are respectively.
While only considering the heat transferred in the vertical direction: and is provided with
(A is the area of the heat transfer base plate/the area of the partition plate)
Thermal resistance of part I transferred in delta t time
Thermal resistance transferred by part II in delta t time
(Δ t is the test interval)
Substituting the third step into the first step; substituting into
λ1The equivalent thermal conductivity of the part I of the top plate; lambda [ alpha ]2The equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the top plate II part;
then there are:
roof I part:
wherein: (thermal resistance R 'is equivalent thermal resistance of the top plate I part) (thermal resistance R' is equivalent thermal resistance of the top plate II part)
Part II of the top plate:
in the formula, n represents: the number of the thermal resistances of the I part or the II part is the same as that of the two parts.
Equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating: re ═ R "j-R'i
Average equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating:
thereby obtaining the equivalent thermal resistance (average equivalent thermal resistance) of the building heat-insulating coating.
In the above formula: i is the ith measuring point of the part of the top plate I; j is the jth measuring point of the top plate II part; the part I of the top plate is not coated with the coating or the coating is different from the coating (the heat preservation and insulation coating for the building) on the top plate II.
According to the invention, the further technical scheme is that the method for detecting the equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating for the building has the following steps that the room temperature for detecting equipment is 25 ℃, and the water content in the air is as follows: 60% +/-5%.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages/beneficial effects:
1) the invention has simple test and short test time, and only needs 7 minutes.
2) The invention is sealed in the same environment during testing, and has high accuracy.
3) The device has the advantages of simple structure, low equipment cost and low detection cost, and is suitable for wide popularization.
The invention can quantitatively design the equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating for the building, and can distinguish the truth and the goodness of the thermal insulation coating according to the size of the equivalent thermal resistance and each using unit and a detection mechanism. The global demand is generated as soon as possible, the application market prospect is very good, and the popularization value is very good.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a table of equivalent thermal resistance test of the thermal insulation coating.
In the figure: insulation can 1, test cavity 101, heating cavity 102, carriage 103, baffle 2, mounting bracket 3, mounting panel 301, heat flux density piece 4, thermocouple 5, roof 6, heat source 7, inlet tube 701, outlet pipe 702.
Detailed Description
The drawings are described in detail in the embodiments of the invention, and technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention are clearly and completely described. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it may not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to collect data conveniently, the invention provides an equivalent thermal resistance detection device for thermal insulation coating for buildings for blocking thermal radiation. The detection equipment comprises a heat source 7 and an insulation can 1, wherein the heat source is communicated with the heating cavity and provides stable heat energy for the heating cavity. Wherein the heat source 7 adopts a boiling water constant temperature boiler. Then, a supporting frame 103 is installed in the thermal insulation box 1, and the supporting frame 103 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the thermal insulation box 1 and has a height smaller than the height of the inner space of the thermal insulation box 1. Then, the partition 2 made of a plastic plate is installed on the support frame 103 such that the partition 2 divides the incubator 1 into two mutually independent spaces, a test chamber 101 and a heating chamber 102, respectively. Then, the heating cavity 102 is communicated with a boiling water constant temperature boiler through a water inlet pipe 701 and a water outlet pipe 702 to form water circulation heat supply so that the heat degree in the insulation box is relatively stable. The heating cavity is composed of two layers, the outer layer is a heat-insulating material layer, and the inner layer is a stainless steel layer, so that heat insulation and heat preservation can be realized while heat is conducted inside.
The test chamber 101 is internally provided with a mounting rack 3, and the mounting rack 3 adopts a stainless steel frame. Then, two or more layers of non-metal material mounting plates 301 in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi' are arranged on the mounting frame 3, the heat flow density sheet 4 and the thermocouple 5 for collecting relevant data are arranged on the mounting plates 301, and the mounting plates 301 are non-metal material plates. When the device is installed, two thermocouples 5 are respectively installed at two ends of the heat flow density sheet 4, the thermocouples 5 are connected with a temperature recorder, and the heat flow density sheet 4 is connected with the heat flow density recorder. Then every two thermocouples are matched and combined with one heat flow density sheet to form a test point which is mainly used for detecting the space temperature of the coating and the heat flow of unit time. A plurality of test points are mounted on each layer of the mounting plate 301 as required to enable the data acquisition to be more accurate, and the test points between each layer are on the same vertical line. The box roof of insulation can sets up interior roof 6 for the preparation of plastic slab, and interior roof 6 has been divided into two parts of the flitch of scribbling that awaits measuring and contrast flitch of scribbling. When the device is specifically arranged, the distance between the inner top plate 6 and the partition plate 2 is larger than 1000mm, the length of the box body is larger than 2000mm, and the distance is large in size and small in test error.
In this embodiment, the top panel (inner top plate) of the thermal insulation box 1 is a standard plastic plate, the test cavity on the upper portion of the thermal insulation box is surrounded by thermal insulation plates, and the heating cavity plate of the thermal insulation box is composed of an outer standard thermal insulation plate and an inner standard stainless steel plate. The equivalent thermal resistance index measured in this way is not affected by material differences.
The specific working principle of the detection device is that the average value of the thermal resistance of each measuring point of the coating part to be detected is subtracted from the average value of the thermal resistance of each measuring point of the coating part to be detected within a certain time. Namely the equivalent thermal resistance of the building heat-preservation and heat-insulation coating.
Based on the detection equipment, the invention provides a method for detecting equivalent thermal resistance of a heat-insulating coating for buildings, which comprises the following specific steps:
1. half area of the inner top plate is coated with the heat preservation and insulation coating to be tested, the other half area is a light plate, the thickness of all coatings in the embodiment is 0.3mm, and the thickness difference is controlled within 10% due to manual coating.
2. Preheating equipment: starting a heat source until the temperature in the heat insulation box is stable (namely the tested environment temperature);
3. data acquisition: collecting the heat flux density on each test point through a data collector;
4. calculating equivalent thermal resistance: the calculation principle is as follows: the calculation formula of the heat radiation blocking equivalent thermal resistance Re of the building heat-insulating coating is as follows: re ═ R "j-R'i
In the formula:
R″j: the equivalent of the radiant heat flux density in the vertical direction between the plastic plate coated with the heat-preservation and heat-insulation coating and the bottom plate is the thermal resistance of the heat conduction heat flux density;
R′i: the equivalent of the radiation heat flow density in the vertical direction between the plastic plate which is not coated with the heat-preservation heat-insulation coating and the bottom plate is the thermal resistance of the heat conduction heat flow density;
wherein R ″)jAnd R'iHas the same algorithm as that of (1), specifically
In the formula: s is the distance between each measuring point and the corresponding measuring point (namely the distance between the two measuring points when the temperature difference is measured);
delta T is the temperature difference between the test points;
Δ t is the interval time of each test;
q is the heat flux density;
and deltax is the distance between the test points.
And the method for calculating the equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating for the building comprises the following steps:
according to the Fourier law:
q is the heat transfer per unit time; a is the area of the heat transfer bottom plate (partition plate); λ is the coefficient of thermal conductivity;
is a temperature gradient.
The heat transferred to the portion of the top plate i within Δ t can thus be obtained:
heat transferred to the top plate ii portion within Δ t:
λ1、λ2thermal conductivity of the first and second parts of the top plate, A1、A2The areas of the first part and the second part of the top plate are respectively.
While only the heat transferred in the vertical direction is considered in the calculation: and is provided with
(A is the heat transfer floor area/baffle area);
thermal resistance of part I transferred in delta t time
Thermal resistance transferred by part II in delta t time
(Δ t is the test interval)
Substituting the third step into the first step; substituting into
λ1The equivalent thermal conductivity of the part I of the top plate; lambda [ alpha ]2The equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the top plate II part;
then there are:
roof I part:
can obtain
Can obtain
Wherein: (thermal resistance R 'is equivalent thermal resistance of the top plate I part) (thermal resistance R' is equivalent thermal resistance of the top plate II part)
The average equivalent thermal resistance of the second part of the top plate is:
in the formula, n represents: the number of the thermal resistances of the I part or the II part is the same as that of the two parts.
Therefore, the equivalent thermal resistance of each test point of the heat-insulating coating is as follows: re ═ R "j-R'iThe equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating is as follows:
equivalent thermal conductivity coefficient of the thermal insulation coating:
thereby obtaining the equivalent thermal resistance (average equivalent thermal resistance) and the equivalent thermal conductivity coefficient of the building thermal insulation coating.
In the above formula: i is the ith measuring point of the part of the top plate I; j is the jth measuring point of the top plate II part; the part I of the top plate is not coated with the coating or the coating is different from the coating (the heat preservation and insulation coating for the building) on the top plate II.
The detection method is characterized in that the room temperature of the detection equipment is 25 ℃, and the water content in the air is as follows: completion in 60% +/-5%.
The areas of the paint to be measured and the comparative paint can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and corresponding parameters are replaced into the formula to calculate the corresponding equivalent thermal resistance value and the equivalent thermal conductivity coefficient.
In the embodiment, three different coatings, namely a light plate, a heat-insulating coating and a reflective heat-insulating coating, are selected for test tests, and the thermocouple and the current density sheet are only provided with an upper layer and a lower layer, so that S in the formula is the distance between the bottom plate (namely the partition plate 2) and the top plate at the moment. The detection is shown in fig. 3. FIG. 3 is a table for testing equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating.
The data in the table of figure 3 is then fit into a calculation formula, so that the equivalent thermal resistances of various materials can be calculated. Meanwhile, the data in the table show that the detection method has the technical advantages of rapidness, accuracy and the like, and is completely suitable for detecting the performance of the heat-insulating coating, so that the authenticity can be distinguished.
The equivalent thermal resistance described herein is: the heat radiation heat flow density of each test point in the box space is equivalent to the heat resistance calculated by the heat conduction heat flow density of the space.
The equivalent thermal resistance is: as the heat-insulating coating is a mechanism and an effect for blocking heat radiation, the temperature of a space vertically corresponding to the part coated with the heat-insulating coating is increased, the equivalent thermal resistance is increased, which is equivalent to the increase of the thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating, and the equivalent thermal resistance is regarded as the equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating.
The equivalent thermal conductivity is: and calculating the heat conductivity coefficient of each measuring point in the box space by using the equivalent thermal resistance.
The equivalent thermal conductivity is: and the heat conductivity coefficient calculated according to the equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating and the thickness of the heat-insulating coating is the heat conductivity coefficient (virtual heat conductivity coefficient) of the heat-insulating coating.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for detecting equivalent thermal resistance of a thermal insulation coating for a building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation of test paint: coating a paint to be tested on one half area of a top plate of the testing equipment, and arranging a common plastic plate or a contrast paint on the other half area;
the test equipment comprises a heat source and an insulation can, wherein a partition plate is arranged in the insulation can and divides the insulation can into two mutually independent test cavities and heating cavities; the heat source is communicated with the heating cavity to provide stable heat energy for the heating cavity, an installation frame is arranged in the test cavity, two or more layers of installation plates are arranged on the installation frame, a data collector is arranged on the installation plates, and the top in the box body of the heat insulation box is provided with a coating plate to be tested and a contrast coating plate;
2) data acquisition: collecting the heat flux density and temperature of the coating to be measured and the contrast coating through a data collector under the same environment;
3) calculating equivalent thermal resistance: the calculation formula of the heat radiation blocking equivalent thermal resistance Re of the building heat-insulating coating is as follows: re ═ Rj”-R”i
In the formula:
R”j: the equivalent of the radiation heat flow density in the vertical direction between the plastic plate coated with the heat preservation and insulation coating and the bottom plate is the thermal resistance value of the heat conduction heat flow density;
R”i: the equivalent of the radiation heat flow density in the vertical direction between the plastic plate which is not coated with the heat-preservation heat-insulation coating and the bottom plate is the thermal resistance of the heat conduction heat flow density;
in the formula: s is the distance between each measuring point and the corresponding measuring point, namely the distance between the two measuring points when the temperature difference is measured;
delta T is the temperature difference between the test points;
q is the heat flux density;
delta X is the distance between the test points;
average equivalent thermal resistance of the heat-insulating coating for buildings:
2. The method for detecting the equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating for the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the tested environment is 25 ℃ and the relative humidity of air is 60% ± 5%.
3. The method for detecting the equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the top plate is a plastic plate.
4. The method for detecting the equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating for the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom plate is a plastic plate.
5. The method for detecting the equivalent thermal resistance of the thermal insulation coating for the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the coating on the top plate is less than 0.3 mm.
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