CN109164582A - Head up display - Google Patents
Head up display Download PDFInfo
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- CN109164582A CN109164582A CN201811296612.4A CN201811296612A CN109164582A CN 109164582 A CN109164582 A CN 109164582A CN 201811296612 A CN201811296612 A CN 201811296612A CN 109164582 A CN109164582 A CN 109164582A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
- G02B2027/0183—Adaptation to parameters characterising the motion of the vehicle
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Geometry (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of head up display, it include: optical system, the optical system includes display screen and automatically controlled grating, the automatically controlled grating is located at the light emission side of the display screen, the automatically controlled grating includes: first substrate, the second substrate, first electrode, second electrode, fixed refraction medium, variable refractive index medium, the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, the first electrode is set on the first substrate, the second electrode is set on the second substrate, the fixed refraction medium is set between the second substrate between the first substrate and the second substrate and refractive index is fixed, the variable refractive index medium is set between the second substrate between the first substrate and the second substrate and refractive index automatically controlled can be adjusted.Head up display according to the present invention, structure is simple, at low cost, does not need mechanical organ and complicated optical element, can carry out imaging position, size and brightness regulation, good environmental adaptability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to head up display technical fields, more particularly, to a kind of head up display.
Background technique
Head up display (abbreviation of HUD, Head Up Display, be called head-up display), can be in driving process
Required information, is mapped on front windshield, and information can be seen clearly by making driver that need not bow.But in the related technology
The display effect of head up display is not ideal enough, and in the presence of structure is complicated, device is heavy, precision is inadequate, higher cost, is easy mill
Damage, the drawbacks such as service life is short.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.Therefore, the present invention intends to propose one
Kind of head up display, the structure of the head up display is simple, it is at low cost, imaging adjusting can be carried out.
Head up display according to the present invention, comprising: optical system, the optical system include display screen and automatically controlled light
Grid, the automatically controlled grating are located at the light emission side of the display screen, and the automatically controlled grating includes: first substrate, the second substrate, first
Electrode, second electrode, fixed refraction medium, variable refractive index medium, the first substrate and the second substrate are opposite to be set
It sets, the first electrode is set on the first substrate, and the second electrode is set on the second substrate, the fixed refraction
Rate medium is set between the second substrate between the first substrate and the second substrate and refractive index is fixed, and the variable refractive index medium is located at institute
It states between first substrate and the second substrate and refractive index automatically controlled can be adjusted.
Head up display according to the present invention, structure is simple, at low cost, does not need mechanical organ and complicated optics member
Part can carry out imaging position, size and brightness regulation, good environmental adaptability.
In some embodiments, head up display further include: detection system, the detection system and the optical system are logical
Letter, the detection system includes: at least one of human eye tracing module, ambient light detection module, Bus- Speed Monitoring module.
In some embodiments, head up display further include: projection screen, the projection screen are located at going out for the automatically controlled grating
Light side.
In some embodiments, head up display further include: pedestal, the optical system is set on the base, described
The bottom surface of pedestal has anti-skid structure part.
In some embodiments, the fixed refraction medium is fixed grating, and the variable refractive index medium is liquid crystal,
The first electrode is public electrode, and the second electrode is pixel electrode.
In some embodiments, the fixed refraction medium is polymer, and the variable refractive index medium is liquid crystal, institute
Stating first electrode is public electrode, and the second electrode is pixel electrode.
In some embodiments, the polymer are as follows: resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), one of them in siloxanes.
In some embodiments, the first substrate are as follows: glass, quartz, silicon carbide, one of them in PET, PI, and/
Or, the second substrate are as follows: glass, quartz, silicon carbide, one of them in PET, PI.
In some embodiments, the first electrode are as follows: ITO, nano silver, one of them in metal layer, and/or, institute
State second electrode be transparent electrode and are as follows: ITO, nano silver, one of them in metal layer.
In some embodiments, the display screen are as follows: LCD, LCOS, OLED, LED, wherein one in spatial light modulator
It is a.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the working principle diagram of head up display according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of automatically controlled grating according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of automatically controlled grating in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the design schematic diagram of automatically controlled grating according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the design schematic diagram of automatically controlled grating in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the pixel combination schematic diagram of automatically controlled grating according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the pixel combination schematic diagram of automatically controlled grating in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of head up display in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference:
Head up display 1000；Human eye 2000；Front windshield 3000；
Optical system 100；
Display screen 1；Automatically controlled grating 2；
First substrate 21；The second substrate 22；First electrode 23；Second electrode 24；
Fixed refraction medium 25；Variable refractive index medium 26；
Detection system 200；Human eye tracing module 3；Ambient light detection module 4；Bus- Speed Monitoring module 5；
Projection screen 300；
Pedestal 400；Anti-skid structure part 401.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Following disclosure provides many different embodiments or example is used to realize different structure of the invention.For letter
Change disclosure of the invention, hereinafter the component of specific examples and setting are described.Certainly, they are merely examples, and
It is not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, the present invention can in different examples repeat reference numerals and/or letter.It is this heavy
It is for purposes of simplicity and clarity, itself not indicate the relationship between discussed various embodiments and/or setting again.This
Outside, the present invention provides various specific techniques and material example, but those of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that
The applicable property of other techniques and/or the use of other materials.
Head up display (abbreviation of HUD, Head Up Display, be called head-up display), can be in driving process
Required information, is mapped on front windshield, and information can be seen clearly by making driver that need not bow.But to daytime and evening
On can be under the premise of not interfering normal line of sight, the image for showing head up display is easily come out by reading, non-
It is often difficult.Moreover, head up display in the related technology there are ghost problems and color it is more, driver's observation gets up to compare
Painstakingly, it needs to switch sight every now and then, influences driving safety.
In addition, the general 1m~2.5m of the image-forming range of head up display in the related technology, but consider the vision of human eye
Focus, imaging optimum distance is probably 18-20 meters, and from safety considerations, the image-forming range of head up display should reach 3m
~4m.There are some varifocal head-up-display systems in the related technology, is focused in a manner of mechanically operated, however, this
Kind mode is with structure is complicated, device is heavy, precision is inadequate, higher cost, be prone to wear, service life is short, display effect is poor
Etc. drawbacks.
In addition, there are also a kind of adjustable head up display in the related technology, imaging position is mechanically adjusted,
It is imaged on to overcome in some position, it is difficult to the problem of adapting to the different drivers to go over a manuscript or draft, however, this new line display dress
The structure set is also complex, heavy, the stability of imaging is difficult to ensure in the environment of thump, and service life is short,
Precision is low.
In the following, describing head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention referring to attached drawing 1- Fig. 8.
Specifically, head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention, can be external or built-in, and according to
The head up display 1000 of the embodiment of the present invention, can be applied to vehicle, aircraft, steamer etc. the vehicles, drive for assisting
It sails.
As shown in Figure 1, head up display 1000 may include optical system 100, optical system 100 may include: display
Screen 1 and automatically controlled grating 2, automatically controlled grating 2 are located at the light emission side of display screen 1, so that display screen 1 can be emitted towards automatically controlled grating 2
Light.In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, automatically controlled grating 2 may include: first substrate 21, the second substrate 22, first electrode 23, second electrode
24, fixed refraction medium 25, variable refractive index medium 26.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 are oppositely arranged (i.e. first substrate 21 and the second substrate
22 interval settings, such as first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 can be arranged in parallel or general parallel orientation setting), first electrode 23
(such as can be located on the side surface towards the second substrate 22 of first substrate 21), second electrode are located on first substrate 21
24 are located in the second substrate 22 (such as can be located on the side surface towards first substrate 21 of the second substrate 22).
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, fixed refraction medium 25 is located between first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 and refractive index
Fixed, variable refractive index medium 26 is located between first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 and refractive index automatically controlled can be adjusted.Namely
It says, when the energization situation of first electrode 23 and second electrode 24 changes, the refractive index of fixed refraction medium 25 does not change, can
The refraction index changing of medium of varying refractive index 26, to illustrate that the refractive index of variable refractive index medium 26 automatically controlled can be adjusted.
In this way, by the refractive index for adjusting above-mentioned variable refractive index medium 26, the adjustable light being emitted from display screen 1
The focal position for projecting human eye of line.More particularly, in the refractive index and fixed refraction of variable refractive index medium 26
When the refractive index of medium 25 is identical, automatically controlled grating 2 can not change the shooting angle of 1 emergent ray of display screen, but variable adjusting
The refractive index of index medium 26 keeps the refractive index of variable refractive index medium 26 different from the refractive index of fixed refraction medium 25
Afterwards, automatically controlled grating 2 can play the role of changing the shooting angle of 1 emergent ray of display screen, as a result, by adjusting variable refraction
The refractive index of rate medium 26 controls the difference of the refractive index of variable refractive index medium 26 and the refractive index of fixed refraction medium 25
Size can control the size of the shooting angle of 1 emergent ray of display screen, so as to adjust the light being emitted from display screen 1
The focal position for projecting human eye of line.
Head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention as a result, can at least realize following effect: (1) with driving
The differences such as member's height, the bodily form, sitting posture, change imaging position, the sight of driver are followed to provide the pattern of different focal positions；
(2) the unclear problem of imaging being able to solve under night and the interference of natural light on daytime；(3) structure of head up display 1000 it is simple,
It is ultra-thin, mechanical driving device and complicated optical element are not needed, there is stable performance and environmental suitability, is had obvious excellent
Gesture and broad application prospect.It is narrated later that said effect realizes that reason is detailed in.
As shown in Figure 1, head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention, passes through 100 catoptric imaging of optical system, light
System 100 may include display screen 1 and automatically controlled grating 2, and automatically controlled grating 2 is the liquid crystal grating for depending on display screen 1.It is specific and
Speech, the concrete type of automatically controlled grating 2 (liquid crystal grating that can be automatically controlled) is unlimited, as long as can be realized by automatically controlled mode
Optical path adjusting function, such as may is that plane grating, slope grating, 3 D grating, holographic grating, balzed grating, etc..This
Outside, automatically controlled grating 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention can have dot structure, so as to subregion, divide pixel modulation display
The display content of screen 1.
For example, the automatically controlled grating 2 of two kinds of specific embodiments according to the present invention is briefly described below.
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 2, fixed refraction medium 25 is fixed grating, variable refractive index medium 26 is that liquid crystal is (such as common
Nematic liquid crystal, blue phase liquid crystal etc.), first electrode 23 is public electrode (i.e. Com electrode), and second electrode 24 is pixel electrode.
For example, in some specific process first electrode 23 can be processed in the lower surface of first substrate 21, in the second substrate
22 upper surface processes second electrode 24, using photoetching technique, nanometer embossing, laser writing technology etc., in second electrode
The fixed grating that the rectangular step shapes of materials such as silicon nitride, inorganic matter, organic matter, resinae are processed on 24, then again first
Liquid crystal is poured between substrate 21 and the second substrate 22, it is hereby achieved that automatically controlled grating 2.As a result, according to embodiments of the present invention one
Automatically controlled grating 2 structure it is simple, be easily worked, be easy to control, is at low cost, long service life.
Electric field is formed by applying certain voltage in first electrode 23 and second electrode 24 as a result, i.e., in first electrode 23
After being powered with second electrode 24, electric field can be formed between first electrode 23 and second electrode 24, by adjusting first respectively
The voltage of electrode 23 and second electrode 24, adjustable electric field conditions, after electric field change, the structure and refractive index of fixed grating
It does not change, and the arragement direction of each small liquid crystal monomer will change in liquid crystal, so that the refraction of liquid crystal
Rate changes, and can thus play the role of adjusting liquid-crystal refractive-index, the so refractive index and fixation by changing liquid crystal
The difference of the refractive index of grating, so that it may change the whole emergent ray angle of automatically controlled grating 2, so that the focal position of human eye changes
Become, to control the imaging effect of optical system 100.
Here, it should be noted that the concept of " public electrode " and " pixel electrode ", composition and electric control principle are ability
It known to field technique personnel, is not described herein in detail, only briefly introduces.Specifically, each liquid crystal monomer is at " public electrode "
It deflects in the vertical electric field formed between " pixel electrode ", by the change of electric field, is averaged so that liquid crystal is whole
Refraction index changing, to have the function that adjust the refractive index of liquid crystal.In addition, it should be noted that, the folding of liquid crystal as described herein
Rate is penetrated, the mean refractive index of liquid crystal is referred both to.
Embodiment two
As shown in figure 3, fixed refraction medium 25 be polymer phase (such as resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), siloxanes etc., from
And polymer and liquid crystal it is with good stability, with liquid crystal it is immiscible), variable refractive index medium 26 be liquid crystalline phase (such as
Common nematic liquid crystal, blue phase liquid crystal etc.), first electrode 23 is public electrode (i.e. Com electrode), and second electrode 24 is pixel electricity
Pole.For example, in some specific process first electrode 23 can be processed in the lower surface of first substrate 21, second
The upper surface of substrate 22 processes second electrode 24, and polymer and liquid crystal are then poured into first substrate 21 and the second substrate 22 together
Between, it then exposed using interference, flood the technologies such as exposure, interval exposure is so that polymer is built up mobile and is polymerized to one one
A polymer phase spaced apart, at this point, the liquid crystal being clipped between two neighboring polymer phase constitutes liquid crystalline phase.This implementation as a result,
Example two is made by the way of polymer dispersed liquid crystals compared with above-described embodiment one, equally simple, easy with structure to add
Work is easy to control, is at low cost, beneficial effect with long service life.
Electric field is formed by applying certain voltage in first electrode 23 and second electrode 24 as a result, i.e., in first electrode 23
After being powered with second electrode 24, electric field can be formed between first electrode 23 and second electrode 24, by adjusting first respectively
The voltage of electrode 23 and second electrode 24, adjustable electric field conditions, after electric field change, the structure and refractive index of polymer phase
It does not change, and the arragement direction of each liquid crystal monomer will change in liquid crystalline phase, so that the folding of liquid crystalline phase
The rate of penetrating changes, and can thus play the role of adjusting liquid crystalline phase refractive index, the so refractive index by changing liquid crystalline phase
With the difference of the refractive index of polymer phase, so that it may change the whole emergent ray angle of automatically controlled grating 2, so that the focusing of human eye
Position change, to control the imaging effect of optical system 100.
In the following, briefly describing the adaptability Principles of Regulation of head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Specifically, the target that automatically controlled grating 2 designs is control diffraction time, diffraction efficiency is promoted, either image is aobvious
The regulation for showing position or image size, is inherently the control for automatically controlled grating 2 diffraction efficiency and light-emitting angle.
As shown in figure 4, illustrating the underlying parameter that automatically controlled grating 2 designs, wherein incident light zero level right side, diffraction time m
Be negative level, on the left of incident light zero level, diffraction time m be positive level, n1 is the refraction of incident optical medium (such as the second substrate 22)
Rate, n2 are the refractive index for being emitted optical medium (such as variable refractive index medium 26), and n3 is outgoing optical medium (such as fixed refraction medium
25) refractive index, 1 angle of incidence of light of θ, the 2 beam projecting angle θ, P are screen periods (the arrangement week of such as fixed refraction medium 25
Phase).
Fig. 5 illustrates the specific example that automatically controlled grating 2 designs, and the refractive index n1=1.5 of the second substrate 22 can be changed folding
The refractive index n2=1.25 of rate medium 26 is penetrated, the refractive index n3=2 of fixed refraction medium 25, screen periods P=391nm are accounted for
Empty ratio=50%, groove depth H=455nm, 3=20 ° of the inclination angle theta of fixed grating, angle of incidence of light θ 1=65 °.Experimental result shows,
When diffraction time m is T-1, beam projecting angle θ 2=-0.066 °, light extraction efficiency reaches 92.5%；When diffraction time m is R-2
When, beam projecting angle θ 2=65.2 °, light extraction efficiency reaches 0.17%；When diffraction time m is R-1, beam projecting angle θ 2=-
0.044 °, light extraction efficiency reaches 2.4%；When diffraction time m is R0, beam projecting angle θ 2=65 °, light extraction efficiency reaches
4.7%.It can be seen that 0 ° of 2 ≈ of beam projecting angle θ can realize that vertical the second substrate 22 goes out when diffraction time m is T-1
Light, and light extraction efficiency reaches 92.5%, the deflection of this light can regulate and control pixel light direction, and light efficiency is high, brightness
Loss is few.
Specifically, display screen 1 and automatically controlled grating 2 being bonded with closed seamless gap, or the reserved patch compared with small gap
It closes, so as to think the automatically controlled grating 2 of light vertical incidence of the outgoing of display screen 1, at this timeTherefore, in light
In the case that grid cycle P is fixed, diffraction time m is fixed, wavelength of light λ is fixed, the folding of variable refractive index medium 26 (i.e. liquid crystal)
The change for penetrating rate n2 determines the variation of beam projecting angle θ 2.
When in other words, for the control of shooting angle: 2 π/λ n1=2 π/λ ncsin θ 2+q2 π/P, (q=0, ± 1,
± 2 ...), wherein nc is variable refractive index medium 26 (i.e. liquid crystal) and the equivalent refractive index of the second substrate 22 (simple declaration principle
When, it can directly be averaged to the two, in actual product design, light direction θ 2 can be soft by the optical simulation of profession
Part carries out careful design).In general application scenarios, the light direction θ 2 of the pixel on display screen 1 on a certain position is often
Be it is fixed, the position by the pixel relative to reflecting projection screen curtain determines, i.e., the light direction θ 2 of display pattern is in above formula
Fixed, at this time by adjusting the period P of grating, it is (flat with panel in assigned direction that given color light (wavelength X) can be realized
The angle of face normal is θ 2) on outgoing.
Due to variable refractive index medium 26 (i.e. liquid crystal) refractive index n2 can by electric field controls, in ordinary refraction index no and
Variation between extraordinary ray refractive index ne (it can be with for no or ne, or fall between, preferentially select no).When liquid crystal 26
When refractive index and the equal refractive index of fixed grating 25, the effect of fixed grating 25 is blanked, and does not change the throwing of display screen 1 at this time
Penetrate content；And when the refractive index of the refractive index of liquid crystal 26 and fixed grating 25 is larger, the effect of fixed grating 25 is most bright
It is aobvious, the coupling efficiency highest that light is coupled out from ducting layer, when the refractive index of liquid crystal 26 is between both the above situation,
For other diffraction states.
Therefore, it (is applied on liquid crystal layer by adjusting by the way that the refractive index of electric field controls different location liquid crystal is different
Adjusting of the liquid crystal layer refractive index between no and ne can be realized in voltage), display figure can be amplified, be reduced, or
The upper and lower, left and right position for carrying out global pattern is mobile, to adapt to the practical feelings of variant environment and different observers
Condition (in other words, according to above-mentioned principle, the variations in refractive index of liquid crystal 26 can be controlled according to different position deflection of light demands,
Reach the corrective action to 1 emergent ray of display screen, to adjust the visual field size of head up display 1000, brightness, focus position
Set etc.).Head up display 1000 can pass through electric field controls liquid according to different driving habits and different application scene as a result,
Crystalline substance deflection (i.e. refraction index changing), and then reach adaptively adjustment effect.
In the following, briefly describing the high brightness effect realization principle of head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As Figure 6-Figure 7, a kind of optional pixel combination scheme is illustrated, is used to promote display brightness, makes to come back
The image that display 1000 is shown still is able to clearly read in strong light environment, has higher contrast, increases to read and relax
Adaptive.As shown in fig. 6, S1 is to be that same pixel (i.e. by adjusting automatically controlled grating 2, makes to show by neighbouring two pixel combinations
The emergent ray of two neighbouring pixel P1 converges on a projection imaging pixel P2 in display screen 1), S2 is that left and right is adjacent
Pixel combination is that same pixel (i.e. by adjusting automatically controlled grating 2, makes the outgoing for two pixel P1 that left and right is adjacent on display screen 1
Light converges on a projection imaging pixel P2), it is that the same pixel (passes through adjusting that S3, which is by adjacent four pixel combinations,
Automatically controlled grating 2 converges to the emergent ray of four pixel P1 adjacent on display screen 1 on one projection imaging pixel P2), S4
To be that the same pixel layout (i.e. by adjusting automatically controlled grating 2, makes six pictures adjacent on display screen 1 by six pixel combinations
The emergent ray of plain P1 converges on a projection imaging pixel P1).It should be noted that the program be only used for for example,
In actual use, according to varying environment striation part, head up display 1000 can use different pixel combination schemes.
Light direction is adjusted by automatically controlled grating 2, light directive property can be traveled to certain bits by the pixel after merging
It sets, and promotes display brightness.As shown in fig. 7, illustrating the display renderings of another pixel combination, nit (nit) is bright
The unit of degree, 1nit=1cd/m2, brightness refers to the physical quantity of (reflective) power of illuminator (refractive body) surface light emitting.Human eye
2000 from a direction light source, the light source area ratio of light intensity in this direction and 2000 institute's " seeing " of human eye it is fixed
Justice is the brightness of the light source unit, i.e. luminous intensity on unit projection area.Brightness is impression of the people to the intensity of light.Herein
Pixel combination principle is exactly utilized the light on several elemental areas, is focused on an elemental area, and light intensity is enhanced.
In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in figure 8, head up display 1000 can also include: detection system
200, detection system 200 is communicated with optical system 100, and detection system 200 may include: human eye tracing module 3, environment light detection
At least one of module 4, Bus- Speed Monitoring module 5.
For example, optical system 100 can be according to human eye tracing module when detection system 200 includes human eye tracing module 3
The signal of 3 feedbacks, understands the actual conditions (such as height, sitting posture of driver etc.) of current driver's, thereby executing relevant
Adjusting movement, realizes the adjusting of image focal length, picture position etc., and then efficiently reduces because driver is different or driver
Sitting posture change, and caused by defocus, blurred vision problem, improve the scope of application and driving safety.
For example, optical system 100 can be according to Bus- Speed Monitoring module when detection system 200 includes Bus- Speed Monitoring module 5
The signal of 5 feedbacks, understands current vehicle speed condition, thereby executing relevant adjusting movement, realizes image focal length, picture position etc.
Adjusting, and then efficiently reduce because the pilot's line of vision focuses caused by factors such as speed variation are mobile, avoid defocus and
Blurred vision problem improves driving safety.
For example, optical system 100 can be according to environment light detection when detection system 200 includes ambient light detection module 4
The signal that module 4 is fed back adjusts display brightness of image and visual field size, by above-mentioned pixel combination principle so as to not
In the case where changing display screen 1, projection brightness and visual field size are effectively promoted, enhances visibility under strong light to reach, and
In the case that environment allows, increase the visual field of driver as far as possible.
Certainly, the invention is not limited thereto, and head up display 1000 can not also include detection system 200, at this point it is possible to logical
The mode for being manually manually entered instruction is crossed, optical system 100 is driven to carry out corresponding regulation movement, to meet actual use need
It asks.
Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the light being emitted through automatically controlled grating 2 can be projected in the front windshield glass of the vehicles
On glass 3000, to make human eye 2000 read by reflection, it is for example real in other of the invention that however, it is not limited to this
It applies in example, as shown in figure 8, head up display 1000 can also include: projection screen 300, projection screen 300 is located at automatically controlled grating 2
Light emission side, at this point, the light being emitted through automatically controlled grating 2 can also be projected on projection screen 300, thus when using reflexive stronger
Material process projection screen 300 when, the clarity of imaging can be improved.However, it is desirable to explanation, when head up display 1000
When having projection screen 300, the emergent ray of automatically controlled grating 2 can also be made to be projected in front windshield by the adjusting to automatically controlled grating 2
On glass 3000, to meet different actual demands.
In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in figure 8, head up display 1000 can be external, at this point, coming back
Display 1000 may include pedestal 400, and optical system 100 is located on pedestal 400, and the bottom surface of pedestal 400 has anti-skid structure
Part 401 (such as corrugated surface, salient point surface, rubber pad etc., as long as can play the role of anti-skidding).One makes as a result,
Head up display 1000 facilitates pick-and-place, and two come so that the setting of head up display 1000 is stablized, to improve the stability of imaging.
And when head up display 1000 is built-in, whether there is or not pedestals 400.
In conclusion head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention, by using display screen 1 and automatically controlled grating 2
Laminated construction may be implemented to reach the self-regulating function of varying environment, different scenes, different drivers and driving habit
Adaptive effect, and can achieve and effect is highlighted, so that it is tired effectively to solve reading of the daytime under strong light environment
Difficult problem, it is practical.In addition, the structure of head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention is simple, optical element is flat
Change, the service life and impact resistance of head up display 1000 can be greatlyd improve.
More specifically, head up display 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention, it is not multiple in basic device structure
Miscellaneous mechanical organ and optical device, structure is simple, and stability is good, and precision is high, at low cost.It is other by design processing micro-nano
The automatically controlled grating 2 of Principles of Wave Optics adjusts image focal position according to driver position, simply and efficiently adjusts pixel
The direction of propagation (pixel scale adjust the light direction of propagation) of level light, thus adapt to the height of different drivers, the bodily form and
Sitting posture.According to environmental light brightness by light focusing, brightness pole is promoted by reduced projection visual field under the stronger environment of ambient light
It limits (i.e. above-mentioned pixel combination principle), to adjust pixel light intensity, adjust reflected image size, solves nothing under strong light environment
Method sees the problem of 1000 project content of head up display clearly.
In some embodiments of the invention, display screen 1 can be with are as follows: the LCD (contracting of Liquid Crystal Display
Write, liquid crystal display), LCOS (being the reflection-type new display that LCD and CMOS integrated circuit organically combine), OLED
(abbreviation of Organic Light Emitting Diode, Organic Electricity laser writer), LED (Light Emitting
The abbreviation of Diode, light emitting diode), at least one of spatial light modulator, it is however not limited to this.Facilitate acquisition as a result,
With processing and size is relatively thin, long service life, resistance to bumpiness are good.
In some embodiments of the invention, first substrate 21 is residuite, rigidity or flexible, such as can be with
Are as follows: glass, quartz, silicon carbide, PET (i.e. high temperature resistance polyester film), (abbreviation of PolyimideFilm, polyimides are thin by PI
Film) in one of them, it is however not limited to this.Facilitate acquisition and processing as a result, and size is relatively thin, long service life, resistance to top
Winnowing with a dustpan property is good, and will not interfere to emergent light, improves imaging integrity degree.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second substrate 22 is residuite, rigidity or flexible, such as can be with
Are as follows: glass, quartz, silicon carbide, PET (i.e. high temperature resistance polyester film), (abbreviation of PolyimideFilm, polyimides are thin by PI
Film) in one of them, it is however not limited to this.Facilitate acquisition and processing as a result, and size is relatively thin, long service life, resistance to top
Winnowing with a dustpan property is good, and will not interfere to emergent light, improves imaging integrity degree.
In some embodiments of the invention, first electrode 23 is transparent conductive material part, such as can be with are as follows: ITO, nanometer
Silver, one of them in metal layer (preferably tens nanometers of ultra-thin metal layers with junior), it is however not limited to this.Side as a result,
Just it obtains and processes and size is relatively thin, long service life, resistance to bumpiness are good, and emergent light will not be interfered, improve imaging
Integrity degree.
In some embodiments of the invention, second electrode 24 is transparent conductive material part, such as can be with are as follows: ITO, nanometer
Silver, one of them in metal layer (preferably tens nanometers of ultra-thin metal layers with junior), it is however not limited to this.Side as a result,
Just it obtains and processes and size is relatively thin, long service life, resistance to bumpiness are good, and emergent light will not be interfered, improve imaging
Integrity degree.
Here, it should be noted that without conflicting with each other, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Described in the features of different embodiments or examples and different embodiments or examples be combined.Wherein, in this theory
In the description of bright book, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specific example " or " some examples "
Deng description to mean that particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example are contained in of the invention
In at least one embodiment or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are necessarily directed to identical
Embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in any one or more embodiments
Or it can be combined in any suitable manner in example.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and cannot
It is interpreted as indication or suggestion relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define as a result, " the
One ", the feature of " second " can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the present invention,
The meaning of " plurality " is two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: not
A variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments in the case where being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective, this
The range of invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of head up display characterized by comprising
Optical system, the optical system include display screen and automatically controlled grating, and the automatically controlled grating is located at going out for the display screen
Light side, the automatically controlled grating include: first substrate, the second substrate, first electrode, second electrode, fixed refraction medium, can be changed
Index medium, the first substrate and the second substrate are oppositely arranged, and the first electrode is set on the first substrate,
The second electrode is set on the second substrate, and the fixed refraction medium is located at the first substrate and second base
Between plate and refractive index is fixed, and the variable refractive index medium sets between the second substrate between the first substrate and the second substrate and reflects
Rate automatically controlled can be adjusted.
2. head up display according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Detection system, the detection system are communicated with the optical system, and the detection system includes: human eye tracing module, ring
At least one of border light detection module, Bus- Speed Monitoring module.
3. head up display according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Projection screen, the projection screen are located at the light emission side of the automatically controlled grating.
4. head up display according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Pedestal, the optical system are set on the base, and the bottom surface of the pedestal has anti-skid structure part.
5. head up display according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixed refraction medium is fixed grating,
The variable refractive index medium is liquid crystal, and the first electrode is public electrode, and the second electrode is pixel electrode.
6. head up display according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixed refraction medium is polymer, institute
Stating variable refractive index medium is liquid crystal, and the first electrode is public electrode, and the second electrode is pixel electrode.
7. head up display according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the polymer are as follows: resin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE),
One of them in siloxanes.
8. head up display according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first substrate are as follows: glass, quartz, carbonization
One of them in silicon, PET, PI, and/or, the second substrate are as follows: glass, quartz, silicon carbide, wherein one in PET, PI
It is a.
9. head up display according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first electrode are as follows: ITO, nano silver, metal
One of them in layer, and/or, the second electrode be transparent electrode and are as follows: ITO, nano silver, wherein one in metal layer
It is a.
10. head up display according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the display screen are as follows: LCD, LCOS, OLED,
One of them in LED, spatial light modulator.
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| CN201811296612.4A CN109164582B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Head-up display |
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| CN111367079A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江零跑科技有限公司 | Head-up display system through curved surface screen reflection |
| CN113960801A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-21 | 业成科技（成都）有限公司 | Image generation unit and head-up display thereof |
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| CN109164582B (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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