CN109164034A - A kind of wheat seed quality detection device and its detection method - Google Patents

A kind of wheat seed quality detection device and its detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109164034A
CN109164034A CN201810989304.3A CN201810989304A CN109164034A CN 109164034 A CN109164034 A CN 109164034A CN 201810989304 A CN201810989304 A CN 201810989304A CN 109164034 A CN109164034 A CN 109164034A
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seed
output pipe
shell
grain
ring
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CN109164034B (en
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贺智涛
陈幸
李倩文
苑严伟
金鑫
邱兆美
陈凯康
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/10Investigating individual particles
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0098Plants or trees
    • G01N2015/1024

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

Aiming at the problem that wheat seed quality detection apparatus in the prior art is not suitable for peasant's use, the present invention provides a kind of wheat seed quality detection device and its detection method, including the useless plants case for installing discarded seed, the screening unit for being used to screen seed being inclined on useless plants case upper surface, for receiving the hopper of the seed to be measured tumbled in screening unit, the feed mechanism for seed that hopper goes out kind of end is set, the seed output pipe for being used to only pass through single seed of feed mechanism for seed output end is set, seed output pipe is set and the seed containing box at kind of end and the control assembly including central processing unit;It is additionally provided on seed output pipe for the counting component that whereabouts seed is counted in seed output pipe and the counting component is electrically connected to control assembly;It is characterized by also including the ultrasonic sensors for being detected to seed grain shielded area being arranged on seed output pipe.The configuration of the present invention is simple, principle high reliablity, cost is not high, and general peasant household is suitble to use.

Description

A kind of wheat seed quality detection device and its detection method
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural mechanical fields, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of simple wheat seed quality testings to fill It sets and its detection method.
Background technique
Seed is the essential means of production of agricultural production.The superiority and inferiority of seed quality is directly related to agricultural production and warp The development of Ji.The problems such as quality of seed quality also decides germination percentage, in order to guarantee the up to standard and seed quality of seed quality Continuous improvement, make to guarantee germination percentage during peasant planting, need to carry out quality testing to seed.And large-scale seed quality inspection Measurement equipment, spent cost is more expensive, and does not meet the economic interests of peasant;Peasant filters out relatively excellent through common dustpan shake Good wheat seed, but this mode, not only inefficiency, also expends a large amount of manpowers and time.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problem that wheat seed quality detection apparatus in the prior art is not suitable for peasant's use, the present invention provides one kind Wheat seed quality detection device and its detection method, structure is simple, can quickly detect to wheat seed quality.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of wheat seed quality detection device, packet Include the useless plants case for installing discarded seed, be inclined on useless plants case upper surface for screen seed screening unit, Go out the feed mechanism for seed at kind of end, setting in seeding for receiving the hopper of the seed to be measured tumbled in screening unit, hopper being arranged in Device output end is gone out the seed containing box at kind of end and including in for only passing through the seed output pipe of single seed, seed output pipe being arranged in The control assembly of central processor;Be additionally provided on seed output pipe for the counting component that whereabouts seed is counted in seed output pipe and The counting component is electrically connected to control assembly;
It is characterized by also including the ultrasonic wave biographies for being detected to seed grain shielded area being arranged on seed output pipe Sensor;
The supersonic sensing device includes the shell of annular, is successively radially arranged in the intracorporal quartz resonance ring of shell and becket And quartz resonance ring is arranged close to the axis of shell;
Wherein, the connecting terminal connecting with extraneous alternating electric field is provided on quartz resonance ring;Quartz resonance ring is far from its axis Outer circle anchor ring on be provided with conducting wire and connect with becket;Output terminal is provided on becket;Output terminal is electrically connected to control Component processed.
It further include protective film ring in the supersonic sensing device;The protective film ring is arranged in shell on the outside of seed output pipe Between wall and quartz resonance ring.
Protrusion is isolated for isolation protection film ring and quartz resonance ring in being internally provided with for the shell.
It further include absorbing block in the supersonic sensing device;The absorption block setting on the inner wall of the housing with becket it Between.
Protrusion is isolated for be isolated quartz resonance ring and becket in being internally provided with for the shell.
It is provided on the absorption block for the through-hole by conducting wire.
It is provided on the shell for the through-hole by conducting wire.
The tapered connection for connecting different-diameter feed mechanism for seed is provided in the shell axial direction;The tapered connection Outer surface on be provided with anticreep protrusion.
A kind of method of wheat seed quality testing, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included: a. seed grain to be detected is logical After crossing screening unit screening, particle is biggish to be thought to meet the requirements, and particle is elongated to be fallen into useless plants case by screening unit, is made For preliminary screening process;
B. the seed to be detected after preliminary screening is fallen into hopper, is discharged by feed mechanism for seed single, and fall into seed output pipe;
C. during seed output pipe is fallen, counting component carries out statistics to the seed grain sum of whereabouts and should seed grain Data are sent in control assembly and save;Supersonic sensing device by seed grain axially past supersonic sensing device inside When, seed grain can block the ultrasonic transmission in supersonic sensing device, and the volume of seed grain is fuller, the ultrasound blocked Wave is more, and the voltage of output terminal output is lower;
D. after the output end connection amplifying circuit and comparison circuit of supersonic sensing device, digital signal is sent to control group Central processing unit in part;Reference voltage in comparison circuit is set, when supersonic sensing device output voltage value be less than than Compared with the reference voltage in circuit, then assert that the seed grain is certified seed, and in the memory block of central processing unit by qualified kind Subnumber amount adds one;If the voltage value of supersonic sensing device output is greater than the reference voltage in comparison circuit, this kind is assert Sub- particle is unqualified seed, is not recorded in the memory block of central processing unit;
E. seed grain sum is read in control assembly to be compared with certified seed quantity, obtain seed quality percentage.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is screened out the impurity in seed grain to be detected by screening unit, lead to Gravity is crossed to clean seed grain and impurity.After carrying out gravity and cleaning, under the action of feed mechanism for seed, only it is discharged every time The seed grain of one seed grain, the discharge is discharged by seed output pipe.During discharge, counting component pair is first passed around The sum of seed grain is counted, and is then detected again by volume of the ultrasonic sensor to seed, volume is bigger, says The plumpness of bright seed is higher, and quality is better.The given threshold in control assembly carries out the seed grain quantity met the requirements Statistics, finally, calculating seed quality percentage.The configuration of the present invention is simple, principle high reliablity, cost is not high, is suitble to general agriculture Family uses.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the main view of ultrasonic sensor.
Fig. 3 is the A-A direction view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is supersonic sensing schematic diagram of device of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further detailed with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Such as Fig. 1 ~ 3, a kind of wheat seed quality detection device, including for installing discarded seed useless plants case 1, The screening unit 2 for screening seed that is inclined on useless 1 upper surface of plants case tumbles in screening unit 2 for receiving Seed to be measured hopper 3, be arranged in hopper 3 go out the feed mechanism for seed 7 at kind of end, be arranged in 7 output end of feed mechanism for seed for only passing through Seed output pipe 4 the seed containing box at kind of end and the control including central processing unit 501 out is arranged in the seed output pipe 4 of single seed Component 5;The counting component 8 and the counting component for being counted to whereabouts seed in seed output pipe 4 are additionally provided on seed output pipe 4 8 are electrically connected to control assembly 5;
It is characterized by also including the ultrasonic waves for being detected to seed grain shielded area being arranged on seed output pipe 4 Sensor 6;
The supersonic sensing device 6 includes the shell 601 of annular, the quartz resonance ring 603 being successively radially arranged in shell 601 And becket 604 and quartz resonance ring 603 are arranged close to the axis of shell 601;
Wherein, the connecting terminal 6A, 6B connecting with extraneous alternating electric field are provided on quartz resonance ring 603;Quartz resonance ring 603 Conducting wire is provided on outer circle anchor ring far from its axis to connect with becket 604;Output terminal 6C is provided on becket 604; Output terminal 6C is electrically connected to control assembly 5.
It should be clear that: the screening unit 2 is inclined on the planting surface of useless plants case 1, is normally at useless The upper surface of plants case 1.The setting of hopper 3 is tumbled for receiving on 2 surface of screening unit in the lower side-lower of screening unit 2 Seed grain.
It is admissible, in order to increase the fluency of seeds fall and the precision of screening, screening unit 2 can be arranged For vibrating screen.The aperture of screening unit 2 are as follows: 10*10mm, inclined angle are 30 degree.
It should be clear that: as the working principle of Fig. 4, supersonic sensing device 6 are: in seed output pipe 4 close to hopper 3 one Side is provided with counting component 8, and supersonic sensing device 6 is set below counting component 8.Supersonic sensing device 6, which is one, has frequency The quartz resonator of rate high stability, essential part are the quartzy mechanical vibrator that quartz resonance ring 603 is made into.Supersonic sensing Device 6 includes that 603 intrinsic frequency of quartz resonance ring is greater than 30KHz, and surface is coated with proof gold membrane electrode, connects high-frequency alternating field Connecting terminal 6A, 6B.When alternating electric field is by connecting terminal 6A, when 6B acts on quartz resonance ring 603, since inverse piezoelectricity is imitated It answers, high frequency electric oscillation is converted into the high-frequency mechanical vibration of quartz resonance ring 603, to generate ultrasonic wave.When additional alternation electricity The frequency of pressure can generate resonance when being equal to the intrinsic frequency of 603 material of quartz resonance ring, and the ultrasonic wave generated at this time is most strong.Due to Direct piezoelectric effect causes chip flexible, in two circles of quartz resonance ring 603 when ultrasonic wave is applied on quartz resonance ring 603 Just opposite polarity charge is generated on cylindrical surface.When seed grain passes through supersonic sensing device 6, supersonic sensing device A part of ultrasonic wave in 6 can be stopped by seed grain, and supersonic sensing device 6 is made to generate different degrees of voltage class.When When seed grain is full nondestructive state, the ultrasonic wave area being blocked is bigger, and supersonic sensing device 6 is made to generate voltage etc. Grade is relatively low;When seed grain is oat seed or impaired wheat seed, because oat seed particle is elongated, with impaired wheat Seed grain shape is similar, then the ultrasonic wave area being blocked is smaller, so that supersonic sensing device 6 is generated voltage class and compares It is high.Digital signal is sent in control assembly 5 by these voltage analog signals through amplifying circuit 1A amplification and comparison circuit 1B Central processing unit 501 completes detection of the supersonic sensing device 6 to seed grain quality.Wherein, the benchmark in comparison circuit 1B Voltage can be according to circumstances adjusted, to meet the wider measurement range of the present invention.
It further, further include protective film ring 602 in supersonic sensing device 6;The protective film ring 602 is arranged in shell In 601 between 4 lateral wall of seed output pipe and quartz resonance ring 603.
It should be clear that: the material of protective film ring 602 can be macromolecule damping sound-absorbing material, such as polyethylene crosslinking, The influence of vibration and sound to ultrasonic sensor 6 can be reduced, guarantees the reliability of ultrasonic sensor 6.
Further, shell 601 is internally provided with being isolated for isolation protection film ring 602 and quartz resonance ring 603 Protrusion.
It should be clear that: high-frequency vibration occurs under the action of alternating electric field for quartz resonance ring 603, increases isolation protrusion The precision for helping to improve detection prevents seed output pipe 4 from high-frequency vibration also occurs, influences planting.
It further, further include absorbing block 605 in supersonic sensing device 6;The absorption block 605 is arranged in shell 601 Between wall and becket 604.
It should be clear that: the material for absorbing block 605 is macromolecule damping sound-absorbing material, such as polyethylene crosslinking, can be with It prevents shell 601 from vibrating, and ultrasonic sensor 6 is caused to fall off from seed output pipe 4.
Further, shell 601 be internally provided with it is convex for quartz resonance ring 603 and being isolated for becket 604 to be isolated It rises.
It should be clear that: high-frequency vibration occurs under the action of alternating electric field for quartz resonance ring 603, increases isolation protrusion It prevents the equally vibration of becket 604 and causes losing for conducting wire, influence service life.
Further, the through-hole 605A being provided on block 605 for passing through conducting wire is absorbed.
Further, the tapered connection 6011 for connecting different-diameter feed mechanism for seed 7 is provided in 601 axial direction of shell; Anticreep protrusion is provided on the outer surface of the tapered connection 6011.
Further, the through-hole 601A for passing through conducting wire is provided on shell 601.
A kind of method of wheat seed quality testing, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included: a. seed grain to be detected is logical After crossing the screening of screening unit 2, particle is biggish to be thought to meet the requirements, and particle is elongated to fall into useless plants case 1 by screening unit 2 In, as preliminary screening process;
B. the seed to be detected after preliminary screening is fallen into hopper 3, is discharged by feed mechanism for seed 7 single, and fall into seed output pipe 4;
C. seed grain is during seed output pipe 4 is fallen, the seed grain sums of 8 pairs of counting component whereabouts counted and incite somebody to action The data are sent in control assembly 5 and save;Supersonic sensing device 6 is by seed grain axially past supersonic sensing device When 6 inside, seed grain can block the ultrasonic transmission in supersonic sensing device 6, and the volume of seed grain is fuller, block Ultrasonic wave it is more, output terminal 6C output voltage it is lower;
D. after the output end connection amplifying circuit 1A and comparison circuit 1B of supersonic sensing device 6, digital signal is sent to control Central processing unit 501 in component 5 processed;Reference voltage in comparison circuit 1B is set, when the electricity that supersonic sensing device 6 exports Pressure value is less than the reference voltage in comparison circuit 1C, then assert that the seed grain is certified seed, and in central processing unit 501 Certified seed quantity is added one by memory block;If the voltage value that supersonic sensing device 6 exports is greater than the base in comparison circuit 1B Quasi- voltage is then assert that the seed grain is unqualified seed, is not recorded in the memory block of central processing unit 501;
E. seed grain sum is read in control assembly 5 to be compared with certified seed quantity, obtain seed quality percentage.
Seed quality=certified seed quantity ÷ seed grain Zong Shuo ╳ 100%.
Specifically, the reference voltage in comparison circuit 1C can be steady by connecting the reference voltage terminal in comparison circuit 1C Piezoelectricity source output terminal.It is adjusted flexibly according to different measurement situations.
Specifically, being equipped with counting component 8 in 4 outer wall of seed output pipe, counting component 8 includes photoelectric sensor;Control assembly 5 is wrapped Include display device, alarm, A/D conversion module and central processing unit 501.Seed output pipe 4 is internally provided with a photoelectric sensor, Characteristic is face detection, can detect the above opaque article of object 0.5mm, and infrared LEDs light projector is formed without dead angle face detection zone, Often by a seed, signal is issued A/D conversion module by photoelectric sensor, and such as ADS8364 chip, A/D conversion module again will Data issue central processing unit 501, and such as TMS320F2812 chip, central processing unit 501 makes display device number seeds add one, Seed is recorded by sum, and sum is stored in the memory block of central processing unit 501.When 501 long-time of central processing unit, such as 1 ~ 2 second, without the signal that photoelectric sensor issues, then control signal is issued, controls alarm, such as buzzer, alarm.
Specifically, a seed is only discharged every time, gas suction type precise sowing device can be used such as feed mechanism for seed 7.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiment of invention, oneself, is not intended to limit the invention, all in spirit of the invention With any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of wheat seed quality detection device, including for installing discarded seed useless plants case (1), be inclined at useless kind The screening unit (2) for screening seed on case (1) upper surface, for receiving to be measured kind tumbled on screening unit (2) The hopper (3) of son is arranged go out the feed mechanism for seed (7) at kind of end in hopper (3), be arranged in feed mechanism for seed (7) output end for only passing through The seed output pipe (4) of single seed is arranged and plants the seed containing box at end out in seed output pipe (4) and including central processing unit (501) Control assembly (5);The counting component for being counted to whereabouts seed in seed output pipe (4) is additionally provided on seed output pipe (4) (8) and the counting component (8) is electrically connected to control assembly (5);
It is characterized by also including the ultrasounds for being detected to seed grain shielded area being arranged on seed output pipe (4) Wave sensor (6);
The supersonic sensing device (6) include annular shell (601), be successively radially arranged in shell (601) quartz it is humorous The axis of vibration ring (603) and becket (604) and quartz resonance ring (603) close to shell (601) is arranged;
Wherein, the connecting terminal (6A, 6B) connecting with extraneous alternating electric field is provided on quartz resonance ring (603);Quartz resonance Conducting wire is provided on the outer circle anchor ring of its separate axis of ring (603) to connect with becket (604);Becket is provided on (604) Output terminal (6C);Output terminal (6C) is electrically connected to control assembly (5).
2. a kind of wheat seed quality detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: supersonic sensing device It (6) further include protective film ring (602) in;The protective film ring (602) is arranged in shell (601) interior seed output pipe (4) lateral wall and stone Between English resonant ring (603).
3. a kind of wheat seed quality detection device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the inside of shell (601) It is provided with and protrusion is isolated for isolation protection film ring (602) and quartz resonance ring (603).
4. a kind of wheat seed quality detection device according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: supersonic sensing dress Set in (6) further includes absorbing block (605);The absorption block (605) is arranged between shell (601) inner wall and becket (604).
5. a kind of wheat seed quality detection device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the inside of shell (601) It is provided with and protrusion is isolated for be isolated quartz resonance ring (603) and becket (604).
6. a kind of wheat seed quality detection device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: absorb and set on block (605) It is equipped with for the through-hole (605A) by conducting wire.
7. a kind of wheat seed quality detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: shell is arranged on (601) Have for the through-hole (601A) by conducting wire.
8. a kind of wheat seed quality detection device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in shell (601) axial direction It is provided with the tapered connection (6011) for connecting different-diameter feed mechanism for seed (7);The outer surface of the tapered connection (6011) On be provided with anticreep protrusion.
9. a kind of method of wheat seed quality testing, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included: a. seed grain to be detected passes through After screening unit (2) screening, particle is biggish to be thought to meet the requirements, and particle is elongated to fall into useless plants case by screening unit (2) (1) in, as preliminary screening process;
B. the seed to be detected after preliminary screening is fallen into hopper (3), is discharged by feed mechanism for seed (7) single, and fall into seed output pipe (4) in;
C. for seed grain during seed output pipe (4) is fallen, counting component (8) counts the seed grain sum of whereabouts And it sends the data in control assembly (5) and saves;Supersonic sensing device (6) is by seed grain axially past ultrasonic wave When sensing device (6) is internal, seed grain can block the ultrasonic transmission in supersonic sensing device (6), the body of seed grain Product is fuller, and the ultrasonic wave blocked is more, and the voltage of output terminal (6C) output is lower;
D. after the output end of supersonic sensing device (6) connects amplifying circuit (1A) and comparison circuit (1B), digital signal is sent out Give the central processing unit (501) in control assembly 5;Reference voltage in comparison circuit (1B) is set, when supersonic sensing fills The voltage value of (6) output is set less than the reference voltage in comparison circuit (1C), then assert that the seed grain is certified seed, and Certified seed quantity is added one by the memory block of central processing unit (501);If the voltage value of supersonic sensing device (6) output is big Reference voltage in comparison circuit (1B) then assert that the seed grain is unqualified seed, is not recorded in central processing unit (501) in memory block;
E. seed grain sum is read in control assembly (5) to be compared with certified seed quantity, obtain seed quality percentage Than.
CN201810989304.3A 2018-08-28 2018-08-28 Wheat seed quality detection device and detection method thereof Active CN109164034B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111359914A (en) * 2020-01-18 2020-07-03 山西大学 Device and method for screening crop seeds

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CN106124239A (en) * 2016-08-31 2016-11-16 中国农业大学 Semen Maydis finger-clipping type seed metering device planting quality monitor station and planting quality detection method
CN107345937A (en) * 2017-06-22 2017-11-14 北京工业大学 A kind of blower fan main shaft surface defect supersonic array in-situ detection method

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JPH0264451A (en) * 1988-08-31 1990-03-05 Hitachi Ltd Ultrasonic flaw detector
CN101111098A (en) * 2007-08-31 2008-01-23 陕西师范大学 Sandwich type radial direction vibrating piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic transducer
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CN111359914B (en) * 2020-01-18 2021-11-19 山西大学 Method for screening crop seeds

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