CN109163665A - A kind of civil structure point three-dimensional displacement monitoring method based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques - Google Patents
A kind of civil structure point three-dimensional displacement monitoring method based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques Download PDFInfo
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- CN109163665A CN109163665A CN201810623716.5A CN201810623716A CN109163665A CN 109163665 A CN109163665 A CN 109163665A CN 201810623716 A CN201810623716 A CN 201810623716A CN 109163665 A CN109163665 A CN 109163665A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/03—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
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Abstract
The present invention relates to civil structure monitoring technical fields, more specifically, a kind of civil structure point three-dimensional displacement monitoring method based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques is provided, including squeezing into reference stake, optical cable unwrapping wire, fixed sensing optic cable, standing and monitoring, be tested according to sensing optic cable strain calculation the displacement in three directions of the space of points.Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques are successfully applied in the Quantitative Monitoring of civil structure point three-D displacement, quantitative analysis is made by formula, excavated the new function of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, reacts the situation of change of civil structure comprehensively.Meanwhile for need electromagnetism interference, high temperature resistant, it is anticorrosive, need the civil structure for carrying out long term monitoring to provide a kind of optional monitoring method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to civil structure monitoring technical fields, are based on distributing optical fiber sensing skill more particularly, to one kind
The civil structure point three-dimensional displacement monitoring method of art.
Background technique
Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques are a kind of sensing technologies for using optical fibers as sensing element and signal transmission medium,
The state change monitoring that each distributed measuring point along optical fiber can be achieved is widely used in landslide, geology sedimentation, power transmission line
Road, petroleum pipeline etc. need the field of long range, a wide range of distributed monitoring.Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques are mostly due to construction
Optical fiber sensing network geometric properties be unsatisfactory for statically determinate structure requirement, it is more difficult to obtain strain parsing displacement from measurement, quantitative
Various displacement fields are monitored to have difficulties.Currently, Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques major function is used for the qualitative monitorings such as early warning,
Using less in quantitative detection.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of civil structure point three-dimensional displacement monitoring method based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, will divide
Cloth optical fiber sensing technology is successfully applied in the Quantitative Monitoring of civil structure point three-D displacement, makes quantitative point by formula
Analysis, has excavated the new function of Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, reacts the situation of change of civil structure comprehensively.Meanwhile it is anti-to need
Electromagnetic interference, high temperature resistant, it is anticorrosive, need the civil structure for carrying out long term monitoring to provide a kind of optional monitoring method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of civil structure point three-dimensional displacement monitoring method based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, using based on Brillouin
The distributed fiberoptic sensor of scattering, including but not limited to following steps:
S1 squeezes into reference stake in a certain range that distance is tested civil structure, and is arranged at least three on reference stake top
A reference point for being used to connect sensing optic cable, reference point and tested civil structure point constitute polygonal wimble structure.Reference stake up to
The vertex that at least one point constitutes polygonal cone is chosen in the bottom surface for constituting polygonal cone using three points less on tested civil structure,
Change in displacement is negligible between each point on reference stake.
S2 presses the needs of monitoring location, and optical cable unwrapping wire connects distributed fiberoptic sensor on optical cable, forms sense light
Cable.It is needed by monitoring location, optical cable unwrapping wire, and there are enough temperature-compensating optical cables and backup optical cables, connect distribution type fiber-optic
Sensor debugs distributed fiberoptic sensor and sensing optic cable, it is desirable that whole section of sensing optic cable and transmission cable will not be by excessive
Light loss.Generally, BOTDA distributed fiberoptic sensor can be used, monitoring optical cable needs to be formed into a loop；It can also be used BOTDR points
Cloth fibre optical sensor, monitoring optical cable are not required to be formed into a loop.
Sensing optic cable both ends are individually fixed on tested civil structure point and reference stake reference point by S3, make sensing optic cable by
A certain size prestressing force, and start premonitoring.Starting device, while monitoring while fix sensing optic cable, make sensing optic cable section by
A certain size prestressing force, the strain that prestressing force generates is between the middle part of entirely strain range, such sensing optic cable section
Distance increase or reduce, can show in the distributed fiberoptic sensor frequency displacement of Brillouin scattering.
S4 stands a period of time, and sensing optic cable is made to complete most loose creep, starts formal monitoring.Stand one
Month, so that sensing optic cable section is completed most loose creep.Sensing optic cable is in the state of tensile strain, it may occur that stress is not
Become, strain increased loose creep, after it completes most loose creep, starts formal monitoring.
S5 obtains optical cable dependent variable by the monitoring of distributed fiberoptic sensor, is tested by the strain inverse of polygonal wimble structure
Displacement of the civil structure o'clock in three directions.
Further, the reference stake is opening steel tube concrete pile, and stake end is fixed using concrete pressurization, reference stake
Constant depth is determined by the rate of decay of basement rock.It is monitored in civil structure a certain range in distance, squeezes into reference stake, it is desirable that base
Quasi- stake is embedded in basement rock certain depth, and insert depth is determined that hard rock is no less than 0.2m compared with hard rock by the rate of decay of basement rock,
Middle decomposed rock is no less than 0.5m, and using opening steel tube concrete pile, stake end concrete pressurized jet is sufficiently vibrated, it is ensured that base
Quasi- stake is securely connect with basement rock.
Further, the monitored civil structure point and each reference point of reference stake are equipped with installation for fixing sensing optic cable
The first fixture；Sensing optic cable both ends are respectively equipped with the second fixture being connected and fixed with the first fixture.It is required that the fixed bit of fixture
It sets and direction can be such that optical cable smoothly fixes, will not occur excessive bending, reduce the light loss generated by bending.
Further, there are enough temperature-compensating optical cables and backup optical cables for optical cable unwrapping wire in the S2.
Further, the stationary state of sensing optic cable keeps smooth in the S3.
Further, three-D displacement equation group, and the side of solution are established using the geometric properties of polygonal wimble structure in the S5
Journey group obtains the shift value in three directions on civil structure point.
Further, the method for the solve system of equation is Newton iteration method.
Specific solution procedure are as follows: three reference points of reference stake top setting connection sensing optic cable are A, B, C, are mutually interconnected
It is connected into cross-arm AB and diagonal brace AC, BC, the generation of D point is moved to E point on tested civil structure, and sensing optic cable section AD is deformed into AE, answers
Become increment into
Sensing optic cable section BD is deformed into BE, and strain increment is
Sensing optic cable section CD is deformed into CE, and strain increment is
Δ ε in upper two formulaAD、ΔεBD、ΔεCDIt monitors to obtain by distributed fiberoptic sensor BOTDR or BOTDA, (xA, yA,
zA) it is A point coordinate, (xB, yB, zB) it is B point coordinate, (xC, yC, zC) it is C point coordinate, (xD, yD, zD) it is D point coordinate, it is
The amount of knowing, (xE, yE, zE) it is E point coordinate, it is unknown quantity.Analogy triangle wimble structure be space statically determinate truss structure, as a result, above three
The Nonlinear System of Equations of a nonlinear equation composition, equation number is identical with unknown quantity number, can by Newton iteration method or other ask
Solve the Numerical Methods Solve of nonlinear equation.
The displacement in three directions in point being monitored is
Δ x=xE-xD
Δ y=yE-yD
Δ z=zE-zD
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1, can be using fibre optical sensor simultaneous quantitative prison
The space three-dimensional displacement for surveying civil structure point, to react the situation of change of civil structure comprehensively.2, using temperature-compensating optical cable,
It can monitor in accurate resolution temperature, the temperature field that civil structure can be monitored simultaneously simultaneously.3, sensing optic cable is dry with anti-electromagnetism
It disturbs, is corrosion-resistant, being not necessarily to the advantages that power supply, being suitable for the monitoring of concealed work.4, Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques are applied successfully
In in the Quantitative Monitoring of civil structure point three-D displacement, quantitative analysis is made by formula, has excavated distributing optical fiber sensing skill
The new function of art.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is operational flowchart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the sensing optic cable connection distribution map of civil structure deformation front and back.
Specific embodiment
The attached figures are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limitating the patent；In order to better illustrate this embodiment, attached
Scheme certain components to have omission, zoom in or out, does not represent the size of actual product；To those skilled in the art,
The omitting of some known structures and their instructions in the attached drawings are understandable.Being given for example only property of positional relationship is described in attached drawing
Illustrate, should not be understood as the limitation to this patent.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figs. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a kind of civil structure point three-dimensional position based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques
Monitoring method is moved, following steps are specifically including but not limited to:
S1 squeezes into reference stake in a certain range that distance is tested civil structure, and is arranged at least three on reference stake top
A reference point for being used to connect sensing optic cable, reference point and tested civil structure point constitute polygonal wimble structure.Reference stake up to
The vertex that at least one point constitutes polygonal cone is chosen in the bottom surface for constituting polygonal cone using three points less on tested civil structure,
Change in displacement is negligible between each point on reference stake.
Wherein, reference stake is opening steel tube concrete pile, and stake end is fixed using concrete pressurization, the constant depth of reference stake
It is determined by the rate of decay of basement rock.It is monitored in civil structure a certain range in distance, squeezes into reference stake, it is desirable that reference stake insertion
Basement rock certain depth, insert depth are determined that hard rock is no less than 0.2m, middle decomposed rock compared with hard rock by the rate of decay of basement rock
No less than 0.5m, using opening steel tube concrete pile, stake end concrete pressurized jet is sufficiently vibrated, it is ensured that reference stake and base
Rock securely connects.
S2 presses the needs of monitoring location, and optical cable unwrapping wire connects distributed fiberoptic sensor on optical cable, forms sense light
Cable.It is needed by monitoring location, optical cable unwrapping wire, and there are enough temperature-compensating optical cables and backup optical cables, connect distribution type fiber-optic
Sensor debugs distributed fiberoptic sensor and sensing optic cable, it is desirable that whole section of sensing optic cable and transmission cable will not be by excessive
Light loss.Generally, BOTDA distributed fiberoptic sensor can be used, monitoring optical cable needs to be formed into a loop；It can also be used BOTDR points
Cloth fibre optical sensor, monitoring optical cable are not required to be formed into a loop.
Sensing optic cable both ends are individually fixed on tested civil structure point and reference stake reference point by S3, make sensing optic cable by
A certain size prestressing force, and start premonitoring.Starting device, while monitoring while fix sensing optic cable, make sensing optic cable section by
A certain size prestressing force, the strain that prestressing force generates is between the middle part of entirely strain range, such sensing optic cable section
Distance increase or reduce, can show in the distributed fiberoptic sensor frequency displacement of Brillouin scattering.
Wherein, it is monitored civil structure point and each reference point of reference stake is equipped with installation for fixing the first folder of sensing optic cable
Tool；Sensing optic cable both ends are respectively equipped with the second fixture being connected and fixed with the first fixture.The stationary state of sensing optic cable keeps flat
It is suitable, it is desirable that the fixation position of fixture and direction can be such that optical cable smoothly fixes, and will not occur excessive bending, reduce by bending generation
Light loss.
S4 stands a period of time, and sensing optic cable is made to complete most loose creep, starts formal monitoring.Stand one
Month, so that sensing optic cable section is completed most loose creep.Sensing optic cable is in the state of tensile strain, it may occur that stress is not
Become, strain increased loose creep, after it completes most loose creep, starts formal monitoring.
S5 obtains optical cable dependent variable by the monitoring of distributed fiberoptic sensor, is tested by the strain inverse of polygonal wimble structure
Displacement of the civil structure o'clock in three directions.Three-D displacement equation group is established using the geometric properties of polygonal wimble structure, and is solved
Equation group obtains the shift value in three directions on civil structure point.
As shown in Fig. 2, specific solution procedure are as follows: reference stake top setting connection sensing optic cable three reference points be A,
B, C is interconnected to cross-arm AB and diagonal brace AC, BC, and the generation of D point is moved to E point on tested civil structure, and sensing optic cable section AD becomes
Shape to AE, strain increment be
Sensing optic cable section BD is deformed into BE, and strain increment is
Sensing optic cable section CD is deformed into CE, and strain increment is
Δ ε in upper two formulaAD、ΔεBD、ΔεCDIt monitors to obtain by distributed fiberoptic sensor BOTDR or BOTDA, (xA, yA,
zA) it is A point coordinate, (xB, yB, zB) it is B point coordinate, (xC, yC, zC) it is C point coordinate, (xD, yD, zD) it is D point coordinate, it is
The amount of knowing, (xE, yE, zE) it is E point coordinate, it is unknown quantity.Analogy triangle wimble structure be space statically determinate truss structure, as a result, above three
The Nonlinear System of Equations of a nonlinear equation composition, equation number is identical with unknown quantity number, can by Newton iteration method or other ask
Solve the Numerical Methods Solve of nonlinear equation.
The displacement in three directions in point being monitored is
Δ x=xE-xD
Δ y=yE-yD
Δ z=zE-zD
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair
The restriction of embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the art, may be used also on the basis of the above description
To make other variations or changes in different ways.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all this
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should be included in the claims in the present invention within the spirit and principle of invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of civil structure point three-dimensional displacement monitoring method based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques, it is characterised in that: including
But it is not limited to following steps:
S1 squeezes into reference stake in a certain range that distance is tested civil structure, and uses in reference stake top setting at least three
In the reference point of connection sensing optic cable, reference point and tested civil structure point constitute polygonal wimble structure；
S2 presses the needs of monitoring location, and optical cable unwrapping wire connects distributed fiberoptic sensor on optical cable, forms sensing optic cable；
Sensing optic cable both ends are individually fixed on tested civil structure point and reference stake reference point by S3, make sensing optic cable by certain
The prestressing force of size, and start premonitoring；
S4 stands a period of time, and sensing optic cable is made to complete most loose creep, starts formal monitoring；
S5 obtains optical cable dependent variable by the monitoring of distributed fiberoptic sensor, is tested building by the strain inverse of polygonal wimble structure
Displacement of the system point in three directions.
2. a kind of civil structure point three-D displacement monitoring side based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the reference stake is opening steel tube concrete pile, and stake end is fixed using concrete pressurization, and reference stake is consolidated
Depthkeeping degree is determined by the rate of decay of basement rock.
3. a kind of civil structure point three-D displacement monitoring side based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the monitored civil structure point and each reference point of reference stake are equipped with installation for fixing sensing optic cable
First fixture；Sensing optic cable both ends are respectively equipped with the second fixture being connected and fixed with the first fixture.
4. a kind of civil structure point three-D displacement monitoring side based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: there are enough temperature-compensating optical cables and backup optical cables for optical cable unwrapping wire in the S2.
5. a kind of civil structure point three-D displacement monitoring side based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the stationary state of sensing optic cable keeps smooth in the S3.
6. a kind of civil structure point three-D displacement monitoring side based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: establish three-D displacement equation group, and solve system of equation using the geometric properties of polygonal wimble structure in the S5
Obtain the shift value in three directions on civil structure point.
7. a kind of civil structure point three-D displacement monitoring side based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Techniques according to claim 5
Method, it is characterised in that: the method for the solve system of equation is Newton iteration method.
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