CN109148916A - A kind of heat drive fuel cell system - Google Patents
A kind of heat drive fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109148916A CN109148916A CN201811029138.9A CN201811029138A CN109148916A CN 109148916 A CN109148916 A CN 109148916A CN 201811029138 A CN201811029138 A CN 201811029138A CN 109148916 A CN109148916 A CN 109148916A
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- heat
- fuel cell
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- drives
- structural unit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to hot pipe technique fields, disclose a kind of heat drive fuel cell system, structural unit and cell of fuel cell are driven including heat, heat drives structural unit and pushes fuel to be transported to cell of fuel cell using outside heat, cell of fuel cell receives and utilizes fuel power generation function, and the fuel delivery outlet that heat drives structural unit is connected with the fueling ports of fuel cell by first pipe.Above-mentioned heat is driven fuel cell system and is supplied by heat drive structural unit using the fuel of the heat drive fuel cell of external environment, the additional energy of additional pump valve structure or consumption is not needed to be arranged for fuel supply, effectively solve the problem that the passive type fuel cell fuel efficiency of supply is low, performance is highly prone to external environment influence and active type fuel cell integral energy efficiency is lower, microminaturization difficulty is big.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to thermal management technology field, in particular to a kind of heat drives fuel cell system.
Background technique
Fuel cell is a kind of device that chemical energy is converted into electric energy, has energy density, energy conversion efficiency
Height, easy to operate, the advantages that environmental pollution is small, with solar energy, wind energy etc. is considered as the important set of the following clean energy resource jointly
It is the research hotspot of new energy field now at part.
It is divided from fuel composition, fuel cell includes the different types such as alcohol fuel battery, hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell；From
Fuel supply mode is divided, and fuel cell includes active type fuel cell and passive type (self-respiration type) fuel cell.No
Congener fuel cell respectively has feature, suitable for different applications.Specifically, active type fuel cell is with higher
The fuel efficiency of supply, thus have higher output performance, and fuel supply by the external world influence it is smaller.However it is active
The structures such as the incidental pump of fuel cell, valve need to consume additional electric energy and volumetric spaces, this makes active type fuel cell
Integral energy efficiency it is lower, and be difficult to by microminaturization.Passive type fuel cell does not need the supplementary structures such as pump, valve, only
It only relies on gravity and diffusion realizes fuel supply, structure is simple, is the preferred option of microminiature fuel cell.However it is passive
The fuel efficiency of supply of formula fuel cell is low, and is highly prone to external environment influence, this makes the defeated of passive type fuel cell
Performance is often poor out.
Therefore, it is necessary to carry out Improvement to the fuel feed system of active type fuel cell, overturns and existing generally adopt
The low reaction activity operation of fuel cells mechanism transported with active pump, valve control methanol fuel, gets rid of the components such as pump, valve and is difficult to collect
At equal limitation to micro fuel cell performance boost.On the other hand, with electronic device and energy resource system constantly to lightweight,
Miniaturization, highly integrated direction are fast-developing, and the heat flow density and temperature in system sharply increase.In general, high temperature meeting
Resistance is caused to increase, the decreasing insulating of transformer, chokes loop material, the variation of solder joint alloy structure, transistor member
The problems such as part fails, has seriously affected the reliability and service life of system and core devices, thus the cooling of device and
The heat management problems of system have become one of the bottleneck problem for restricting electronic device and energy resource system development.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention proposes that a kind of heat drives fuel cell system, drives structure list by heat
Member is supplied using the fuel of the heat drive fuel cell of external environment, does not need that additional pump valve structure or consumption is arranged additionally
Energy supplied for fuel, effectively solve that the passive type fuel cell fuel efficiency of supply is low, performance is highly prone to external environment
Influence and the problem that active type fuel cell integral energy efficiency is lower, microminaturization difficulty is big.
In order to achieve the above technical purposes, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of heat drive fuel cell system, the system include that heat drives structural unit and cell of fuel cell, heat drive structure list
Member pushes fuel to be transported to cell of fuel cell using outside heat, and cell of fuel cell receives and utilize fuel power generation function, and heat is driven
The fuel delivery outlet of structural unit is connected with the fueling ports of fuel cell by first pipe.
Further, heat drives structural unit and absorbs outside heat and convert fuel latent heat of phase change for outside heat to push
Fuel conveying.
Further, heat drives the fueling ports closing of structural unit, and the fuel delivery outlet of fuel cell is open.
Further, it includes one or more evaporation structures that heat, which drives structural unit, and evaporation structure includes loop circuit heat pipe
Circuit or capillary pump loop.
Further, when evaporation structure includes loop circuit heat pipe circuit, loop circuit heat pipe circuit includes: in upper end opening
Empty capsid, evaporator and liquid storage chamber are disposed with inside hollow housing from top to bottom, and evaporator includes being located in hollow housing
The heating surface of portion bottom end, heating tooth and the vaporium being set to above heating surface, the hair being set to above heating tooth and vaporium
Thin sandwich layer, liquid storage chamber include being formed by the top surface of wick layer, the side wall of hollow housing with the cover board being located above hollow housing
Cavity.
Further, heating tooth is parallel and is uniformly distributed on heating surface, and steam conduit is formed between adjacent heating tooth.
Further, the side wall of hollow cavity is fixed in one end of steam conduit, and vaporium is set to the another of steam conduit
One end.
Further, vaporium is provided with first through hole, and first through hole is for exporting gaseous working medium.
Further, cell of fuel cell includes liquid storage chamber, the membrane electrode below liquid storage chamber, and membrane electrode passes through conducting wire
It is connected with control system.
Further, heat drives and is provided with the second pipe between the fuel inlet of structural unit and the fuel outlet of fuel cell
Road, gas-liquid separator is provided on the second pipeline, and the gas vent of gas-liquid separator is open.
Compared to the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effect that
The invention proposes a kind of heat to drive fuel cell system, including heat drives structural unit and cell of fuel cell, and heat is driven
Structural unit pushes fuel to be transported to cell of fuel cell using outside heat, and cell of fuel cell receives and fuel is utilized to send out
Electricity, the fuel delivery outlet that heat drives structural unit are connected with the fueling ports of fuel cell by first pipe.Above-mentioned heat drives combustion
Expect that battery system is driven structural unit by heat and supplied using the fuel of the heat drive fuel cell of external environment, does not need to be arranged
The additional energy of additional pump valve structure or consumption is supplied for fuel, effectively solves the passive type fuel cell fuel efficiency of supply
Low, performance is highly prone to that external environment influences and active type fuel cell integral energy efficiency is lower, microminaturization difficulty is big
The problem of.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that a kind of heat that the embodiment of the present invention proposes drives fuel cell system；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of heat that the embodiment of the present invention proposes drives the structural representation that heat in fuel cell system drives structural unit
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation that a kind of heat that the embodiment of the present invention proposes drives cell of fuel cell in fuel cell system
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram that another heat that the embodiment of the present invention proposes drives fuel cell system；
Wherein: 1, heat drives structural unit；11, heat drives the fuel delivery outlet of structural unit；12, heat drives the fuel of structural unit
Input port；13, loop circuit heat pipe；131, hollow housing；132, evaporator；133, heating surface；134, tooth is heated；135, vaporization chamber；
136, wick layer；137, steam conduit；138, first through hole；139, liquid storage chamber；140, cover board；2, cell of fuel cell；21,
The fuel delivery outlet of cell of fuel cell；22, the fueling ports of cell of fuel cell；23, liquid storage chamber；24, membrane electrode；25,
Conducting wire；26, control system；3, first pipe；4, second pipe；5, gas-liquid separator；51, gas vent.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the terms "and/or", only a kind of incidence relation for describing affiliated partner, indicates may exist
Three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, can indicate: individualism A exists simultaneously A and B, these three situations of individualism B.Separately
Outside, character "/" herein typicallys represent the relationship that forward-backward correlation object is a kind of "or".
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention proposes a kind of heat drive fuel cell system, which includes that heat drives structure list
Member 1 and cell of fuel cell 2, heat drive structural unit 1 and push fuel to transport using outside heat, and the cell of fuel cell 2 connects
The fuel power generation function is received and utilizes, and the heat drives the fuel input of the fuel delivery outlet 11 and the fuel cell of structural unit
Mouth 22 is connected by first pipe 3.
Wherein, heat drives 1 heat of structural unit and drives structural unit absorption outside heat and convert fuel phase transformation for outside heat
Latent heat is to push fuel to convey.Heat drives the typical connection type of structural unit 1 and fuel cell 2 are as follows: heat drives the combustion of structural unit 1
Material delivery outlet 11 is connected with the fueling ports 22 of fuel cell 2 by first pipe 3, and heat drives the fueling ports of structural unit
12 are in closed state, and the fuel delivery outlet 21 of fuel cell is in open state.
Preferably, it includes one or more evaporation structures that heat, which drives structural unit 1, and evaporation structure is returned comprising loop circuit heat pipe
Road or capillary pump loop absorb outside heat and are converted into fuel latent heat of phase change, and then fuel is pushed to transport.
Concrete operating principle are as follows: by taking fuel cell is direct methanol fuel cell as an example, heat drives structural unit 1 and absorbs outside
Heat, and it is converted into the latent heat of phase change of its interior liquid methanol, liquid methanol is heated after mutually becoming methanol steam, and volume is swollen rapidly
It is swollen, and structural unit fuel is driven by heat and is gone out, 11 enter cell of fuel cell 2 by first pipe 3.In cell of fuel cell 2,
Redox reaction generation carbon dioxide occurs for the oxygen in methanol steam and air and water, the water of generation further dissolve more
Methanol steam form methanol solution, avoid methanol from being expelled directly out by the fuel outlet of fuel cell and cause to waste, generation
Carbon dioxide is discharged directly to external environment by fuel-cell fuel outlet 21.
Above-mentioned heat is driven fuel cell system and is transported using the fuel that outside heat directly drives fuel cell, effectively solves
The problem of certainly the passive type fuel cell fuel efficiency of supply is low, performance is highly prone to external environment influence and active type fuel
Battery pump valve structure leads to that system whole efficiency is lower, is difficult to the problem of being miniaturized.
Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, loop circuit heat pipe circuit 13 includes: when evaporation structure includes loop circuit heat pipe circuit 13
The hollow housing 131 of upper end opening is disposed with evaporator 132 and liquid storage chamber 139 inside hollow housing 131 from top to bottom,
Evaporator 132 includes the heating surface 133 positioned at hollow housing inner bottom, be set to the heating tooth 134 of 133 top of heating surface with
Vaporium 135 is set to the wick layer 136 of 135 top of heating tooth 134 and vaporium, and liquid storage chamber 139 includes by wick layer
The cavity that 136 top surface, the side wall of hollow housing 131 are formed with the cover board 140 being located above hollow housing.
Preferably, heating tooth 134 is parallel and is uniformly distributed on heating surface 133, forms steam between adjacent heating tooth 134
Conduit 137.
Preferably, the side wall of hollow cavity is fixed in one end of steam conduit 137, and vaporization chamber 135 is set to steam conduit
The other end.
Preferably, vaporization chamber 135 is provided with first through hole 138, and first through hole 138 is for exporting gaseous working medium.
Specific hot drive process are as follows: the heating surface 133 of 13 structure of external heat source reheat loop heat pipe, heat is via heating surface
133 conduction extremely heating tooth 134, and then reach the contact surface of heating tooth 134 and wick layer 136.Meanwhile in liquid storage chamber 139
Fuel is infiltrated under capillary action inside wick layer 136, and reaches the contact surface of heating tooth 134 and wick layer 136.?
The contact surface of tooth 134 and wick layer 136 is heated, fuel adsorption heat is simultaneously converted into latent heat of phase change, the fuel diffusion after gasification
Steam conduit 137 to heating tooth 134, and flowed out via first through hole.The liquid fuel surface on 136 surface of wick layer
Tension ensures that fuel undergoes phase transition rear one direction and diffuses to steam conduit 137, without reversely diffusing to inside capillary structure.
With the continuous progress of gas-liquid phase transition process, fuel working medium is constantly driven out steam passage holes, is completed fuel and is transported.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, cell of fuel cell 2 has the function of generating electricity using fuel comprising liquid storage chamber
23, the membrane electrode 24 below liquid storage chamber, membrane electrode are connected by conducting wire 25 with control system 26.
Preferably, as shown in figure 4, heat is driven between the fuel inlet 12 of structural unit 1 and the fuel outlet 21 of fuel cell 2
It is provided with the second pipeline 4, gas-liquid separator 5 is provided on the second pipeline 4, the gas vent 51 of gas-liquid separator 5 is open.Work as combustion
React the dilutional hyponatremia of generation in material battery, or heat drive structural unit output methanol steam it is excessive when, react liquid first more than needed
Alcohol or liquid water, which are exported together with the carbon dioxide that reaction generates by fuel-cell fuel, to be exported, and is entered in gas-liquid separator 5.
In gas-liquid separation device 5, the carbon dioxide gas isolated is discharged directly to external environment by gas vent,
Remaining liquid methanol or liquid water enter heat by second pipe 4 and drive the completion one cycle of structural unit 1, drive structure into heat
The liquid methanol or liquid water of unit 1 can continue to undergo phase transition and enter fuel cell under outside heat effect, follow repeatedly
Ring.
To sum up, the invention proposes a kind of heat to drive fuel cell system, including heat drives structural unit and cell of fuel cell,
Heat drives structural unit and pushes fuel to be transported to cell of fuel cell using outside heat, and cell of fuel cell receives and utilizes fuel
Power generation, the fuel delivery outlet that heat drives structural unit are connected with the fueling ports of fuel cell by first pipe.Above-mentioned heat is driven
Fuel cell system is driven structural unit by heat and is supplied using the fuel of the heat drive fuel cell of external environment, does not need to set
It sets the additional energy of additional pump valve structure or consumption to supply for fuel, effectively solves passive type fuel cell fuel supply effect
Rate is low, performance is highly prone to external environment influence and active type fuel cell integral energy efficiency is lower, microminaturization difficulty
Big problem.In addition, converting fuel transport capability for outside heat, and then fuel cell is driven to generate electricity, is a kind of complete
New heat management system mentality of designing and waste-heat power generation thinking.For the fuel cell using high-energy fuel substance, fuel
Cell output, which is greater than, pushes fuel to transport required external hot-fluid power, therefore will realize that output power is greater than input
" power amplification " effect of power.This has broad application prospects for waste-heat power generation.
Through the above description of the embodiments, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that, for description
It is convenienct and succinct, only with the division progress of above-mentioned each functional unit for example, in practical application, can according to need and will be upper
It states function distribution to be completed by different functional units, i.e., the internal structure of device is divided into different functional units, to complete
All or part of function described above.The specific work process of the system, apparatus, and unit of foregoing description, before can referring to
The corresponding process in embodiment of the method is stated, details are not described herein.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of heat drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the system comprises heat to drive structural unit and cell of fuel cell,
The heat drives structural unit and pushes fuel to be transported to the cell of fuel cell using outside heat, and the cell of fuel cell connects
The fuel power generation function is received and utilizes, the fueling ports of fuel delivery outlet and the fuel cell that the heat drives structural unit lead to
First pipe is crossed to be connected.
2. heat as described in claim 1 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the heat drives structural unit and absorbs external heat
It measures and converts fuel latent heat of phase change for the outside heat to push the fuel to convey.
3. heat as described in claim 1 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the heat drives the fuel input of structural unit
The fuel delivery outlet of mouth closing, the fuel cell is open.
4. heat as described in claim 1 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the heat drive structural unit include it is a kind of or
A variety of evaporation structures, the evaporation structure include loop circuit heat pipe circuit or capillary pump loop.
5. heat as claimed in claim 4 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that when the evaporation structure includes loop heat
When tube loop, the loop circuit heat pipe circuit includes: the hollow housing of upper end opening, inside the hollow housing from top to bottom successively
It is provided with evaporator and liquid storage chamber, the evaporator includes the heating surface positioned at the hollow housing inner bottom, is set to institute
Heating tooth and the vaporium above heating surface are stated, the wick layer being set to above the heating tooth and the vaporium is described
Liquid storage chamber includes by the top surface of the wick layer, the side wall of the hollow housing and the cover board being located above the hollow housing
The cavity of formation.
6. heat as claimed in claim 5 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the heating tooth is parallel and is uniformly distributed in
On the heating surface, steam conduit is formed between the adjacent heating tooth.
7. heat as claimed in claim 5 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that institute is fixed in one end of the steam conduit
The side wall of hollow cavity is stated, the vaporium is set to the other end of the steam conduit.
8. heat as claimed in claim 5 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the vaporium is provided with first through hole,
The first through hole is for exporting gaseous working medium.
9. heat as described in claim 1 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the cell of fuel cell includes liquid storage
Chamber, the membrane electrode below the liquid storage chamber, the membrane electrode are connected by conducting wire with control system.
10. heat as claimed in claim 3 drives fuel cell system, which is characterized in that the fuel that the heat drives structural unit enters
It is provided with the second pipeline between mouth and the fuel outlet of the fuel cell, is provided with gas-liquid separator on second pipeline,
The gas vent of the gas-liquid separator is open.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811029138.9A CN109148916B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Thermal drive fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811029138.9A CN109148916B (en) | 2018-09-05 | 2018-09-05 | Thermal drive fuel cell system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109148916A true CN109148916A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
| CN109148916B CN109148916B (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109950594A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of methanol fuel using waste heat driven transports and fuel cell generation |
| CN111029598A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-04-17 | 东北大学 | Closed microfluid fuel cell system driven by thermal capillary force |
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| EP1361193A1 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2003-11-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel reforming system |
| CN1725947A (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2006-01-25 | 华中科技大学 | Plane capillary core evaporimeter with fin for CPL |
| CN101311662A (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-26 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Flat type evaporator radiation system |
| US7504169B2 (en) * | 2003-05-28 | 2009-03-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel cell device |
| CN203941971U (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-11-12 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of steam supply passive direct methanol fuel cell of catalytic combustion heat supply |
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2018
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1361193A1 (en) * | 2002-05-08 | 2003-11-12 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel reforming system |
| US7504169B2 (en) * | 2003-05-28 | 2009-03-17 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fuel cell device |
| CN1725947A (en) * | 2005-07-18 | 2006-01-25 | 华中科技大学 | Plane capillary core evaporimeter with fin for CPL |
| CN101311662A (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2008-11-26 | 财团法人工业技术研究院 | Flat type evaporator radiation system |
| CN203941971U (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-11-12 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of steam supply passive direct methanol fuel cell of catalytic combustion heat supply |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109950594A (en) * | 2019-04-22 | 2019-06-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of methanol fuel using waste heat driven transports and fuel cell generation |
| CN111029598A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-04-17 | 东北大学 | Closed microfluid fuel cell system driven by thermal capillary force |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109148916B (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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