CN109177174B - 3D printing method suitable for cylindrical part - Google Patents
3D printing method suitable for cylindrical part Download PDFInfo
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- CN109177174B CN109177174B CN201811052596.4A CN201811052596A CN109177174B CN 109177174 B CN109177174 B CN 109177174B CN 201811052596 A CN201811052596 A CN 201811052596A CN 109177174 B CN109177174 B CN 109177174B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D printing method suitable for a cylindrical part, which comprises the following steps: s1, performing three-dimensional modeling on the cylindrical part to be printed by using computer design software; s2, slicing the three-dimensional model by using a slicing method of a cylindrical surface patch, and forming motion control G-code information; and step S3, importing the sliced file into a 3D printer, wherein the 3D printer completes the solid structure of the cylindrical part layer by layer from inside to outside according to the G-code information formed in the step S2, the 3D printer adopts a printing cylinder arranged along the X direction as a printing part attachment platform, the printing cylinder can rotate around the central axis of the printing cylinder, a printing head is arranged right above the printing cylinder, and the printing head can horizontally move left and right along the length direction of the printing cylinder and can move up and down along the Z direction. The 3D printing method for the cylindrical part avoids shape distortion caused by replacing a curve with a straight line when the part with the curve cross-sectional profile is sliced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a 3D printing method suitable for a cylindrical part.
Background
The 3D printing technology is a technology for constructing a solid part by a method of gradually accumulating materials, and is called a manufacturing technology having an industrial revolutionary significance, and compared with the conventional material reduction manufacturing, the technology has the advantages of high material utilization rate, short manufacturing period, low cost and the like because a mold is not required when a complex part is printed, and is widely applied to product research and development and production processes in the fields of automobiles, aerospace, industrial design and the like.
Slicing processing is one of the most important processes of the 3D printer from a model to an entity, and slicing software is used for slicing the three-dimensional model in a layering mode to generate a path file to control the movement of the printing head, the extruding mechanism and the printing platform. The existing 3D printing slicing method is to slice the three-dimensional model into a certain printing thickness with enough triangular patches in a certain direction of the three-dimensional model, calculate the printing path according to the information obtained by intersection of each layer of slices and the model, and then build the three-dimensional model by layer-by-layer accumulation of printing materials. When the three-dimensional model with the curve outline is printed, the curve outline is replaced by the straight line segment, even if the straight line segment is divided into smaller segments, the curve outline is distorted, and the printing head of the printer is accelerated and decelerated frequently, so that larger vibration is generated, the printing precision is low, and the printing time is long.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that when a three-dimensional model with a curve outline is printed in the existing 3D printing method, the curve outline is distorted, and the printing precision and the printing speed are influenced due to the fact that the printing head is subjected to large vibration caused by frequent acceleration and deceleration.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a 3D printing method for a cylindrical part, comprising the steps of:
s1, performing three-dimensional modeling on the cylindrical part to be printed by using computer design software;
s2, slicing the three-dimensional model by using a slicing method of a cylindrical surface patch, slicing the cylindrical part by using the cylindrical surface patch along the central axis of the cylindrical part, dividing the cylindrical part into a plurality of layers with printable thickness, wherein the layer thickness is delta r, and the radius of each layer of circle is riWhere i represents the ith layer, Δ r ═ ri+1-riI is more than or equal to 1, and motion control G-code information is formed;
step S3, importing the sliced file into a 3D printer, wherein the 3D printer completes the solid structure of the cylindrical part layer by layer from inside to outside according to the G-code information formed in the step S2, the 3D printer adopts a printing cylinder arranged along the X direction as a printing part attaching platform, the printing cylinder is detachably mounted on the printer, and the printing cylinder can rotate around the central axis of the printing cylinder; the printing head is arranged right above the printing cylinder, can horizontally move left and right along the length direction of the printing cylinder, and can move up and down along the Z direction.
Preferably, the operation of step S3 is as follows:
s31, printing the inner layer of the cylindrical part, and starting to print r by the printing head at a certain starting point1Layer, printing member adheres to the platform and rotates at the uniform velocity along the axis, and when printing and adheres to the platform and rotate 360, it removes a unit length along the X direction to beat printer head, and this unit length equals to printing material condensation diameter, prints in proper order and accomplishes r1A layer; wherein the inner layer of the cylindrical part is printed with at least 1 layer。
S32, printing an intermediate layer of the cylindrical part, moving a printing head upwards for a distance delta r along the Z direction, starting printing from the initial point position of the intermediate layer, rotating a printing piece attaching platform at a constant speed, moving the printing head at a constant speed along the X direction at a constant speed, moving the printing head upwards for a distance delta r along the Z direction when the first layer of the intermediate layer is printed, then moving back along the reverse direction of the X direction, starting printing the second layer of the intermediate layer, sequentially circulating, and printing all layers of the intermediate layer by layer;
and S33, printing a cylindrical part surface layer, moving the printing head upwards by a distance delta r along the Z direction, enabling the printing attachment platform to rotate at a constant speed, starting printing the surface layer by the printing head at a certain starting point, moving the printing head by a unit length along the X direction when the printing attachment platform rotates 360 degrees, wherein the unit length is equal to the condensation diameter of a printing material, and sequentially printing the surface layer to obtain a cylindrical part real object.
Preferably, in step S32, the trajectory of the printing material is in the shape of a spiral on the cylindrical part, and the equation of the spiral is as follows:
y＝ri sinθ
z＝ri cosθ
where θ is wt and w is the attachment platform rotational angular velocity; p is the lead, i.e. the distance the print head moves in the X direction with one rotation of the attachment platform; r isiRepresents the radius of the printed ith layer circle; when the spiral line rotates leftwards, the sign in the formula is positive, and when the spiral line rotates rightwards, the sign in the formula is negative; through setting up the size of adhering to platform rotation speed w and lead p, adjustable printing material forms the shape of helix, through the change of the direction of rotation of adhering to the platform or the direction of movement of beating printer head, can print out cylindrical part intermediate level of different grid shapes and sizes.
Preferably, the 3D printer further comprises an outfeed device in communication with the print head.
The invention has the advantages that:
compared with the existing 3D printer technology, the method breaks through the existing slicing method for the plane triangular surface patch and the printing method for printing the part from bottom to top, and the invention innovatively provides the slicing method for the cylindrical part by utilizing the cylindrical surface patch and the printing method for the cylindrical part to print layer by layer from inside to outside. The cylindrical surface slice method avoids the shape distortion caused by replacing a curve with a straight line when a part with a curve section outline is sliced. During printing, the linear motion of the printing head is matched with the rotary motion of the attachment platform, and a spiral line with adjustable rotation direction and lead is formed on the surface of the cylindrical part. Because the spiral line distance between any two points on the cylindrical surface is shortest, the printing speed of the cylindrical part is greatly improved, and meanwhile, printing materials are saved. Because the outline of the cylindrical part is formed by the continuous movement of the printing head from inside to outside, the vibration caused by frequent acceleration and deceleration when the traditional printing head prints the curve outline is avoided, and the printing precision of a printed piece is improved. Because the spiral line direction of rotation and the lead are adjustable, filling grids with different shapes and sizes can be printed according to the printing process, and the strength of a printed part is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a 3D printing method suitable for cylindrical parts.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cylindrical patch slicing method of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method of printing an inner layer of a cylindrical part.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method of printing an intermediate layer of a cylindrical part.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a 3D printing method suitable for a cylindrical part, the method comprising the steps of:
step S1: and carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the cylindrical part to be printed by utilizing computer design software.
Step S2: and slicing the three-dimensional model and forming motion control G-code information. The specific operation of slicing the three-dimensional model is as follows: as shown in fig. 2, the cylindrical part is sliced by the cylindrical surface sheet along the central axis of the cylindrical part, the cylindrical part is cut into a plurality of layers with printable thickness, the layer thickness is Δ r, and the radius of each layer of circle is riWhere i represents the ith layer, Δ r ═ ri+1-ri，i≥1。
Step S3: and importing the sliced file into a 3D printer, and finishing the solid structure of the cylindrical part layer by layer from the inner layer to the outer layer of the cylindrical part by the 3D printer according to the G-code information formed in the step S2. The 3D printer adopts the printing cylinder horizontally arranged along the X direction as a printing piece attaching platform, the printing cylinder is detachably arranged on the printer, and the printing cylinder can rotate around the central axis at a constant speed. Set up directly over the printing cylinder and beat printer head, beat printer head and can follow printing cylinder length direction level and remove about, and can follow the Z direction simultaneously and reciprocate for adjust the height position of beating printer head in printing cylinder top, beat printer head and discharging device intercommunication.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the step S3 specifically operates as follows:
step S31: printing the inner layer of the cylindrical part, rotating the print member attaching platform at an angular speed w at a constant speed, and starting to print r by the printing head at a starting point P01The printing head moves along the X direction for a unit length equal to the condensation diameter d of the printing material when the printing attachment platform rotates 360 degrees, and the printing head prints r sequentially1A layer; the inner layer of the cylindrical part is printed at least 1 layer.
Step S32: printing the middle layer of the cylindrical part, moving the printing head upwards for a distance of delta r along the Z direction, starting printing from the starting point position of the middle layer by the printing head, rotating the printing part attaching platform at an angular speed w at a constant speed, moving the printing head at a constant speed along the X direction at a speed v, moving the printing head upwards for a distance of delta r along the Z direction when the first layer of the middle layer is printed, then moving back along the reverse direction of the X direction, starting printing the second layer of the middle layer, circulating in sequence, and printing all layers of the middle layer by layer.
Step S33: printing a surface layer of a cylindrical part, moving a printing head upwards by a distance delta r along the Z direction, enabling a printing part attachment platform to rotate at a constant speed by an angular speed w, starting printing the surface layer by the printing head at a certain point, moving the printing head by a unit length along the X direction when the printing attachment platform rotates 360 degrees, wherein the unit length is equal to a condensation diameter d of a printing material, and sequentially printing the surface layer.
In step S32, the trajectory of the printing material is in the form of a spiral on the cylindrical part, the spiral equation being as follows:
y＝ri sinθ
z＝ri cosθ
where θ is wt, and w represents the landing angular velocity; p represents the lead, i.e. the distance of movement of the print head in the X direction with one rotation of the attachment platform; r isiRepresents the radius of the printed ith layer circle; when the spiral line rotates leftwards, the sign in the formula is positive, and when the spiral line rotates rightwards, the sign in the formula is negative; through setting up the size of adhering to platform rotation speed w and lead p, adjustable printing material forms the shape of helix, through the direction of rotation that adheres to the platform or the change of the moving direction of printer head, can print out different net shape and size cylindrical part intermediate level.
In conclusion, the invention innovatively provides a 3D printing method for printing a cylindrical part layer by layer from inside to outside, and overcomes the shape distortion caused by the fact that a straight line replaces a curve when a part with a curve section outline is sliced in the traditional printing method; the printing speed of the cylindrical part is greatly improved, and meanwhile, printing materials are saved; the vibration generated by frequent acceleration and deceleration when the traditional printing head prints the curve contour is avoided, and the printing precision of the printed piece is improved.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A3D printing method suitable for cylindrical parts is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing three-dimensional modeling on the cylindrical part to be printed by using computer design software;
s2, slicing the three-dimensional model by using a slicing method of a cylindrical surface patch, and forming motion control G-code information; the specific slicing method comprises the following steps: slicing the cylindrical part by adopting a cylindrical surface sheet along the central axis of the cylindrical part, cutting the cylindrical part into a plurality of layers of printable thicknesses, wherein the layer thickness is delta r, and the radius of each layer of circle is riWhere i represents the ith layer, Δ r ═ ri+1-ri，i≥1；
Step S3, importing the file subjected to slicing processing into a 3D printer, wherein the 3D printer completes the solid structure of the cylindrical part layer by layer from inside to outside according to the G-code information formed in the step S2, the 3D printer adopts a printing cylinder arranged along the X direction as a printing part attachment platform, the printing cylinder can rotate around the central axis of the printing cylinder, a printing head is arranged right above the printing cylinder, and the printing head can horizontally move left and right along the length direction of the printing cylinder and can move up and down along the Z direction; the specific printing operation is as follows:
s31, printing an inner layer of the cylindrical part, starting to print r1 layers by a printing head at a certain starting point, enabling the printing head to rotate along the axis at a constant speed, moving the printing head by a unit length along the X direction when the printing attachment platform rotates 360 degrees, wherein the unit length is equal to the condensation diameter of a printing material, and sequentially printing r1 layers;
s32, printing an intermediate layer of the cylindrical part, moving a printing head upwards for a distance delta r along the Z direction, starting printing from the initial point position of the intermediate layer, rotating a printing piece attaching platform at a constant speed, moving the printing head at a constant speed along the X direction at a constant speed, moving the printing head upwards for a distance delta r along the Z direction when the first layer of the intermediate layer is printed, then moving back along the reverse direction of the X direction, starting printing the second layer of the intermediate layer, sequentially circulating, and printing all layers of the intermediate layer by layer;
the track of the printing material is in a spiral line shape on the cylindrical part, and the equation expression of the spiral line is as follows:
y＝risinθ
z＝ricosθ
where θ is wt and w is the attachment platform rotational angular velocity; p is the lead, i.e. the distance the print head moves in the X direction with one rotation of the attachment platform; r isiRepresents the radius of the printed ith layer circle; when the spiral line rotates leftwards, the sign in the formula is positive, and when the spiral line rotates rightwards, the sign in the formula is negative; the printing material can be adjusted to form a spiral line shape by setting the rotating speed w and the lead p of the attachment platform, and cylindrical part intermediate layers with different grid shapes and sizes can be printed by changing the rotating direction of the attachment platform or the moving direction of the printing head;
and S33, printing a cylindrical part surface layer, moving the printing head upwards by a distance delta r along the Z direction, enabling the printing attachment platform to rotate at a constant speed, starting printing the surface layer by the printing head at a certain starting point, moving the printing head by a unit length along the X direction when the printing attachment platform rotates 360 degrees, wherein the unit length is equal to the condensation diameter of a printing material, and sequentially printing the surface layer to obtain a cylindrical part real object.
2. The 3D printing method for the cylindrical part as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least 1 layer of the inner layer of the cylindrical part is printed in step S31.
3. The 3D printing method for cylindrical parts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the print cartridge is removably mounted on the 3D printer.
4. The 3D printing method for cylindrical parts according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printer further comprises an outfeed device in communication with the print head.
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| CN110774584A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-02-11 | 西安理工大学 | 3D printing method based on polar coordinate system |
| CN110815825B (en) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-06-04 | 珠海赛纳三维科技有限公司 | Printing method of 3D object slice layer, printing method of 3D object and printing device |
| CN110861302B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-12-14 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Material increase manufacturing device and manufacturing method for extra-cabin rail of continuous rod-beam structural unit |
| CN111037916B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2023-05-30 | 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | Additive manufacturing forming method of non-planar hot bed |
| CN114393822A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-26 | 西安交通大学 | Continuous fiber 3D printer capable of printing and forming on inner wall of rotary cylinder |
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| CN107187056A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-22 | 上海交通大学 | The complex parts 3D printing method and system being layered based on curved surface |
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