CN109164396B - Real-time lithium iron phosphate battery life loss assessment method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real-time lithium iron phosphate battery life loss assessment method, which belongs to the field of power systems, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of carrying out a lithium iron phosphate battery cycle life experiment, determining the AH total amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery, determining the charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery in a certain period, determining the service life loss of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and the like. The method has the advantages of clear basic structure and high calculation speed, and meets the real-time requirement of the lithium iron phosphate battery life loss evaluation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of power systems, and particularly relates to a real-time lithium iron phosphate battery service life assessment method.
Background
Due to the inherent characteristics of natural resources, renewable resource power generation, represented by wind power and photovoltaic power generation, generally has random fluctuations and unpredictable characteristics. These two characteristics present a significant challenge to renewable resource power generation grid integration. The application of the energy storage technology can effectively relieve the random fluctuation and unpredictability of the renewable resource power generation, thereby realizing the large-scale grid connection of the renewable resource power generation and replacing part of conventional generator sets to bear certain basic load.
The energy storage technology comprises pumped storage, compressed air storage, various battery storage and the like. The battery energy storage is not influenced by terrain, climate and the like, does not need special equipment, and is more suitable for being applied to renewable resource power generation. Among various batteries, the lithium iron phosphate battery has the advantages of high power density, long cycle life, no memory and the like, has good thermal stability and chemical stability, and is particularly suitable for being applied to high-capacity and high-power energy storage occasions.
In renewable energy power generation consumption, smart grid planning design and optimization coordination control, quantitative energy storage life loss assessment is a key technology for considering energy storage life cost and performing reliability analysis. The loss of the service life of the lithium iron phosphate battery is related to factors such as charge and discharge rate, charge and discharge times, charge and discharge depth, ambient temperature, electrolyte concentration, high-frequency diffusion and the like, the establishment of a service life prediction model considering all the related factors is very difficult, and the calculation speed cannot meet the requirement of real-time evaluation of the service life of the battery.
Currently, the evaluation of the battery life based on a physicochemical aging model is the most complex and sophisticated method, but this model requires a large amount of data information, including detailed geometrical data (thickness and number of pores of the electrode), volume and concentration of the electrolyte, etc., which are easily available in the laboratory but are not available during normal use of the battery. Event-oriented aging models present difficult problems with event definition and classification. The invention provides a real-time lithium iron phosphate battery life loss assessment method based on the characteristic that the AH total amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery does not change along with the charging and discharging depth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a real-time lithium iron phosphate battery life loss assessment method, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) lithium iron phosphate battery cycle life experiment was performed
Randomly extracting 10 lithium iron phosphate battery samples with the same model, and respectively performing 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of DOD (depth of discharge) and 10-time DOD1-DoD10Corresponding CtF1-CtF10Cycle life 10 experiments; cycle life CtF is expressed in units of times, wherein CtF1-CtF10Respectively corresponding depth of discharge DoD of lithium iron phosphate battery sample1-DoD10The test value is closely related to the specification and the type of the lithium iron phosphate battery, so that the corresponding relation between the cycle life and the discharge depth of the lithium iron phosphate battery is obtainedIn the manufacturing method, a first step of a manufacturing process,
2) determining the AH total amount AHT of the lithium iron phosphate battery,
theoretical research and experiments show that the AHT of the lithium iron phosphate battery is kept unchanged under different discharge depths, so that the average value of the AHT under different discharge depths is used as the AHT of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and the unit is A.h; the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E isnomThe unit is A.h, which is the rated battery capacity; 1,2, …, 10; DoDiA depth of discharge of 10%. i; CtFiIs a DoDiThe corresponding cycle life in units of times;
the AH total amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery only needs to be calculated once, and if the specification model, the battery type and the like are not changed, the AH total amount can be adopted until the lithium iron phosphate battery is scrapped once the AH total amount is determined.
3) Determining the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery in a certain period
Starting from the beginning of putting lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical engineering application, determining the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate batteries in each period by taking 24h as a cycle period, wherein the specific contents are as follows:
(1) recording the State of Charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery every 1min, wherein the unit of the SoC is A.h, obtaining the SoC change curve of the lithium iron phosphate battery,
(2) judging the change trend of the state of charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and when the SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery is gradually increased, the lithium iron phosphate battery is in a charging state; when the state of charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery is gradually reduced, the lithium iron phosphate battery is in a discharging state; when the charge states SoC of the lithium iron phosphate batteries at adjacent moments are equal, the lithium iron phosphate batteries are in a standby state and are not charged or discharged; the sum of the increment of SoC in all the charging states is the charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the period and is recorded as SoC+(ii) a The sum of the SoC reduction in all discharge states is the lithium iron phosphate battery in the periodDischarge capacity of SoC-；
4) Determining the total charge and discharge of the lithium iron phosphate battery
Adding the charging amounts of the lithium iron phosphate batteries in all cycle periods from the beginning of putting the lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical engineering application to obtain the total charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate batteries, and recording the total charging amount as SoC+totalThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein K is the cycle number, K is 1,2, …, K; k is the number of cycle cycles until calculation; SoC (system on chip)+kThe charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the k-th cycle is shown.
Adding the discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate batteries in all cycle periods from the beginning of putting the lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical engineering application to obtain the total discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate batteries, and recording the total discharge capacity as SoC-totalThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein K is the cycle number, K is 1,2, …, K; k is the number of cycle cycles until calculation; SoC (system on chip)-kThe discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the kth cycle period;
5) determining the service life loss LoL of the lithium iron phosphate battery,
when the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery during initial operation is equal to the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery after the operation is finished, the total discharge capacity SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery-totalEqual to the total charge SoC+totalAnd the service life loss LoL of the lithium iron phosphate battery is as follows:
when the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery during initial operation is not equal to the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery after the operation is finishedTotal discharge capacity SoC of lithium iron phosphate battery-totalAnd total charging amount SoC+totalNot equal; considering the worst operation condition, the service life loss LoL of the lithium iron phosphate battery is as follows:
when LoL is 1, it indicates that the life of the lithium iron phosphate battery has been exhausted, and the lithium iron phosphate battery needs to be replaced at this time.
The AHT of the lithium iron phosphate battery only needs to be calculated once, if the specification model and the battery type of the lithium iron phosphate battery are not changed, the value can be adopted all the time until the lithium iron phosphate battery is scrapped once the value is determined.
The method for evaluating the service life loss of the lithium iron phosphate battery has the advantages that the change curve of the state of charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the whole cycle period is not required to be obtained at one time, the pretreatment on the SoC time sequence of the state of charge of the lithium iron phosphate battery is also not required, the service life loss of the lithium iron phosphate battery can be calculated on line according to each change of the SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and the real-time requirement of evaluating the service life loss of the lithium iron phosphate battery is met
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a 24h change curve of the state of charge of a lithium iron phosphate battery.
Fig. 2 is a calculation flow for determining the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery in a certain period.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a real-time lithium iron phosphate battery life loss evaluation method, which is further explained by combining the attached drawings and an embodiment.
The invention relates to a real-time evaluation of the service life loss of a lithium iron phosphate battery, which comprises the following steps:
1) lithium iron phosphate battery cycle life experiment was performed
Randomly extracting 10 lithium iron phosphate battery samples with the same model, and respectively taking 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of DOD (depth of discharge) for 10 timesDoD1-DoD10Corresponding CtF1-CtF10Cycle life 10 experiments; cycle life CtF is expressed in units of times, wherein CtF1-CtF10Respectively corresponding depth of discharge DoD of lithium iron phosphate battery sample1-DoD10The following test values are closely related to the specifications and types of the lithium iron phosphate battery, so that the corresponding relationship between the cycle life and the discharge depth of the lithium iron phosphate battery is obtained, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 relationship between cycle life and depth of discharge for lithium iron phosphate batteries
2) Determination of AH Total amount for lithium iron phosphate batteries (Amp waters Throughput, AHT)
Theoretical research and experiments show that the AHT of the lithium iron phosphate battery is kept unchanged under different discharge depths. Therefore, the average AHT value under different discharge depths is used as AH T of the lithium iron phosphate battery, the unit of AH T is A.h, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E isnomThe unit is A.h, which is the rated battery capacity; 1,2, …, 10; DoDiA depth of discharge of 10%. i; CtFiIs a DoDiCorresponding cycle life in units of time.
The AH total amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery only needs to be calculated once, and if the specification model, the battery type and the like are not changed, the AH total amount can be adopted until the lithium iron phosphate battery is scrapped once the AH total amount is determined.
3) Determining the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery in a certain period
Starting from the beginning of putting lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical engineering application, determining the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate batteries in each period by taking 24h as a cycle period, wherein the specific contents are as follows:
(1) recording the State of Charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery every 1min, wherein the unit of SoC is a · h, and obtaining the SoC change curve of the lithium iron phosphate battery as shown in fig. 1.
(2) Judging the change trend of the state of charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and when the SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery is gradually increased, the lithium iron phosphate battery is in a charging state; when the state of charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery is gradually reduced, the lithium iron phosphate battery is in a discharging state; when the charge states SoC of the lithium iron phosphate batteries at adjacent moments are equal, the lithium iron phosphate batteries are in a standby state and are not charged or discharged; the sum of the increment of SoC in all the charging states is the charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the period and is recorded as SoC+(ii) a The sum of the SoC reduction amount in all discharge states is the discharge amount SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the period: the specific calculation flow (as shown in fig. 2) is as follows: let SoCs＝SoC0The charging amount of the lithium battery is SoC +0, the discharge capacity SoC of the lithium battery -0; when the SoC isi>SoCi-1Time, SoC+＝SoCi-SoCi-1+SoC+(ii) a When the SoC isi<SoCi-1Time, SoC-＝SoCi-1-SoCi+SoC-(ii) a When the SoC isi＝SoCi-1When it is, it is not processed.
4) Determining the total charge and discharge of the lithium iron phosphate battery
Adding the charging amounts of the lithium iron phosphate batteries in all cycle periods from the beginning of putting the lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical engineering application to obtain the total charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate batteries, and recording the total charging amount as SoC+totalThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein K is the cycle number, K is 1,2, …, K; k is the number of cycle cycles until calculation; SoC (system on chip)+kThe charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the k-th cycle is shown.
Starting from the beginning of putting the lithium iron phosphate battery into practical engineering application, discharging the lithium iron phosphate battery in all cycle periodsAdding the quantities to obtain the total discharge quantity of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and recording the total discharge quantity as SoC-totalThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein K is the cycle number, K is 1,2, …, K; k is the number of cycle cycles until calculation; SoC (system on chip)-kThe discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the kth cycle.
5) Determining Loss of life of lithium iron phosphate battery (Loss of Lifetime, LoL)
When the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery during initial operation is equal to the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery after the operation is finished, the total discharge capacity SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery-totalEqual to the total charge SoC+totalAnd the service life loss LoL of the lithium iron phosphate battery is as follows:
when the SOC during the initial operation of the lithium iron phosphate battery is not equal to the SOC after the operation of the lithium iron phosphate battery is finished, the total discharge capacity SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery-totalAnd total charging amount SoC+totalUnequal, considering the worst operation condition, the service life loss LoL of the lithium iron phosphate battery is:
when LoL is 1, it indicates that the life of the lithium iron phosphate battery has been exhausted, and the lithium iron phosphate battery needs to be replaced at this time.
The lithium iron phosphate battery life loss evaluation method provided by the invention does not need to obtain the change curve of the state of charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the whole cycle period at one time, does not need to carry out pretreatment on the SoC time sequence of the state of charge of the lithium iron phosphate battery, can carry out online lithium iron phosphate battery life loss calculation according to each change of the SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and meets the real-time requirement of lithium iron phosphate battery life loss evaluation.
Claims (2)
1. A real-time lithium iron phosphate battery life loss assessment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) lithium iron phosphate battery cycle life experiment was performed
Randomly extracting 10 lithium iron phosphate battery samples with the same model, and respectively performing 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% of DOD (depth of discharge) and 10-time DOD1-DoD10Corresponding CtF1-CtF10Cycle life 10 experiments; cycle life CtF is expressed in units of times, wherein CtF1-CtF10Respectively corresponding depth of discharge DoD of lithium iron phosphate battery sample1-DoD10The test value is closely related to the specification and the type of the lithium iron phosphate battery, so that the corresponding relation between the cycle life and the discharge depth of the lithium iron phosphate battery is obtained;
2) determining AH total AHT for lithium iron phosphate batteries
Theoretical research and experiments show that the AHT of the lithium iron phosphate battery is kept unchanged under different discharge depths, so that the average value of the AHT under different discharge depths is used as the AHT of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and the unit is A.h; the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein E isnomThe unit is A.h, which is the rated battery capacity; 1,2, …, 10; DoDiA depth of discharge of 10%. i; CtFiIs a DoDiThe corresponding cycle life in units of times;
the AH total amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery only needs to be calculated once, and if the specification model and the battery type are not changed, the AH total amount can be adopted until the lithium iron phosphate battery is scrapped once the AH total amount is determined;
3) determining the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery in a certain period
Starting from the beginning of putting lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical engineering application, determining the charge and discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate batteries in each period by taking 24h as a cycle period, wherein the specific contents are as follows:
(1) recording the State of Charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery every 1min, wherein the unit of the SoC is A.h, and obtaining a change curve of the SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery;
(2) judging the change trend of the state of charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery, and when the SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery is gradually increased, the lithium iron phosphate battery is in a charging state; when the state of charge (SoC) of the lithium iron phosphate battery is gradually reduced, the lithium iron phosphate battery is in a discharging state; when the charge states SoC of the lithium iron phosphate batteries at adjacent moments are equal, the lithium iron phosphate batteries are in a standby state and are not charged or discharged; the sum of the increment of SoC in all the charging states is the charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the period and is recorded as SoC+(ii) a The sum of the SoC reduction amount of all discharge states is the discharge amount SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the period-；
4) Determining the total charge and discharge of the lithium iron phosphate battery
Adding the charging amounts of the lithium iron phosphate batteries in all cycle periods from the beginning of putting the lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical engineering application to obtain the total charging amount of the lithium iron phosphate batteries, and recording the total charging amount as SoC+totalThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein K is the cycle number, K is 1,2, …, K; k is the number of cycle cycles until calculation; SoC (system on chip)+kThe charging quantity of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the kth cycle period is obtained;
adding the discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate batteries in all cycle periods from the beginning of putting the lithium iron phosphate batteries into practical engineering application to obtain the total discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate batteries, and recording the total discharge capacity as SoC-totalThe calculation formula is as follows:
wherein K is the cycle number, K is 1,2, …, K; k is the number of cycle cycles until calculation; SoC (system on chip)-kThe discharge capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery in the kth cycle period;
5) determining loss of life LoL of lithium iron phosphate battery
When the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery during initial operation is equal to the SOC of the lithium iron phosphate battery after the operation is finished, the total discharge capacity SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery-totalEqual to the total charge SoC+totalAnd the service life loss LoL of the lithium iron phosphate battery is as follows:
when the SOC during the initial operation of the lithium iron phosphate battery is not equal to the SOC after the operation of the lithium iron phosphate battery is finished, the total discharge capacity SoC of the lithium iron phosphate battery-totalAnd total charging amount SoC+totalNot equal; considering the worst operation condition, the service life loss LoL of the lithium iron phosphate battery is as follows:
when LoL is 1, it indicates that the life of the lithium iron phosphate battery has been exhausted, and the lithium iron phosphate battery needs to be replaced at this time.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the AHT of the lithium iron phosphate battery is calculated only once, and if the specification and the type of the lithium iron phosphate battery are not changed, the value can be adopted until the lithium iron phosphate battery is scrapped once the value is determined.
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