CN109177106B - Device and method for extruding directional short carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material - Google Patents
Device and method for extruding directional short carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109177106B CN109177106B CN201810737602.3A CN201810737602A CN109177106B CN 109177106 B CN109177106 B CN 109177106B CN 201810737602 A CN201810737602 A CN 201810737602A CN 109177106 B CN109177106 B CN 109177106B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
- B29K2105/14—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles oriented
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/731—Filamentary material, i.e. comprised of a single element, e.g. filaments, strands, threads, fibres
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for extruding directional chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite materials in the field of composite material processing.A multifunctional stirring device is arranged in the middle of the inside of a melting cavity, the bottom of the melting cavity is connected with left and right horizontally-arranged extruding cavities through a gate valve, a horizontally-arranged telescopic hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the left side of the extruding cavity, the right end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is connected with a primary sleeve piston, and a secondary sleeve piston is coaxially connected with the primary sleeve piston; the right end outlet of the extrusion cavity is coaxially connected and communicated with a tapered stepped pipe type nozzle, a multi-stage tapered stepped pipe from left to right is arranged in the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle, the inner diameter of the pipeline of the tapered stepped pipe is gradually reduced from left to right, and the left length of the pipeline of the tapered stepped pipe is gradually reduced from left to right; the invention integrates three processes of blanking, stirring and extruding into a whole, leads the chopped carbon fiber filaments to be directionally arranged in the thermoplastic resin matrix along the material extruding direction, and directly processes the chopped carbon fiber filaments and the thermoplastic resin matrix raw material into continuous filaments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of composite material processing, in particular to a filament extruding device and method for a directional chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material.
Background
Carbon fiber is a fibrous carbon material, has the advantages of high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, high heat conductivity and the like, and is mainly prepared into a carbon fiber reinforced composite material for use. In the actual use process, the carbon fiber reinforced composite material has incomparable performance advantages compared with other fiber reinforced composite materials, and the composite material has high strength, fatigue resistance, corrosion resistance, electric conduction and good heat conduction performance. With the application of 3D printing technology, the production of novel carbon fiber reinforced composite members by using 3D printing technology has become a new manufacturing process. The common 3D printing forming technology comprises an SLA technology, an FDM technology, an SLS technology, an LOM technology, a 3DP technology and the like, wherein the FDM technology is widely used due to the advantages of low operation cost, good printing quality, high forming precision, multiple material types, simple post-processing and the like. Chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire materials used in the FDM process are generally prepared by uniformly mixing a molten thermoplastic resin matrix and chopped carbon fiber yarns and then passing the mixture through a wire extruding device. When the chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire material is used for FDM printing, the orientation degree of the chopped carbon fiber wires in the thermoplastic resin matrix has great influence on the final mechanical property of the wire material. Under the existing mixing mode, the chopped carbon fiber filaments are randomly arranged in the thermoplastic resin matrix and show isotropic property, so that the mechanical property of the prepared composite material member is improved to a limited extent, and the unique designability advantage of the composite material is difficult to give full play. Therefore, designing a filament-making device with uniform mixing of chopped carbon fibers and a thermoplastic resin matrix and consistent fiber orientation is especially important for realizing 3D printing of high-performance thermoplastic carbon fiber composite materials.
Chinese patent publication No. CN106891518A discloses an apparatus for directional alignment of a mixture of chopped carbon fibers and a thermoplastic composite material, comprising: the device comprises a hot melting heating device, an air pressure extruding device, an asymmetric uniform stirring device, a short carbon nanotube fiber polarization processing device and an automatic wire coiling device. The device can realize the prefabrication of chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire materials, and the printing precision and the mechanical property of the carbon fiber structural member can be improved by printing the prefabricated wire materials. But it has disadvantages:
(1) the orientation principle of the chopped carbon fiber filaments is that a high-voltage electric field is emitted by an antenna, polarization of the conductive chopped carbon fibers is instantly realized, and the oriented arrangement treatment of the conductive chopped carbon fibers in a matrix of a molten thermoplastic composite material is realized. However, due to the high viscosity of the molten thermoplastic composite material and the flexibility of the fibers, the electric field intensity required by the polarization orientation of the fibers is large, the electric field distribution is complex, the orientation arrangement effect of the fibers is not ideal, and potential safety hazards exist.
(2) The asymmetric uniform stirring device has a single function, only comprises the step stirring of the chopped carbon fiber powder and the thermoplastic composite material, has larger difference of the uniform stirring degree of the upper layer and the lower layer of the high-viscosity molten resin matrix, is easy to cause the instability of the later-stage filament extrusion quality and performance, and has lower stirring efficiency.
(3) The extrusion power source is a cylinder, and the high-viscosity molten thermoplastic composite material is pushed by pressure gas input from a cylinder pipeline in the extrusion process, so that the required gas pressure is high, and the pressure gas is easily mixed into the molten thermoplastic composite material to cause bubbles in the extruded wires, thereby influencing the mechanical properties of the prepared wires and the final fiber composite material parts.
(4) The technology does not give full consideration to the influence of temperature change on the flowing state of a melt in the stirring and extruding processes, so that the part with violent flow rate and pressure change is easy to block in the extruding channel, and particularly, after each working cycle is finished and stopped, the high-viscosity thermoplastic composite melt which is remained in the extruding channel and is not completely extruded can be gradually cooled and solidified, so that the extruding channel is blocked, and meanwhile, the great raw material waste is caused, and the extruding work is difficult to smoothly and continuously carry out.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the uniform mixing difficulty of chopped carbon fiber yarns and thermoplastic composite materials is high, the directional arrangement of the chopped carbon fiber yarns in the molten thermoplastic composite materials is difficult, the molten thermoplastic composite materials are easy to block along with the reduction of temperature in the extrusion process and the like in the traditional 3D printing filament extruding device and the directional arrangement processing device for mixing the chopped carbon fibers and the thermoplastic composite materials, the invention provides the filament extruding device for the directional chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite materials, and the problems are effectively avoided through the combination of various structures. Meanwhile, the invention also provides a control method of the device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the extruding device for the directional chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material is as follows: the multifunctional stirring device is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of a stirring motor; the bottom of the melting cavity is connected with a left and right horizontally-arranged extruding cavity through a gate valve, a horizontally-arranged telescopic hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the left side of the extruding cavity, a primary sleeve piston is connected to the right end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, the outer wall of the primary sleeve piston is connected with the inner wall of the extruding cavity in a sliding and sealing mode, and a secondary sleeve piston is coaxially connected with the primary sleeve piston; the right-hand member export coaxial coupling of crowded material chamber and intercommunication convergent ladder tubular nozzle, convergent ladder tubular nozzle inside has from left to right multistage convergent ladder pipe, and the pipeline internal diameter of convergent ladder pipe is from a left side to right and is decreased progressively and control length from a left side to right and decrease progressively in proper order.
Further, the outer wall of the melting cavity is wrapped with a first coil heater, and the outer wall of the first coil heater is wrapped with a first heat insulation cotton; a coil pipe type heater II is wrapped outside the right half side of the extrusion cavity, and heat insulation cotton II is wrapped on the outer wall of the coil pipe type heater II; the reducing ladder tubular nozzle is externally wrapped with a coil type heater III, and the outer wall of the coil type heater III is wrapped with heat insulation cotton III.
Further, multi-functional agitating unit scrapes the flitch by one-level puddler, second grade puddler, spiral pay-off flabellum, and T type puddler is constituteed, and the coaxial fixed connection one-level puddler lower extreme of second grade puddler, the coaxial fixed connection agitator motor in one-level puddler upper end are equipped with spiral pay-off flabellum from the top down in proper order on one-level puddler, scrape flitch and T type puddler, are equipped with spiral crowded material flabellum on the second grade puddler.
Furthermore, the tapered stepped pipes are in 4-8 grades, the inner diameter ratio of the left tapered stepped pipe to the right tapered stepped pipe in two adjacent left and right tapered stepped pipes is 1.3-1.5, and the left-right length ratio of the left tapered stepped pipe to the right tapered stepped pipe is 1.1-1.3.
Furthermore, a cooling roller and a wire coiling cylinder are sequentially arranged on the right side of the outer part of the tapered stepped tubular nozzle, and the wire coiling cylinder is driven to rotate by a wire coiling motor.
Furthermore, the rotary spray head extends into the melting cavity from the top, the rotary spray head is connected with one end of a water pipe, the other end of the water pipe is connected with a water tank, a valve is arranged on the water pipe, and the water tank is located below the outlet of the right end of the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle.
The invention relates to a filament extruding method of a filament extruding device of a directional chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material, which adopts the technical scheme that: comprises the following steps:
A. closing the gate valve, feeding the raw materials to the hopper by the thermoplastic resin matrix and the chopped carbon fiber yarns, heating the melting cavity by the coil heater after the raw materials enter the melting cavity, preserving heat by the coil heater, and simultaneously driving the multifunctional stirring shaft to rotate by the stirring motor;
B. after the chopped carbon fiber filaments and the thermoplastic resin matrix are uniformly mixed, the first coil heater stops heating, the gate valve is opened, and the multifunctional stirring shaft pushes the uniformly mixed chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt downwards into the extruding cavity from the melt cavity;
C. the telescopic hydraulic cylinder works to drive the primary sleeve piston and the secondary sleeve piston to push the mixed melt material from left to right to extrude filaments, meanwhile, the coil type heater II and the coil type heater III heat, and the heat insulation cotton II and the heat insulation cotton III insulate heat;
D. the telescopic hydraulic cylinder drives the primary sleeve piston and the secondary sleeve piston to move leftwards to return to the original positions.
And step C, sequentially arranging a cooling roller and a wire coiling cylinder on the right side outside the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle, extruding the molten chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt rightwards from the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle, sequentially cooling the molten chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt by the cooling roller filled with cold water to form chopped carbon fiber reinforced wires, and coiling and collecting the chopped carbon fiber reinforced wires by the wire coiling cylinder.
Furthermore, after the coiled wire is collected, the coiled wire enters the material melting cavity through the rotary spray head and is washed by clean water, meanwhile, the gate valve is opened, the clean water enters the material extruding cavity, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder works, the primary sleeve piston and the secondary sleeve piston move rightwards, and water is extruded from the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle and flows into the water tank.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the multifunctional stirring shaft is adopted in the invention, and three processes of blanking, stirring and extruding are integrated. In the blanking process, the spiral feeding fan blades can be used for uniformly scattering the short carbon fiber filaments in the melting cavity, so that the phenomenon of mass agglomeration of the short carbon fiber filaments is avoided. In the stirring process, the chopped carbon fiber filaments and the thermoplastic resin matrix can be uniformly mixed by using a multi-stage stirring mechanism. In the extruding process, considering that the viscosity of the molten thermoplastic resin matrix is high and the molten thermoplastic resin matrix is difficult to slide down smoothly only by means of self gravity, the spiral extruding fan blades are adopted to push the mixed melt of the chopped carbon fiber filaments and the molten thermoplastic resin to flow. In addition, in the process of extruding the wires, the hydraulic energy is converted into mechanical energy by using the telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and the chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt is uniformly extruded by the primary sleeve piston and the secondary sleeve piston, so that the direct contact between oil and the mixed melt is avoided, and the defect of bubbles in the extruded wires is also avoided. In the cleaning process, the water can be recycled, so that the aims of environmental protection and environmental protection are fulfilled.
(2) The invention integrates a plurality of procedures of blanking, stirring, extruding, coiling, cleaning and the like, improves the service performance of the device, and has the characteristics of accurate control, high automation degree, safety and the like.
(3) The invention realizes the purpose of directly processing the chopped carbon fiber wires and the thermoplastic resin matrix (powder/particle) raw materials into continuous wires, so that the wires can be directly used on a 3D printer for printing carbon fiber structural members in the later period. The tapered stepped pipe type nozzle utilizes narrow gaps between tapered inner walls, when the molten thermoplastic composite material flows through a narrow pipeline, the chopped carbon fiber filaments are guided to be directionally arranged in the thermoplastic resin matrix along the material extrusion direction under the action of a larger shearing force, and the regulation and control of the mechanical property of the 3D printing part of the chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material are facilitated.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a filament extruding device for an oriented chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of section I of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1. a melting cavity, 2, a sealing cover of the melting cavity, 3, a hopper, 4, a conveyor belt, 5, a conveying motor, 6, a stirring motor, 7, a primary stirring rod, 8, a spiral feeding fan blade, 9, a scraping plate, 10, a T-shaped stirring rod, 11, a secondary stirring rod, 12, a spiral extruding fan blade, 13, a gate valve, 14, an extruding cavity, 15, a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, 16, a primary sleeve piston, 17, a secondary sleeve piston, 18, a tapered stepped pipe type nozzle, 19, a first cooling roller, 20, a second cooling roller, 21, chopped carbon fiber reinforced wires, 22, a wire coiling barrel, 23, a wire coiling motor, 24, a first coil heater, 25, a first heat insulation cotton, 26, a second coil heater, 27, a second heat insulation cotton, 28, a third coil heater, 29, a third heat insulation cotton, 30, a rotary spray head, 31, a valve, 32, a water pipe, 33, a water tank, 34, a multifunctional stirring device, 35. a tapered stepped pipe.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the extrusion device of the oriented chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material comprises: the automatic wire winding and cleaning device comprises a mixing and stirring system, a telescopic hydraulic grading wire extruding system, an automatic wire winding system, a heating system and an automatic cleaning system. And all the systems are controlled by a main controller to realize coordinated operation, and finally the preparation of the chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire material is finished.
The mixing and stirring system comprises: the device comprises a melting cavity 1, a sealing cover 2 of the melting cavity, a hopper 3, a conveying belt 4, a conveying motor 5, a stirring motor 6, a multifunctional stirring device 34 and a gate valve 13. The material melting cavity 1 is vertically arranged, the material melting cavity sealing cover 2 is arranged at the top opening installation position, the stirring motor 6 is vertically arranged and located above the material melting cavity sealing cover 2, and the stirring motor 6 is overlapped with the central axis of the material melting cavity 1. The hopper 3 is fixedly arranged on the sealing cover 2 of the melting cavity and communicated with the top of the melting cavity 1. The conveyor belt 4 is installed above the hopper 3 and is driven by a conveyor motor 5, and is responsible for feeding work.
The multifunctional stirring device 34 is arranged in the middle of the inside of the material melting cavity 1, the multifunctional stirring device 34 is positioned under the stirring motor 6 and is fixedly connected with an output shaft of the stirring motor 6, and the stirring motor 6 drives the multifunctional stirring device 34 to rotate. The stirring motor 6, the central shaft of the multifunctional stirring device 34 and the central shaft of the melting cavity 1 are collinear.
The multifunctional stirring device 34 is composed of a primary stirring rod 7, a secondary stirring rod 11, a spiral feeding fan blade 8, a scraping plate 9 and a T-shaped stirring rod 10. The second-stage stirring rod 11 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the lower end of the first-stage stirring rod 7, the upper end of the first-stage stirring rod 7 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the stirring motor 6, and the first-stage stirring rod 7 is sequentially provided with a spiral feeding fan blade 8, a scraping plate 9 and a T-shaped stirring rod 10 from top to bottom. The outer diameter of the scraping plate 9 is smaller than the inner diameter of the melting cavity 1 and larger than the outer diameters of the spiral feeding fan blade 8 and the T-shaped stirring rod 10. The second-stage stirring rod 11 is provided with a spiral material extruding fan blade 12.
The bottom of the melting cavity 1 is provided with a material cavity outlet, and a gate valve 13 is arranged at the material cavity outlet and is positioned right below the second-stage stirring rod 11. The left and right horizontally arranged extrusion cavity 14 is arranged below the gate valve 13, the gate valve 13 is connected between the extrusion cavity 14 and the material melting cavity 1, and the connection and the partition of the material melting cavity 1 and the extrusion cavity 14 are realized through the opening and the closing of the gate valve 13.
Referring to fig. 1, the telescopic hydraulic staged wire extruding system comprises: the extrusion chamber 14, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15, the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17. The extrusion chamber 14 is arranged horizontally, below the gate valve 13 and is connected to the melt chamber 1 via the gate valve 13. On the left side of the extrusion chamber 14 is a horizontally arranged telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15, and the cylinder body of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 is hermetically connected with the left end of the extrusion chamber 14. The right end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 is connected with a primary sleeve piston 16. The outer wall of the primary sleeve piston 16 is connected with the inner wall of the extrusion chamber 14 in a sliding sealing way to perform piston movement. The secondary sleeve piston 17 is coaxially connected to the primary sleeve piston 16. The primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17 are both located inside the extrusion chamber 14 and move left and right along the central axis of the extrusion chamber 14. When the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17 are located at the initial positions, the left side wall of the primary sleeve piston 16 is attached to the left inner wall of the extrusion chamber 14, and the left side wall of the secondary sleeve piston 17 is attached to the right side wall of the primary sleeve piston 16.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic wire coiling system comprises: the device comprises a tapered stepped pipe type nozzle 18, a first cooling roller 19, a second cooling roller 20, chopped carbon fiber reinforced wires 21, a wire coiling barrel 22 and a wire coiling motor 23. The right end outlet of the extrusion cavity 14 is coaxially connected and communicated with a tapered stepped tubular nozzle 18.
Referring to fig. 2, the tapered stepped pipe nozzle 18 includes a plurality of stages of tapered stepped pipes 35 from left to right, the tapered stepped pipes 35 in the present invention are in 4-8 stages, and only the 4-stage tapered stepped pipes 35 are shown in fig. 2. The inner diameter of the pipeline of the tapered stepped pipe 35 is gradually reduced from left to right, the inner diameter of the tapered stepped pipe 35 at the leftmost side is the largest and is equal to the inner diameter of the outlet at the right end of the extrusion cavity 14 and is D1The rightmost tapered stepped pipe 35 has the smallest inner diameter Dk+1Wherein k +1 is the progression of the tapered stepped pipe 35 from left to right. Among two adjacent left and right tapered stepped pipes 35, the ratio of the inner diameters of the tapered stepped pipe 35 on the left side and the tapered stepped pipe 35 on the adjacent right side is within the range of 1.3-1.5, namely Dk/Dk+1And =1.3 to 1.5. In addition, the left and right lengths of the tapered stepped pipe 35 are gradually decreased from left to right, and the left and right lengths of the tapered stepped pipe 35 at the leftmost side are the largest and are L1The rightmost tapered stepped pipe 35 has the smallest inner diameter of Lk+1. In two adjacent left and right tapered stepped pipes, the ratio of the lengths of the tapered stepped pipe on the left side and the tapered stepped pipe on the adjacent right side is within the range of 1.1-1.3, namely Lk/Lk+1And =1.1 to 1.3. Inner diameter of tapered stepped pipe 35 of second stage from left to rightAnd the outer diameter of the secondary sleeve piston 17 is matched, so that the secondary sleeve piston 17 can extend into the inner diameter of the tapered stepped pipe 35 of the second stage to extrude the threads.
The cooling roller I19, the cooling roller II 20 and the wire coiling barrel 22 are sequentially arranged on the right side of the outer part of the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle 18. A wire coiling motor 23 is installed below the wire coiling drum 22. The tapered stepped tubular nozzle 18 utilizes a narrow gap between tapered inner walls, and as the molten thermoplastic composite material flows through the narrow channel, a greater shear force acts to progressively orient the chopped carbon fiber filaments in the direction of material extrusion. When the molten chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire 21 is extruded from the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle 18, the molten chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire 21 sequentially passes through the first cooling roller 19 and the second cooling roller 20, and cold water is filled in the first cooling roller 19 and the second cooling roller 20, so that the molten chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire 21 can be rapidly cooled, and the deformation of the wire in the wire coiling process due to tension can be prevented. The wire coiling drum 22 is driven by a wire coiling motor 23 to rotate, and collects the cooled and solidified chopped carbon fiber reinforced wires 21, so that the preparation of the chopped carbon fiber reinforced wires 21 is finally realized.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the heating system includes: the device comprises a melting cavity heating device, an extruding cavity heat preservation device and a gradually-reduced stepped pipe type nozzle preheating device which are all composed of a coil pipe type heater and heat preservation cotton. The heating device of the melting cavity is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the melting cavity 1, the first coil heater 24 surrounds the outer wall of the melting cavity 1, and the outer wall of the first coil heater 24 is wrapped by the first heat-preservation cotton 25 for heat preservation, so that the thermoplastic resin matrix is heated and melted. The extrusion cavity heat preservation device is positioned outside the right half side of the extrusion cavity 14, the second coil type heater 26 is used for surrounding the outer wall of the extrusion cavity 14, and the second coil type heater 26 is wrapped and preserved heat outside the second coil type heater by the second heat preservation cotton 27, so that the extrusion force of the molten composite material is prevented from being increased due to the reduction of the temperature, and even the solidification phenomenon is prevented. The preheating device of the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle is located on the outer wall of the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle 18, the third coil pipe type heater 28 surrounds the outer wall of the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle 18, the third coil pipe type heater 28 is wrapped and insulated by the third insulation cotton 29, and the preheating device has the function of preventing the fused chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire 21 from blocking the nozzle when meeting the condensation, so that continuous extrusion of the wire is facilitated.
Referring to fig. 1, the automatic cleaning system includes: a rotary spray head 30, a valve 31, a water pipe 32 and a water tank 33. The rotary spray head 30 passes through the sealing cover 2 of the material melting cavity, extends into the top of the material melting cavity 1 and is positioned below the sealing cover 2 of the material melting cavity. Rotation type shower nozzle 30 connects water pipe 32 one end, and water tank 33 is connected to the water pipe 32 other end, installs valve 31 on water pipe 32, and water tank 33 is located the below of the export of the right-hand member of convergent ladder tubular nozzle 18, and water tank 33 not only can provide the water source for automatic cleaning system, can also retrieve the waste water that has washed all devices back outflow to accomplish the using water wisely, avoid extravagant.
When the mixing and stirring system works, the three processes of blanking, stirring and extruding are included: the gate valve 13 keeps closed in the blanking process, the conveying motor 5 drives the conveying belt 4 to feed materials into the hopper 3, the thermoplastic resin matrix (powder/particle) and the chopped carbon fiber filaments are sequentially fed into the melting cavity 1 according to a certain proportion, the raw materials fall on the spiral type feeding fan blades 8 after entering the melting cavity 1 through the hopper 3, the raw materials can be uniformly scattered into the melting cavity 1 through the rotation of the spiral type feeding fan blades 8, the purpose of uniformly scattering the raw materials is realized, and therefore the phenomenon that the chopped carbon fiber filaments are condensed in large quantity is avoided. Further, the heating of the melt chamber 1 is started when the thermoplastic resin enters the melt chamber 1. In the stirring process, the gate valve 13 is still closed, and the mixed raw materials are stirred by the spiral feeding fan blades 8, the scraping plates 9, the T-shaped stirring rod 10 and the spiral extruding fan blades 12 on the multifunctional stirring shaft 34, so that the aim of uniformly mixing the raw materials and the mixed raw materials is fulfilled. The scraping plate 9 can also scrape off the molten material adhered to the inner wall of the molten material cavity 1, and the material waste is reduced. In the extruding process, the gate valve 13 is opened, and considering that the viscosity of the molten thermoplastic resin matrix is generally high and the molten thermoplastic resin matrix cannot smoothly slide to the extruding cavity 14 only by virtue of self gravity, the spiral extruding fan blade 8 is adopted to push the flow of the mixed melt of the chopped carbon fiber filaments and the molten thermoplastic resin to push the mixed melt from the melting cavity 1 into the extruding cavity 14.
When the telescopic hydraulic staged wire extruding system works, in the earlier stage of the process (namely, the piston moves rightwards), the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17 are always in a joint state and move rightwards together. When the primary sleeve piston 16 is engaged with the right inner wall of the extrusion chamber 14, the primary sleeve piston 16 stops moving, and the secondary sleeve piston 17 continues to move rightward until it engages with the tapered stepped pipe 35 of the second stage from left to right inside the tapered stepped pipe nozzle 18. During return stroke (i.e. the piston moves leftwards), the secondary sleeve piston 17 moves leftwards first, after the primary sleeve piston 16 is touched, the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17 keep jointed and move leftwards together for return stroke, and the movement is stopped until the primary sleeve piston 16 touches the inner wall of the left side of the extrusion cavity 14, so that a complete piston movement is completed. The purpose of extruding the threads is achieved through the reciprocating motion of the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the extrusion device of the oriented chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite material of the present invention has the following specific steps:
firstly, in the feeding process, the gate valve 13 is kept closed, the conveying motor 5 drives the conveying belt 4 to sequentially feed the thermoplastic resin matrix (powder/particle) and the chopped carbon fiber yarns into the hopper 3, after the thermoplastic resin matrix enters the melting cavity 1, the first coil heater 24 heats the melting cavity 1, and meanwhile, the stirring motor 6 drives the multifunctional stirring shaft 34 to rotate. When the feeding of the conveyor belt 4 is completed, the conveyor motor 5 stops working. When the heating temperature of the first coil heater 24 reaches the melting temperature of the resin, the first coil heater 24 is insulated. After the chopped carbon fiber filaments and the thermoplastic resin matrix are uniformly mixed, the first coil heater 24 stops heating, meanwhile, the gate valve 13 is opened, so that the melting cavity 1 and the extruding cavity 14 are communicated, and in the process that the stirring motor 6 drives the multifunctional stirring shaft 34 to rotate, the uniformly mixed chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt is pushed downwards into the extruding cavity 14 from the melting cavity 1.
Secondly, after all the uniformly mixed chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt enters the extruding cavity 14, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 works to drive the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17 to push the mixed melt material to extrude the filaments, and the secondary sleeve piston 17 extends into the tapered stepped pipe 35 of the second stage to extrude the filaments. Meanwhile, the coil heaters in the extruding cavity heat preservation device and the gradually-reduced stepped pipe type nozzle preheating device are heated and preserved heat. After the molten chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt is extruded rightwards from the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle 18, the chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt is rapidly cooled by a first cooling roller 19 and a second cooling roller 20 which are filled with cold water in sequence to form a chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire 21. Then, the wire coiling motor 23 is operated to rotate the wire coiling drum 22, thereby performing wire coiling collection on the prepared chopped carbon fiber reinforced wire material 21.
After the extrusion and wire winding work is completed, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 drives the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17 to move leftwards to return to the original positions, the heating of the coil heaters in the extrusion cavity heat insulation device and the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle preheating device is stopped, and finally, the automatic cleaning link is started.
And thirdly, during automatic cleaning, opening a valve 31 on a water pipe 32, enabling pressure water flow to enter the material melting cavity 1 through the rotary spray head 30 to perform high-pressure washing on the material melting cavity, and enabling the water flow to enter the material extruding cavity 14 through the opened gate valve 13. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 works, and the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17 move rightwards to extrude water from the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle 18 and flow into the water tank 33 for recycling. Finally, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 15 drives the primary sleeve piston 16 and the secondary sleeve piston 17 to return to the original positions, and the cleaning work is finished.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an crowded silk device of directional short carbon fiber reinforcement thermoplasticity combined material that cuts, includes about perpendicular melt chamber (1) of arranging, hopper (3) and melt chamber (1) top intercommunication, characterized by: a multifunctional stirring device (34) is arranged in the middle of the inner part of the melting material cavity (1), and the multifunctional stirring device (34) is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of a stirring motor (6); the bottom of the melting material cavity (1) is connected with a left and right horizontally-arranged extruding cavity (14) through a gate valve (13), the left side of the extruding cavity (14) is provided with a horizontally-arranged telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15), the right end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15) is connected with a primary sleeve piston (16), the outer wall of the primary sleeve piston (16) is connected with the inner wall of the extruding cavity (14) in a sliding and sealing manner, and a secondary sleeve piston (17) is coaxially connected with the primary sleeve piston (16); the right end outlet of the extrusion cavity (14) is coaxially connected and communicated with a tapered stepped pipe type nozzle (18), a multi-stage tapered stepped pipe (35) from left to right is arranged in the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle (18), the inner diameter of the pipeline of the tapered stepped pipe (35) is gradually reduced from left to right, and the left length is gradually reduced from left to right; the multifunctional stirring device (34) consists of a first-stage stirring rod (7), a second-stage stirring rod (11), spiral feeding fan blades (8), a scraping plate (9) and a T-shaped stirring rod (10), wherein the second-stage stirring rod (11) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the lower end of the first-stage stirring rod (7), the upper end of the first-stage stirring rod (7) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a stirring motor (6), the spiral feeding fan blades (8), the scraping plate (9) and the T-shaped stirring rod (10) are sequentially arranged on the first-stage stirring rod (7) from top to bottom, and the spiral extruding fan blades (12) are arranged on the second-stage stirring rod (11); the tapered stepped pipes (35) are in 4-8 levels, the inner diameter ratio of the tapered stepped pipe (35) on the left side to the tapered stepped pipe (35) on the right side in two adjacent tapered stepped pipes (35) on the left and right sides is 1.3-1.5, and the left-right length ratio of the tapered stepped pipe (35) on the left side to the tapered stepped pipe (35) on the right side is 1.1-1.3; the inner diameter of a tapered stepped pipe (35) of the second stage from left to right is matched with the outer diameter of a second-stage sleeve piston (17); the rotary type spray head (30) extends into the melting material cavity (1) from the top, the rotary type spray head (30) is connected with one end of a water pipe (32), the other end of the water pipe (32) is connected with a water tank (33), a valve (31) is arranged on the water pipe (32), and the water tank (33) is located below an outlet at the right end of the tapered stepped tubular nozzle (18).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the melting material cavity (1) is wrapped with a first coiled pipe heater (24), and the outer wall of the first coiled pipe heater (24) is wrapped with a first heat-insulating cotton (25); a second coil heater (26) is wrapped outside the right half side of the extrusion cavity (14), and a second heat-insulating cotton (27) is wrapped outside the second coil heater (26); a coil heater III (28) is wrapped outside the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle (18), and a heat insulation cotton III (29) is wrapped outside the outer wall of the coil heater III (28).
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the cooling roller and the wire coiling cylinder (22) are sequentially arranged on the right side of the outer part of the tapered stepped tubular nozzle (18), and the wire coiling cylinder (22) is driven to rotate by a wire coiling motor (23).
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: a conveyor belt (4) is arranged above the hopper (3), and the conveyor belt (4) is driven by a conveyor motor (5).
5. A method of extruding a filament of the oriented chopped carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite filament extrusion device according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:
A. closing the gate valve (13), feeding raw materials to the hopper (3) by the thermoplastic resin matrix and the chopped carbon fiber yarns, heating the melting cavity (1) by the first coil heater (24) after the raw materials enter the melting cavity (1), preserving heat by the first coil heater (24), and simultaneously driving the multifunctional stirring device (34) to rotate by the stirring motor (6);
B. after the chopped carbon fiber filaments and the thermoplastic resin matrix are uniformly mixed, the first coil heater (24) stops heating, meanwhile, the gate valve (13) is opened, and the multifunctional stirring device (34) pushes the uniformly mixed chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt downwards into the extruding cavity (14) from the melting cavity (1);
C. the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15) works to drive the primary sleeve piston (16) and the secondary sleeve piston (17) to push the mixed melt material from left to right to extrude filaments, when the primary sleeve piston (16) is attached to the inner wall of the right side of the extruding cavity (14), the primary sleeve piston (16) stops moving, the secondary sleeve piston (17) continues moving rightwards until the secondary sleeve piston stops moving when being attached to the gradual shrinkage type stepped pipe (35) of the second stage, the second coil type heater (26) and the third coil type heater (28) heat, and the second heat insulation cotton (27) and the third heat insulation cotton (29) insulate heat;
D. the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15) drives the primary sleeve piston (16) and the secondary sleeve piston (17) to move leftwards to return to the original position, after the secondary sleeve piston (17) moves leftwards and touches the primary sleeve piston (16), the primary sleeve piston (16) and the secondary sleeve piston (17) are kept attached and move leftwards together, and the movement is stopped until the primary sleeve piston (16) touches the inner wall of the left side of the material extruding cavity (14); furthermore, after the coiled wires are collected, the rotary spray head (30) is stretched into the top of the melting cavity (1) and is washed by clean water, meanwhile, the gate valve (13) is opened, the clean water enters the extrusion cavity (14), the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (15) works, the primary sleeve piston (16) and the secondary sleeve piston (17) move rightwards, and water is extruded from the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle (18) and flows into the water tank (33).
6. The filament extrusion method according to claim 5, wherein: and in the step C, a cooling roller and a wire coiling cylinder (22) are sequentially arranged on the right side outside the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle (18), when the molten chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt is extruded rightwards from the tapered stepped pipe type nozzle (18), the molten chopped carbon fiber reinforced melt is sequentially cooled by the cooling roller filled with cold water to form chopped carbon fiber reinforced wires (21), and the wire coiling cylinder (22) is used for coiling and collecting the chopped carbon fiber reinforced wires (21).
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| FR3106765B1 (en) * | 2020-02-04 | 2022-12-30 | Eveon | NOZZLE FOR SPRAYING LIQUID IN THE FORM OF MIST |
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| CN112621996A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-09 | 陕西科技大学 | Preparation device and method of directionally-distributed short carbon fiber reinforced composite material |
| CN114055750A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-02-18 | 江西省正百科技有限公司 | Can eliminate column organic glass raw materials extrusion device of bubble |
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