CN109173925B - Hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporation multilevel structure powder material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporation multilevel structure powder material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109173925B CN109173925B CN201810849994.2A CN201810849994A CN109173925B CN 109173925 B CN109173925 B CN 109173925B CN 201810849994 A CN201810849994 A CN 201810849994A CN 109173925 B CN109173925 B CN 109173925B
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- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/24—Vacuum evaporation
- C23C14/32—Vacuum evaporation by explosion; by evaporation and subsequent ionisation of the vapours, e.g. ion-plating
Abstract
The invention discloses a hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporation multilevel structure powder material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the primary structure of the multilevel structure powder material is primary particles with the particle size of 150 nm-1 mu m, the secondary structure is agglomerated particles with the particle size of 1-5 mu m and the tertiary structure is a powder material with the particle size of 5-50 mu m and consists of the secondary structure; the particle size of the tertiary structure > the particle size of the secondary structure > the particle size of the primary structure. The multilevel-structure powder material can explode step by step and disperse step by step when being heated, thereby realizing the high-efficiency and rapid evaporation of the material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of thermal spraying, in particular to a multilevel-structure powder material for hierarchical dispersion and high-efficiency evaporation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of the aero-engine towards a high thrust-weight ratio, the inlet temperature of the turbine is continuously increased. At present, the turbine inlet temperature is raised to a level exceeding the service limit of the high-temperature alloy, and in order to meet the working requirement of a high-temperature environment, a thermal barrier coating needs to be prepared on the surface of the high-temperature alloy so as to improve the service condition.
Plasma physical vapor deposition (PS-PVD) is a new technology which is based on plasma heating evaporation and realizes large-area rapid preparation of thermal barrier coatings by liquid phase or vapor phase deposition. Due to the input power of the PS-PVD operation which can be up to 120kW and the low operation pressure (50-200 Pa), the coating material powder can be melted and even gasified. Depending on the process conditions, PS-PVD can deposit coatings forming Atmospheric Plasma Spray (APS) like layered structures, electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD) like columnar structures, and layer/column composite structures. Among the above structural coatings, EB-PVD like columnar structural coatings prepared mainly by vapor deposition are attracting much attention because of their excellent thermal shock resistance.
How to achieve efficient evaporation of powder materials is the hot spot of current PS-PVD research. For PS-PVD deposited columnar coatings, the necessary condition is a higher content of gas phase coating material in the plasma jet, theoretical studies show that the heat flux density in a high-power plasma gun can reach 108W/m2Particles of the material having a size of about 3.5 μm can be completely melted, and the reduction of the particles facilitates the evaporation of the material. The plasma gas leaves the nozzle with the molten, vaporized feedstock powder and forms a plasma jet at a chamber pressure significantly lower than the nozzle pressure, and studies have shown that high temperature molten powder material can still be vaporized within the PS-PVD jet. To improve the evaporation of the coating material in PS-PVD, the Sulzer Metco company has specifically designed Metco 6700 powder material, as shown in FIG. 1. Metco 6700 powder is an agglomerate powder of 5-22 μm in size, agglomerated from primary 7YSZ particles of 70-130nm in size. The advantage of applying Metco 6700 powder to PS-PVD is that after the powder material enters the PS-PVD gun, the micron-sized agglomerate powder can be broken down into nanometer-sized primary particles, resulting in better evaporation. However, in fact, when the deposition distance is increased from 450mm to 1400mm under the same process conditions, five different microstructure coatings of 'a compact layered structure-a tightly filled columnar structure-a quasi-columnar structure with more particles-an EB-PVD-like columnar structure-a quasi-nanoscale columnar structure with smooth surface and larger gaps between columns' are obtained, and the gasification effect is obviously reduced along with the increase of the feeding amount of the coating material powder, which shows that the Metco 6700 powder only realizes the effect that a small amount of powder is gradually and partially gasified under the PS-PVD process, and the research and application of the PS-PVD of the coating material powder are still troubled by the high-efficiency evaporation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multilevel-structure powder material with discrete grading and high-efficiency evaporation and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the conventional powder material cannot be efficiently evaporated in PS-PVD; the invention is optimally designed from the powder structure perspective to realize the high-efficiency evaporation of the coating material powder in the PS-PVD.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the hierarchical-discrete high-efficiency-evaporation multilevel-structure powder material is characterized in that a primary structure of the multilevel-structure powder material is primary particles with the particle size of 150 nm-1 mu m, a secondary structure of the multilevel-structure powder material is agglomerated particles with the particle size of 1-5 mu m and composed of the primary particles, and a tertiary structure of the multilevel-structure powder material is a powder material with the particle size of 5-50 mu m and composed of the secondary structure; the particle size of the tertiary structure > the particle size of the secondary structure > the particle size of the primary structure.
The invention is further improved in that the powder material with the multi-stage structure is gradually exploded and dispersed in stages when being heated.
The invention is further improved in that the secondary structure is formed by bonding the primary particles by high-temperature glue; the tertiary structure is formed by bonding a secondary structure through low-temperature glue; the gasification temperature of the low-temperature glue is lower than that of the high-temperature glue.
The invention has the further improvement that the gasification temperature of the high-temperature adhesive is 250-450 ℃; the gasification temperature of the low-temperature adhesive is 100-250 ℃.
A preparation method of a hierarchical structure powder material with hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporation comprises the following steps:
taking initial particles of 150 nm-1 mu m as a primary structure, taking high-temperature glue as a binder, and binding the initial particles into secondary agglomerated particles of 1-5 mu m as a secondary structure;
bonding the secondary agglomerated particles into three-stage agglomerated particles of 5-50 mu m to form a three-stage structure by using low-temperature glue as a bonding agent to obtain a hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporated multi-stage structure powder material;
wherein the gasification temperature of the low-temperature glue is lower than that of the high-temperature glue; the particle size of the tertiary structure > the particle size of the secondary structure > the particle size of the primary structure.
The invention has the further improvement that the gasification temperature of the high-temperature adhesive is 250-450 ℃; the gasification temperature of the low-temperature adhesive is 100-250 ℃.
The invention is further improved in that the preparation method of the primary particles with the particle size of 150 nm-1 μm is hydrothermal synthesis method, liquid phase precipitation method or combustion synthesis method.
The invention is further improved in that the preparation method for binding the initial particles into the secondary agglomerated particles by high-temperature glue is a superfine agglomeration granulation method.
The further improvement of the invention is that the preparation method for bonding the secondary agglomerated particles into the tertiary agglomerated particles by low-temperature glue is a spray granulation method or a mechanical stirring method.
Compared with the existing powder material, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the multilevel structure powder material is formed by bonding binders capable of evaporating at different temperatures step by step, the three-level structure granularity of the multilevel structure powder material is 5-50 mu m, the flowability of the powder material can be effectively guaranteed, the multilevel structure powder material can be exploded step by step when being heated and dispersed in a grading way, the heating caused by too dense influence of local materials caused by direct heating of large-size materials or simultaneous and complete explosion of small-size agglomerated materials is avoided, the one-level structure granularity is 150 nm-1 mu m, and the efficient and rapid evaporation of the materials can be effectively realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of Metco 6700 powder;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the production process of the present invention;
FIG. 3(a) is a schematic representation of a starting particle of example 1 of the present invention; FIG. 3(b) is a schematic diagram of a secondary agglomerate particle; FIG. 3(c) is a schematic diagram of the tertiary structure agglomerate particle.
Detailed Description
Example 1
With ZrOCl2·8H2O and YCl3Using hydrothermal method to synthesize submicron-grade yttria partially-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) particles as raw materials, drying and screening out primary particles 1 with the particle size of 150 nm-1 μm (as shown in figure 3 (a)), and using high-temperature glue with the gasification temperature of 450 ℃ to manufacture by using superfine aggregates at 270 DEG CThe particle method comprises the steps of binding initial particles into agglomerated particles, screening the agglomerated particles with the particle size of 1-5 microns (shown in figure 3 (b)), namely secondary agglomerated particles 2, further binding the secondary agglomerated particles by using a low-temperature glue with the gasification temperature of 250 ℃ at 120 ℃ by using a spray granulation method, and screening the agglomerated particles 3 with the particle size of 5-50 microns (shown in figure 3 (c)).
Example 2
With ZrOCl2·8H2O and YCl3The method comprises the steps of synthesizing submicron-grade yttria partially-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) particles by using a liquid phase precipitation method, drying, calcining and screening out initial particles with the particle size of 280 nm-920 nm, binding the initial particles into agglomerated particles by using a superfine agglomeration granulation method at 150 ℃ by using high-temperature glue with the gasification temperature of 250 ℃, screening out the agglomerated particles with the particle size of 1-5 mu m, namely secondary agglomerated particles, further binding the secondary agglomerated particles by using a mechanical stirring method at 40 ℃ by using low-temperature glue with the gasification temperature of 100 ℃, and screening out tertiary structure agglomerated particles with the particle size of 10-30 mu m.
Example 3
The method comprises the steps of taking zirconium oxide and lanthanum oxide as raw materials, synthesizing lanthanum zirconate by a combustion synthesis method, screening out initial particles with the particle size of 150-300 nm, bonding the initial particles into agglomerated particles by a superfine agglomeration granulation method at 180 ℃ by using high-temperature glue with the gasification temperature of 320 ℃, bonding the secondary agglomerated particles by a mechanical stirring method at 55 ℃ by using low-temperature glue with the gasification temperature of 120 ℃, and screening out the agglomerated particles with the tertiary structure with the particle size of 5-25 mu m.
Example 4
With ZrOCl2·8H2O and La (NO)3)3·6H2O is used as a raw material, submicron particle lanthanum zirconate is synthesized by a liquid phase precipitation method, initial particles with the particle size of 150 nm-280 nm are filtered, dried and calcined, the initial particles are bonded into agglomerated particles by a superfine agglomeration granulation method at 160 ℃ by using high-temperature glue with the gasification temperature of 280 ℃, the agglomerated particles with the particle size of 1-5 mu m are screened out to form secondary agglomerated particles, and the gasification temperature is used forAnd (3) bonding the secondary agglomerated particles by using a low-temperature adhesive at the temperature of 150 ℃ at the temperature of 90 ℃ by using a spray granulation method, and screening the agglomerated particles with the tertiary structure and the particle size of 10-45 mu m.
Claims (8)
1. The hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporation multilevel structure powder material is characterized in that the multilevel structure powder material has a primary structure of primary particles with the particle size of 150 nm-1 mu m, a secondary structure of agglomerated particles with the particle size of 1-5 mu m and a tertiary structure of powder material with the particle size of 5-50 mu m, wherein the agglomerated particles consist of the primary particles; the particle size of the tertiary structure is larger than the particle size of the secondary structure and larger than the particle size of the primary structure;
the secondary structure is formed by bonding initial particles through high-temperature glue; the tertiary structure is formed by bonding a secondary structure through low-temperature glue; the gasification temperature of the low-temperature glue is lower than that of the high-temperature glue.
2. The hierarchical discrete high efficiency evaporating multi-level structure powder material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multi-level structure powder material is broken up stage by stage and discrete in stages when heated.
3. The hierarchical discrete high efficiency evaporative multi-level structured powder material as recited in claim 1, further comprising: the gasification temperature of the high-temperature adhesive is 250-450 ℃; the gasification temperature of the low-temperature adhesive is 100-250 ℃.
4. The preparation method of the multilevel-structure powder material with the hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporation function is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
taking initial particles of 150 nm-1 mu m as a primary structure, taking high-temperature glue as a binder, and binding the initial particles into secondary agglomerated particles of 1-5 mu m as a secondary structure;
bonding the secondary agglomerated particles into three-stage agglomerated particles of 5-50 mu m to form a three-stage structure by using low-temperature glue as a bonding agent to obtain a hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporated multi-stage structure powder material;
wherein the gasification temperature of the low-temperature glue is lower than that of the high-temperature glue; the particle size of the tertiary structure > the particle size of the secondary structure > the particle size of the primary structure.
5. The method for preparing the hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporative multi-stage structure powder material according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the gasification temperature of the high-temperature adhesive is 250-450 ℃; the gasification temperature of the low-temperature adhesive is 100-250 ℃.
6. The method for preparing the hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporative multi-stage structure powder material according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method of the initial particles with the particle size of 150 nm-1 mu m is a hydrothermal synthesis method, a liquid phase precipitation method or a combustion synthesis method.
7. The method for preparing the hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporative multi-stage structure powder material according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method for bonding the initial particles into the secondary agglomerated particles by high-temperature glue is an ultrafine agglomeration granulation method.
8. The method for preparing the hierarchical discrete high-efficiency evaporative multi-stage structure powder material according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the preparation method for bonding the secondary agglomerated particles into the tertiary agglomerated particles by low-temperature glue is a spray granulation method or a mechanical stirring method.
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| US4520114A (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1985-05-28 | Celanese Corporation | Production of metastable tetragonal zirconia |
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| US6099976A (en) * | 1995-06-07 | 2000-08-08 | Lemelson; Jerome H. | Synthetic diamond overlays for gas turbine engine parts having thermal barrier coatings |
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