CN109164054B - Carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device - Google Patents
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- CN109164054B CN109164054B CN201811190915.8A CN201811190915A CN109164054B CN 109164054 B CN109164054 B CN 109164054B CN 201811190915 A CN201811190915 A CN 201811190915A CN 109164054 B CN109164054 B CN 109164054B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device, which comprises a light splitting and energy detection unit and a CO (carbon dioxide) detector2Gas absorption cell, light path deflection structure, gas cell temperature control system, gas cell pressure detection system, vacuum pumping system and CO2The inflation system can be used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the absorption tank according to the requirement of laser radar on high-precision detection of the concentration of carbon dioxide2The concentration and the pressure are precisely controlled and measured, and the satellite-borne CO is realized on the ground2The simulation of the concentration measurement integral path is completed, so that the CO of the satellite-borne laser radar system in the laboratory environment is completed2And (5) calibrating the concentration measurement precision. Detecting satellite-borne lidar CO in a laboratory environment2And (3) concentration detection sensitivity. Through the adjustment and measurement of various parameters in the absorption cell, the performance test and calibration work of the laser radar system can be more effectively completed in a laboratory.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of atmospheric laser radars, in particular to a satellite-borne laser radar which hopes to achieve high-precision CO measurement2In the case of concentration, the satellite-borne laser radar CO needs to be subjected to the laboratory environment2The accuracy and sensitivity of the column concentration measurements are calibrated.
Background
With the increasing significance of global warming hazards, research into greenhouse gases is becoming more and more important. CO22As a major greenhouse gas, CO to the atmosphere2Monitoring of concentration is of widespread interest. Integrated Path Differential Absorption (IPDA) lidar utilizing hard target reflection or scattering to achieve atmospheric CO from space2High accuracy detection of column concentration.The measurement principle of the integral path differential absorption radar is that gas concentration information is obtained by using differential signals through different absorption of gas in the integral path to different wavelengths of light. Before the laser radar is subjected to satellite-borne operation, the laser radar needs to be subjected to CO treatment in a ground laboratory environment2The accuracy and sensitivity of the column concentration measurements are calibrated. When carrying out the outfield test, carbon dioxide concentration receives the interference of human activity and air current easily, leads to carbon dioxide concentration maldistribution, can't carry out accurate verification to laser radar measurement accuracy, and the spaceborne laser radar system is high to operational environment cleanliness factor requirement simultaneously, can not expose in the atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to verify the CO measurement of the laser radar by using a special calibration device in a laboratory2Concentration accuracy and sensitivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device which can simulate the differential optical thickness of a satellite-borne laser integration path under the laboratory condition to measure CO for a laser radar2The concentration precision is calibrated, convenience is provided for calibration experiments, and the experimental results can provide a unified laboratory calibration measurement standard.
The basic principle of the invention is to calculate the corresponding satellite-borne laser radar CO based on IPDA technology2Pure CO required for differential optical thickness2Concentration and required integrated path length. By using CO2High-precision control of CO in absorption tank by gas charging and discharging equipment and temperature control system2Pressure and temperature to obtain CO in the same condition as that of the satellite-borne platform2Differential optical thickness absorption to simulate on-board CO2Column concentration. After light emitted by the laser passes through the system, an echo signal which is the same as the satellite-borne situation is obtained, and the simulated satellite-borne CO is2The column concentration is known, thus quantitatively changing the CO in the cell2The gas concentration can be used for calibrating the detection precision and sensitivity of the laser radar.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
the carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device is characterized by comprising a light splitting and energy detection unit and a first CO2A gas absorption tank is arranged in the gas absorption tank,light path deflecting structure and secondary CO2A gas absorption cell;
said first CO2The gas absorption cell passes through the light path deflection structure and the second CO2The gas absorption tanks are connected to form a sealed absorption tank whole body;
the light splitting and energy detecting unit is positioned in the first CO2In front of an optical window of the gas absorption cell, part of energy of laser radar emitted light is divided to be detected and attenuated, and the rest energy enters first CO2A gas absorption cell;
the optical path deflecting structure is used for adjusting the optical path length and adjusting the first CO2A gas absorption cell (2) and a second CO2The distance between the gas absorption cells is used for ensuring that the emergent light energy of the light splitting and energy detecting unit enters the first CO2A gas absorption cell, and a second CO2The emergent light energy of the gas absorption cell is received by a laser radar receiving system;
in the first CO2Gas absorption cell or secondary CO2The outer wall of the gas absorption tank is provided with a gas tank temperature control system, a gas tank pressure detection system, a vacuum-pumping system and CO2An inflation system, a gas pool temperature control system for controlling the temperature of the gas in the whole absorption pool, a gas pool pressure detection system, a vacuum-pumping system and CO2CO formation of an aeration System2A gas charging and discharging total system for vacuumizing the whole interior of the absorption tank and CO2And (5) controlling air pressure.
And further comprises CO2Absorption spectroscopy system and reflector for CO2In-tank CO before concentration measurement calibration experiment2Measuring an absorption spectrum;
CO2in absorption spectrum measurement experiment, CO2The absorption spectrum measuring system emits adjustable frequency light which passes through the second CO2Gas absorption cell, light path deflection structure and first CO2After the gas absorption cell is reflected by the reflector, the gas passes through the first CO in sequence2Gas absorption cell, light path deflection structure and secondary CO2Returning to CO from original path after gas absorption tank2Absorption spectrum measuring system。
The light splitting and energy detecting unit comprises a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a spectroscope, a first attenuation sheet, a first energy detector and a second attenuation sheet;
the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror are used for reflecting and translating the laser radar emitted light; the second reflector is used for adjusting the horizontal position of the emitted light to make it enter the first CO2A gas absorption cell optical window;
incident light is reflected by the first reflecting mirror and then enters the second reflecting mirror, reflected by the second reflecting mirror and then enters the spectroscope, the incident light is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by the spectroscope, the reflected light enters the first energy detector after passing through the first attenuation sheet, and the transmitted light enters the first CO after passing through the second attenuation sheet2And a gas absorption cell.
The light path turning structure comprises a reflector I and a reflector II, and the reflector I and the reflector II are used for turning the light path.
Said CO2The absorption spectrum measuring system comprises a frequency-adjustable light source, a light source frequency sweeping controller, a collimating mirror, a polarization beam splitter prism, a quarter wave plate and a second energy detector;
the frequency-adjustable light source is positioned at the focus of the collimating mirror, the light source frequency sweeping controller is connected with the frequency-adjustable light source and is used for adjusting the frequency of light emitted by the frequency-adjustable light source, the emitted light is expanded into parallel light through the collimating mirror, and the transmitted light passing through the polarization beam splitter prism enters the second CO after passing through the quarter-wave plate2A gas absorption cell;
the first CO2The emergent light of the gas absorption cell is reflected by the reflector and then passes through the first CO in sequence2The gas absorption cell and the light path deflection structure are incident to the second CO2A gas absorption cell passing through the second CO2And the emergent light of the gas absorption cell is transmitted by the quarter-wave plate, reflected by the polarization beam splitter prism and enters the second energy detector.
Carrying out CO2CO in concentration measurement calibration experiment2The absorption spectroscopy measurement system reflector is not operational. Carrying out CO2During absorption spectrum measurement, the laser radar does not work.
The beam splitting and energy detecting unit is adopted to split the laser radar emitted light, a part of the light is utilized to detect the energy, and the horizontal position of the emitted light can be adjusted at the same time, so that the laser radar emitted light enters the first CO2And a gas absorption cell.
First CO2Gas absorption cell, light path deflection structure and secondary CO2The gas absorption cell forms a double absorption cell structure, so that light emitted by the laser radar laser can be received by the receiving system after passing through the absorption cell. Light is transmitted in a single direction in the double-absorption cell structure, so that errors caused by mutual interference of light reflected back and forth in the absorption cells are avoided.
Gas pool temperature control system, gas pool air pressure detection system, vacuum pumping system and CO2The inflation system can accurately control and measure the first CO2Gas absorption cell, light path deflection structure and secondary CO2Temperature and charged CO in the whole absorption tank consisting of gas absorption tanks2And (4) air pressure, so that the carbon dioxide absorption optical thickness of the whole atmospheric altitude layer under the equivalent condition of the satellite-borne platform can be accurately simulated. By changing the air pressure and temperature parameters in the absorption tank, equivalent simulation of satellite-borne CO is achieved2Requirement for optical thickness change, measurement of CO for lidar systems2And calibrating the concentration precision.
Measuring CO in a calibrated lidar system2Before the concentration accuracy, CO is used2Absorption spectroscopy measurement system and reflector pair cell CO2The absorption spectrum is measured for later correction of absorption line parameters associated with optical thickness calculations.
Lidar CO Using 1572nm light2When the concentration is calibrated, the first CO is2Gas absorption cell and secondary CO2The gas absorption cells are all 7.5m, and the caliber is more than 250 mm. First CO2Gas absorption cell, light path deflection structure and secondary CO2The whole absorption pool formed by the gas absorption pool can be vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is better than 1x10-3Pa。
The pressure measurement of the gas cell pressure detection system is accurateDegree of over 1mbar, CO2The pressure control precision of the inflation system is higher than 2 mbar.
The temperature control range of the gas pool temperature control system is 20-40 ℃, and the temperature control precision is better than 1 ℃. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the calibration experiment of the laser radar system measurement accuracy can be completed in a laboratory, the calibration experiment is not interfered by human activities and air flow, and various uncertain factors and environmental pollution of an external field test are avoided. The device is not restricted by experimental sites, and time and materials consumed by the requirements of the experimental sites and the environment can be saved.
2 can be in the laboratory according to the independent high accuracy control absorption pond temperature and carbon dioxide concentration and pressure of demand, the simple convenient operation of step, the controllability is strong.
3 the parameters of all the parts of the device can form a unified CO2The concentration detection standard has repeatability, and provides a better application environment for detection and performance evaluation of the laser radar.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of a carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-light splitting and energy detecting unit, 2-first CO2A gas absorption cell, a 3-light path turning adjusting mechanism, a 4-second CO2 gas absorption cell, a 5-gas cell temperature control system, a 6-gas cell pressure detection system, a 7-vacuum pumping system, and an 8-CO2Inflation system, 9-CO2Absorption spectroscopy measurement system, 10-reflector.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the internal structure of the light splitting and energy detecting unit.
In the figure: 1-first reflecting mirror, 1-2-second reflecting mirror, 1-3-spectroscope, 1-4-first attenuation sheet, 1-5-first energy detector and 1-6-second attenuation sheet.
FIG. 3 is CO2And the internal structure block diagram of the absorption spectrum measurement system.
In the figure: 9-1-frequency-adjustable light source, 9-2-light source frequency sweep controller, 9-3-collimating mirror, 9-4-polarization beam splitting prism, 9-5-quarter wave plate, 9-6-second energy detector.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the scope of the present invention should not be limited thereto. Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a calibration apparatus for measuring carbon dioxide concentration according to the present invention, which includes a light splitting and energy detecting unit, a first CO2A gas absorption cell, a light path deflecting structure, and a second CO2Gas absorption cell, gas cell temperature control system, gas cell pressure detection system, vacuum pumping system, CO2Inflation system, CO2Absorption spectroscopy measurement system, reflector. The positional relationship of the above components is as follows:
the light splitting and energy detecting unit is positioned in the first CO2In front of an optical window of the gas absorption cell, part of energy of laser radar emitted light is divided to be detected and attenuated, and the rest energy enters first CO2And a gas absorption cell. Said first CO2The gas absorption cell passes through the light path deflection structure and the second CO2The gas absorption tanks are connected to form a sealed absorption tank whole. The optical path deflecting structure is used for adjusting the optical path length and adjusting the first CO2Gas absorption cell and secondary CO2The distance between the gas absorption cells is used for ensuring that the emergent light energy of the light splitting and energy detecting unit enters the first CO2A gas absorption cell, and a second CO2The emergent light energy of the gas absorption cell is received by a laser radar receiving system. The gas pool temperature control system, the gas pool pressure detection system, the vacuum pumping system and the CO2The gas charging system is arranged in the second CO2The outer wall of the gas absorption pool. The gas pool temperature control system controls the temperature of the gas in the whole absorption pool. Gas cell pressure detection system, evacuation system, and CO2CO formation of an aeration System2A gas charging and discharging total system for vacuumizing the whole interior of the absorption tank and CO2And (5) controlling air pressure. Carrying out CO2CO in concentration measurement calibration experiment2The absorption spectroscopy measurement system reflector is not operational. Said CO2Light absorptionSpectrum measuring system and reflector for CO2In-tank CO before concentration measurement calibration experiment2And (4) measuring an absorption spectrum. CO22In absorption spectrum measurement experiment, CO2The absorption spectrum measuring system emits adjustable frequency light which passes through the second CO2Gas absorption cell, light path deflection structure and first CO2After the gas absorption cell, the light is reflected by the reflector and returns to CO2An absorption spectrum measuring system. Carrying out CO2During absorption spectrum measurement, the laser radar does not work.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of an internal structure of the light splitting and energy detecting unit, which includes a first reflecting mirror, a second reflecting mirror, a beam splitter, a first attenuator, a first energy detector, and a second attenuator. The positional relationship of the above components is as follows: a first mirror and a second mirror for reflecting and translating the lidar emitted light. The second reflector is used for adjusting the horizontal position of the emitted light to make it enter the first CO2A gas absorption cell optical window. After passing through the position adjusted by the second reflecting mirror, the emitted light is divided into two paths by the spectroscope, wherein the reflected light enters the first energy detector after passing through the first attenuation sheet, and the transmitted light enters the first CO after passing through the second attenuation sheet2And a gas absorption cell.
FIG. 3 is CO2Internal block diagram of absorption spectroscopy measurement system, CO2The absorption spectrum measuring system comprises a frequency-adjustable light source, a light source frequency sweeping controller, a collimating mirror, a polarization beam splitting prism, a quarter-wave plate and a second energy detector. The positional relationship of the above components is as follows: the frequency-adjustable light source is positioned at the focus of the collimating mirror, and the emitted light is expanded into parallel light through the collimating mirror. The light source frequency sweeping controller is connected with the frequency-adjustable light source and used for adjusting the frequency of the light emitted by the frequency-adjustable light source. The parallel light after the beam expansion of the collimating mirror enters the second CO after passing through the polarization beam splitter prism and the quarter-wave plate2And a gas absorption cell. First CO2The emergent light of the gas absorption cell is reflected by the reflector and reenters the absorption cell. Second CO2Emergent light of the gas absorption cell is reflected by the polarization beam splitter prism after passing through the quarter-wave plate again, and enters the second energy detector.
Lidar CO Using 1572nm light2When the concentration is calibrated, the first CO is2Gas absorption cell and first CO2The gas absorption cells are all 7.5m, and the caliber is more than 250 mm. First CO2Gas absorption cell, light path deflection structure and secondary CO2The whole absorption pool formed by the gas absorption pool can be vacuumized, and the vacuum degree is better than 1x10-3Pa。
The pressure measurement precision of the gas cell pressure detection system is better than 1mbar and CO2The pressure control precision of the inflation system is higher than 2 mbar.
The temperature control range of the gas pool temperature control system is 20-40 ℃, and the temperature control precision is better than 1 ℃.
The carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration device completes the calibration experiment of the integral path differential absorption laser radar, and comprises the following specific operation steps:
1. the measurement principle of the IPDA technique and the definition of the differential optical thickness can be combined:
wherein DAOD is the carbon dioxide differential optical thickness, Nco2(r) is the number concentration of carbon dioxide molecules at a distance r, and Δ σ is the differential absorption cross section of carbon dioxide at the distance r. Therefore, the length and temperature of the absorption cell and the CO filled in the absorption cell can be calculated according to the calibration requirement and the corresponding wavelength of the measured light2Concentration (CO)2Air pressure) to simulate the optical thickness of the on-board lidar measurements.
2. Gas cell pressure detection system, vacuum pumping system and CO2Inflation system for first CO2Absorption cell and secondary CO2CO pumped into the absorption tank after being vacuumized2Gas, make CO in the whole absorption cell2The concentration (pressure) reaches a predetermined value.
3. And controlling the temperature of the absorption pool to reach a preset value by using a gas pool temperature control system.
4. Using CO2Emission tunable frequency of absorption spectrum measuring systemLight, after passing through the absorption cell and the reflector, returns to CO2An absorption spectrum measuring system. By using CO2The second energy detector in the absorption spectrum measurement system receives the echo power energy to invert CO in the whole absorption pool2Absorption spectrum.
5. When a carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration experiment is formally carried out, a laser of a laser radar system emits laser, the laser beam is divided into two beams through a light splitting and energy detection unit, one beam is emitted into a first energy detector for energy monitoring, and the power obtained through monitoring is recorded as PonmAnd PoffmThe other beam of light is injected into the first CO2And (4) an absorption tank.
6. Into the first CO2The light of the absorption cell passes through the light turning adjusting mechanism and enters the second large-caliber CO2The emergent light is received by the integrating path differential absorption laser radar receiving system, and the received echo power is recorded as PonAnd Poff. The first CO is connected with the light turning adjusting mechanism2Absorption cell and secondary CO2The absorption cell enables the light energy emitted by the laser radar laser to be received by the receiving system, and paths of the light which goes back and forth are different, so that mutual interference influence is avoided.
7. The laser radar system finishes measuring one CO2After the concentration result, the gas is detected by a gas cell pressure detection system, a vacuum-pumping system and CO2Inflation system for changing CO in carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration device2And (4) changing the concentration to meet the precision requirement of calibration.
8. Using CO2CO in measuring pool of absorption spectrum measuring system2Absorption spectrum.
9. The laser of the laser radar system emits laser again to measure CO in the absorption pool2And the energy monitoring signal after the concentration is changed and a system echo signal are received.
10. And comparing the results of the two measurements of the laser radar system, and judging whether the laser radar system reaches the calibration precision.
Claims (6)
1. A carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device is characterized by comprising light splitting and energyDetection unit (1), first CO2A gas absorption cell (2), a light path deflection structure (3) and a second CO2A gas absorption cell (4);
said first CO2The gas absorption cell (2) is connected with the second CO through the light path deflection structure (3)2The gas absorption tanks (4) are connected to form a sealed absorption tank whole body;
the light splitting and energy detecting unit (1) is positioned at the first CO2In front of an optical window of the gas absorption cell (2), part of energy of laser radar emitted light is divided to be attenuated and detected, and the rest energy enters first CO2A gas absorption cell (2);
the optical path deflecting structure (3) is used for adjusting the optical path length and adjusting the first CO2A gas absorption cell (2) and a second CO2The distance between the gas absorption cells (4) is used for ensuring that the emergent light energy of the light splitting and energy detecting unit (1) enters the first CO2A gas absorption cell (2), and a second CO2The emergent light energy of the gas absorption cell (4) is received by a laser radar receiving system;
in the first CO2Gas absorption cell (2) or secondary CO2The outer wall of the gas absorption tank (4) is provided with a gas tank temperature control system (5), a gas tank pressure detection system (6), a vacuum-pumping system (7) and CO2An inflation system (8), a gas pool temperature control system (5) controls the temperature of the gas in the whole absorption pool, a gas pool pressure detection system (6), a vacuum pumping system (7) and CO2The charging system (8) forms CO2A gas charging and discharging total system for vacuumizing the whole interior of the absorption tank and CO2Controlling air pressure;
the gas pool temperature control system (5), the gas pool pressure detection system (6), the vacuum pumping system (7) and the CO2An aeration system (8) controls and measures the gas temperature and the CO charge in the whole absorption cell2Air pressure, thereby simulating CO of the whole atmospheric altitude layer under the equivalent condition of a satellite-borne platform2Absorbing optical thickness, and achieving equivalent simulation of satellite-borne CO by changing air pressure and temperature parameters in the whole absorption cell2Requirement for optical thickness change, measurement of CO for lidar systems2And calibrating the concentration precision.
2. The carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device according to claim 1, further comprising CO2Absorption spectroscopy measurement system (9) and reflector (10) for CO2In-tank CO before concentration measurement calibration experiment2Measuring an absorption spectrum;
CO2in absorption spectrum measurement experiment, CO2The absorption spectrum measuring system (9) emits frequency-adjustable light which passes through the second CO2A gas absorption cell (4), a light path deflection structure (3) and a first CO2After the gas absorption cell (2) is reflected by the reflector (10), the gas passes through the first CO in sequence2A gas absorption cell (2), a light path deflection structure (3) and a second CO2Returning to CO from the original path after the gas absorption tank (4)2An absorption spectrum measuring system (9).
3. The carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light splitting and energy detecting unit (1) comprises a first reflecting mirror (1-1), a second reflecting mirror (1-2), a spectroscope (1-3), a first attenuation sheet (1-4), a first energy detector (1-5), and a second attenuation sheet (1-6);
the first reflector (1-1) and the second reflector (1-2) are used for reflecting and translating the laser radar emitted light; the second mirror (1-2) is used to adjust the horizontal position of the emitted light so that it can enter the first CO2An optical window of the gas absorption cell (2);
incident light is reflected by the first reflecting mirror (1-1), then enters the second reflecting mirror (1-2), is reflected by the second reflecting mirror (1-2), then enters the spectroscope (1-3), is divided into reflected light and transmitted light by the spectroscope (1-3), the reflected light enters the first energy detector (1-5) after passing through the first attenuation sheet (1-4), and the transmitted light enters the first CO after passing through the second attenuation sheet (1-6)2A gas absorption cell (2).
4. The carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the light path folding structure (3) comprises a mirror I and a mirror II, and the mirror I and the mirror II are used for folding the light path.
5. The carbon dioxide concentration measurement calibration system device according to claim 2, wherein said CO is selected from the group consisting of2The absorption spectrum measurement system (9) comprises a frequency-adjustable light source (9-1), a light source frequency sweep controller (9-2), a collimating mirror (9-3), a polarization beam splitter prism (9-4), a quarter wave plate (9-5) and a second energy detector (9-6);
the frequency-adjustable light source (9-1) is positioned at the focus of the collimating mirror (9-3), the light source frequency sweeping controller (9-2) is connected with the frequency-adjustable light source (9-1) and is used for adjusting the frequency of light emitted by the frequency-adjustable light source (9-1), the emitted light is expanded into parallel light through the collimating mirror (9-3), and transmitted light passing through the polarization beam splitter prism (9-4) enters the second CO after passing through the quarter wave plate (9-5)2A gas absorption cell (4);
the first CO2The emergent light of the gas absorption cell (2) is reflected by the reflector (10) and then passes through the first CO in sequence2The gas absorption cell (2) and the light path deflection structure (3) are incident to the second CO2A gas absorption cell (4) through which the second CO passes2The emergent light of the gas absorption cell (4) is transmitted by the quarter-wave plate (9-5), reflected by the polarization beam splitter prism (9-4) and enters the second energy detector (9-6).
6. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the CO is measured in a calibrated lidar system2Before the concentration precision, the CO is utilized2Absorption spectrum measurement system (9) and reflector (10) for CO in absorption cell2The absorption spectrum is measured for later correction of absorption line parameters associated with optical thickness calculations.
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