CN109157185A - 具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种医疗器械,特别是具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置。包括面罩,面罩上开设有吸气阀、呼气阀和纤支镜插孔,还包括密闭的消毒箱,消毒箱内分隔成第一消毒室和第二消毒室,第一消毒室通过管道与所述呼气阀连接,其内设置有紫外线光源,第二消毒室内装有杀菌消毒液,消毒箱内设置设置有U型管,其入口端位于第一消毒室内,其出口端位于第二消毒室内。患者戴上该辅助装置中的面罩进行纤维支气管镜检查时,能够有效防止结核菌对检查室内环境及医务人员的感染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种医疗器械,特别是用于纤维支气管镜检查的辅助装置。
背景技术
肺结核合并支气管结核患者常常需要行纤维支气管镜等检查,以进一步明确诊断或治疗,但往往这类患者常为活动性肺结核,部分痰菌实验阳性,具有很强的传染性,国内很多医院或支气管镜室均无完整的防护设备,对医务人员及周围环境具有较强的感染威胁作用。
该类患者在行纤维支气管镜检查时常常诱发剧烈咳嗽,可导致肺部大量病菌通过空气传播进入检查室内,而常规口罩对结核菌防护能力较弱,这对于部分体质较差的医务人员具有较高的感染风险,国内已有较多文献报道。李静玫对沈阳一所综合医院调查结果表面,医务人员PPD阳性率为60%,明显高于非医务人员的感染率48.5%(P<0.001=,其比值比(OR)为8.29。河南省TB防治机构工作人员进行的TB感染率调查,发现全身TB防治机构工作人员的PPD阳性率为57.3%,医务人员的阳性率为62.8%。据joshi等撰写的综述,全球中低收入国家中,医务人员结核分支杆菌平均感染率为54%(33%-79%)。Cook等对美国纽约1994-2001年间资料进行回顾性分析,医护人员的PPD阳性率调查结果为51.6%-60.0%。尤其是活动性肺结核患者对社会及医疗团队危害巨大。
目前很多监察室隔离消毒系统并不完善,仅靠通风降低感染风险,操作中着采取戴口罩的方式防治结核菌感染。但结核菌生存能力极强,尤其是部分活动性支气管结核,具有极强的传染性,通过空气进入周围环境,使得处于该环境中的医务人员仍具有较高的感染风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置,患者戴上该辅助装置中的面罩进行纤维支气管镜检查时,能够有效防止结核菌外排,以避免结核菌对检查室环境及医务人员的感染。
本发明所述的具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置,包括面罩,面罩上开设有吸气阀和呼气阀,在面罩上还开设有纤支镜插孔,吸气阀为单向进气阀,呼气阀为单向出气阀;还包括密闭的消毒箱,消毒箱内设置有隔板将消毒箱分隔成第一消毒室和第二消毒室,第一消毒室通过管道与所述呼气阀连接,其内设置有紫外线光源,第二消毒室内装有杀菌消毒液,第二消毒室所在的消毒箱上设置有负压接口;消毒箱内设置有U型管,U型管穿插在隔板上,其入口端位于第一消毒室内,其出口端位于第二消毒室内,且该出口端被杀菌消毒液淹没。
在第二消毒室所在的消毒箱上安装有减压阀。
在面罩的纤支镜插孔处固定有橡胶环,橡胶环的中心孔与纤支镜插孔相重叠,橡胶环上连接有橡胶塞,该橡胶塞可将橡胶环的中心孔堵塞封闭。
对患者进行纤维支气管镜检查时,将面罩戴在患者面部,并将第二消毒室所在的消毒箱上设置的负压接口与负压源连接,纤维支气管镜通过面罩上的橡胶环中心孔插入患者体内。由于单向进气阀和单向出气阀的作用,氧气及空气只能通过吸气阀进入面罩内,而患者呼出的带菌气体则只能从呼气阀进入管道,通过该管道进入第一消毒室,带菌气体在第一消毒室内进行紫外线杀毒。由于第二消毒室为负压,在负压作用下,经紫外线杀毒后的气体经U型管进入第二消毒室内的杀菌消毒液中进行再次杀毒,之后,经再次杀毒后的气体进入第二消毒室上部的负压空间,从负压接口排出。
U型管的作用是将第一消毒室内的气体导入第二消毒室内,同时防止第二消毒室内的杀菌消毒液流入第一消毒室内。
第二消毒室所在的消毒箱上安装的减压阀,其作用是控制第二消毒室内的负压值,防止因第二消毒室内的负压过大而导致呼气阀的误触发。
面罩的纤支镜插孔处固定的橡胶环,是为了使纤支镜插孔能够与纤支镜进行可靠的密封配合。橡胶环的中心孔直径应略小于纤支镜的管径,纤支镜插入时就能够与橡胶环中心孔始终保持过盈配合,防止在进行纤支镜检查时面罩内外空气的交换。在未插纤支镜时,可用橡胶环上连接的橡胶塞将该中心孔堵塞封闭,在未插纤支镜时,亦可防止面罩内外空气的交换。
本发明由于具有该种结构,在对患者进行纤维支气管镜检查时,能够将患者呼出的带菌气体引到入消毒箱内,在消毒箱内进行二级杀菌处理,将带菌气体中的结核菌杀灭后排出,使检查室内的空气不会存在结核菌,从而有效防止了结核菌对检查室内环境及医务人员的感染。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置的结构示意图。
图2为该辅助装置面罩上纤支镜插孔处的剖视图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
参见图1所示,该具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置,包括面罩6,面罩6上开设有吸气阀8、呼气阀9和纤支镜插孔16,吸气阀8为单向进气阀,可以连接氧气管供氧,呼气阀9为单向出气阀;在面罩6的纤支镜插孔16处固定有橡胶环14,橡胶环14的中心孔7与纤支镜插孔16相重叠,橡胶环14上连接有橡胶塞15,该橡胶塞15可将橡胶环的中心孔7堵塞封闭。
还包括密闭的消毒箱11,消毒箱11内设置有隔板4将消毒箱11分隔成第一消毒室12和位于第一消毒室侧面的第二消毒室1,第一消毒室12通过管道10与所述呼气阀9连接,其内设置有紫外线光源5,该紫外线光源5为紫外线灯。第二消毒室1内装有杀菌消毒液,第二消毒室1所在的消毒箱11上设置有负压接口2并安装有减压阀3。消毒箱11内设置有U型管13,U型管13穿插在隔板4上,其入口端位于第一消毒室12内,其出口端位于第二消毒室1内,且该出口端被杀菌消毒液淹没。
对患者进行纤维支气管镜检查时,将面罩6戴在患者面部,并将第二消毒室1所在的消毒箱11上设置的负压接口2与负压源连接,纤维支气管镜通过面罩6上的橡胶环14中心孔7插入患者体内。由于单向进气阀和单向出气阀的作用,氧气只能从吸气阀8进入面罩6内,而患者呼出的带菌气体则只能从呼气阀9进入管道10,通过该管道10进入第一消毒室12,带菌气体在第一消毒室12内进行紫外线杀毒。由于第二消毒室1为负压,在负压作用下,经紫外线杀毒后的气体经U型管13进入第二消毒室1内的杀菌消毒液中进行再次杀毒,之后,经再次杀毒后的气体进入第二消毒室1上部的负压空间,从负压接口2排出。
Claims (3)
1.一种具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置,包括面罩(6),面罩上开设有吸气阀(8)和呼气阀(9),其特征在于:在面罩上还开设有纤支镜插孔(16),吸气阀为单向进气阀,呼气阀为单向出气阀;还包括密闭的消毒箱(11),消毒箱内设置有隔板(4)将消毒箱分隔成第一消毒室(12)和第二消毒室(1),第一消毒室通过管道(10)与所述呼气阀连接,其内设置有紫外线光源(5),第二消毒室内装有杀菌消毒液,第二消毒室所在的消毒箱上设置有负压接口(2);消毒箱内设置有U型管(13),U型管穿插在隔板上,其入口端位于第一消毒室内,其出口端位于第二消毒室内,且该出口端被杀菌消毒液淹没。
2.根据权利要求1所述具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置,其特征在于:在第二消毒室(1)所在的消毒箱(11)上安装有减压阀(3)。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述具有消毒灭菌功能的纤支镜检查辅助装置,其特征在于:在面罩(6)的纤支镜插孔(16)处固定有橡胶环(14),橡胶环的中心孔(7)与纤支镜插孔(16)相重叠,橡胶环上连接有橡胶塞(15),该橡胶塞可将橡胶环的中心孔堵塞封闭。
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