CN110371240B - Ship porthole opening method and ship - Google Patents
Ship porthole opening method and ship Download PDFInfo
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- CN110371240B CN110371240B CN201910704613.6A CN201910704613A CN110371240B CN 110371240 B CN110371240 B CN 110371240B CN 201910704613 A CN201910704613 A CN 201910704613A CN 110371240 B CN110371240 B CN 110371240B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B19/08—Ports or like openings in vessels' sides or at the vessels' bow or stern
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ship porthole opening method and a ship, wherein after a ship body is folded greatly, a built-up whole body is welded to the ship body, and the fire work is finished, a lower edge line, an upper edge line, a front edge line and a rear edge line of each window hole of the built-up window hole are respectively scribed on a side shell, the lower edge lines corresponding to the window holes of the same layer of the same porthole side are kept distributed on the same horizontal line, the upper edge lines corresponding to the window holes of the same layer of the same porthole side are kept distributed on the same horizontal line, and the front edge lines and the rear edge lines are kept to be distributed vertically. The porthole opening method can meet the requirements of accuracy and attractiveness of window hole opening.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a ship porthole opening method and a ship.
Background
Generally, a ship needs to be built with portholes on straight outer plates at the left and right sides. The traditional opening method of the portholes of the ship mainly comprises two methods, 1, the portholes are cut in a numerical control mode in a small folding and blanking stage, the method is difficult to ensure that all the portholes on each layer are at the same height, and the attractiveness of the ship is poor; 2. when the subsection or the total section is hoisted into the dock to carry out the ship body large folding, the window holes are influenced by positioning data and structure butt joint of the subsection or the total section, and the ship body is deformed in the large folding welding and firer operation processes, so that the upper edges or the lower edges of the front window hole and the rear window hole are not at the same height, the accuracy and the attractiveness of the whole window hole cannot meet the requirements, the window hole is required to be locally trimmed or even the plate is required to be replaced to cut again, and the cost for opening the porthole is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: provided are a ship porthole opening method and a ship, wherein the accuracy of opening a window hole can be satisfied, and the aesthetic property of the window hole can be improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the ship porthole opening method is provided, after ship body folding is completed, a built-up whole is welded to a ship body, and fire work is completed, a lower edge line, an upper edge line, a front edge line and a rear edge line of each window hole of the built-up window hole are respectively drawn on a side outer plate, the lower edge lines corresponding to the window holes of the same layer of the same side are kept distributed on the same horizontal line, the upper edge lines corresponding to the window holes of the same layer of the same side are kept distributed on the same horizontal line, and the front edge lines and the rear edge lines are kept distributed vertically.
As a preferable technical scheme of the ship porthole opening method, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step S10, determining at least two first ocean rushing points at the lower edge of the side plank porthole, wherein the first ocean rushing points are horizontally distributed along the ship length direction, and making connecting horizontal lines of all the first ocean rushing points to obtain a lower edge line;
step S20, measuring height values L1 of the window holes vertically upwards from the first ocean punching points, determining at least two second ocean punching points, and then making connecting horizontal lines of all the second ocean punching points to obtain the upper edge line;
step S30, selecting a reference structure at the front end or the rear end of the window hole of the side shell plate, horizontally measuring the distance L2 between the front edge line and the reference structure at the reference structure, determining two positioning points at the horizontal distance L2 of the reference structure to obtain two first positioning points, wherein the two first positioning points are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction, and making vertical connecting lines of all the first positioning points to obtain the front edge line;
step S40, taking the front edge line as a reference line, horizontally measuring the width value L3 of the window hole backwards in the ship length direction, determining two positioning points at the position of the distance L3 between the front edge line and the window hole to obtain two second positioning points, wherein the two second positioning points are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction, and making vertical connecting lines of all the second positioning points to obtain the rear edge line;
step S50, cutting holes according to the lower edge line, the upper edge line, the front edge line and the rear edge line to obtain the window holes.
As a preferable aspect of the ship porthole opening method, the step S10 includes the step S11: dividing said hull into at least two hull sections, at least two of said first thrust points being defined on said side shell of each of said hull sections.
As a preferable aspect of the ship porthole opening method, before the step S11, a height value L1 of the window hole, a distance L2 between the front edge line and the reference structure, a width value L3 of the window hole, and a distance L4 between the lower edge line and a deck theoretical line, which are designed on a drawing, are obtained.
As a preferable aspect of the ship porthole opening method, the method further includes:
step S12, respectively determining two positioning points of the deck theoretical line below the window holes on the same side outer plate and at the front end and the rear end of the same ship body section to respectively obtain two positioning points of the deck theoretical line, wherein the two positioning points of the deck theoretical line are distributed on the same horizontal plane;
step S13, vertically measuring a first length L5 from two deck theoretical line positioning points on the side shell plate upwards respectively, and determining two third positioning points at positions of the two deck theoretical line positioning points upwards and the first length L5 respectively, wherein the two third positioning points are distributed at intervals along the ship length direction, and a horizontal connecting line of the two third positioning points is formed to obtain a first positioning line;
step S14, vertically measuring a second length L6 upward from the first positioning point, and determining two ocean impulse points at positions where the third positioning point 11 is vertically away from the second length L6 upward, respectively, to obtain two first ocean impulse points, where L6 is L4-L5;
step S15, determining a third first ocean impulse point between the two first ocean impulse points, and aligning the first ocean impulse point located in the middle of the three first ocean impulse points along the first ocean impulse points close to the bow and the stern, respectively, to obtain each lower edge line on the ship body section.
As a preferable aspect of the ship porthole opening method, the method further includes:
step S12, respectively determining two positioning points of the deck theoretical line below the window holes on the same side outer plate and at the front end and the rear end of the same ship body section to respectively obtain two positioning points of the deck theoretical line, wherein the two positioning points of the deck theoretical line are distributed on the same horizontal plane;
step S13, vertically measuring a third length L7 from two deck theoretical line positioning points upwards on the side outer plate, wherein the thickness of the deck is L8, and respectively determining two fourth positioning points at positions of a fourth length L9 from the upper surface of the deck upwards, wherein L9 is L7-L8, the two fourth positioning points are distributed at intervals along the ship length direction, and a horizontal connecting line of the two fourth positioning points is made to obtain a second positioning line;
step S14, vertically measuring a fifth length L10 upwards from the second positioning line, and respectively determining two ocean impulse points at positions where the fourth positioning point 16 is vertically upwards away from the fifth length L10 to obtain two first ocean impulse points;
step S15, a third first ocean rush point is ocean-rushed between the two first ocean rush points, and the first ocean rush point located in the middle of the three first ocean rush points is aligned with the straight pull line along the first ocean rush points close to the bow and the stern, respectively, so as to obtain each lower edge line on the ship hull section.
As a preferable aspect of the ship porthole opening method, in step S11, the hull is divided into hull sections by 30 to 50 m.
As a preferable aspect of the ship porthole opening method, the step S50 further includes:
step S51 of drawing first fillet lines at positions in the vicinity of the intersection of the lower edge line and the front edge line and at positions in the vicinity of the intersection of the lower edge line and the rear edge line, and drawing second fillet lines at positions in the vicinity of the intersection of the upper edge line and the front edge line and at positions in the vicinity of the intersection of the upper edge line and the rear edge line;
step S52, obtaining a contour line of the window hole according to the lower edge line, the upper edge line, the front edge line, the rear edge line, the first rounded corner line, and the second rounded corner line, and cutting a hole along the contour line to obtain the window hole.
As a preferable technical solution of the ship porthole opening method, before the lower edge line, the upper edge line, the front edge line and the rear edge line are planned, a pre-opening hole is correspondingly opened on the side shell plate in a stage of sectional manufacturing blanking according to a theoretical arrangement position of the window hole and a theoretical size of the window hole, the pre-opening hole is located in an actual arrangement position of the window hole, and the size of the pre-opening hole is not larger than the actual size of the window hole.
On the other hand, the ship comprises the porthole, and the porthole is opened by adopting the ship porthole opening method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: after the ship body is folded, the upper building is integrally welded on the ship body, and the firework operation is finished, the lower edge line, the upper edge line, the front edge line and the rear edge line of each window hole are scribed on the ship body, different from the traditional porthole opening method that the window holes are performed in a subsection or total assembly stage, the porthole opening method can finish the scribing work of a plurality of window hole edge lines at one time, can avoid the phenomenon that the precision and the attractiveness of the window holes are not up to standard due to the deformation of the edge lines of the window holes in the process of ship body folding, enables all the window holes on the same layer on the same side outer plate to be positioned on the same horizontal plane, improves the porthole opening precision and the attractiveness, can reduce the modification work of subsequent portholes, and improves the portholes opening efficiency.
Drawings
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the pre-opening and the window hole according to the embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a scribe distribution diagram of the aperture according to one embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a layout of the scoring of the window according to the second embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a distribution diagram of the porthole on the hull section according to the embodiment.
In the figure:
100. a porthole; 200. a hull section;
1. a lower edge line; 2. an upper edge line; 3. a leading edge line; 4. a back edge line; 5. a first rounded corner line; 6. a second fillet line; 7. pre-drilling holes; 8. a first ocean rushing point; 9. a second ocean rushing point; 10. positioning points of theoretical lines of the deck; 11. a third positioning point; 12. a deck theoretical line; 13. a first positioning line; 14. a deck; 15. a second positioning line; 16. a fourth site.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, technical solutions adopted and technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning permanently connected, removably connected, or integral to one another; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a method for opening ship portholes 100, after the ship body is folded, the upper building is integrally welded on the ship body, and the firework operation is finished, a lower edge line 1, an upper edge line 2, a front edge line 3 and a rear edge line 4 of each window hole of the upper building are respectively drawn on a side shell, the lower edge lines 1 corresponding to the window holes of the same layer of the same side are kept distributed on the same horizontal line, the upper edge lines 2 corresponding to the window holes of the same layer of the same side are kept distributed on the same horizontal line, and the front edge lines 3 and the rear edge lines 4 are kept distributed vertically. According to the invention, after the ship body is folded, the upper building is integrally welded on the ship body and the firework operation is finished, the lower edge line 1, the upper edge line 2, the front edge line 3 and the rear edge line 4 of each window hole are scribed on the ship body, and different from the traditional porthole scribing method that the window holes are performed in a subsection or total assembly stage, the porthole 100 scribing work of a plurality of window hole edge lines can be finished at one time by the porthole 100 scribing method provided by the invention, the phenomenon that the precision and the attractiveness of the window holes are not up to standard due to the deformation of the edge lines of the window holes in the ship body folding process can be avoided, all the window holes on the same layer on the same side outer plate are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the accuracy and the attractiveness of the porthole 100 are improved, the modification work of the subsequent porthole 100 can be reduced, and the porthole 100 scribing efficiency is improved.
The method for opening the porthole 100 specifically comprises the following steps:
step S10, determining at least two first ocean punching points 8 at the lower edge position of the side shell plate, wherein the first ocean punching points 8 are respectively horizontally distributed along the ship length direction, and making connection horizontal lines of all the first ocean punching points 8 to obtain the lower edge line 1. In the present embodiment, three first impact points 8 are defined at intervals between the positions of the side shell plate below the porthole and the deck.
Step S20, measuring the height value L1 of the window hole vertically upward from each first ocean punching point 8, determining at least two second ocean punching points 9, and then making a connecting horizontal line of all the second ocean punching points 9 to obtain the upper edge line 2.
Step S30, selecting a reference structure at the front end or the rear end of the window hole of the side shell plate, horizontally measuring the distance L2 between the front edge line 2 and the reference structure at the reference structure, determining two positioning points at the horizontal distance L2 of the reference structure to obtain two first positioning points, wherein the first positioning points are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction, and making vertical connecting lines of all the first positioning points to obtain the front edge line 2. The reference structure can be selected according to the theoretical position of the window hole on the side shell, the reference structure is mainly selected for positioning the front edge line 2 of the window hole, and specifically, the reference structure is a specific structural component on the side shell.
And S40, taking the front edge line 2 as a reference line, horizontally measuring the width value L3 of the window hole backwards in the ship length direction, determining two positioning points at the position of the distance L3 between the front edge line 2 and the window hole to obtain at least two second positioning points, wherein the two second positioning points are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction, and making vertical connecting lines of all the second positioning points to obtain the rear edge line 4.
Step S50, cutting holes according to the lower edge line 1, the upper edge line 2, the front edge line 2 and the rear edge line 4 to obtain the window holes.
In the step 10, the points of the two deck theoretical lines 12 are respectively located below the two window holes on the side shell plate, which are farthest away from each other, and the distance between the points of the two deck theoretical lines 12 is set as large as possible, which is beneficial to improving the levelness of the lower edge.
The step S10 includes a step S11: the hull is divided into at least two hull sections 200, at least two first marine wash points 8 being defined on the side shell of each of the hull sections 200. Specifically, in the step S11, the hull is divided into hull sections by 30m to 50 m.
In the present embodiment, the overall arrangement length of the portholes 100 of the hull is 120 to 130m, the arrangement length of the portholes 100 on the hull is divided into a plurality of sections by about 30 to 50m, that is, the length of the hull section 200 is 30 to 50m, and three first ocean-going points 8 are ocean-going on the side shell plate of each hull section 200.
Before the step S11, a height value L1 of the window hole, a distance L2 between the front edge line 3 and the reference structure, a width value L3 of the window hole, and a distance L4 between the lower edge line 1 and the deck theoretical line 12, which are designed on the drawing sheet, are obtained.
In an embodiment, the step S10 further includes a step S12 of respectively determining two positioning points of the deck theoretical line 12 below the window holes on the same side shell and at the front and rear ends of the same hull section, and respectively obtaining two deck theoretical line positioning points 10, where the two deck theoretical line positioning points 10 are distributed on the same horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the lower portions of the windows located at the front end and the rear end of the same hull section refer to the lower portions of two windows located on the same side and located farthest from each other on the same hull section.
Step S13, a first length L5 is measured vertically from the two deck theoretical line positioning points on the side shell plate, two third positioning points 11 are respectively measured at positions where the two deck theoretical line positioning points 10 are vertical to the first length L5, the two third positioning points 11 are distributed at intervals along the ship length direction, and a horizontal connecting line of the two third positioning points 11 is formed, so as to obtain a first positioning line 13. In this embodiment, L5 is 200m, but in actual construction, the specific value of L5 may be selected according to actual construction conditions. In the step S14, a second length L6 is measured vertically upward from the third positioning point 11, and two first ocean impulse points 8 are determined at positions where the first positioning line 13 is vertically upward from the second length L6, respectively, where L6 is L4-L5. In specific construction, a total station is used for detecting whether two deck theoretical line positioning points 10 are on the same horizontal line, if the two deck theoretical line positioning points 10 are not on the same horizontal line, one deck theoretical line positioning point 10 is adjusted in the vertical direction, so that the two deck theoretical line positioning points 10 are on the same horizontal line, and the levelness of the first positioning line 13 is ensured. Step S15, determining a third first ocean punching point 8 between two first ocean punching points 8, aligning the guy wires along the first ocean punching points 8 near the bow and the stern respectively at the middle first ocean punching point 8 among the three first ocean punching points 8, and obtaining each lower edge line 1 on the hull section 200. This embodiment is suitable for the surveying of the lower edge line 1 when the porthole 100 is level with the outer edge of the deck, which is not shown in fig. 2. The deck of the ship body is usually provided with a certain bending degree, a first positioning line 13 is obtained on a theoretical line 12 of the deck through ocean punching of two third positioning points 11, the levelness of the two first ocean punching points 8 can be adjusted in the construction process, the levelness of the first positioning line 13 is checked, the surveying precision of the lower edge line 1 is improved, the accuracy of the opening of the window hole is improved, and the qualification degree of the lower edge line 1 is conveniently checked after the porthole 100 is completely opened.
In general, fillets are provided at four corners of the porthole 100, and in the porthole 100 of such a structure, in the present embodiment, the step S50 further includes a step S51 of drawing a first fillet line 5 at a position in the vicinity of the intersection of the lower edge line 1 and the front edge line 3 and a position in the vicinity of the intersection of the lower edge line 1 and the rear edge line 4, and drawing a second fillet line 6 at a position in the vicinity of the intersection of the upper edge 2 and the front edge line 3 and a position in the vicinity of the intersection of the upper edge 2 and the rear edge line 4.
Step S52, obtaining a contour line of the window hole according to the lower edge line 1, the upper edge line 2, the front edge line 3, the rear edge line 4, the first chamfer line 5, and the second chamfer line 6, and cutting a hole along the contour line to obtain the window hole.
As a preferable technical scheme, before the lower edge line 1, the upper edge line 2, the front edge line 3 and the rear edge line 4 are surveyed, in a subsection manufacturing and blanking stage, according to the theoretical arrangement position of the window hole and the theoretical size of the window hole, a pre-opening hole 7 is correspondingly formed in the side board, the pre-opening hole 7 is located in the actual arrangement position of the window hole, and the size of the pre-opening hole 7 is not larger than the actual size of the window hole. The pre-opening 7 provides a preliminary reference for opening the porthole 100, is used for outboard ventilation in the processes of manufacturing, assembling and folding, and can discharge waste gas in the ship construction process through the pre-opening 7 to optimize construction conditions.
In the embodiment, the pre-opening hole 7 is cut at the position where the lower edge line 1 vertically extends upwards by 400mm in a numerical control manner, a certain distance is reserved between the upper edge line 2 of the window hole and the pre-opening hole 7, and the width of the pre-opening hole 7 is equal to that of the window hole. Specifically, the edges of the pre-perforated holes 7 are horizontally disposed on the side close to both the lower edge line 1 and the upper edge line 2 of the window hole.
The present embodiment further provides a ship, which includes a porthole 100, and the porthole 100 is opened by using the ship porthole 100 opening method described in any one of the above embodiments.
The method for opening the porthole 100 has the following economic benefits:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out numerical control cutting and tapping at a subsection small folding blanking stage or uniformly marking and tapping at a total section assembling stage according to the prior art, finding that the apertures of the apertures do not reach the standard when a porthole 100 is installed after large folding, wherein about 30 apertures of about 300 apertures of one ship need to be modified according to the 10% non-standard rate and the overall modification cost of each non-standard aperture of 600 yuan, the additional cost of about 1.8 yuan needs to be added, and the additional cost of 5.4 yuan needs to be added according to the calculation of building 3 passenger rolling ships in one year by a company. By adopting the method of the invention, the problem that the opening of the porthole 100 of the ro-ro passenger ship does not reach the standard can be basically eliminated, and the cost can be effectively saved.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 3, wherein the reference numbers of the drawings in the present embodiment partially extend to the reference numbers of the drawings in the first embodiment. This embodiment is substantially the same as the embodiment except that: the method for opening the porthole 100 in the embodiment is used for surveying the lower edge line 1 of the outer corridor at the lower foot of the porthole, and the plate thickness of the deck 14 is upward, namely the deck theoretical line 12 is positioned on the lower surface of the deck. Specifically, the method further includes step S12, locating points of two theoretical deck lines 12 are respectively determined at the intersection of the deck 14 and the outboard plate, and two theoretical deck line locating points 10 are respectively obtained, where the two theoretical deck line locating points 10 are located on the same outboard plate and below the window holes at the front end and the rear end of the same hull section 200, and the two theoretical deck line locating points 10 are distributed on the same horizontal plane.
Step S13, a third length L7 is measured vertically from the two theoretical deck line positioning points on the side shell plate, wherein the thickness of the deck is L8, two fourth positioning points 16 are respectively determined at positions which are vertically away from a fourth length L9 from the upper surface of the deck, wherein L9 is L7-L8, a horizontal connecting line of the two fourth positioning points 16 is formed, and a second positioning line 15 is obtained. Due to the fact that the deck is thick upwards and the deck theoretical line is located on the lower surface of the deck, when the second positioning line 15 is determined on the upper surface of the deck, the thickness L8 of the corresponding deck 14 needs to be removed on the basis of the third length L7. In this embodiment, the third length L7 is 200 mm.
Step S14, a fifth length L10 is measured vertically upward from the second positioning line 15, and two first ocean rushing points 8 are obtained at positions where the second positioning line 15 is vertically upward from the fifth length L10.
Step S15, determining a third first ocean punching point 8 between two first ocean punching points 8, aligning the guy wires along the first ocean punching points 8 near the bow and the stern respectively among the three first ocean punching points 8, and obtaining each lower edge line 1 on the hull section 200.
The present embodiment further provides a ship, which includes a porthole 100, and the porthole 100 is opened by using the ship porthole 100 opening method described in any one of the above embodiments.
In step S10, the two deck theoretical lines are located below the two windows that are farthest from each other on the side outer panel.
In the description herein, it is to be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for convenience in description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes and are not intended to have a special meaning.
In the description herein, references to the description of "an embodiment," "an example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be appropriately combined to form other embodiments as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the principles of the invention and should not be construed in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Based on the explanations herein, those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of other embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort, which would fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A ship porthole opening method is characterized in that after ship body folding is completed, a built-up whole body is welded to a ship body, and firework operation is completed, a lower edge line, an upper edge line, a front edge line and a rear edge line of each window hole of the built-up window hole are respectively drawn on a side outer plate, the lower edge lines corresponding to the window holes of the same layer of the same side are kept distributed on the same horizontal line, the upper edge lines corresponding to the window holes of the same layer of the same side are kept distributed on the same horizontal line, and the front edge lines and the rear edge lines are kept distributed vertically.
2. The ship porthole opening method according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step S10, determining at least two first ocean rushing points at the lower edge of the side plank porthole, wherein the first ocean rushing points are horizontally distributed along the ship length direction, and making connecting horizontal lines of all the first ocean rushing points to obtain a lower edge line;
step S20, measuring height values L1 of the window holes vertically upwards from the first ocean punching points, determining at least two second ocean punching points, and then making connecting horizontal lines of all the second ocean punching points to obtain the upper edge line;
step S30, selecting reference structures at the front end and the rear end of the window hole of the side plate respectively, horizontally measuring a distance L2 between the front edge line and the reference structures at the reference structures, determining two positioning points at the horizontal distance L2 of the reference structures to obtain two first positioning points, wherein the two first positioning points are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction, and making vertical connecting lines of all the first positioning points to obtain the front edge line;
step S40, taking the front edge line as a reference line, horizontally measuring the width value L3 of the window hole backwards in the ship length direction, determining two positioning points at the position of the distance L3 between the front edge line and the window hole to obtain two second positioning points, wherein the two second positioning points are distributed at intervals in the vertical direction, and making vertical connecting lines of all the second positioning points to obtain the rear edge line;
step S50, cutting holes according to the lower edge line, the upper edge line, the front edge line and the rear edge line to obtain the window holes.
3. The ship porthole opening method and the ship of claim 2, wherein the step S10 includes the step S11: dividing said hull into at least two hull sections, at least two of said first thrust points being defined on said side shell of each of said hull sections.
4. The ship porthole opening method of claim 3, wherein a height value L1 of the window hole, a distance L2 between the front edge line and the reference structure, a width value L3 of the window hole, and a distance L4 between the lower edge line and a deck theoretical line, which are designed on a drawing, are obtained before the step S11.
5. The ship porthole opening method according to claim 4, further comprising:
step S12, respectively determining positioning points of two deck theoretical lines on the same side outer plate and below the window holes at the front end and the rear end of the same ship body section to respectively obtain two deck theoretical line positioning points, wherein the two deck theoretical line positioning points are distributed on the same horizontal plane;
step S13, vertically measuring a first length L5 from two deck theoretical line positioning points on the side shell plate upwards respectively, and determining two third positioning points at positions of the two deck theoretical line positioning points upwards and the first length L5 respectively, wherein the two third positioning points are distributed at intervals along the ship length direction, and a horizontal connecting line of the two third positioning points is formed to obtain a first positioning line;
step S14, vertically measuring a second length L6 above the first positioning point, and determining two first ocean impulse points at positions vertically above the third positioning point by the second length L6, respectively, to obtain two first ocean impulse points, where L6 is L4-L5;
step S15, determining a third first ocean impulse point between the two first ocean impulse points, and aligning the first ocean impulse point located in the middle of the three first ocean impulse points along the first ocean impulse points close to the bow and the stern, respectively, to obtain each lower edge line on the ship body section.
6. The ship porthole opening method according to claim 4, further comprising:
step S12, respectively determining two positioning points of the deck theoretical line below the window holes on the same side outer plate and at the front end and the rear end of the same ship body section to respectively obtain two positioning points of the deck theoretical line, wherein the two positioning points of the deck theoretical line are distributed on the same horizontal plane;
step S13, vertically measuring a third length L7 from two deck theoretical line positioning points upwards on the side outer plate, wherein the thickness of the deck is L8, and respectively determining two fourth positioning points at positions of a fourth length L9 from the upper surface of the deck upwards, wherein L9 is L7-L8, the two fourth positioning points are distributed at intervals along the ship length direction, and a horizontal connecting line of the two fourth positioning points is made to obtain a second positioning line;
step S14, vertically measuring a fifth length L10 from the second positioning line upwards, and determining two ocean rushing points at positions vertically separated from the fifth length L10 from the fourth positioning point upwards respectively to obtain two first ocean rushing points;
step S15, a third first ocean rush point is ocean-rushed between the two first ocean rush points, and the first ocean rush point located in the middle of the three first ocean rush points is aligned with the straight pull line along the first ocean rush points close to the bow and the stern, respectively, so as to obtain each lower edge line on the ship hull section.
7. The ship porthole opening method of claim 3, wherein the hull is divided into hull sections of 30 to 50m in step S11.
8. The ship porthole opening method as recited in claim 2, wherein the step S50 further includes the steps of:
step S51 of drawing first fillet lines at positions in the vicinity of the intersection of the lower edge line and the front edge line and at positions in the vicinity of the intersection of the lower edge line and the rear edge line, and drawing second fillet lines at positions in the vicinity of the intersection of the upper edge line and the front edge line and at positions in the vicinity of the intersection of the upper edge line and the rear edge line;
step S52, obtaining a contour line of the window hole according to the lower edge line, the upper edge line, the front edge line, the rear edge line, the first rounded corner line, and the second rounded corner line, and cutting a hole along the contour line to obtain the window hole.
9. The ship porthole opening method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, before the lower edge line, the upper edge line, the front edge line and the rear edge line are mapped, pre-holes are correspondingly opened on the outboard boards in a sectional manufacturing blanking stage according to theoretical arrangement positions of the window holes and theoretical sizes of the window holes, the pre-holes are located in actual arrangement positions of the window holes, and the sizes of the pre-holes are not larger than the actual sizes of the window holes.
10. A ship comprising a porthole opened by the ship porthole opening method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN111470003A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-31 | 广船国际有限公司 | Ship porthole opening and marking method |
| CN111776165B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2021-10-08 | 广船国际有限公司 | Ship porthole opening method, porthole and passenger roller ship |
| CN114393240B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2024-09-06 | 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 | Template of stealth window and use method |
| CN114940248B (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2023-10-24 | 广船国际有限公司 | Ship body window installation method |
| CN115158587B (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2023-12-26 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | Sectional installation method and overturning and hoisting method for balcony outer plate of mailbox |
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Application publication date: 20191025 Assignee: Guangzhou Wenchong Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Guangzhou Shipyard International Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2021440000208 Denomination of invention: A method for opening ship porthole and ship Granted publication date: 20210323 License type: Common License Record date: 20211116 |