CN109172580A - 包含前列腺素衍生物的组合物以及包含该组合物的眼用液体制剂 - Google Patents
包含前列腺素衍生物的组合物以及包含该组合物的眼用液体制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109172580A CN109172580A CN201811042504.4A CN201811042504A CN109172580A CN 109172580 A CN109172580 A CN 109172580A CN 201811042504 A CN201811042504 A CN 201811042504A CN 109172580 A CN109172580 A CN 109172580A
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- Prior art keywords
- valproic acid
- composition
- prostaglandins
- derivatives
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- Prior art date
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种包含前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物以及包含有该组合物的眼用液体制剂,其中所述前列腺素衍生物优选拉坦前列素、贝美前列素、曲伏前列素、他氟前列素、乌诺前列酮与latanoprostene中的一种,丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐优选丙戊酸、丙戊酸钠、双丙戊酸钠与丙戊酸镁中的一种。本发明提供的组合物能产能协同的降眼压作用,而且避免了助溶剂的使用,提高了药物的安全性。
Description
技术领域
发明涉及医药技术领域,特别涉及一种包含前列腺素衍生物的组合物以及包含该组合物的眼用液体制剂。
背景技术
青光眼是目前主要的致盲性眼病,致盲率高且不可逆转,已被世界卫生组织(WHO)列为第二大致盲性眼病。导致青光眼性视神经损害的重要病理因素正是高眼压,控制眼压是目前临床证实唯一有效的青光眼治疗手段。除了控制患者的高眼压外,近年来有些研究也证实,眼压波动是青光眼病情进展的重要因素之一。目前,市场上控制眼压的药物种类繁多,常用的根据其药理作用大致可分为:β肾上腺素能受体阻滞剂,如倍他洛尔、卡替洛尔等;α肾上腺素能受体激动剂,如溴莫尼定;肾上腺素能受体激动剂,如地匹福林;局部碳酸酐酶抑制剂,如布林佐胺等;前列腺素衍生物,如拉坦前列素、曲伏前列素等。其中,前列腺素衍生物以其不良反应少、降低眼压效果确切,而在我国运用日益广泛,在欧美国家则是治疗开角型青光眼的临床一线用药。
前列腺素衍生物类青光眼治疗药物在其制备与应用中存在诸多限制因素,其中之一就是大部分前列腺素衍生物均无水溶性,因此在其制备过程中需要进行助溶操作,或向溶液中加入以氢化蓖麻油为代表的助溶剂。通过协同作用提高前列腺素衍生物的降眼压效果,从而降低发挥其治疗效果所需要的浓度,进而降低助溶剂的使用的需求,是提高前列腺素衍生物在青光眼治疗中应用价值的一种途径。
丙戊酸钠是临床上常用的一种抗癫痫药物,其作用机制尚未阐明,可能是抑制γ-氨基丁酸转移酶,从而增加脑内抑制剂性神经递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)的浓度来达到抗癫痫的目的。Kimura A等人的研究发现,丙戊酸能阻止常压青光眼小鼠模型的视网膜病变(Neurosci Lett.2015;588:108–13);在此基础上,Mahalingam K等人以临床试验证实了丙戊酸在青光眼治疗中所具有的效益(Indian J Ophthalmol.2018Aug;66(8):1104-1108)。然而该项临床试验中丙戊酸系以口服的剂型供药用,而且单次口服剂量高于《新编药物学》所述丙戊酸钠治疗癫痫时的单次口服剂量,因此也会出现治疗癫痫时所出现的不良反应,包括胃肠道不良反应,极少数患者还会出现淋巴细胞增多、血小板减少、脱发、嗜睡、无力、共济失调等不良反应,甚至还会出现肝脏毒性,从而大大降低了丙戊酸口服用于治疗青光眼的风险-效益特征。
目前,现有技术中暂无前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸钠联合眼部给药,并实现协同降眼压的效果,从而降低前列腺素衍生物的治疗剂量,并降低丙戊酸钠全身不良反应的技术启示。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一在于提供一种包含前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种包含上述组合物的眼用液体制剂。
为了实现上述目的,本发明一方面提供了一种包含有前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物。
优选的,本发明所述的前列腺素衍生物是选自拉坦前列素、曲伏前列素、贝美前列素与他氟前列素、乌诺前列酮与latanoprostene bunod中的一种。
优选的,本发明所述的丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐是选自丙戊酸、丙戊酸钠(1:1)、双丙戊酸钠(2:1)、丙戊酸镁中的一种。
进一步优选的,本发明所述的组合物中的前列腺素衍生物是拉坦前列素,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(2~30)之间。
进一步优选的,本发明所述的组合物中的前列腺素衍生物是贝美前列素,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(1~10)之间。
进一步优选的,本发明所述的组合物中的前列腺素衍生物是曲伏前列素,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(5~25)之间。
进一步优选的,本发明所述的组合物中的前列腺素衍生物是他氟前列素,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(10~80)之间。
进一步优选的,本发明所述的组合物中的前列腺素衍生物是乌诺前列酮,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(0.1~1.0)之间。
进一步优选的,本发明所述的组合物中的前列腺素衍生物是latanoprostenebunod,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(0.4~5)之间。
本发明另一方面提供了一种包含如前所述组合物与药学上可接受的载体的眼用液体制剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明首次将前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐相组合后用于青光眼的治疗,所述组合能产生协同的降眼压作用。同时本发明所提供的眼用液体制剂产生协同降眼压作用时前列腺素衍生物的浓度远低于已上市产品中的浓度,避免了助溶剂的使用,从而提高了安全性特征
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明的具体实施方式,对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。显著,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于下文所披露的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下而获得的所有其他技术方案,都属于本发明保护的范围。
1.前列腺素衍生物
本发明提供了一种包含有前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物,其中所述的前列腺素衍生物是指与前列腺素具有相似结构,而且已上市或正处于上市前研发阶段用于治疗青光眼/眼高压的一类化合物,优选是拉坦前列素(latanoprost)、曲伏前列素(travoprost)、贝美前列素(bimatoprost)、他氟前列素(tafluprost)、乌诺前列酮(unoprostone)与latanoprostene bunod中的一种,均是国内外已经上市用于治疗青光眼的前列腺素衍生物,其化学结构式如下式所示。
从上式可以看出,本发明所述的前列腺素衍生物具有类似的结构。
2.丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐
本发明所述的丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐是指丙戊酸或丙戊酸通过本领域技术人员所熟知的方法制备得到的可用于药品中的金属盐,其中药学上可接受的盐优选丙戊酸、丙戊酸钠(1:1)、双丙戊酸钠(2:1)与丙戊酸镁中的一种,均具有相同的酸根、相同的作用机制与良好的水溶性。
3.前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸的组合的协同的降眼压作用
本发明以眼压正常的albino兔为对象,确证了所述的前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸以表1所示的摩尔比相组合后协同的降眼压作用。
表1前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸产生协同的降眼压效果的摩尔比
前列腺素衍生物 | 前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸的摩尔比 |
拉坦前列素 | 1:(2~30) |
贝美前列素 | 1:(1~10) |
曲伏前列素 | 1:(5~25) |
他氟前列素 | 1:(10~80) |
乌诺前列酮 | 1:(0.1~1.0) |
Latanoprostene bunod | 1:(0.4~5) |
3.1动物分组与给药
取126只雌性albino兔,随机分为42组,每组3只,各组药物均用0.5%盐酸普鲁卡因胺局部麻醉,再分别用表1所示的药物左眼结膜下注射一次,每次10μL。
3.1眼内压的测定与结果
各组动物均在注射给药之前连续3天内测定眼内压,每天两次,取其均值,即为基线眼内值;再于注射给药24小时后测定眼内压,结果如表2所示。
表2前列腺素衍生物对组合降眼压效果的影响
从表1可以看出,本发明所述的前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸在如前所述的摩尔比范围内能产生协同的降眼压作用。
4.丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐的种类对组合物降眼压效果的影响
本发明采用如前所述的方法测定了拉坦前列素(0.005mg/mL)与丙戊酸钠、双丙戊酸钠及丙戊酸镁分别以1:16的摩尔比(依丙戊酸根计)组合后的降眼压作用,结果如表3所示。
表3丙戊酸盐的种类对组合物降眼压效果的影响
从表3可以看出,丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐的种类对组合物的降眼压效果无显著的影响。5.眼用液体制剂
本发明进一步提供了含有上述组合物的眼用液体制剂。
5.1辅料
本发明所述的眼用液体制剂由所述组合物、眼用液体制剂辅料和水组成。其中,所述的眼用液体制剂辅料均为本领域普通技术人员所熟知的辅料,其种类与配比可参考但不限于高原等人主编、化学工业出版社出版的《滴眼剂的开发和生产》。具体的,本发明所述的眼用液体制剂辅料包括渗透压调节剂、pH调节剂与抑菌剂的组合。
5.1.1渗透压调节剂
加入渗透压调节剂的目的是为使眼用制剂与人体泪液等渗。本发明所述的渗透压调节剂是选自氯化钠、葡萄糖、硼酸、硼砂与甘油中的一种或多种的组合,其中,优选。
5.1.2pH调节剂
加入pH调节剂的目的是为保持眼用液体制剂的pH值保持在5.0~9.0之间。本发明所述的pH调节剂是选自磷酸盐缓冲液、硼酸盐缓冲液、硼酸缓冲液、吉斐缓冲液、醋酸钠、硼酸缓冲液、阿特金和潘汀缓冲液、斐尔德曼缓冲液中的一种或多种的组合。
除了如上所述的缓冲体系,本发明在部分实施例中才采用盐酸、硫酸、乳酸、碳酸氢钠或氢氧化钠溶液对眼用液体制剂的pH值进行调节。
5.1.3抑菌剂
加入抑菌剂的目的是为了抑制眼用液体制剂中的微生物生长与繁殖。本发明所述的抑菌剂是选自羟苯甲酯、羟苯乙酯、羟苯丙酯、羟苯丁酯、苯扎氯铵、苯扎溴铵、醋酸氯己定、三氯叔丁醇、苯乙醇、苯氧乙醇、硫柳汞、硝酸苯汞、氧氰化汞、山梨酸中的一种或多种的组合。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明所述的眼用液体制剂辅料还包括增黏剂。
加入增黏剂的目的是为了增加眼用液体制剂的黏度,从而减少因眨眼而损失的药液,延长药物组眼组织的接触时间,同时也可以减轻刺激作用。本发明所述的增黏剂是选自羧甲纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、聚维酮、聚乙二醇、黄原胶、泊洛沙姆、卡波姆、玻璃酸钠与甘油中的一种或多种的组合。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明所述的眼用液体制剂辅料还包括抗氧剂。
加入抗氧剂的目的是为了防止活性成分的氧化变质。本发明所述的抗氧剂是选自焦亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、亚硫酸钠、硫代硫酸钠、硫脲、维生素C、烟酸、维生素E、培酸丙酯、叔丁基对羟基茴香醚与二丁甲苯酚中的一种或多种的组合。
在优选的实施方案中,本发明所述的眼用液体制剂辅料还包括金属离子螯合剂。
加入金属离子螯合剂的目的是了避免金属离子对眼用液体制剂的质量的影响。本发明所述的金属离子螯合剂是依地酸二钠。
本发明所述的眼用液体制剂辅料的加入量可通过本领域普通技术人员所熟知的方法进行确认,本发明对此无特殊限定。
实施例1包含拉坦前列素与丙戊酸(1:16)的眼用液体制剂的制备
处方
制备方法
将处方量的拉坦前列素、丙戊酸、氯化钠、依地酸二钠、甘油与苯扎氯铵,混合溶于800mL注射用水中,加入剩余量的注射用水,灭菌,分装,即得。
实施例2包含贝美前列素与丙戊酸钠(1:6)的眼用液体制剂的制备
处方
制备方法
取处方量的曲伏前列素、丙戊酸钠、氯化钠、聚乙烯醇、苯扎氯胺与羧甲纤维素钠,混合溶于800mL注射用水中,再加入剩余的注射用水,灭菌,分装,即得。
实施例3包含曲伏前列素与双丙戊酸钠(1:15)的眼用液体制剂的制备
处方
制备方法
取处方量的曲伏前列素、双丙戊酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、氯化钠、甘油与羟苯乙酯,混合溶于800mL注射用水中,再加入剩余量的注射用水,灭菌,分装,即得。
实施例4包含他氟前列素与丙戊酸镁(1:45)的眼用液体制剂的制备
处方
制备方法
取处方量的他氟前列素、丙戊酸镁、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸二氢化、氯化钠、聚乙二醇与醋酸氯己定,混合后溶于800mL注射用水中,再加入剩余量的注射用水,灭菌,分装,即得。
实施例5包含乌诺前列酮与丙戊酸(1:1)的眼用液体制剂的制备
处方
制备方法
取处方量的乌诺前列酮、丙戊酸、碳酸氢钠、硫柳汞与氯化钠,混合后溶于800mL注射用水中,再加入剩余量的注射用水,灭菌分装,即得。
实施例6包含latanoprostene bunod与丙戊酸(1:3)的眼用液体制剂的制备
处方
制备方法
取处方量的latanoprostene bunod、丙戊酸、硼酸、硼砂与苯扎溴铵,混合后溶于800mL注射用水中,再加入剩余量的注射用水,灭菌分装,即得。
Claims (10)
1.一种包含前列腺素衍生物与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐的组合物。
2.根据权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的前列腺素衍生物是选自拉坦前列素、贝美前列素、曲伏前列素、他氟前列素、乌诺前列酮与latanoprostene bunod中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1的组合物,其特征在于,所述丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐是选自丙戊酸、丙戊酸钠、双丙戊酸钠、丙戊酸镁中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1~3任意一项的组合物,其特征在于,所述前列腺素衍生物是拉坦前列素,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(2~30)之间。
5.根据权利要求1~3任意一项的组合物,其特征在于,所述前列腺素衍生物是贝美前列素,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(1~10)之间。
6.根据权利要求1~3任意一项的组合物,其特征在于,所述前列腺素衍生物是曲伏前列素,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(5~25)之间。
7.根据权利要求1~3任意一项的组合物,其特征在于,所述前列腺素衍生物是他氟前列素,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(10~80)之间。
8.根据权利要求1~3任意一项的组合物,其特征在于,所述前列腺素衍生物是乌诺前列酮,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(0.1~1.0)之间。
9.根据权利要求1~3任意一项的组合物,其特征在于,所述前列腺素衍生物是latanoprostene bunod,而且其与丙戊酸或其药学上可接受的盐中的丙戊酸根优选的摩尔比在1:(0.4~5)之间。
10.包含根据权利要求1的组合物的眼用液体制剂。
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