CN109149521A - A kind of over-pressure safety device, motor and its over-voltage protection method - Google Patents
A kind of over-pressure safety device, motor and its over-voltage protection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109149521A CN109149521A CN201810899561.8A CN201810899561A CN109149521A CN 109149521 A CN109149521 A CN 109149521A CN 201810899561 A CN201810899561 A CN 201810899561A CN 109149521 A CN109149521 A CN 109149521A
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- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- protection
- zener diode
- triode
- motor
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/09—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors against over-voltage; against reduction of voltage; against phase interruption
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/0811—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for dc motors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors
- H02H7/0833—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for dynamo-electric motors for electric motors with control arrangements
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of over-pressure safety device, motor and its over-voltage protection method, which includes: sampling unit (102), for sampling the supply voltage of equipment to be protected；Threshold setting unit (104), for sending trigger signal to the switch unit (106) according to the first of setting the protection threshold value, and when the supply voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value；Switch unit (106); for being connected based on the trigger signal; to drag down the input signal at the fault detection end of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected; so that the driving chip is turned off the driving signal exported to the equipment to be protected, realizes the overvoltage protection to the equipment to be protected.The solution of the present invention, can solve can not realize the problem of DC bus overvoltage protection be easy to cause the component damages such as power module for non-programmable driven by Brush-Less DC motor main control chip by software programming, achieve the effect that be hardly damaged component.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electronic circuit technology fields, and in particular to a kind of over-pressure safety device, motor and its overvoltage protection
The over-voltage protection method of method more particularly to a kind of overvoltage crowbar, motor with the circuit and the motor.
Background technique
Efficiency grade is to indicate a kind of other stage division of household electronic products efficiency difference of height, according to national standards phase
Regulation is closed, efficiency is divided into five grades by the Energy Labeling of China at present.With the promotion of efficiency grade, DC brushless motor exists
In all trades and professions using more and more extensive, such as air-conditioning, air purifier.This is just to the performance of DC brushless motor, reliable
Property and cost propose higher requirement.Overcurrent protection, current-limiting protection, rotation-clogging protection, overheat protector, overvoltage protection and under-voltage guarantor
The defencive functions such as shield have become the important indicator for measuring DC brushless motor reliability.Wherein, the over-voltage of DC bus-bar voltage is protected
Shield belongs to one kind of overvoltage protection.When DC bus-bar voltage is more than the voltage range that component can be born, it is easy to cause member
Device failure causes motor to be unable to run, or even causes more serious consequence.
For the DC brushless motor of built-in controller, these defencive functions are realized by controller circuitry.
It is single-chip microcontroller, DSP or other programmable chips for main control chip, over-voltage protecting function is usually by sampling to busbar voltage
Afterwards, sampled signal is given to driving chip, realizes protection mechanism using chip programming.But for non-programmable brush DC
Motor driven main control chip (such as DC brushless motor special chip), can not realize DC bus over-voltage by software programming
Protection.
For programmable driven by Brush-Less DC motor chip, the implementation method of the over-voltage protecting function of motor is usually will
The sampled value of DC bus-bar voltage is given to chip, is handled sampled signal and calculated by programming to realize defencive function,
This method peripheral circuit is simple, is easily achieved.But it is (such as straight for non-programmable driven by Brush-Less DC motor main control chip
Flow brushless motor special chip), DC bus overvoltage protection can not be realized by software programming.
Such as: most of special chip scheme is all to use a main control chip and a power module currently on the market,
The main control chip is pure hardware circuit, can not be programmed.Busbar voltage refers to the DC voltage being added on power module, passes through
The DC voltage is reverse into alternating voltage by power module.Some power modules do not have over-voltage protecting function in the market.When straight
When stream busbar voltage is excessively high, it can be more than the ability to bear of power module, cause module damage.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the foregoing drawbacks, a kind of over-pressure safety device, motor and its overvoltage protection side are provided
Method, to solve to realize using chip programming to direct current in the prior art by being given to driving chip after sampling busbar voltage
The overvoltage protection mechanism of the built-in controller of brushless motor, and for non-programmable driven by Brush-Less DC motor main control chip without
The problem of method realizes DC bus overvoltage protection by software programming, be easy to cause the component damages such as power module, reaches
It is hardly damaged the effect of component.
The present invention provides a kind of over-pressure safety device, comprising: sampling unit, threshold setting unit and switch unit；Wherein,
The sampling unit, for sampling the supply voltage of equipment to be protected；The threshold setting unit, for according to the first of setting
Threshold value is protected, and sends trigger signal to the switch unit when the supply voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value；Institute
Switch unit is stated, for being connected based on the trigger signal, to drag down the fault detection of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected
The input signal at end makes the driving chip turn off the driving signal exported to the equipment to be protected, realizes to described wait protect
Protect the overvoltage protection of equipment.
Optionally, the sampling unit, comprising: sampling resistor；The threshold setting unit, comprising: zener diode；Institute
State switch unit, comprising: triode；Wherein, the sampling resistor is connected to the supply side of the equipment to be protected and described steady
Between the cathode for pressing diode；The anode of the zener diode is connected to the base stage of the triode；The collection of the triode
Electrode is connected to the fault detection end of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected as output end.
Optionally, the sampling unit, further includes: divider resistance；The first end of the divider resistance is connected to described adopt
The common end of sample resistance and the zener diode, the second end ground connection of the divider resistance；Wherein, the threshold setting unit
Trigger signal is sent to the switch unit when the supply voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value, comprising: is adopted described
The sampled voltage of sample resistance be higher than setting the equipment to be protected second protection threshold value and the sampled voltage warp described in
It is described in the case that divider resistance is supplied to zener diode supply voltage after dividing is higher than the first protection threshold value
Zener diode reverse breakdown and so that the voltage between the base stage of the triode and the emitter of the triode is reached described
The situation of the conducting voltage of triode, the trigger signal sent as the zener diode to the triode.
Optionally, the sampling resistor, comprising: a single resistance, or the series resistance of more than two single resistance.
Optionally, further includes: protection location；The protection location, for the threshold setting unit and the switch
Unit carries out current limliting and/or partial pressure protection.
Optionally, the protection location, comprising: protective resistance；Wherein, when the threshold setting unit includes two pole of pressure stabilizing
When pipe, the switch unit include triode, the first end of the protective resistance is respectively connected to the sun of the zener diode
The base stage of pole and the triode, the second end of the protective resistance are connected to the emitter of the triode and ground connection.
Optionally, wherein the equipment to be protected, comprising: the built-in controller of DC brushless motor or other control cores
Piece；The supply voltage, comprising: the supply voltage of the busbar voltage of DC brushless motor or other control chips；And/or institute
State the first protection threshold value, comprising: the breakdown voltage threshold of the zener diode；And/or the driving in the equipment to be protected
The inside at the fault detection end of chip, is additionally provided with pull-up resistor；The pull-up resistor, for by the electricity at the fault detection end
Pressure pull-up setting value.
Match with above-mentioned apparatus, further aspect of the present invention provides a kind of motor, comprising: above-described overvoltage protection dress
It sets.
Match with above-mentioned motor, further aspect of the present invention provides a kind of over-voltage protection method, comprising: single by sampling
Member samples the DC bus-bar voltage of the motor；By threshold setting unit, according to the first of setting the protection threshold value, and in institute
It states and sends trigger signal to the switch unit when DC bus-bar voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value；By switch unit,
It is connected based on the trigger signal, to drag down the input signal at the fault detection end of the driving chip of the motor, makes the drive
Dynamic chip turns off the driving signal exported to the motor, realizes the overvoltage protection to the motor.
Optionally, the sampling unit, comprising: sampling resistor and divider resistance；The threshold setting unit, comprising: steady
Press diode；The switch unit, comprising: triode；Wherein, it is higher than by threshold setting unit in the DC bus-bar voltage
Trigger signal is sent to the switch unit when the first protection threshold value, comprising: high in the sampled voltage of the sampling resistor
Threshold value is protected in the second of the motor of setting and is supplied to after divider resistance partial pressure in the sampled voltage described
The DC bus-bar voltage of zener diode be higher than it is described first protection threshold value in the case where, the zener diode reverse breakdown and
The voltage between the base stage of the triode and the emitter of the triode is set to reach the feelings of the conducting voltage of the triode
Shape, the trigger signal sent as the zener diode to the triode.
Optionally, further includes: by protection location, current limliting is carried out to the threshold setting unit and the switch unit
And/or partial pressure protection.
The solution of the present invention realizes direct current mother by hardware circuit design by being directed to non-programmable special chip
Line overvoltage protection improves the reliability and safety of motor operation so that component is hardly damaged.
Further, the solution of the present invention realizes DC brushless motor bus overvoltage by hardware circuit design and protects function
Can, so that component is hardly damaged, also improve the reliability of motor control panel.
Further, the solution of the present invention builds the DC brushless motor for realizing special chip scheme by hardware circuit
Bus overvoltage defencive function realizes DC brushless motor bus overvoltage defencive function, improves the reliability of motor control panel,
And circuit structure is simple, at low cost.
The solution of the present invention as a result, builds the DC brushless motor mother for realizing special chip scheme by hardware circuit
Line over-voltage protecting function, solution in the prior art can not be by soft for non-programmable driven by Brush-Less DC motor main control chip
The problem of part is programmed to DC bus overvoltage protection and be easy to cause the component damages such as power module, thus, overcome existing
There are component easy to damage in technology, the defect that reliability is low and safety is poor, realization is hardly damaged component, high reliablity and peace
The beneficial effect of good perfection.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, partly becomes from specification
It obtains it is clear that understand through the implementation of the invention.
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of over-pressure safety device of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory schematic diagram of an embodiment of over-pressure safety device of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow diagram of an embodiment of over-voltage protection method of the invention.
In conjunction with attached drawing, appended drawing reference is as follows in the embodiment of the present invention:
102- sampling unit；104- threshold setting unit；106- switch unit.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the specific embodiment of the invention and
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described in corresponding attached drawing.Obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the invention, providing a kind of over-pressure safety device.The one of the device of the invention shown in Figure 1
The structural schematic diagram of embodiment.The over-pressure safety device may include: that sampling unit 102, threshold setting unit 104 and switch are single
Member 106.
In an optional example, the sampling unit 102 can be used for sampling the supply voltage of equipment to be protected.
Wherein, the equipment to be protected may include: the built-in controller of DC brushless motor, or except the direct current without
Other control chips except the built-in controller of brush motor.The supply voltage may include: the bus of DC brushless motor
Voltage, or the supply voltage of other control chips in addition to the built-in controller of the DC brushless motor.
Such as: the bus overvoltage that can be used in DC brushless motor protects circuit, and can be used for other over-voltages and protect
It protects (such as chip supply voltage overvoltage protection etc.), the type selecting to resistance, zener diode in circuit is needed to be matched again
It sets.
Overvoltage protection is carried out by the equipment to be protected to diversified forms as a result, is conducive to promote the over-pressure safety device
Protection flexibility and versatility, and protection reliability is high, applied widely.
In an optional example, the threshold setting unit 104 can be used for according to the first of setting the protection threshold value
(such as breakdown reverse voltage U2 of zener diode D1), and when the supply voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value to described
Switch unit 106 sends trigger signal.
Wherein, the first protection threshold value, may include: the breakdown voltage threshold of the zener diode.
Such as: zener diode is the Primary Component of protection point threshold values setting.With the breakdown reverse voltage of zener diode
As protection threshold values, motor stopping when being higher than protection threshold values, motor is operated normally when lower than protection threshold values.
Such as: in Fig. 2, zener diode D1 determines protection threshold values.
It is as a result, the first protection threshold value with the breakdown voltage threshold of zener diode, it on the one hand can be in supply voltage height
Puncture zener diode reliably when the first protection threshold value, is conducive to promote protection reliability height；It on the other hand can basis
The zener diode with required first protection threshold value is flexibly selected in actual demand, and using flexible is good.
In an optional example, the switch unit 106 can be used for being connected based on the trigger signal, to drag down
The input signal at the fault detection end of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected turns off the driving chip to described to be protected
The driving signal of equipment output, realizes the overvoltage protection to the equipment to be protected.During specifically used, if the power supply is electric
When pressure is not higher than the first protection threshold value, the threshold setting unit 104 and the switch unit 106 are failure to actuate, described
Equipment to be protected operates normally.
Such as: in Fig. 2, driving IC is main control chip, is the power module (function of the built-in controller of such as DC brushless motor
Rate module) 6 road PWM drive signals are provided.
Such as: the defencive function mechanism for driving the FIB_IC of IC is when FIB_IC is high level, and driving IC is worked normally,
6 road pwm pulse signals are exported, motor operates normally；When FIB_IC is low level, driving IC thinks failure, can be automatic
6 road pwm pulse signals are turned off, motor is out of service.
As a result, by the power supply of sampling equipment to be protected, threshold setting unit is made to be higher than setting in the supply voltage
First protection threshold value when to switch unit send trigger signal, and then make switch unit be based on the trigger signal drag down it is to be protected
The input signal at the fault detection end of the driving chip of equipment makes the driving chip turn off the driving letter exported to equipment to be protected
Number, keep equipment to be protected out of service or shut down and realize overvoltage protection, realizes the reliable overvoltage protection of hardware, avoid first device
Part is damaged, and improves equipment to be protected reliability of operation and safety.
Wherein, in the inside at the fault detection end of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected, it is additionally provided with pull-up resistor.Institute
Pull-up resistor is stated, can be used for the voltage at the fault detection end pulling up setting value.
Such as: in Fig. 2, driving IC is the main control chip of DC brushless motor；FIB_IC is a failure of main control chip
Pin is detected, chip interior pulls up 5V supply voltage by a resistance.
Pull-up resistor, Ke Yike are arranged by the inside at the fault detection end of the driving chip in equipment to be protected as a result,
The voltage at fault detection end is pulled up by ground, so that the detection signal at fault detection end be made reliably to be transmitted to driving chip, is had
The reliability and timeliness that overvoltage protection operates are executed conducive to driving chip is promoted based on detection signal.
Optionally, the sampling unit 102 may include: sampling resistor (such as resistance R1).The threshold setting unit
104, it may include: zener diode (such as zener diode D1).The switch unit 106 may include: triode (such as three
Pole pipe Q1).
Such as: in Fig. 2, switching tube Q1 is triode, and work plays on-off action in switch state.
Wherein, the sampling resistor is connected to supply side (the direct current mother of such as DC brushless motor of the equipment to be protected
Line side) and the cathode of the zener diode between.The anode of the zener diode is connected to the base stage of the triode.Institute
The collector of triode is stated as output end, is connected to the fault detection end of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected.Described three
The emitter of pole pipe is grounded.
Being equipped with by sampling resistor, zener diode and triode as a result, realizes the over-voltage to equipment to be protected
Sampling, detection and protection, protection reliability is high, timeliness is good, and structure is simple, at low cost.
Specifically, the sampling resistor may include: a single resistance, or the series resistance of more than two single resistance.
Such as: in Fig. 2, R1 can be the series connection of multiple resistance.
It forms sampling resistor in several ways as a result, so that the set-up mode of sampling resistor is flexible, multiplicity, is conducive to
Promote the convenience and accuracy of sampling.
Still optionally further, the sampling unit 102 can also include: divider resistance (such as resistance R2).The partial pressure electricity
The first end of resistance is connected to the common end of the sampling resistor Yu the zener diode, the second termination of the divider resistance
Ground.
Such as: in Fig. 2, first resistor R1 is DC bus-bar voltage VDC sampling resistor, second resistance R2 and first resistor R1
Constitute bleeder circuit.
Wherein, the threshold setting unit 104 is opened when the supply voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value to described
It closes unit 106 and sends trigger signal, may include: to be higher than the described of setting in the sampled voltage of the sampling resistor and to be protected set
Standby second protects threshold value and is supplied to the confession of the zener diode after divider resistance partial pressure in the sampled voltage
In the case that piezoelectric voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value, the zener diode reverse breakdown and the base stage for making the triode
Voltage between the emitter of the triode reaches the situation of the conducting voltage of the triode, as two pole of pressure stabilizing
The trigger signal that pipe is sent to the triode.
Such as: in Fig. 2, the protection threshold values that DC bus-bar voltage can be set is U1, the breakdown voltage of zener diode D1
For U2.When VDC is gradually increased, when reaching protection threshold values U1, i.e. VDC≤U1, voltage UR that VDC is obtained after R1 and R2 partial pressure
Reach the breakdown reverse voltage U2 of zener diode D1, i.e. UR≤U2.At this point, D1 reverse breakdown, according to the volt of zener diode
The electric current that peace characteristic can must flow through D1 and R3 is ID, and the voltage UQ between the base stage and emitter of switching tube Q1 reaches the conducting of Q1
Voltage, so that Q1 is connected, FIB_IC is grounded by Q1, and FIB_IC pin is low level, and driving IC turns off the output of 6 road pwm pulses,
Motor stopping realizes the over-voltage protecting function of DC brushless motor with this.
It is sampled as a result, by divider resistance combination sampling resistor, the second protection threshold value can be higher than in sampled voltage
In the case where and sampled voltage partial pressure it is just true in the case where the supply voltage on sampling resistor is higher than the first protection threshold value
Fixed real over-voltage is conducive to the reliability and accuracy that promote sampling, and then promotes the reliability and accuracy of overvoltage protection.
It can also include: protection location in an optional embodiment.
In an optional example, the protection location can be used for the threshold setting unit 104 and the switch
Unit 106 carries out current limliting and/or partial pressure protection, to prevent the threshold setting unit 104 and/or the switch unit 106 from missing
Movement.
The protection such as current limliting, partial pressure is carried out to threshold setting unit, switch unit etc. by protection location as a result, is conducive to
It prevents or avoids threshold setting unit, switch unit etc. to malfunction, and then promote the reliability to equipment to be protected overvoltage protection
And safety.
Optionally, the protection location may include: protective resistance (such as resistance R3).
Such as: in Fig. 2,3rd resistor R3 has partial pressure and metering function.
Wherein, when the threshold setting unit 104 may include zener diode (such as zener diode D1), the switch
When unit 106 may include triode (such as triode Q1), the first end of the protective resistance is respectively connected to the pressure stabilizing two
The base stage of the anode of pole pipe and the triode, the second end of the protective resistance are connected to the emitter of the triode and connect
Ground.
The protection such as current limliting, over-voltage is realized by protective resistance as a result, protects structure simple and the high reliablity of protection, peace
Good perfection.
Through a large amount of verification experimental verification, passed through using technical solution of the present invention by being directed to non-programmable special chip
Hardware circuit design realizes DC bus overvoltage protection, so that component is hardly damaged, improves the reliability of motor operation
And safety.
According to an embodiment of the invention, additionally providing a kind of motor corresponding to over-pressure safety device.The motor can wrap
It includes: above-described over-pressure safety device.
In an optional embodiment, the invention proposes one kind to be directed to pure hardware driving scheme (such as non-programmable core
Piece) busbar voltage over-voltage protecting function；The present invention is just directed to this special chip scheme, is realized by hardware circuit design
DC bus overvoltage protection.To realize DC brushless motor bus overvoltage defencive function by hardware circuit design, improve
The reliability of motor control panel, and circuit structure is simple, at low cost.
In an optional example, the present invention builds the brush DC electricity for realizing special chip scheme by hardware circuit
Machine bus overvoltage defencive function.Wherein, zener diode is the Primary Component of protection point threshold values setting.With the anti-of zener diode
To breakdown voltage as protection threshold values, motor stopping when being higher than protection threshold values, motor is operated normally when lower than protection threshold values.
Optionally, the bus overvoltage protection circuit in DC brushless motor not only can be used in the circuit in the present invention, and
And can be used for other overvoltage protections (such as chip supply voltage overvoltage protection etc.), it needs to the resistance in circuit, pressure stabilizing two
The type selecting of pole pipe is reconfigured.
In an optional specific embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of new hardware circuit over-voltage protection method, under
Face combines Fig. 2 that the realization process of hardware circuit overvoltage protection of the invention is specifically described.
In Fig. 2, first resistor R1 is DC bus-bar voltage VDC sampling resistor, and second resistance R2 and first resistor R1 are constituted
Bleeder circuit.Zener diode D1 determines protection threshold values.3rd resistor R3 has partial pressure and metering function.Switching tube Q1 is three
Pole pipe, work play on-off action in switch state.Drive IC be main control chip, be power module (such as DC brushless motor it is interior
Set the power module of controller) 6 road PWM drive signals are provided.
In Fig. 2, driving IC is the main control chip of DC brushless motor；FIB_IC is that a fault detection of main control chip is drawn
Foot, chip interior pull up 5V supply voltage by a resistance；First resistor R1, second resistance R2, second resistance R3 are electricity
Resistance, wherein R1 can be the series connection of multiple resistance；Q1 is switching tube；D1 is zener diode；VDC is DC brushless motor bus
Voltage.
In an optional specific example, example shown in Figure 2, concrete operating principle of the invention can be described such as
Under:
The defencive function mechanism for driving the FIB_IC of IC is when FIB_IC is high level, and driving IC is worked normally, output 6
Road pwm pulse signal, motor operate normally；When FIB_IC is low level, driving IC thinks failure, can automatically shut down 6
Road pwm pulse signal, motor are out of service.
It is alternatively possible to which the protection threshold values that DC bus-bar voltage is arranged is U1, the breakdown voltage of zener diode D1 is U2.
When the DC bus-bar voltage VDC for being added in DC brushless motor is smaller, VDC does not reach the protection threshold values of setting,
That is VDC < U1.The voltage UR that VDC is obtained after R1 and R2 partial pressure does not reach the breakdown reverse voltage U2 of zener diode D1,
That is UR < U2.At this point, D1 ends, no current flows through on D1 and R3, and UQ is equivalent to ground connection, and UQ does not reach the conducting of switching tube Q1
Voltage, Q1 shutdown.The 5V power supply inside driving IC is connect on FIB_IC pin, FIB_IC is high level, and motor operates normally.
When VDC is gradually increased, when reaching protection threshold values U1, i.e. VDC≤U1, electricity that VDC is obtained after R1 and R2 partial pressure
Pressure UR reaches the breakdown reverse voltage U2, i.e. UR≤U2 of zener diode D1.At this point, D1 reverse breakdown, according to zener diode
C-V characteristic can must to flow through the electric current of D1 and R3 be ID, the voltage UQ between the base stage and emitter of switching tube Q1 reaches Q1's
Conducting voltage, so that Q1 is connected, FIB_IC is grounded by Q1, and FIB_IC pin is low level, and driving IC turns off 6 road pwm pulses
Output, motor stopping realize the over-voltage protecting function of DC brushless motor with this.
Wherein, the change of R1, R2, R3 and D1 type selecting in circuit, can all cause the change of voltage protection threshold values, need root
It is needed according to circuit structure, suitable resistance value and voltage-stabiliser tube type selecting is set.Since there are a certain ranges for the breakdown reverse voltage of D1
Error, by measurement obtain practical voltage of voltage regulation be UR2, by checking that it is corresponding that the C-V characteristic table of D1 obtains voltage UR2
Electric current is ID2.Guarantee that Q1 can stablize conducting, UQ is at least 0.7V, and the choosing value of R3 is R3=0.7/ID2.
In an alternative example, other switching devices that Q1 can choose identical working principle are replaced, and set again
The choosing value of peripheral components is counted, to realize identical on-off action.D1 can choose other zener diodes of identical working principle
Instead of.
The processing and function realized by the motor of the present embodiment essentially correspond to earlier figures 1 to device shown in Fig. 2
Embodiment, principle and example, therefore not detailed place in the description of the present embodiment may refer to mutually speaking on somebody's behalf in previous embodiment
Bright, this will not be repeated here.
Through a large amount of verification experimental verification, using technical solution of the present invention, brush DC is realized by hardware circuit design
Motor bus overvoltage defencive function also improves the reliability of motor control panel so that component is hardly damaged.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a kind of over-voltage protection method corresponding to motor is additionally provided, this hair as shown in Figure 3
The flow diagram of one embodiment of bright method.The over-voltage protection method may include: step S110 to step S130.
At step S110, by sampling unit 102, the DC bus-bar voltage of the motor is sampled.
Wherein, the equipment to be protected may include: the built-in controller of DC brushless motor, or except the direct current without
Other control chips except the built-in controller of brush motor.The supply voltage may include: the bus of DC brushless motor
Voltage, or the supply voltage of other control chips in addition to the built-in controller of the DC brushless motor.
Such as: the bus overvoltage that can be used in DC brushless motor protects circuit, and can be used for other over-voltages and protect
It protects (such as chip supply voltage overvoltage protection etc.), the type selecting to resistance, zener diode in circuit is needed to be matched again
It sets.
Overvoltage protection is carried out by the equipment to be protected to diversified forms as a result, is conducive to promote the over-pressure safety device
Protection flexibility and versatility, and protection reliability is high, applied widely.
At step S120, by threshold setting unit 104, according to the first of setting the protection threshold value (such as zener diode
The breakdown reverse voltage U2 of D1), and when the DC bus-bar voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value to the switch unit
106 send trigger signal.
Wherein, the first protection threshold value, may include: the breakdown voltage threshold of the zener diode.
Such as: zener diode is the Primary Component of protection point threshold values setting.With the breakdown reverse voltage of zener diode
As protection threshold values, motor stopping when being higher than protection threshold values, motor is operated normally when lower than protection threshold values.
Such as: in Fig. 2, zener diode D1 determines protection threshold values.
It is as a result, the first protection threshold value with the breakdown voltage threshold of zener diode, it on the one hand can be in supply voltage height
Puncture zener diode reliably when the first protection threshold value, is conducive to promote protection reliability height；It on the other hand can basis
The zener diode with required first protection threshold value is flexibly selected in actual demand, and using flexible is good.
At step S130, by switch unit 106, be connected based on the trigger signal, to drag down the drive of the motor
The input signal at the fault detection end of dynamic chip, makes the driving chip turn off the driving signal exported to the motor, realizes
To the overvoltage protection of the motor.During specifically used, if the DC bus-bar voltage is not higher than the first protection threshold value
When, the threshold setting unit 104 and the switch unit 106 are failure to actuate, and the motor operates normally.
Such as: in Fig. 2, driving IC is main control chip, is the power module (function of the built-in controller of such as DC brushless motor
Rate module) 6 road PWM drive signals are provided.
Such as: the defencive function mechanism for driving the FIB_IC of IC is when FIB_IC is high level, and driving IC is worked normally,
6 road pwm pulse signals are exported, motor operates normally；When FIB_IC is low level, driving IC thinks failure, can be automatic
6 road pwm pulse signals are turned off, motor is out of service.
As a result, by the power supply of sampling equipment to be protected, threshold setting unit is made to be higher than setting in the supply voltage
First protection threshold value when to switch unit send trigger signal, and then make switch unit be based on the trigger signal drag down it is to be protected
The input signal at the fault detection end of the driving chip of equipment makes the driving chip turn off the driving letter exported to equipment to be protected
Number, keep equipment to be protected out of service or shut down and realize overvoltage protection, realizes the reliable overvoltage protection of hardware, avoid first device
Part is damaged, and improves equipment to be protected reliability of operation and safety.
Wherein, in the inside at the fault detection end of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected, it is additionally provided with pull-up resistor.Institute
Pull-up resistor is stated, can be used for the voltage at the fault detection end pulling up setting value.
Such as: in Fig. 2, driving IC is the main control chip of DC brushless motor；FIB_IC is a failure of main control chip
Pin is detected, chip interior pulls up 5V supply voltage by a resistance.
Pull-up resistor, Ke Yike are arranged by the inside at the fault detection end of the driving chip in equipment to be protected as a result,
The voltage at fault detection end is pulled up by ground, so that the detection signal at fault detection end be made reliably to be transmitted to driving chip, is had
The reliability and timeliness that overvoltage protection operates are executed conducive to driving chip is promoted based on detection signal.
Optionally, the sampling unit 102 may include: sampling resistor (such as resistance R1) and divider resistance (such as resistance
R2).The threshold setting unit 104 may include: zener diode (such as zener diode D1).The switch unit 106,
It may include: triode (such as triode Q1).
Wherein, by threshold setting unit 104 when the DC bus-bar voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value to institute
It states switch unit 106 and sends trigger signal, may include: the sampled voltage in the sampling resistor higher than the motor set
The second protection threshold value and be supplied to the direct current of the zener diode after divider resistance partial pressure in the sampled voltage
In the case that busbar voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value, the zener diode reverse breakdown and the base for making the triode
Voltage between pole and the emitter of the triode reaches the situation of the conducting voltage of the triode, as the pressure stabilizing two
The trigger signal that pole pipe is sent to the triode.
Such as: in Fig. 2, the protection threshold values that DC bus-bar voltage can be set is U1, the breakdown voltage of zener diode D1
For U2.When VDC is gradually increased, when reaching protection threshold values U1, i.e. VDC≤U1, voltage UR that VDC is obtained after R1 and R2 partial pressure
Reach the breakdown reverse voltage U2 of zener diode D1, i.e. UR≤U2.At this point, D1 reverse breakdown, according to the volt of zener diode
The electric current that peace characteristic can must flow through D1 and R3 is ID, and the voltage UQ between the base stage and emitter of switching tube Q1 reaches the conducting of Q1
Voltage, so that Q1 is connected, FIB_IC is grounded by Q1, and FIB_IC pin is low level, and driving IC turns off the output of 6 road pwm pulses,
Motor stopping realizes the over-voltage protecting function of DC brushless motor with this.
It is sampled as a result, by divider resistance combination sampling resistor, the second protection threshold value can be higher than in sampled voltage
In the case where and sampled voltage partial pressure it is just true in the case where the supply voltage on sampling resistor is higher than the first protection threshold value
Fixed real over-voltage is conducive to the reliability and accuracy that promote sampling, and then promotes the reliability and accuracy of overvoltage protection.
It can also include: by protection location, to 104 He of threshold setting unit in an optional embodiment
The switch unit 106 carries out current limliting and/or partial pressure protection, to prevent the threshold setting unit 104 and/or the switch single
Member 106 malfunctions.
The protection such as current limliting, partial pressure is carried out to threshold setting unit, switch unit etc. by protection location as a result, is conducive to
It prevents or avoids threshold setting unit, switch unit etc. to malfunction, and then promote the reliability to equipment to be protected overvoltage protection
And safety.
The processing and function realized by the method for the present embodiment essentially correspond to the embodiment of aforementioned motor, principle and
Example, therefore not detailed place in the description of the present embodiment, may refer to the related description in previous embodiment, do not do herein superfluous
It states.
Through a large amount of verification experimental verification, using the technical solution of the present embodiment, being built by hardware circuit realizes dedicated core
The DC brushless motor bus overvoltage defencive function of piece scheme realizes DC brushless motor bus overvoltage defencive function, improves
The reliability of motor control panel, and circuit structure is simple, at low cost.
To sum up, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the premise of not conflicting, above-mentioned each advantageous manner can be certainly
It combined, be superimposed by ground.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, it is made it is any modification,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of over-pressure safety device characterized by comprising sampling unit (102), threshold setting unit (104) and switch
Unit (106)；Wherein,
The sampling unit (102), for sampling the supply voltage of equipment to be protected；
The threshold setting unit (104), for protecting threshold value according to the first of setting, and in the supply voltage higher than described
Trigger signal is sent to the switch unit (106) when the first protection threshold value；
The switch unit (106), for being connected based on the trigger signal, to drag down the driving chip of the equipment to be protected
Fault detection end input signal, make the driving chip turn off to the equipment to be protected export driving signal, realize
To the overvoltage protection of the equipment to be protected.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sampling unit (102), comprising: sampling resistor；It is described
Threshold setting unit (104), comprising: zener diode；The switch unit (106), comprising: triode；Wherein,
The sampling resistor is connected between the supply side of the equipment to be protected and the cathode of the zener diode；
The anode of the zener diode is connected to the base stage of the triode；The collector of the triode as output end,
It is connected to the fault detection end of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected.
3. the apparatus of claim 2, which is characterized in that the sampling unit (102), further includes: divider resistance；Institute
The first end for stating divider resistance is connected to the common end of the sampling resistor Yu the zener diode, and the of the divider resistance
Two ends ground connection；
Wherein,
The threshold setting unit (104) is when the supply voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value to the switch unit
(106) trigger signal is sent, comprising:
It is higher than the second protection threshold value of the equipment to be protected of setting in the sampled voltage of the sampling resistor and is adopted described
The supply voltage that sample voltage is supplied to the zener diode after divider resistance partial pressure is higher than the first protection threshold value
In the case where, the zener diode reverse breakdown and make between the base stage of the triode and the emitter of the triode
Voltage reaches the situation of the conducting voltage of the triode, the touching sent as the zener diode to the triode
It signals.
4. device according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the sampling resistor, comprising: a single resistance or two
The series resistance of a above single resistance.
5. device described in one of -4 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: protection location；
The protection location, for the threshold setting unit (104) and the switch unit (106) progress current limliting and/or
Partial pressure protection.
6. device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the protection location, comprising: protective resistance；
Wherein,
It is described when the threshold setting unit (104) includes zener diode, the switch unit (106) includes triode
The first end of protective resistance is respectively connected to the anode of the zener diode and the base stage of the triode, the protective resistance
Second end be connected to emitter and the ground connection of the triode.
7. device described in one of -6 according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein,
The equipment to be protected, comprising: the built-in controller of DC brushless motor or other control chips；
The supply voltage, comprising: the supply voltage of the busbar voltage of DC brushless motor or other control chips；
And/or
The first protection threshold value, comprising: the breakdown voltage threshold of the zener diode；
And/or
In the inside at the fault detection end of the driving chip of the equipment to be protected, it is additionally provided with pull-up resistor；The pull-up electricity
Resistance, for the voltage at the fault detection end to be pulled up setting value.
8. a kind of motor characterized by comprising over-pressure safety device as claimed in claim 1.
9. a kind of over-voltage protection method of motor as claimed in claim 8 characterized by comprising
By sampling unit (102), the DC bus-bar voltage of the motor is sampled；
By threshold setting unit (104), according to the first of setting the protection threshold value, and in the DC bus-bar voltage higher than described
Trigger signal is sent to the switch unit (106) when the first protection threshold value；
By switch unit (106), be connected based on the trigger signal, to drag down the fault detection of the driving chip of the motor
The input signal at end makes the driving chip turn off the driving signal exported to the motor, realizes the over-voltage to the motor
Protection.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the sampling unit (102), comprising: sampling resistor and point
Piezoresistance；The threshold setting unit (104), comprising: zener diode；The switch unit (106), comprising: triode；
Wherein,
It is single to the switch when the DC bus-bar voltage is higher than the first protection threshold value by threshold setting unit (104)
First (106) send trigger signal, comprising:
It is higher than the second protection threshold value of the motor of setting in the sampled voltage of the sampling resistor and in the sampled voltage
The DC bus-bar voltage that the zener diode is supplied to after divider resistance partial pressure is higher than the first protection threshold value
In the case of, the zener diode reverse breakdown and make the electricity between the base stage of the triode and the emitter of the triode
Pressure reaches the situation of the conducting voltage of the triode, the triggering sent as the zener diode to the triode
Signal.
11. method according to claim 9 or 10, which is characterized in that further include:
By protection location, current limliting and/or partial pressure are carried out to the threshold setting unit (104) and the switch unit (106)
Protection.
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| CN201810899561.8A CN109149521A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of over-pressure safety device, motor and its over-voltage protection method |
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| CN201810899561.8A CN109149521A (en) | 2018-08-09 | 2018-08-09 | A kind of over-pressure safety device, motor and its over-voltage protection method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110049594A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-07-23 | 欧普照明股份有限公司 | A kind of load overvoltage protection circuit and protection chip |
| CN110416973A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-11-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Motor overvoltages protect circuit, under-voltage protecting circuit, voltage protection circuit and motor |
| CN111431146A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-17 | 无锡雷利电子控制技术有限公司 | Motor overvoltage and overheating protection system and motor and dish washing machine applying same |
| CN111442469A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-24 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Overvoltage protection method, indoor main control board, air conditioner and storage medium |
| CN111509961A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-07 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Over-temperature protection device, variable frequency driver, electrical appliance, method, device and storage medium |
| CN112018743A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Passive Internet of things chip overvoltage protection circuit and implementation method thereof |
| CN113765082A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-07 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Power input protection device, electronic element and electronic equipment |
| CN115599193B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-02-28 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Mainboard protection system and method |
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| CN111442469A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-24 | 美的集团股份有限公司 | Overvoltage protection method, indoor main control board, air conditioner and storage medium |
| CN111431146A (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2020-07-17 | 无锡雷利电子控制技术有限公司 | Motor overvoltage and overheating protection system and motor and dish washing machine applying same |
| CN111431146B (en) * | 2020-05-09 | 2022-04-22 | 无锡雷利电子控制技术有限公司 | Motor overvoltage and overheating protection system and motor and dish washing machine applying same |
| CN111509961A (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-08-07 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Over-temperature protection device, variable frequency driver, electrical appliance, method, device and storage medium |
| CN111509961B (en) * | 2020-05-18 | 2022-08-30 | 广东美的暖通设备有限公司 | Over-temperature protection device, variable frequency driver, electrical appliance, method, device and storage medium |
| CN112018743A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-01 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | Passive Internet of things chip overvoltage protection circuit and implementation method thereof |
| CN113765082A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2021-12-07 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Power input protection device, electronic element and electronic equipment |
| CN113765082B (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2024-02-06 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Power input protection device, electronic element and electronic equipment |
| CN115599193B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-02-28 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Mainboard protection system and method |
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Application publication date: 20190104 |