CN109177747B - Novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109177747B CN109177747B CN201811190485.XA CN201811190485A CN109177747B CN 109177747 B CN109177747 B CN 109177747B CN 201811190485 A CN201811190485 A CN 201811190485A CN 109177747 B CN109177747 B CN 109177747B
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- auxiliary power
- contactor
- power system
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 218
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
Abstract
The invention provides a novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and a control method thereof, and the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system comprises: the system comprises a capacitor bank, a master control CMS board, a slave control CMS board, a current sensor, a first contactor, a second contactor, a third contactor, a first fuse, a second fuse, a third fuse, a bidirectional DC/DC bidirectional converter and an AC/DC converter; a first contactor, a first fuse, a capacitor bank, a second fuse, a second contactor and a current sensor are sequentially connected between a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter; a third contactor and a third fuse are sequentially connected between the positive terminal of the AC/DC converter and the capacitor bank, and the negative terminal of the AC/DC converter is connected with the negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the power supply for the whole hydrogen fuel cell car is safer and more reliable, the starting, the accelerating and the energy recovery of the hydrogen fuel cell car are realized, and the effects of environmental protection, high efficiency and energy saving are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen fuel cell power whole vehicles, in particular to a novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and a control method thereof.
Background
With the increasing prominence of environmental protection problems, the exhaustion of conventional energy sources is increasingly occurring, and new energy sources are actively being searched and used worldwide to improve energy utilization efficiency and protect the environment. The hydrogen fuel cell power passenger car has the characteristics of environmental protection, high efficiency, energy conservation, safety and the like, and is more and more focused and valued by people in the automobile industry and the whole society. The power system is used as a core component, so that the overall energy utilization efficiency of the power system is improved, the service life of the hydrogen fuel cell is prolonged, and the recovery rate of braking energy is improved, and the power system is one of key factors for efficient operation of a passenger car taking the hydrogen fuel cell as power.
In the prior art, a lithium ion battery is basically adopted as a power system for a pure electric vehicle, and under the condition of sufficient energy configuration, a battery pack has large volume, heavy weight, poor power performance and high-low temperature performance, and serious safety and environmental protection risks. Although the traditional super capacitor can meet the requirement of high power when an automobile starts, accelerates and climbs, the energy density is low, and the high-capacity electric energy storage cannot be met; and the self-discharge rate of the super capacitor is high, and the long-term placed electric quantity is zero. Furthermore, another disadvantage of prior art power systems is that there is no reliable and efficient power management of the supercapacitor bank. Because capacity deviation exists among the super capacitor monomers, leakage current deviation and equivalent series resistance are inconsistent, voltage in the super capacitor group is unbalanced, and therefore energy storage efficiency of the super capacitor is reduced. In addition, overvoltage, overcurrent and overtemperature can reduce the service life of the super capacitor. Therefore, a novel auxiliary power system and a hydrogen fuel cell are matched, so that a hydrogen fuel cell power whole vehicle which is efficient and energy-saving and has good riding experience can be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and a control method thereof. A novel lithium ion supercapacitor auxiliary power system, comprising: the system comprises a capacitor bank, a master control CMS board, a slave control CMS board, a current sensor, a first contactor, a second contactor, a third contactor, a first fuse, a second fuse, a third fuse, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an AC/DC converter;
a first contactor, a first fuse, a capacitor bank, a second fuse, a second contactor and a current sensor are sequentially connected between a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter; a third contactor and a third fuse are sequentially connected between the positive terminal of the AC/DC converter and the capacitor bank, and the negative terminal of the AC/DC converter is connected with the negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
The main control CMS board is respectively connected with the slave control CMS board group, the control end of the first contactor, the control end of the second contactor, the control end of the third contactor, the control end of the first fuse, the control end of the second fuse, the control end of the third fuse, the output end of the current sensor and the temperature sensor; the first contactor and the second contactor are used for controlling the on-off of a circuit between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter; the third contactor is used for controlling the on-off of a circuit between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the AC/DC converter; the first fuse, the second fuse and the third fuse are all used for protecting the circuit safety of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system;
The method comprises the steps that a master control CMS board, a slave control CMS board set, a current sensor and a temperature sensor respectively detect parameters of a capacitor set, wherein the parameters comprise voltage of the capacitor set, current of the capacitor set, residual electric quantity SOC of the capacitor set and temperature of the capacitor set, the voltage of the capacitor set is acquired by the slave control CMS board set through a voltage acquisition line connected with the capacitor set, the current of the capacitor set is detected by the current sensor, the residual electric quantity SOC of the capacitor set is calculated by the master control CMS board, and the temperature of the capacitor set is detected by the temperature sensor;
the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is a bidirectional flow system, and the energy is transmitted by the fuel cell stack to charge the capacitor group through a bidirectional DC/DC converter when the whole vehicle is in a steady state; the motor feedback energy charges the capacitor bank through the DC/DC converter during the emergency braking of the whole vehicle; the capacitor group releases energy to supply power to the motor through a bidirectional DC/DC converter at the moment of cold starting of the whole vehicle; and when the whole vehicle accelerates or goes uphill, the capacitor bank provides instant energy for the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter supplies power for a motor in the whole vehicle.
Further, the slave CMS board group includes a slave CMS board LCU1#, a slave CMS board LCU2# and a slave CMS board LCU3#, the slave CMS board LCU1#, the slave CMS board LCU2# and the slave CMS board LCU3# are connected to the master CMS board, respectively.
Further, the capacitor group comprises two parts, each part at least comprises a lithium ion capacitor monomer, and a manual maintenance switch is connected in series between the two parts.
Further, the AC/DC converter is connected with a standby power supply, and the standby power supply charges the capacitor bank of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system under the condition that the bidirectional DC/DC converter does not electrically input the capacitor bank to charge or the capacitor bank is self-discharged to be lower than a safe starting voltage range.
A control method for the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system comprises the following steps:
S101: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is externally connected with an auxiliary power supply for supplying power to a main control CMS board, the external auxiliary power supply is provided by the whole vehicle, a slave control CMS board group takes power from the main control CMS board, the main control CMS board and the slave control CMS board group start to work, and the main control CMS board transmits signals to a first contactor through a communication wire harness and controls a switch of the first contactor to be closed; then the second contactor switch is closed, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system starts to perform self-checking, and whether the self-checking process is normal is judged? If yes, go to step S102; if not, go to step S103; the self-checking process comprises the steps of calculating the voltage and the current of a capacitor group in the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system by a slave control CMS board group and the residual electric quantity SOC and detecting the insulativity by a master control CMS board;
s102: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is used for precharging a motor of the whole vehicle; after the precharge is finished, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system uploads the detected parameters of the capacitor group to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a communication mechanism established by the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and the whole vehicle, and the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system supplies power to the whole vehicle, and the whole vehicle starts to operate until a hydrogen fuel cell starts to normally supply power; the parameters comprise voltage, current, temperature and insulativity of the capacitor bank;
S103: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system does not precharge the motor of the whole vehicle; meanwhile, the master control CMS board feeds back an abnormal signal to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through the bidirectional DC/DC converter to report the error of the CMS, and the whole vehicle is not started.
Further, in step S102, during the whole vehicle running process, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system continues to perform self-checking: :
(1) When the temperature of the capacitor bank is detected to be too high, overcurrent or overvoltage signals, the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system feeds signals back to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the whole vehicle makes a response for prohibiting charging of the capacitor bank; if the whole vehicle does not respond, the first contactor is disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system;
(2) When the undervoltage signal of the capacitor bank is detected, the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system feeds back the signal to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the whole vehicle makes a response for prohibiting the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system from discharging; or the whole vehicle sends an instruction through electric control and charges the capacitor group through the fuel cell stack until the voltage of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is normal; if the whole vehicle does not respond, the first contactor is disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system;
(3) When the short-circuit signal of the capacitor bank is detected, the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system feeds signals back to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the first contactor and the second contactor are disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system;
(4) When the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and the whole vehicle electric leakage signal are detected, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system feeds signals back to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the first contactor and the second contactor are disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the power supply of the whole hydrogen fuel cell car is safer and more reliable, the starting, the acceleration and the energy recovery of the whole hydrogen fuel cell car are realized, the effects of environmental protection, high efficiency and energy saving are achieved, and the energy storage efficiency and the service life of the capacitor bank are improved.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a novel lithium-ion supercapacitor auxiliary power system in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a control method for a novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system in an embodiment of the invention.
The marks in the figure: 1.1-lithium ion capacitor monomers; 1.2-master CMS board; a1.3-slave CMS Board LCU1#; b1.4-slave CMS Board LCU2#; c1.5-slave CMS Board LCU3#; 1.5-current sensor; 1.6-contactor LVD2; 1.7-contactor LVD1; 1.10-manual maintenance switch; 2.1-fuse F1; 2.2-fuse F2; 2.3-contactor LVD11; 2.4-fuse F11.
Detailed Description
For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, a detailed description of embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and a control method thereof, wherein the lithium ion super capacitor in the embodiment adopts a lithium ion super capacitor structure, the anode adopts a traditional super capacitor anode material, the cathode adopts a lithium ion super capacitor cathode material, and the lithium ion super capacitor cathode material has high power density and is close to the super capacitor, so that the lithium ion super capacitor has high current charging acceptance; and the energy density of the lithium-ionized super capacitor cathode material is 2-3 times that of the super capacitor, and the cycle life is as long as more than million times. In addition, the self-discharge rate of the lithium ion capacitor is low, the lithium ion capacitor is placed at the normal temperature of 25 ℃ for 3 months, and the voltage drop is less than or equal to 5%; the lithium ion battery has wide use temperature range (-30 ℃ to 70 ℃), no unstable and unsafe components of the lithium ion battery, high operation safety and reliability and no maintenance.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system in an embodiment of the invention, and the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system is used for assisting a hydrogen fuel cell to power a hydrogen fuel cell powered whole vehicle;
a novel lithium ion supercapacitor auxiliary power system, comprising: one capacitor bank, a master CMS board (1.2), a slave CMS board bank (a 1.3, B1.4, C1.5), a current sensor (1.5), a first contactor (1.7), a second contactor (1.6), a third contactor (2.3), a first fuse (2.1), a second fuse (2.2), a third fuse (2.4), a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an AC/DC converter; wherein the AC/DC converter is a unidirectional converter;
The first contactor is contactor LVD1 (1.7) in fig. 1, the second contactor is contactor LVD2 (1.6) in fig. 1, the third contactor is contactor LVD11 (2.3) in fig. 1, the first fuse is fuse F1 (2.1) in fig. 1, the second fuse is fuse F2 (2.2) in fig. 1, the third fuse is fuse F11 (2.4) in fig. 1, the temperature sensor is T in fig. 1, that is LICTemp Sensor, the lithium ion capacitor is lithium ion capacitor monomer, and the temperature sensor is represented as temperature sensor T in fig. 1.
A first contactor (1.7), a first fuse (2.1), a capacitor bank, a second fuse (2.2), a second contactor (1.6) and a current sensor (1.5) are sequentially connected between a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter; a third contactor (2.3) and a third fuse (2.4) are sequentially connected between the positive terminal of the AC/DC converter and the capacitor bank, and the negative terminal of the AC/DC converter is connected with the negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
The main control CMS board (1.2) is respectively connected with the slave control CMS board groups (A1.3, B1.4 and C1.5), the control end of the first contactor, the control end of the second contactor, the control end of the third contactor, the control end of the first fuse, the control end of the second fuse, the control end of the third fuse, the output end of the current sensor and the temperature sensor T; that is, the master CMS board (1.2) is connected to the slave CMS board group, the control end of the contactor LVD1 (1.7), the control end of the contactor LVD2 (1.6), the control end of the contactor LVD11 (2.3), the control end of the fuse F1 (2.1), the control end of the fuse F2 (2.2), the control end of the fuse F11 (2.4), the output end of the current sensor (1.5), and the temperature sensor T, respectively;
The first contactor (1.7) and the second contactor (1.6) are used for controlling the on-off of a circuit between a positive terminal and a negative terminal of a bidirectional DC/DC converter of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system; the third contactor (2.3) is used for controlling the on-off of a circuit between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the AC/DC converter of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system; the first fuse (2.1), the second fuse (2.2) and the third fuse (2.3) are all used for protecting the circuit safety of the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system; the current sensor (1.5) is used for detecting the circuit current in the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system, namely the current of the capacitor bank, reflecting the charge and discharge conditions to the main control CMS board and feeding back to the central processing unit of the whole vehicle;
The capacitor bank is connected in series between the fuse F1 (2.1) and the fuse F2 (2.2) and is simultaneously connected in series between the fuse F2 (2.2) and the fuse F11 (2.4), and comprises two parts, each part at least comprises a lithium ion capacitor monomer (1.1), and a manual maintenance switch (1.10) is connected in series between the two parts; the manual maintenance switch (1.10) is used for disconnecting a circuit in the middle of the capacitor monomers connected in series during maintenance, reducing the circuit voltage of the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system and protecting the circuit; 136 lithium ion capacitor monomers (1.1) are connected in series with the capacitor group in the embodiment;
The method comprises the steps that a master control CMS board (1.2), a slave control CMS board set, a current sensor (1.5) and a temperature sensor T respectively detect parameters of the capacitor set, and the parameters are fed back to the master control CMS board; the main control CMS board feeds the parameters back to the bidirectional DC/DC converter through the CAN Port communication Port, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter uploads the parameters to the central processing unit of the whole vehicle through the CAN Port communication Port of the main control CMS board; the parameters comprise voltage of the capacitor bank, current of the capacitor bank, residual electric quantity SOC of the capacitor bank and temperature of the capacitor bank, wherein the voltage is acquired by a slave control CMS board set through a voltage acquisition line connected with the capacitor bank, the current is detected by a current sensor, the residual electric quantity SOC of the capacitor bank is calculated by a master control CMS, and the temperature of the capacitor bank is detected by a temperature sensor T; the slave CMS board group comprises a slave CMS board lcu1# (a 1.3), a slave CMS board lcu2# (B1.4) and a slave CMS board lcu3# (C1.5), the slave CMS board lcu1# (a 1.3), the slave CMS board lcu2# (B1.4) and the slave CMS board lcu3# (C1.5) are respectively connected to the master CMS board (1.2);
the switch end of the contactor LVD1 (1.7) is connected with the fusing end of the fuse F1 (2.1); the contactor LVD1 (1.7) is used for controlling the on-off of a circuit between a positive terminal and a negative terminal of a bidirectional DC/DC converter in the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system; the fuse F1 (2.1) is used for protecting a circuit;
the switch end of the contactor LVD2 (1.6) is connected with the fusing end of the fuse F2 (2.2); the contactor LVD2 (1.6) is used for controlling the on-off of a circuit between a positive terminal and a negative terminal of a bidirectional DC/DC converter in the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system; the fuse F2 (2.2) is used for protecting the circuit;
The switch end of the contactor LVD11 (2.3) is connected with the fusing end of the fuse F11 (2.4); the contactor LVD11 (2.3) is used for controlling the on-off of a standby charging port circuit, namely a circuit between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the AC/DC converter; the fuse F11 (2.4) is used for protecting the circuit; the AC/DC converter is connected with a standby power supply, the AC/DC converter and the standby power supply are connected with the capacitor bank, and the capacitor bank is charged by the standby power supply under the condition that the bidirectional DC/DC converter does not have electric input or the capacitor bank is self-discharged to be lower than a safe starting voltage range, and the standby power supply charges the capacitor bank of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system.
The novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is a bidirectional flow system, and the energy is transmitted by the fuel cell stack to charge the capacitor group through a bidirectional DC/DC converter when the whole vehicle is in a steady state; the motor feedback energy charges the capacitor bank through the DC/DC converter during the emergency braking of the whole vehicle; the capacitor group releases energy to supply power to the motor through a bidirectional DC/DC converter at the moment of cold starting of the whole vehicle; and when the whole vehicle accelerates or goes uphill, the capacitor bank provides instant energy for the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter supplies power for a motor in the whole vehicle.
When the whole vehicle is started, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is externally connected with a 12VDC auxiliary power supply to supply power to a main control CMS board (1.2), and the main control CMS board (1.1) transmits a control signal to a contactor LVD1 (1.7) through a communication harness and controls a switch of the contactor LVD1 (1.7) to be closed; the slave control CMS board group takes electricity from the master control CMS board (1.2), and the master control CMS board and the slave control CMS board work normally; the slave control CMS board group comprises a slave control CMS board LCU1# (A1.3), a slave control CMS board LCU2# (B1.4) and a slave control CMS board LCU3# (C1.5); parameters of a capacitor group of the slave control CMS board group are fed back to a master control CMS board (1.2), and the master control CMS board (1.2) feeds back the parameters to a central processing device of the whole vehicle; when the parameters are all normal, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system pre-charges a motor in the whole vehicle until the pre-charging is completed; when the whole vehicle is braked in an emergency, the energy in the motor is recovered to the capacitor bank through DC/DC.
The control method for the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system comprises the following steps of:
S101: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is externally connected with an auxiliary power supply for supplying power to a main control CMS board, the external auxiliary power supply is provided by the whole vehicle, a slave control CMS board group takes power from the main control CMS board, the main control CMS board and the slave control CMS board group start to work, and the main control CMS board transmits signals to a first contactor through a communication wire harness and controls a switch of the first contactor to be closed; then the second contactor switch is closed, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system starts to perform self-checking, and whether the self-checking process is normal is judged? If yes, go to step S102; if not, go to step S103; the self-checking process comprises the steps of calculating the voltage and the current of a capacitor group in the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system by a slave control CMS board group and the residual electric quantity SOC and detecting the insulativity by a master control CMS board;
s102: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is used for precharging a motor of the whole vehicle; after the precharge is finished, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system uploads the detected parameters of the capacitor group to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a communication mechanism established by the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and the whole vehicle, and the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system supplies power to the whole vehicle, and the whole vehicle starts to operate until a hydrogen fuel cell starts to normally supply power; the parameters comprise voltage, current, temperature and insulativity of the capacitor bank;
S103: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system does not precharge the motor of the whole vehicle; meanwhile, the master control CMS board feeds back an abnormal signal to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through the bidirectional DC/DC converter to report the error of the CMS, and the whole vehicle is not started.
In the whole vehicle running process, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system continues to perform self-checking:
(1) When the temperature of the capacitor bank is detected to be too high, overcurrent or overvoltage signals, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system feeds the temperature of the capacitor bank to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the whole vehicle makes a response for prohibiting charging of the capacitor bank; if the whole vehicle does not respond, the first contactor is disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system;
(2) When the capacitor bank undervoltage signal is detected, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system feeds the capacitor bank undervoltage signal back to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the whole vehicle makes a response for prohibiting the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system from discharging; or the whole vehicle sends an instruction through electric control and charges the capacitor group through the fuel cell stack until the voltage of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is normal; if the whole vehicle does not respond, the first contactor is disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system;
(3) When the capacitor bank short-circuit signal is detected, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system feeds the capacitor bank short-circuit signal back to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the first contactor and the second contactor are disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system;
(4) When detecting novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and whole car leakage signal, novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system feeds back novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and whole car leakage signal to the central processing unit of whole car through two-way DC/DC converter to disconnection first contactor and second contactor protects novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system.
Compared with a super capacitor, the lithium ion capacitor adopted in the embodiment has the advantages of high power density, wide temperature adaptability, low self-discharge rate, long cycle life and the like. Meanwhile, the invention can realize the management of each single unit, the voltage balance among the single units, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is safe and reliable to use, and the starting, the acceleration and the energy recovery of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car are realized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the power supply of the whole hydrogen fuel cell car is safer and more reliable, the starting, the acceleration and the energy recovery of the whole hydrogen fuel cell car are realized, the effects of environmental protection, high efficiency and energy saving are achieved, and the energy storage efficiency and the service life of the capacitor bank are improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is characterized in that: comprising the following steps: the system comprises a capacitor bank, a master control CMS board, a slave control CMS board, a current sensor, a first contactor, a second contactor, a third contactor, a first fuse, a second fuse, a third fuse, a bidirectional DC/DC converter and an AC/DC converter;
a first contactor, a first fuse, a capacitor bank, a second fuse, a second contactor and a current sensor are sequentially connected between a positive terminal and a negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter; a third contactor and a third fuse are sequentially connected between the positive terminal of the AC/DC converter and the capacitor bank, and the negative terminal of the AC/DC converter is connected with the negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter;
The main control CMS board is respectively connected with the slave control CMS board group, the control end of the first contactor, the control end of the second contactor, the control end of the third contactor, the control end of the first fuse, the control end of the second fuse, the control end of the third fuse, the output end of the current sensor and the temperature sensor; the first contactor and the second contactor are used for controlling the on-off of a circuit between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the bidirectional DC/DC converter; the third contactor is used for controlling the on-off of a circuit between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the AC/DC converter; the first fuse, the second fuse and the third fuse are all used for protecting the circuit safety of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system;
The method comprises the steps that a master control CMS board, a slave control CMS board set, a current sensor and a temperature sensor respectively detect parameters of a capacitor set, wherein the parameters comprise voltage of the capacitor set, current of the capacitor set, residual electric quantity SOC of the capacitor set and temperature of the capacitor set, the voltage of the capacitor set is acquired by the slave control CMS board set through a voltage acquisition line connected with the capacitor set, the current of the capacitor set is detected by the current sensor, the residual electric quantity SOC of the capacitor set is calculated by the master control CMS board, and the temperature of the capacitor set is detected by the temperature sensor; the slave CMS board group comprises a slave CMS board LCU1#, a slave CMS board LCU2# and a slave CMS board LCU3#, wherein the slave CMS board LCU1#, the slave CMS board LCU2# and the slave CMS board LCU3# are respectively connected to the master CMS board; the capacitor group comprises two parts, each part at least comprises a lithium ion capacitor monomer, and a manual maintenance switch is connected in series between the two parts;
The novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is a bidirectional flow system, and the energy is transmitted by the fuel cell stack to charge the capacitor group through a bidirectional DC/DC converter when the whole vehicle is in a steady state; the motor feedback energy charges the capacitor bank through the DC/DC converter during the emergency braking of the whole vehicle; the capacitor group releases energy to supply power to the motor through a bidirectional DC/DC converter at the moment of cold starting of the whole vehicle; the capacitor group provides instant energy for the bidirectional DC/DC converter when the whole vehicle accelerates or climbs, and the bidirectional DC/DC converter supplies power for a motor in the whole vehicle; the AC/DC converter is connected with a standby power supply, and the standby power supply charges the capacitor bank of the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system under the condition that the bidirectional DC/DC converter does not have electric input to charge the capacitor bank or the capacitor bank is self-discharged to be lower than a safe starting voltage range;
the control method based on the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system comprises the following steps:
S101: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is externally connected with an auxiliary power supply for supplying power to a main control CMS board, the external auxiliary power supply is provided by the whole vehicle, a slave control CMS board group takes power from the main control CMS board, the main control CMS board and the slave control CMS board group start to work, and the main control CMS board transmits signals to a first contactor through a communication wire harness and controls a switch of the first contactor to be closed; then the second contactor switch is closed, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system starts to perform self-checking, and whether the self-checking process is normal is judged? If yes, go to step S102; if not, go to step S103; the self-checking process comprises the steps of calculating the voltage and the current of a capacitor group in the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system by a slave control CMS board group and the residual electric quantity SOC and detecting the insulativity by a master control CMS board;
s102: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is used for precharging a motor of the whole vehicle; after the precharge is finished, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system uploads the detected parameters of the capacitor group to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a communication mechanism established by the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and the whole vehicle, and the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system supplies power to the whole vehicle, and the whole vehicle starts to operate until a hydrogen fuel cell starts to normally supply power; the parameters comprise voltage, current, temperature and insulativity of the capacitor bank;
in the whole vehicle operation process, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system continues to perform self-checking:
(1) When the temperature of the capacitor bank is detected to be too high, overcurrent or overvoltage signals, the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system feeds signals back to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the whole vehicle makes a response for prohibiting charging of the capacitor bank; if the whole vehicle does not respond, the first contactor is disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system;
(2) When the undervoltage signal of the capacitor bank is detected, the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system feeds back the signal to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the whole vehicle makes a response for prohibiting the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system from discharging; or the whole vehicle sends an instruction through electric control and charges the capacitor group through the fuel cell stack until the voltage of the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system is normal; if the whole vehicle does not respond, the first contactor is disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system;
(3) When the short-circuit signal of the capacitor bank is detected, the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system feeds signals back to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the first contactor and the second contactor are disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super-capacitor auxiliary power system;
(4) When the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system and the whole vehicle electric leakage signal are detected, the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system feeds signals back to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through a bidirectional DC/DC converter, and the first contactor and the second contactor are disconnected to protect the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system;
S103: the novel lithium ion super capacitor auxiliary power system does not precharge the motor of the whole vehicle; meanwhile, the master control CMS board feeds back an abnormal signal to a central processing unit of the whole vehicle through the bidirectional DC/DC converter to report the error of the CMS, and the whole vehicle is not started.
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