CN109178198B - Damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for ship cabin section static explosion test - Google Patents
Damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for ship cabin section static explosion test Download PDFInfo
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- CN109178198B CN109178198B CN201810869831.0A CN201810869831A CN109178198B CN 109178198 B CN109178198 B CN 109178198B CN 201810869831 A CN201810869831 A CN 201810869831A CN 109178198 B CN109178198 B CN 109178198B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
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- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test, and belongs to the technical field of ships. The method comprises the following steps: a typical ship cabin section 1, a first watertight cabin 2, a second watertight cabin 3, a bottom boundary simulation cabin 4, a front boundary simulation cabin 5, a rear boundary simulation cabin 6 and a top boundary simulation cabin; the bottom boundary simulation cabin is characterized in that the bottom boundary simulation cabin 4 is supported by a cement base, the cement base is fixed on the horizontal ground, and sand is piled and covered from the ground to the bottom of the bottom boundary simulation cabin 4; the front boundary simulation cabin 5, the first watertight cabin 2, the second watertight cabin 3, the typical ship cabin section 1 and the rear boundary simulation cabin 6 are sequentially arranged on the bottom boundary simulation cabin 4; the top boundary simulation cabin is positioned above the front boundary simulation cabin 5, the first watertight cabin 2, the second watertight cabin 3, the typical ship cabin section 1 and the rear boundary simulation cabin 6.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ships, and particularly relates to a damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test.
Background
The large-scale water surface ship plays a very important role in modern sea warfare, is one of the most critical parts in the construction of national defense force on the sea, and has prominent sea, air and shore attack making the ship become an extremely important operational equipment and strategic deterrent. Since world war II, anti-ship missiles have gradually become the main anti-ship weapons in the world, especially the technologies of intellectualization, supersonic speed, novel propulsion, comprehensive defense, accurate guidance, mixed charging and the like are widely applied, the attack capability of the anti-ship missiles on ships is obviously improved, and the threat of large-scale water-surface ships is increased. The warhead has important significance for researching the comprehensive damage effect of the superstructure of the target ship. Because the real ship test has huge cost and very difficult implementation, the test can be carried out only on individual ships under the current national conditions of China; the scaling model test has certain difficulty in model manufacturing, and the obtained result cannot be converted to a real ship through a similarity relation, so that the damage effect of a typical cabin cannot be effectively evaluated by adopting the method, and therefore, a cabin section model with damage equivalent real scale needs to be designed for the static explosion test. There are many designs of ship static explosion test cabin section models in China, for example, a patent with the granted public number of CN102323035A introduces a ship impact test local cabin section model, but the model is only applicable to underwater explosion and cannot be used for static explosion, so a static explosion real-scale model needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome various defects in the prior art, and aims to provide a real-scale cabin section model which can economically, accurately and effectively check the local damage effect of a typical cabin section of a ship under the action of in-cabin static explosion.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test comprises the following components: a typical ship cabin section 1, a first watertight cabin 2, a second watertight cabin 3, a bottom boundary simulation cabin 4, a front boundary simulation cabin 5, a rear boundary simulation cabin 6 and a top boundary simulation cabin; the bottom boundary simulation cabin is characterized in that the bottom boundary simulation cabin 4 is supported by a cement base, the cement base is fixed on the horizontal ground, and sand is piled and covered from the ground to the bottom of the bottom boundary simulation cabin 4; the front boundary simulation cabin 5, the first watertight cabin 2, the second watertight cabin 3, the typical ship cabin section 1 and the rear boundary simulation cabin 6 are sequentially arranged on the bottom boundary simulation cabin 4, the front boundary simulation cabin 5 and the rear boundary simulation cabin 6 are positioned at two ends, the first watertight cabin 2 is connected with the front boundary simulation cabin 5, the typical ship cabin section 1 is connected with the rear boundary simulation cabin 6, and the second watertight cabin 3 is positioned between the first watertight cabin 2 and the typical ship cabin section 1; the top boundary simulation cabin is positioned above the front boundary simulation cabin 5, the first watertight cabin 2, the second watertight cabin 3, the typical ship cabin section 1 and the rear boundary simulation cabin 6.
The typical ship cabin section 1, the first watertight cabin 2, the second watertight cabin 3, the front boundary simulation cabin 5 and the rear boundary simulation cabin 6 all comprise: a deck and a transverse bulkhead; the deck is provided with a longitudinal girder, a transverse girder and ribs, and the transverse bulkhead is provided with the ribs.
The typical vessel block 1 is provided with windows.
A watertight cabin 2 and No. two watertight cabins 3 all be equipped with the window, and the equipartition is put the quality soon in a watertight cabin 2 and No. two watertight cabins 3, the quality that the quality is fast and target naval vessel equipment equal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, by designing the damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for the ship cabin section static explosion test, the corresponding ship cabin section static explosion test is carried out, and the damage effect evaluation of a warhead on the superstructure of a target ship is carried out, so that the defects of high cost, difficulty in implementation and the like of the real ship test can be effectively avoided, the defect that the common scale-reducing test is not consistent with the actual damage effect is effectively overcome, and the problem that the scale-reducing model test is difficult to convert to the real ship in a similar manner is solved.
The invention has the biggest characteristic of providing a damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test, and has the following advantages:
1. principle of structural design
The structural design of the cabin section considers the test accuracy and the economy, and under the condition of economy and feasibility, the damage effect of static explosion in the ship cabin on a real ship is examined as truly as possible, and the specific performance is as follows:
1) and (4) accuracy. For different ships and warships, the arrangement characteristics of superstructure of the ships and the form of impact load borne by static explosion are different, so that the appearance of the cabin model and the connection form of the internal structure are different due to the difference of key assessment areas of the ships. The structure in the cabin section of the model reflects the condition of an actual ship as truly as possible, and doors and windows are arranged on the model in accordance with the actual ship so as to simulate the impact resistance of the doors and windows to the explosion in the cabin.
2) And (4) economy. On the basis of ensuring that the test cabin model can accurately reflect the structural characteristics of the upper-layer building of the actual ship and the connection form of each section and plate on the actual ship, the model designs the model by intercepting key check positions of the actual ship, and replaces actual steel of the target ship by simplifying a plate frame structure and Q235 steel according to a dynamics equivalence principle, so that the economy can be greatly improved.
3) Feasibility. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the test, the test device rigidly fixes the model and the base in order to avoid overlarge rigid displacement under the premise of considering the specific test purpose and the external environment and ensuring the accuracy and the economical efficiency of the model, and adopts the accumulation of sandy soil to avoid reflected waves so as to ensure the smooth progress of the test.
2. Structural solution
The invention is based on a typical target ship, so the model design is carried out around the typical cabin section of the superstructure of the typical ship, and the specific characteristics are as follows:
1) various panels, decks, stringers, longitudinals, and beams will all participate in the destructive environment of the ship, and therefore the typical structure described above should be included in the design of the model. And the ship body plate frame structure is simplified into a rigid-plastic cross beam system through the elastic-plastic deformation power equivalent principle of the plate frame.
2) Considering that when the explosion happens in the cabin, besides the stronger damage effect on the cabin where the explosion source is located, the adjacent cabin can be seriously damaged, so the model adopts a three-cabin-section structure longitudinally.
3) Mass blocks with the same mass as the actual target equipment are arranged in the adjacent cabin of the explosion source to examine the actual damage effect of the explosion in the cabin on the adjacent cabin equipment, and doors and windows consistent with those of a real ship are designed.
The invention has the following characteristics:
1) typical structure of a completed ship. The typical ship superstructure cabin comprises typical ship structures such as bottom longitudinal girders, longitudinal ribs and cross beams as a main explosion area, the ship body plate frame structure is simplified into a rigid-plastic cross beam system through the principle of elastic-plastic deformation dynamic equivalence of plate frames, and the section bars of cabin sections are not subjected to scaling and adopt real sizes. And a boundary condition simulation cabin is reserved, so that the influence of the whole ship on a typical cabin section during explosion of the real ship can be accurately simulated. The static explosion test is carried out by adopting the cabin section model, and the result is accurate and credible.
2) Lower mold manufacturing cost. The overall size of the model is not large, the structural complexity is low, special steel is not completely adopted, the Q235 steel is used for replacing the special steel through the dynamic equivalence principle, and the model has extremely high economical efficiency compared with a real ship test which is expensive and difficult to operate.
3) The method has the advantages of strong operability, small size of the whole model and convenience in transportation and integral hoisting.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view from perspective A of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view of the invention from perspective B;
FIG. 6 is a fixed proof mass;
FIG. 7 is a top view and a side view of an acceleration sensor arrangement;
FIG. 8 is a pressure sensor layout;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a strain gage arrangement.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
the invention discloses a damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test, aiming at evaluating the local damage effect of a warhead on explosion in a target ship cabin. The model is a box body formed by three independent watertight cabins and a boundary simulation cabin, and performs equivalent design on a cabin section of a typical superstructure of a 9000-ton target ship by a dynamic equivalent principle. The length of the box body is 14-16 times of the rib distance of a target ship along the ship length direction, the width is one third of the ship width, and the height is 3-4 meters above a main deck of the ship; the model comprises 3 watertight compartments and 6 boundary simulation compartments, and three typical watertight compartments comprise a typical ship compartment and two empty compartments with smaller sizes. A typical ship cabin is connected with two empty cabins, and three cabins are arranged around the boundary simulation cabin. Two warhead penetration holes are respectively prefabricated at the top of a typical ship cabin and the top of an upper boundary simulation cabin. The bottom of the box body is fixed with the cement base, and the boundary simulation cabin at the lowermost layer is piled up and buried by adopting sandy soil. According to the method, a typical ship real-scale cabin section model is designed, a corresponding model cabin internal static explosion test is carried out, and the local damage effect of the explosion in the warhead cabin on the target ship is researched, wherein the local damage effect comprises explosion shock waves, high-speed fragments and fireball damage. The local damage effect of the test model obtained through numerical simulation check calculation is similar to the damage effect of the actual ship static explosion test.
A damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test is characterized in that: it is a box body composed of three watertight cabins and a boundary simulation cabin. The whole model is divided into a longitudinal three-cabin model, and a typical cabin where the explosion source is located and two independent empty cabins are sequentially arranged.
The model is checked based on the damage result of numerical simulation calculation, and the damage effect obtained through numerical calculation is similar to that obtained through a real ship test.
Corresponding doors and windows are arranged in the whole box body model according to the real situation of the real ship, and damage to ship equipment caused by static explosion in the cabin is simulated through arrangement of mass blocks with the same mass as the actual ship equipment.
Two plates of the uppermost boundary simulation cabin are respectively provided with a preset inclined penetration hole to avoid the difference between the actual damage effect and the actual effect of explosion.
After the bottom of the cabin section is fixed with the cement base, sandy soil is adopted to pile and bury the cabin at the lowest layer, and extra stress wave reflection caused by boundary truncation is effectively avoided.
Through a dynamic equivalent principle, a series of similar designs are carried out to achieve the effects of simplicity and convenience in design and economy. Particularly, the structure of the hull plate frame is simplified into a rigid-plastic cross beam system by the principle of equivalent elastic-plastic deformation power of the plate frame; aiming at the real superstructure structure of a real ship, Q235 steel with equivalent thickness is adopted to be equivalent to the superstructure of an actual target ship, so that the economy of the model is greatly improved.
The model adds 6 boundary condition simulation cabins through the equivalent design of the actual ship structure so as to avoid the influence of truncation errors.
In order to measure data including the size of a blast damage, the range of plastic zone, the impact environment, the condition of fireball spread, and the ability of high speed fragment to penetrate the bulkhead, measurement devices such as acceleration sensors, strain gauges, pressure sensors, etc. are equipped in the test: the acceleration sensors are arranged on the main deck and the bulkhead, and for the mass block and the base for simulating the arrangement of the ship equipment, the acceleration sensors are respectively arranged on the base and the mass block for analyzing the impact response of the mass block and the base; the arrangement positions of the pressure sensors are the center of the deck and the surface of the bulkhead; strain gauges are arranged in an explosion cabin and an adjacent cabin to explore the damage range of explosion loads to superstructure in the static explosion process in the cabin, and an explosion plastic damage area is determined.
The plate frame structure is equivalent to a cross beam system, the relation between the size of the crevasse and the deformation and basic parameters is derived theoretically, and the equivalent form between the plate thickness and the reinforcement form of different materials is established by taking the size of the crevasse and the deformation size as targets.
The invention relates to a damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test, in particular to a local cabin section model which accords with the actual material, structure and mechanical characteristics of ships and can be used for carrying out a ship static explosion test.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test, which is a box body formed by three independent watertight cabins and a boundary simulation cabin; two independent watertight compartments are located directly in front of a typical ship compartment; the bottom of the box body is fixed with the cement base, and the boundary simulation cabin at the lowest layer is stacked by adopting sandy soil; the section shape of the box body is the same as the shape of an area where a target ship takes a rib distance of 14-16 times along the ship length direction, takes one third of the ship width along the ship width direction, and takes a position 3-4 meters above a main deck from the ship bottom upwards along the vertical direction; the model comprises 6 boundary simulation cabins, wherein the boundary simulation cabins are positioned around, above and below a typical ship cabin and two independent watertight cabins; two separate watertight compartments are located directly in front of the cabin of a typical ship.
Furthermore, the boundary simulation cabin, the typical ship cabin section and the watertight cabin comprise a deck and a transverse cabin wall, and the deck is provided with a longitudinal girder, a transverse girder and ribs; ribs are arranged on the transverse bulkhead.
Furthermore, two preset warhead penetration openings are respectively arranged at the top of the top boundary simulation cabin and the top of the typical ship cabin, so that errors caused by explosion venting in the explosion process and actual ship tests are avoided.
Furthermore, mass blocks are respectively preset in the two watertight cabins to serve as simulation equipment, the connection mode of the simulation equipment and the equipment base is consistent with that of a real ship, and an acceleration sensor is arranged on the simulation equipment to check the actual damage capability of explosion in the cabins to adjacent cabin equipment.
Further, windows are arranged in the cabin section of a typical ship and two watertight cabins respectively, and doors are arranged behind the model to simulate the impact resistance of the doors and windows, and the impact resistance is consistent with that of a real ship.
Further, this model all adopts the design of Q235 steel to adopt the equivalent principle of dynamics, find the equivalent structure form of real superstructure structure, and be used for this model, including equivalent panel thickness, buttress material size etc. and through the principle of the elastoplasticity deformation dynamic equivalence of grillage, simplify hull grillage structure into rigid-plastic cross beam system.
Furthermore, the bottom of the model box body is fixed with the cement base, and the boundary simulation cabin at the lowest layer is piled and buried by adopting sand, so that the stress wave is conducted into the sand, and the enhancement of the damage effect of the real ship caused by the reflection phenomenon caused by boundary truncation is avoided.
Further, in order to measure the impact environment caused by explosion, acceleration sensors are arranged at the deck and the bulkhead positions; in order to analyze the impact response of the simulation equipment, acceleration sensors are respectively arranged on the base and the mass block; in order to measure the free field, reflected field pressure and cabin wall pressure, a pressure sensor is arranged in the center of the deck and on the surface of the cabin wall; in order to explore the damage range of explosion load to superstructure in the process of static explosion in the cabin and determine the resulting explosion plastic damage area, strain gauges are arranged in the explosion cabin and adjacent cabins.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6: the invention relates to a damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test, which is a box body formed by a bottom boundary simulation cabin 4, a typical ship cabin section 1, two independent watertight cabins 2 and 3, front and rear boundary simulation cabins 5 and 6 and a top boundary simulation cabin; the section shape of the box body and the target ship take 15 times of rib distance along the ship length direction, take half of the ship width along the ship width direction, and take the height of the first cabin above the main deck from the bottom of the ship to the top along the vertical direction. The bottom boundary simulation is positioned at the lowest part of the whole model and is supported by 3 cement bases, the cement bases are fixed on the horizontal ground, and the simulation cabin from the ground to the bottom boundary is piled up and covered by sand; the typical ship cabin section 1 is directly connected with two independent watertight cabins 2 and 3, two windows are opened on the side surface of the typical cabin section, the two independent watertight cabins are respectively opened with one window, mass blocks with the mass equal to that of target ship equipment are respectively arranged in the independent cabins 2 and 3, and the mass blocks are rigidly fixed or elastically fixed on a deck in a connection mode shown in figure 6; two preset inclined crevasses are arranged on the typical cabin 1 and a boundary simulation cabin above the typical cabin, and the positions of the crevasses are related to the actual projectile body shape and weight as well as the initial speed, attack angle and attack angle of the inclination; a door is arranged in front of the typical ship cabin section; all the sections in the model are simplified into a rigid-plastic cross beam system by the principle that the elastic-plastic deformation power of the plate frame is equivalent, and are welded at the designated positions by welding.
Typical structures in the cabin model all adopt CO2And (3) gas shielded welding, wherein the welding process standard strictly meets the relevant welding specification requirements of classification society, and is combined with the specific construction process requirement limitation of shipyards.
The damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for the ship cabin section static explosion test is completely consistent with the actual structure of a ship on the whole structure, and makes a certain contribution to the promotion of the scientific research and investigation process by adopting the three-cabin section structural design.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A damage equivalent real-scale cabin section model for a ship cabin section static explosion test comprises the following components: the device comprises a typical ship cabin section (1), a first watertight cabin (2), a second watertight cabin (3), a bottom boundary simulation cabin (4), a front boundary simulation cabin (5), a rear boundary simulation cabin (6) and a top boundary simulation cabin; the device is characterized in that the bottom boundary simulation cabin (4) is supported by a cement base, the cement base is fixed on the horizontal ground, and sand is piled and covered from the ground to the bottom of the bottom boundary simulation cabin (4); the front boundary simulation cabin (5), the first watertight cabin (2), the second watertight cabin (3), the typical ship cabin section (1) and the rear boundary simulation cabin (6) are sequentially arranged on the bottom boundary simulation cabin (4), the front boundary simulation cabin (5) and the rear boundary simulation cabin (6) are positioned at two ends, the first watertight cabin (2) is connected with the front boundary simulation cabin (5), the typical ship cabin section (1) is connected with the rear boundary simulation cabin (6), and the second watertight cabin (3) is positioned between the first watertight cabin (2) and the typical ship cabin section (1); the top boundary simulation cabin is positioned above the front boundary simulation cabin (5), the first watertight cabin (2), the second watertight cabin (3), the typical ship cabin section (1) and the rear boundary simulation cabin (6);
the typical ship cabin section (1), the first watertight cabin (2), the second watertight cabin (3), the front boundary simulation cabin (5) and the rear boundary simulation cabin (6) comprise: a deck and a transverse bulkhead; the deck is provided with a longitudinal girder, a cross beam and ribs, and the transverse bulkhead is provided with the ribs;
the typical ship cabin section (1) is provided with a window;
the first watertight compartment (2) and the second watertight compartment (3) are both provided with windows, mass blocks are uniformly arranged in the first watertight compartment (2) and the second watertight compartment (3), and the mass of each mass block is equal to that of target ship equipment.
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| CN110979588A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-10 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Equivalent test model for explosion effect in ship cabin |
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| JP3686420B1 (en) * | 2005-01-27 | 2005-08-24 | 三井造船株式会社 | Hull strength evaluation method and hull strength evaluation system |
| CN102323035B (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2013-08-28 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Local cabin section model for ship impact resistance test |
| KR101581326B1 (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2016-01-11 | 삼성중공업 주식회사 | Fire safety testing aparratus for helideck and testing method thereof |
| CN104568612B (en) * | 2014-11-28 | 2017-09-29 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of vessel cabin detonation inside effect contracting is than equivalent test model |
| CN104568613B (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2017-08-08 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of vessel cabin detonation inside Structure Damage evaluation method based on equivalent scale model |
| CN205483471U (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2016-08-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Modular implosion generating device |
| CN106005248B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2017-12-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Surface vessel stern shock environment simulator |
| CN107655649B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2019-10-25 | 西安近代化学研究所 | A kind of cylinder type double-chamber structure internal explosion test device |
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| CN110979588A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-10 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Equivalent test model for explosion effect in ship cabin |
| CN110979588B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-10-01 | 西安近代化学研究所 | Equivalent test model for explosion effect in ship cabin |
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