CN109187261A - A kind of analysis method of soil aggregate stability - Google Patents
A kind of analysis method of soil aggregate stability Download PDFInfo
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- CN109187261A CN109187261A CN201810978905.4A CN201810978905A CN109187261A CN 109187261 A CN109187261 A CN 109187261A CN 201810978905 A CN201810978905 A CN 201810978905A CN 109187261 A CN109187261 A CN 109187261A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of analysis methods of soil aggregate stability, comprising the following steps: (1) chooses the soil for being suitble to sampling, and acquire soil sample；(2) after sample removal impurity, naturally dry is numbered；(3) sample is weighed, dry screen is carried out；(4) sample is collected, weighs respectively, calculates the percentage that aggregates at different levels account for soil sample；(5) it is made into the air-dried soil sample of certain mass in proportion；(6) wet screening bushing screen is put on oscillation frame；(7) configured sample is put into bushing screen, is vibrated up and down in water；(8) after vibration stops, it is transferred to evaporating dish, is evaporated weighing；(9) data analysis is carried out, each soil aggregate stability evaluation parameter is obtained；(10) stability of soil agreegate is obtained.The method that the present invention is combined using dry screen with wet screening, the indices of aggregate in step measurement soil, conveniently the influence from Land-Use angle for soil aggregate stability is analyzed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the evaluation fields of soil fertility and soil quality, and in particular to a kind of soil aggregate stability
Analysis method.
Background technique
Basic component units of the aggregate as soil texture, composition and its fundamental characteristics are to determine the soil erosion, pressure
One of the physical processes such as real, hardened and the key index of effect.Soil aggregate structure is the material base of soil fertility, is evaluation
The important indicator of soil quality, soil aggregate stability are the important indicators for evaluating soil texture and soil physics shape.Directly
The quantity of water-stable aggregate of the diameter greater than 0.25mm can differentiate the quality of soil texture, characterize Soil Anti-erodibility
Power improves the quality and quantity of water-stable aggregate, is the effective way for improving Soil Anti-erodibility.Therefore, soil is kept
The stability of earth aggregate analyzes soil agreegate quantity, size, stability and fractal dimension with regard to critically important, is
Research aggregate stablizes essential step.
Conventional research needs to measure by index of the different methods for aggregate each in soil, cannot pass through
The continuous method of complete set is completed, and then can be convenient efficiently steady for soil agreegate from Land-Use angle
It qualitatively influences to be analyzed.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of analysis method of soil aggregate stability, dry screen, wet is utilized
The method combined is sieved, the indices of aggregate in step measurement soil, conveniently from Land-Use angle pair
It is analyzed in the influence of soil aggregate stability.It is needed in the prior art through different methods with overcoming in soil
The index of each aggregate measures, cannot be by the continuous method of complete set come the drawbacks of completion.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of analysis method of soil aggregate stability, comprising the following steps:
(1) soil for being suitble to sampling is chosen, and acquires soil sample；
(2) after the soil sample of step (1) being removed impurity indoors, naturally dry, by the soil sample handled well into
Row number；
(3) pedotheque for weighing constant weight respectively, is placed on bushing screen in several times and carries out dry screen, until the group on each sieve
Until the no longer lower leakage of aggressiveness；
(4) soil sample on each sieve is collected, weighs respectively, calculates the percentage that aggregates at different levels account for soil sample；
(5) according to the percentage composition for the dry screen aggregates at different levels being calculated in step (4), it is made into certain mass in proportion
Air-dried soil sample；
(6) wet screening bushing screen is put on oscillation frame, is placed in during water discloses, in bucket plus water reaches certain altitude, keeps bushing screen most upper
Water surface certain distance is still left in extreme lower position in the upper end of face sieve；
(7) configured soil sample is put into bushing screen, starts motor, vibrate up and down bushing screen in water；
(8) after vibration stops, bushing screen is left into the water surface, the aggregate on sieves at different levels is poured into evaporating dish with wash bottle, is inclined
Clear liquid in evaporating dish out is evaporated weighing；
(9) data analysis is carried out, macro aggregate content in each pedotheque, soil agreegate destructive rate, aggregate are obtained
Mean mass diameter and geometry counterpoise diameter, fractal dimension parameter；
(10) the stability conclusion of soil agreegate is obtained.
Further, in step (1), the soil that soil thickness is greater than 1m is chosen in the soil for acquiring soil sample.
Further, in step (2), the sample handling characteristics are after removing the impurity such as plant residue, stone grain, to be protected from light
Under the conditions of air-dry.
Further, in step (3), when soil sample carries out dry screen, the sequence that slot size arranges from top to bottom is
10mm、 7mm、5mm、3mm、2mm、1mm、0.5mm、0.25mm。
Further, in step (6), when soil sample carries out wet screening, the sequence that slot size arranges from top to bottom is
5mm、 2mm、1mm、0.5mm、0.25mm、0.053mm。
Further, in step (6), water surface 1cm is still left in extreme lower position in the upper end of bushing screen the top sieve.
Further, in step (7), bushing screen vibrates up and down 30min in water.
Further, in step (8), the mode that is evaporated is electric hot plate or water-bath.
Further, in step (9), pass through not sieved soil gross weight, partial size reunion body weight at different levels, partial size at different levels before
The average diameter of aggregate mass percent, partial size at different levels, analysis obtain macro aggregate content, soil aggregation in each pedotheque
Body destructive rate, the mean mass diameter of aggregate and geometry counterpoise diameter, fractal dimension parameter.
Further, in step (10), the estimation of stability principle of soil agreegate is as follows: macro aggregate content is more,
Soil corrosion resistance is relatively preferable；Aggregate destruction rate score is smaller, and soil texture is more stable；Diameter of average weight and geometry are flat
Equal diameter is bigger, and soil agreegate water stability is good；Soil agreegate fractal dimension numerical value is smaller, and soil texture is more stable.
In the technical program, acquisition initial soil sample, dry screen, configuration pedotheque, wet screening this series winding coherence are utilized
Method, can measure and calculate the indices of aggregate in soil, including soil gross weight before screening, dry screen and wet
The average diameter of partial size reunion body weight and mass percent, partial size at different levels at different levels after sieve, and then obtain evaluation soil agreegate
The parameters of stability, as macro aggregate content, soil agreegate destructive rate, the mean mass diameter of aggregate and geometry are equal
Weight diameter, fractal dimension.After carrying out initial soil sample macro aggregate assay, by restoring initial soil in proportion
Mode, carry out next step wet screening operation, obtain other estimation of stability parameters and compare such as soil agreegate destructive rate
In such a way that parallel samples measure respectively, this method is simple and fast, reduces measurement error, and detection accuracy is high, as a result reappears
Property is good, analyzes especially suitable for the influence from Land-Use angle for soil aggregate stability.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the analysis method method flow diagram of invention soil aggregate stability.
Fig. 2 is soil by machines (dry screen) and water (wet screening) stability under the land use pattern in the embodiment of the present invention
Macro aggregate content.
Fig. 3 is soil agreegate destructive rate figure under the land use pattern in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is soil by machines (dry screen) and water (wet screening) stability under the land use pattern in the embodiment of the present invention
The diameter of average weight and geometric mean diameter figure of aggregate.
Fig. 5 is the fractal dimension figure of soil stability aggregate under the land use pattern in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment:
In the present embodiment, pedotheque is derived from the Nanjing Reservoir region Zhong Shan.
The analysis method of soil aggregate stability, as shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
(1) soil for being suitble to sampling is chosen, and acquires soil sample；
Arable land (rice of summer plantation, rape), meadow (Zoysia sinica, paspalum notatum are chosen according to Land-Use
Deng), forest land (masson pine, Quercus acutissima, cork oak etc.) 3 kinds of land use patterns.Every kind of Land-Use selects to have respectively
Representative 3 pedotheques, soil thickness are all larger than 1m, and each pedotheque chooses 5 sampling points by " Z " font, each
The cutting ring soil sample and undisturbed soil sample of acquisition 0-20cm soil layer in sampling point.
(2) after the soil sample of step (1) being removed the impurity such as plant residue, stone grain indoors, under the conditions of being protected from light certainly
It so dries, the soil sample handled well is put into aluminium box and is numbered；
(3) pedotheque for weighing constant weight respectively, is placed on bushing screen in several times and carries out dry screen, slot size from upper and
The sequence of lower arrangement be 10mm, 7mm, 5mm, 3mm, 2mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.25mm, until each sieve on aggregate no longer under
Until leakage；
(4) soil sample on each sieve is collected, weighs respectively, calculates the percentage that aggregates at different levels account for soil sample；
(5) according to the percentage composition for the dry screen aggregates at different levels being calculated in step (4), it is made into the wind of 50g in proportion
Dry soil sample；
(6) wet screening bushing screen is put on oscillation frame, sequence that slot size arranges from top to bottom is 5mm, 2mm, 1mm,
0.5mm, 0.25mm, 0.053mm are placed in during water discloses, and in bucket plus water reaches certain altitude, and the upper end of bushing screen the top sieve is made to exist
When extreme lower position, water surface 1cm is still left；
(7) configured 50g soil sample is put into bushing screen, starts motor, vibrates up and down bushing screen in water
30min；
(8) after vibration stops, bushing screen is left into the water surface, the aggregate on sieves at different levels is poured into evaporating dish with wash bottle, is inclined
Clear liquid in evaporating dish out is then placed in electric hot plate or water-bath and is evaporated weighing；
(9) data analysis is carried out, not sieved soil gross weight, partial size reunion body weight at different levels, partial size group at different levels before are passed through
The average diameter of aggressiveness mass percent, partial size at different levels, analysis obtain macro aggregate content, soil agreegate in each pedotheque
Destructive rate, the mean mass diameter of aggregate and geometry counterpoise diameter, fractal dimension parameter, specific calculation method are as follows:
A. soil by machines (dry screen) and water (wet screening) stability macro aggregate content (R> 0.25) (aggregate of > 0.25mm)
With calculation formula are as follows:
In formula: R> 0.25For macro aggregate content；M> 0.25For > 0.25mm reunion body weight；MTIt is not sieved soil before
Gross weight.
Calculated result is as shown in Figure 2.
B. soil agreegate destructive rate (Percentage of aggregate destruction, PAD) calculation formula
Are as follows:
PAD=(DR> 0.25/WR> 0.25)/DR> 0.25
In formula: PAD is aggregate destructive rate (%)；DR> 0.25For > 0.25mm mechanical stability aggregate amounts (%)；
WR> 0.25For > 0.25mm water stability performance content (%).
Calculated result is as shown in Figure 3.
C. the mean mass diameter (Mean weight diameter, MWD) and geometry counterpoise diameter of soil agreegate
(Geometric mean diameter, GMD) calculation formula are as follows:
In formula:For the average diameter (mm) of each partial size of soil；ω i is the mass percent (%) of each partial size of soil.
Calculated result is as shown in Figure 4.
D. the fractal dimension (Fractal dimension, D) of soil agreegate uses the formula of the ridge Yang Pei derivation:
Logarithm is taken simultaneously to formula (1) both sides, and transposition of being divided by, the fractal dimension for obtaining soil agreegate are
In formula:For the average diameter of maximum grade grogs；It is that grogs diameter is less thanThe weight of accumulation；MT
It is the sum of whole grade grogs weight.
Calculated result is as shown in Figure 5.
(10) stability of soil agreegate under land use pattern is obtained through comparing.
The estimation of stability principle of soil agreegate is as follows: in different land use modes, macro aggregate content is more, soil
Earth corrosion resistance is relatively preferable；Aggregate destruction rate score is smaller, and soil texture is more stable；Diameter of average weight and geometric average
Diameter is bigger, and soil agreegate water stability is good；Soil agreegate fractal dimension numerical value is smaller, and soil texture is more stable.
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, by comparing the mechanical stability macro aggregate content that can show that dry screen obtains
It is not significantly different between each Land-Use.Wet screening obtain water stability macro aggregate content with forest land highest, and
It ploughs minimum.Soil agreegate destructive rate result also further illustrates that arable soil aggregate stability is worst, forest land aggregate
Stability is best.
Land use pattern can be obtained on soil agreegate diameter and values of fractal dimension influence table by comparison
Now more preferable for timbered soil structure, mean mass diameter and geometry counterpoise diameter are higher, and values of fractal dimension is relatively low.It ploughs
Ground soil texture is poor, although its mean mass diameter and geometry counterpoise diameter compared with other land type no significant differences, its
Values of fractal dimension is apparently higher than forest land and meadow.
In the present embodiment, acquisition initial soil sample, dry screen, configuration pedotheque, wet screening this series winding coherence are utilized
Method, can measure and calculate the indices of aggregate in soil, including soil gross weight, dry screen and wet screening before screening
The average diameter of partial size reunion body weights and mass percent, partial size at different levels at different levels afterwards, and then it is steady to obtain evaluation soil agreegate
Qualitative parameters, such as macro aggregate content, soil agreegate destructive rate, the mean mass diameter of aggregate and geometry counterpoise
Diameter, fractal dimension.After carrying out initial soil sample macro aggregate assay, by restoring initial soil in proportion
Mode carries out the wet screening operation of next step, obtains other estimation of stability parameters, logical compared to relatively such as soil agreegate destructive rate
The mode that parallel samples measure respectively is crossed, this method is simple and fast, reduces measurement error, detection accuracy is high, as a result reproducibility
It is good, it is analyzed especially suitable for the influence from Land-Use angle for soil aggregate stability.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of analysis method of soil aggregate stability, which comprises the following steps:
(1) soil for being suitble to sampling is chosen, and acquires soil sample；
(2) after the soil sample of step (1) being removed impurity indoors, naturally dry compiles the soil sample handled well
Number；
(3) pedotheque for weighing constant weight respectively, is placed on bushing screen in several times and carries out dry screen, until the aggregate on each sieve
Until no longer lower leakage；
(4) soil sample on each sieve is collected, weighs respectively, calculates the percentage that aggregates at different levels account for soil sample；
(5) according to the percentage composition for the dry screen aggregates at different levels being calculated in step (4), it is made into the wind of certain mass in proportion
Dry soil sample；
(6) wet screening bushing screen is put on oscillation frame, is placed in during water discloses, in bucket plus water reaches certain altitude, sieves bushing screen topmost
When the upper end of son is vibrated to extreme lower position, water surface certain distance is still left；
(7) configured soil sample is put into bushing screen, starts motor, vibrate up and down bushing screen in water；
(8) after vibration stops, bushing screen is left into the water surface, the aggregate on sieves at different levels is poured into evaporating dish with wash bottle, pours out steaming
The clear liquid in ware is sent out, weighing is evaporated；
(9) carry out data analysis, obtain macro aggregate content in each pedotheque, soil agreegate destructive rate, aggregate it is flat
Equal mass diameter and geometry counterpoise diameter, fractal dimension parameter；
(10) the stability conclusion of soil agreegate is obtained.
2. the analysis method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (1), adopt
Choose the soil that soil thickness is greater than 1m in the soil for collecting soil sample.
3. the analysis method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (2), institute
After sample handling characteristics are stated as impurity such as removal plant residue, stone grains, air-dried under the conditions of being protected from light.
4. the analysis method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (3), soil
When earth sample carries out dry screen, sequence that slot size arranges from top to bottom is 10mm, 7mm, 5mm, 3mm, 2mm, 1mm, 0.5mm,
0.25mm。
5. the analysis method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (6), soil
When earth sample carries out wet screening, sequence that slot size arranges from top to bottom is 5mm, 2mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.25mm,
0.053mm。
6. the analysis method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (6), set
The upper end of the top sieve is sieved in extreme lower position, still leaves water surface 1cm.
7. the analysis method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (7), set
Sieve vibrates up and down 30min in water.
8. the analysis method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (8), steam
Dry mode is electric hot plate or water-bath.
9. the design method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (9), lead to
Cross it is not sieved before soil gross weight, partial size reunion body weight at different levels, partial size aggregate mass percent at different levels, partial size at different levels it is flat
Equal diameter, analysis obtain macro aggregate content in each pedotheque, soil agreegate destructive rate, aggregate mean mass diameter
With geometry counterpoise diameter, fractal dimension parameter.
10. the design method of soil aggregate stability as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (10),
The estimation of stability principle of soil agreegate is as follows: macro aggregate content is more, and soil corrosion resistance is relatively preferable；Aggregate is broken
Bad rate score is smaller, and soil texture is more stable；Diameter of average weight and geometric mean diameter are bigger, soil agreegate water stability
It is good；Soil agreegate fractal dimension numerical value is smaller, and soil texture is more stable.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110274846A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-24 | 宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所（宁夏防沙治沙与水土保持重点实验室） | A method of measurement herbaceous plant is to soil agreegate development impact |
| CN115628993A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-01-20 | 西南交通大学 | Soil aggregate stability testing device and method based on shock impact damage |
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