CN109153196A - 用于制造增压空气管的方法 - Google Patents

用于制造增压空气管的方法 Download PDF

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CN109153196A
CN109153196A CN201780029238.9A CN201780029238A CN109153196A CN 109153196 A CN109153196 A CN 109153196A CN 201780029238 A CN201780029238 A CN 201780029238A CN 109153196 A CN109153196 A CN 109153196A
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thermoplastic
mold
fiber
pressurizing air
core
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阿克塞尔·博尔内曼
延斯·居内曼
马丁·海尔
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ContiTech MGW GmbH
Muendener Gummiwerk GmbH
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Muendener Gummiwerk GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/44—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using isostatic pressure, e.g. pressure difference-moulding, vacuum bag-moulding, autoclave-moulding or expanding rubber-moulding
    • B29C70/446—Moulding structures having an axis of symmetry or at least one channel, e.g. tubular structures, frames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/345—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using matched moulds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
    • B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
    • B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
    • B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
    • B29C70/222—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure the structure being shaped to form a three dimensional configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
    • B29C70/465—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating by melting a solid material, e.g. sheets, powders of fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
    • B29K2307/04—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2309/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2303/00 - B29K2307/00, as reinforcement
    • B29K2309/08—Glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/005—Hoses, i.e. flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
    • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于由塑料制造增压空气管的方法。本发明的目的是提供一种制造增压空气管的方法，通过该方法，可以由连续纤维增强塑料(3，4)制成具有均匀壁厚和高精度内轮廓的增压空气管。在该方法中，产生具有作为壁的增强的热塑性基质的增压空气管。热塑性基质的优点在于对加工目的的高度认知以及将由热塑性塑料制成的附加连接和功能元件(例如支架)通过包括焊接方法的方法结合到该部件上的选项的高度认知。

Description

用于制造增压空气管的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种由塑料制造增压空气管的方法。
背景技术
为保证内燃发动机增压空气系统的功能，刚性和柔性导管被用于涡轮增压器、谐振器、增压空气冷却器与发动机入口之间的连接。由于紧凑的发动机设计，这些部件通常具有非常复杂的几何形状，即包括一个或多个曲率角。
几何学要求(内部管状直径)取决于有待输送的空气量，而管的长度取决于发动机空间的构造细节。考虑到热机械应力和化学应力，根据现有技术，刚性导管主要由具有或不具有纤维增强的热塑性塑料通过吹塑成型方法和注塑成型方法生产。用于部件的典型材料是例如聚丙烯(PP)等通用热塑性塑料、例如聚酰胺(PA)等工程热塑性塑料、例如聚苯硫醚(PPS)等高温热塑性塑料、或热塑性弹性体(TPE)。
DE 10 2000 14 110 747披露了例如一种不具有增强纤维的吹塑成型的管。
吹塑成型方法的缺点是由于技术原因造成高比例的废料，主要是在曲率角区域中管内部的不确定表面以及部件横截面上的不均匀壁厚。在半径区域中，结果是材料在内径上积聚并且外径上的壁厚减小。为了满足热机械要求，必须确保增压空气管的所有区域中的最小壁厚(其影响是需要非常高的物资投入)，因此增压空气管的直段中的壁厚出于与工艺相关的原因而部分地高于所需的最小壁厚。
为避免吹塑成型技术的缺点，还存在已知的增压空气管，其中壁由纤维增强塑料构成。DE 10 2012 208 363提出一种增压空气管，该增压空气管具有作为挤出部件的预成型件。然而，增强材料仅在预制件生产之后才适用。
此解决方案需要多阶段制造过程。而且，在挤出中，可用的纤维的选择受到限制，尤其是在纤维长度方面。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种制造增压空气管的方法，通过该方法，可由连续纤维增强塑料制成具有均匀壁厚和高精度内轮廓的增压空气管。
此目的实现在于该方法具有以下步骤
A)使用连续纤维在芯上编织管轮廓，其中这些连续纤维中的至少一些由可热塑性成形的材料构成，
B)将该纤维编织物与该芯一起放入模具中，
C)加热该模具，使得这些热塑性连续纤维熔化，
D)在该模具中施加压力使该模具冷却，
E)从该模具中移除该部件并移除该芯。
此方法产生了一种增压空气管，该增压空气管具有作为壁的增强的热塑性基质。热塑性基质的优点在于对加工目的的高度认知以及将由热塑性塑料制成的附加连接和功能元件(例如支架)通过包括焊接方法的方法结合到该部件上的选项的高度认知。
在本发明的一种改进中，该芯是可压缩的。
芯的可压缩性具有的优点是，即使在一定限度内管形状相对复杂，但芯仍可从成品固化管中移除。
在本发明的一种改进中，编织是通过自动圆形编织机实现的。
自动化机器的使用使管的生产成本更低。
在本发明的一种改进中，这些连续纤维采用混合纱线的形式。
在本发明的一种改进中，混合纱线包括无机增强纤维和热塑性纤维。
在本发明的一种改进中，这些无机增强纤维采用玻璃纤维的形式。
在本发明的一种改进中，混合纱线包括有机增强纤维和热塑性纤维。
在本发明的一种改进中，这些有机增强纤维采用碳纤维的形式。
在本发明的一种改进中，这些热塑性纤维采用聚丙烯纤维的形式。
在本发明的一种改进中，这些热塑性纤维采用聚酰胺纤维的形式。
在本发明的一种改进中，这些热塑性纤维采用聚酯纤维的形式。
由于可选择使用各种各样的纤维进行编织，该方法适用于广泛的用途。
附图说明
具体实施方式
下文中参照附图更详细地说明本发明的实例。图1以示意图形式示出了本发明方法的步骤B)至步骤D)。由连续增强纤维3和热塑性纤维4组成的编织物2此处以可充气软管的形式编织到可压缩的芯1上。为了简化表示，热塑性纤维4此处以波纹形式示出。这并不意味着热塑性纤维4在本发明的方法中实际上是波纹状的。波纹表示仅用于附图中更好地区分。
具有编织物2的芯1插入到可纵向分离的模具5中。模具5可通过本身已知的方法加热，此处未示出。闭合模具5之后，将其加热，其方式为使热塑性纤维4熔化。熔融塑料现在形成基质，该基质中嵌入有增强纤维3。通过在模具5中施加受控压力以及模具5的受控冷却，使基质固化。此处未进一步示出固化基质。打开模具5之后，移除由固化的塑料基质和增强纤维3制成的固化好的管。
现在可以将可充气的芯1清空并通过从固化管中移除而从成品中移除。
附图标记说明
1可压缩的芯
2编织物
3连续增强纤维
4热塑性纤维
5可纵向分离的模具

Claims (11)

1.一种由塑料制造增压空气管的方法，其特征在于，该方法具有以下步骤
A)使用连续纤维(3，4)在芯(1)上编织管轮廓(2)，其中这些连续纤维(4)中的至少一些由可热塑性成形的材料构成，
B)将该纤维编织物(2)与该芯(1)一起放入可加热的模具(5)中，
C)加热该模具(5)，使得这些热塑性连续纤维(4)熔化，
D)在该模具(5)中施加压力使该模具(5)冷却，
E)从该模具(5)中移除该部件(2，3，4)并移除该芯(1)。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，该芯(1)是可压缩的。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，编织是通过自动圆形编织机实现的。
4.如权利要求1、2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，这些连续纤维(3，4)采用混合纱线(3，4)的形式。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，这些混合纱线(3，4)包括无机增强纤维(3)和热塑性纤维(4)。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，这些无机增强纤维(3)采用玻璃纤维的形式。
7.如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，这些混合纱线包括有机增强纤维(3)和热塑性纤维(4)。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，这些有机增强纤维(3)采用碳纤维的形式。
9.如权利要求5或7所述的方法，其特征在于，这些热塑性纤维(4)采用聚丙烯纤维的形式。
10.如权利要求5或7所述的方法，其特征在于，这些热塑性纤维(4)采用聚酰胺纤维的形式。
11.如权利要求5或7所述的方法，其特征在于，这些热塑性纤维(4)采用聚酯纤维的形式。
CN201780029238.9A 2016-05-11 2017-02-27 用于制造增压空气管的方法 Pending CN109153196A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016208116.0A DE102016208116A1 (de) 2016-05-11 2016-05-11 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Ladeluftrohres
DE102016208116.0 2016-05-11
PCT/EP2017/054434 WO2017194217A1 (de) 2016-05-11 2017-02-27 Verfahren zur herstellung eines ladeluftrohres

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EP (1) EP3455060B1 (zh)
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DE (1) DE102016208116A1 (zh)
WO (1) WO2017194217A1 (zh)

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US11208257B2 (en) 2016-06-29 2021-12-28 Trinity Bay Equipment Holdings, LLC Pipe coil skid with side rails and method of use
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JP2019507697A (ja) 2019-03-22
US20190126568A1 (en) 2019-05-02

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