CN109187185A - A kind of polymer damage development test method and system - Google Patents

A kind of polymer damage development test method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109187185A
CN109187185A CN201811108654.0A CN201811108654A CN109187185A CN 109187185 A CN109187185 A CN 109187185A CN 201811108654 A CN201811108654 A CN 201811108654A CN 109187185 A CN109187185 A CN 109187185A
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China
Prior art keywords
damage
style
polymer
polymer material
test
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CN201811108654.0A
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张毅
薛世峰
李琳
韩丽美
贾朋
朱秀星
叶贵根
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Priority to CN201811108654.0A priority Critical patent/CN109187185A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017Tensile
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/006Crack, flaws, fracture or rupture
    • G01N2203/0067Fracture or rupture

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

This application discloses a kind of polymer damage development test method and systems, which comprises macromolecule polymer material damage is quantitatively introduced using cupping machine;The impairment parameter that the macromolecule polymer material is measured according to the damage, so that it is determined that damage development process.The invention has the advantages that realizing that simply high financial profit overcomes limitation of traditional microscopic damage test method to sample size range, high-precision, complicated for operation, costly microtechnic are needed not rely on.Compensate for the defect that conventional recycle loading and unloading method is not suitable for high molecular polymer, the variation of load phase elasticity modulus is measured using two-step method, the complete damage development process of concept quantitative test polymer material according to continuum damage mechanics, it can be used for macromolecule polymer material Damage mechanism and Evolution studied, can be characterized for the art polymerics Damage and Fracture such as Experimental Mechanics and numerical simulation and provide reliable method support with computer simulation.

Description

A kind of polymer damage development test method and system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polymer damage development test method and systems.
Background technique
Macromolecule polymer material due to its excellent corrosion resistance, ductility, the manufacture advantages such as maintenance cost is low and by It is widely used in various engineering fields.The damage failure procedure of high molecular polymer be in it the germinating of hole, increase until Material loses bearing capacity.The measuring of macromolecule polymer material damage development is extremely challenging, first is that polymer material With very strong Nonlinear viscous-elastic-plastic mechanical behavior, second is that sandwich molecular structure complicated inside polymer material.
The macroscopic damage quantization method being widely used outside Current Domestic is that measurement elasticity modulus is unloaded by CYCLIC LOADING Decaying carrys out quantitative description damage development process.This method has been successfully applied to the elastic-plastic materials such as metal, rock, however high The mechanical behavior of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer has very strong temporal correlation and non-linear, and traditional CYCLIC LOADING discharging method is not suitable for Macromolecule polymer material.
Finite Element is widely used in the safety analysis of research engineering structure, the failure damage analysis of engineering material. The patent document of CN106126774A discloses a kind of recognition methods of structural damage, comprising: is established by Finite Element The finite element model of damaged structure extracts the model parameters such as intrinsic frequency, the vibration shape of structure, using damaged structure and calculates structure Intrinsic frequency residual sum mode ensure criteria construction objective function.But its significant drawback is: realization is more complicated, and is not suitable for In the damage measure of macromolecule polymer material.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above shortcomings and to provide a kind of polymer damage development test methods, realize letter It is single, it is suitable for macromolecule polymer material.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of polymer damage development test method, It is characterized in that, including.
Macromolecule polymer material damage is quantitatively introduced using cupping machine;
The impairment parameter that the macromolecule polymer material is measured according to the damage, so that it is determined that damage development process.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of polymer damage development test macros, which is characterized in that including.
Cupping machine, for quantitatively introducing macromolecule polymer material damage;
Control module, for measuring the impairment parameter of the macromolecule polymer material according to the damage, so that it is determined that Damage development process.
The invention has the benefit that
It realizes simple, comprising: macromolecule polymer material damage is quantitatively introduced using cupping machine;According to the damage The impairment parameter of the macromolecule polymer material is measured, so that it is determined that damage development process.High financial profit overcomes tradition Limitation of the microscopic damage test method to sample size range needs not rely on high-precision, complicated for operation, costly micro- skill Art.The defect that conventional recycle loading and unloading method is not suitable for high molecular polymer is compensated for, load rank is measured using two-step method The variation of section elasticity modulus, the complete damage development mistake of concept quantitative test polymer material according to continuum damage mechanics Journey, can be used for macromolecule polymer material Damage mechanism and Evolution is studied, and can be Experimental Mechanics and numerical simulation etc. Art polymeric Damage and Fracture characterization provides reliable method with computer simulation and supports.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitutes part of this application, this Shen Illustrative embodiments and their description please are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is polymer damage development test method flow chart of the invention;
Fig. 2 is polymer damage development test method test schematic diagram of the invention.
Specific embodiment
As used some vocabulary to censure specific components in the specification and claims.Those skilled in the art answer It is understood that hardware manufacturer may call the same component with different nouns.This specification and claims are not with name The difference of title is as the mode for distinguishing component, but with the difference of component functionally as the criterion of differentiation.Such as logical The "comprising" of piece specification and claim mentioned in is an open language, therefore should be construed to " include but do not limit In "." substantially " refer within the acceptable error range, those skilled in the art can within a certain error range solve described in Technical problem basically reaches the technical effect.Specification subsequent descriptions are to implement the better embodiment of the application, so described Description is being not intended to limit the scope of the present application for the purpose of the rule for illustrating the application.The protection scope of the application As defined by the appended claims.
Please refer to Fig. 1, polymer damage development test method of the invention, comprising: quantitatively introduce using cupping machine Macromolecule polymer material damage;The impairment parameter of the macromolecule polymer material is measured according to the damage, so that it is determined that Damage development process.
Preferably, it includes: in tension test that the use cupping machine, which quantitatively introduces macromolecule polymer material damage, Constant speed uniaxial tensile test is carried out until style is broken to lossless polymer pole style on machine.
Preferably, according to it is described damage measure the macromolecule polymer material impairment parameter include: test during Using the diameter change of radial extensometer measurement style middle position, according to the power and radial extensometer of cupping machine record True stress―strain curve is calculated in the style diameter change of record, and nothing is calculated according to the true stress―strain curve Damage elasticity modulus.
Preferably, further comprise: it is uniaxial to carry out constant speed to lossless polymer pole style on cupping machine Tension test reaches specified prestrain value, the diameter change meter that the prestrain value is measured by radial extensometer until style It obtains.
Preferably, further comprise: right after the polymer style for having different prestrains is kept in dark place three months, three months Polymer style with Injured level carries out second of uniaxial tensile test, is calculated according to true stress―strain curve To damaging elasticity modulus.
Preferably, impairment parameter is calculated with elasticity modulus is damaged according to the lossless elasticity modulus measured, so that it is determined that high score The entire damage development process of sub- polymer material.
Preferably, it is shift invariant 3 small when keeping reaching prestrain value when the logarithmic strain value reaches prestrain value When, carry out stress relaxation test.After 3 hours, at the uniform velocity unloading style, discharge rate are controlled in 0.1mm/min.
Preferably, the tensile speed of second of uniaxial tensile test is 0.01mm/min.
The present invention also provides a kind of polymer damage development test macros, comprising: and cupping machine is high for quantitatively introducing Molecularly Imprinted Polymer material damage;Control module, the damage for measuring the macromolecule polymer material according to the damage are joined Number, so that it is determined that damage development process.
Preferably, the control module includes radial extensometer, for measuring the diameter change of style middle position.
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, polymer damage development test method of the invention the following steps are included:
Step 1 carries out uniaxial tensile test until fracture to polymer pole style, repeats five times, calculate measure it is flat Equal breaking strain εf
Step 2 determines the prestrain value that style stretches, εpre=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 ... εf-0.1。
Polymer pole style, is stretched to the prestrain value of step 2 by step 3 with constant speed, and every radical sample is corresponding One prestrain value.
Step 4 is kept for stretching displacement constant 3 hours after reaching prestrain value.
Step 5 after three hours, unloads polymer style with constant speed.
Step 6 repeats step 3 to step 5, until all prestrain values for completing to determine in step 2.
The above-mentioned polymer pole style for having different prestrains is kept in dark place step 7.
Step 8 after three months, takes out style, carries out second of tension test.
Step 9 installs style and extensometer, stretches style until style is broken with constant speed.
Step 10 obtains true stress―strain curve.
Step 11 is fitted the curved section of logarithmic strain 0-0.1.
Step 12, slope of the calculated curve section when strain is 0.5%, as damage elasticity modulus ED
Step 13 calculates impairment parameter D according to the damage elasticity modulus measured.
As the embodiment of deformation, polymer damage development test method of the invention the following steps are included:
Step 1 prepares high molecular polymer pole style.
Step 2 installs style and extensometer.Polymer pole style is installed on cupping machine, in installation process Keeping the external force in load style is zero.Diameter D before installation radial extensometer measurement pole style middle position stretches later0, And in drawing process diameter D variation.
Step 3 carries out uniaxial tensile test.Uniaxial compression test is using axial displacement load control, loading speed control In 1mm/min, electrohydraulic servo system can automatically record axial force F, and radial extensometer can record the variation of style diameter.
Step 4 calculates true stress―strain curve.According to the axial force F and style diameter D of cupping machine record Variation can calculate true stress
Logarithmic strain ε can be calculated according to the following formula
A in above formula0To stretch preceding style cross-sectional area, A is any time style cross-sectional area in drawing process.Style ε is denoted as in the logarithmic strain at fracture momentf
Step 5 calculates lossless elasticity modulus.The data being calculated according to step 4 draw true stress―strain curve, Using quintic algebra curve y=ax5+bx4+cx3+dx2+ ex+f is fitted logarithmic strain a in the stress-strain diagram of 0-0.1, formula, B, c, d, e, f are fitting parameter.First derivative is asked to above-mentioned polynomial fitting, and enables x=0.5%, the y value acquired at this time is Lossless elastic modulus E0
Step 6 introduces different degrees of prestrain value to polymer style.The determination prestrain value to be introduced first is εpre=0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4 ... εf-0.1.As shown in Fig. 2, uniaxial tensile test is carried out to polymer pole style, and According to algorithm (2) moment hourly observation logarithmic strain value, when logarithmic strain value reaches prestrain value, holding reaches prestrain value 3 hours of the shift invariant for being, i.e. progress stress relaxation test.After 3 hours, at the uniform velocity unloading style, discharge rate control exist 0.1mm/min。
Step 7 repeats step 6 until all prestrain values are introduced in style.
Style is kept in dark place three months in step 8.
Step 9 after three months, carries out second of tension test, tensile speed to the pole style for having different prestrain values For 0.01mm/min, until style is broken.
Step 10, same step 4 calculate the true stress―strain curve for damaging style.
Step 11, same to step 5, calculating damage elastic modulus ED
Step 12, according to the lossless elastic modulus E measured0With damage elastic modulus ED, according to continuum damage mechanics Concept calculates damaging parameter D according to the following formula
The present invention has substantive distinguishing features outstanding and significant progress:
It realizes simple, comprising: macromolecule polymer material damage is quantitatively introduced using cupping machine;According to the damage The impairment parameter of the macromolecule polymer material is measured, so that it is determined that damage development process.High financial profit overcomes tradition Limitation of the microscopic damage test method to sample size range needs not rely on high-precision, complicated for operation, costly micro- skill Art.The defect that conventional recycle loading and unloading method is not suitable for high molecular polymer is compensated for, load rank is measured using two-step method The variation of section elasticity modulus, the complete damage development mistake of concept quantitative test polymer material according to continuum damage mechanics Journey, can be used for macromolecule polymer material Damage mechanism and Evolution is studied, and can be Experimental Mechanics and numerical simulation etc. Art polymeric Damage and Fracture characterization provides reliable method with computer simulation and supports.
Above description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as previously described, it should be understood that the application Be not limited to forms disclosed herein, should not be regarded as an exclusion of other examples, and can be used for various other combinations, Modification and environment, and the above teachings or related fields of technology or knowledge can be passed through in application contemplated scope described herein It is modified.And changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not depart from spirit and scope, then it all should be in this Shen It please be in the protection scope of appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of polymer damage development test method, which is characterized in that including.
Macromolecule polymer material damage is quantitatively introduced using cupping machine;
The impairment parameter that the macromolecule polymer material is measured according to the damage, so that it is determined that damage development process.
2. polymer damage development test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to use cupping machine Quantitatively introducing macromolecule polymer material damage includes: to carry out constant speed to lossless polymer pole style on cupping machine Uniaxial tensile test is spent until style is broken.
3. polymer damage development test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that measure institute according to the damage The impairment parameter for stating macromolecule polymer material includes: that test measures style middle position using radial extensometer in the process True stress is calculated according to the style diameter change of the power of cupping machine record and radial extensometer record in diameter change Lossless elasticity modulus is calculated according to the true stress―strain curve in strain curve.
4. polymer damage development test method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that further comprise: stretching Constant speed uniaxial tensile test is carried out until style reaches specified prestrain to lossless polymer pole style on testing machine Value, the prestrain value are calculated by the diameter change that radial extensometer measures.
5. polymer damage development test method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that further comprise: will have not With prestrain polymer style be kept in dark place three months, three months after to Injured level polymer style carry out Second of uniaxial tensile test, is calculated according to true stress―strain curve and damages elasticity modulus.
6. polymer damage development test method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that according to the lossless elasticity measured Modulus calculates impairment parameter with elasticity modulus is damaged, so that it is determined that the entire damage development process of macromolecule polymer material.
7. test macro according to claim 4, which is characterized in that when the logarithmic strain value reaches prestrain value, protect It holds 3 hours of shift invariant when reaching prestrain value, carries out stress relaxation test.After 3 hours, style is at the uniform velocity unloaded, is unloaded Speed control is carried in 0.1mm/min.
8. test macro according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the tensile speed of second of uniaxial tensile test For 0.01mm/min.
9. a kind of polymer damage development test macro characterized by comprising
Cupping machine, for quantitatively introducing macromolecule polymer material damage;
Control module, for measuring the impairment parameter of the macromolecule polymer material according to the damage, so that it is determined that damage Evolutionary process.
10. test macro according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the control module includes radial extensometer, is used for Measure the diameter change of style middle position.
CN201811108654.0A 2018-09-21 2018-09-21 A kind of polymer damage development test method and system Pending CN109187185A (en)

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