CN109145453A - Complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method - Google Patents
Complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method, complex characteristic structural member is the stack layer direction of growth and upper surface of base plate normal direction structural member at an acute angle, and step, which is specifically included that, accumulates complex characteristic structural member using the method for posture of welding torch variation；Measure temperature variation curve on substrate；Thermal field, which is established, based on broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source calculates finite element model；After calculating, extract temperature variation curve on substrate, it is compared with observed temperature change curve, verify the correctness of finite element model, complete the calculating of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field, the finite element model for calculating complex characteristic structural member thermal field is established the present invention is based on broad sense double stripping mechanism, realize the accurate calculating of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field, precondition is provided for stress, deformation distribution, optimization complex characteristic structural member technological parameter during prediction complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric arc increases material manufacturing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing
Thermal field calculation method.
Background technique
In numerous increases material manufacturing technologies, concern of the electric arc increases material manufacturing technology recent decades by many scholars, reason
It is essentially consisted in the advantages that packing efficiency height, silk material utilization rate is high, and equipment cost is low, and flexibility degree is high, is suitable for
The structural member with complex geometry feature is produced in the shorter production cycle.Complex characteristic structural member refers in forming process
The direction of growth and substrate structural member at an acute angle of stack layer, have a wide range of application in the industrial production, and practical value is high.However
The thermal process that complex structural member is undergone during electric arc increasing material manufacturing is complicated, easily deforms after forming and even cracks.Therefore,
In order to preferably control the forming quality of this complex component, obtain heat distribution situation in its manufacturing process very it is necessary to.
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing process is related to the interaction of multiple physical fields, using traditional test and Analytical Solution method
It is difficult to obtain accurate heterogeneity phantom, and electric arc increasing material manufacturing can be then effectively predicted in the numerical computation method based on finite element software
The distribution of process thermal field.Currently, the domestic research rarely having about complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing process thermal field.Through existing
There is literature search discovery, Chinese Patent Application No.: a kind of 201710167587.9 entitled " electric arc increasing material manufacturing finite element modeling sides
Method " provides a kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing finite element modeling method, and this method is established by simulation arc shape and droplet shape
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing finite element geometrical model, and models for temperature field is corrected, however the modeling method can not be to complexity
Feature structure part thermal field is calculated.A kind of Chinese Patent Application No.: 201710038712.6 entitled " thin-wall member electric arc silk fillings
Increasing material manufacturing temperature field prediction method " provides a kind of method in calculating thin-wall member electric arc silk filling increasing material manufacturing temperature field, should
Method establishes the finite element model of prediction thin-walled workpiece thermo parameters method, and tests process using passive vision system detection
Pool finite element model is finely tuned referring to test result, equally using thermocouple measurement thermal cycling curve
Ground, this method are only used for predicting simple straight wall part thermo parameters method, it is impossible to be used in calculate complex characteristic structural member thermal field.Cause
This, it is urgent to provide a kind of methods for calculating complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field, this is to promotion electric arc increasing material manufacturing
The application of technology in the industrial production has important practical significance.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve heterogeneity phantoms during complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing to be difficult to count
The problem of calculation provides a kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing process thermal field calculation method, the complex characteristic knot
Component structural member at an acute angle between the stack layer direction of growth and upper surface of base plate normal direction.
For achieving the above object, technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method, the complex characteristic structural member are accumulation
Structural member at an acute angle between the layer direction of growth and upper surface of base plate normal direction, it is characterised in that sequentially include the following steps:
Step 1: accumulation complex characteristic structural member: banking process is carried out in substrate surface, and welding gun is perpendicular to stacked direction
Plane in projection and the angle of upper surface of base plate normal direction be β, 0 ° < β≤78 °, the folder of welding gun axis and stacked direction
Angle is λ, and the value range of λ is 90 ° -150 °, and before accumulation starts, mobile welding gun simultaneously guarantees: welding gun axis and upper surface of base plate
The distance of intersection point and torch nozzle end is D, and the present invention provides the accumulation scheme of following two complex characteristic structural member；
If a) complex characteristic structural member is multilayer single track: ignite electric arc, and welding gun is moved along first layer accumulation path, complete
At the accumulation of first layer, welding gun is then raised into h along its axis direction, carries out the accumulation of the second layer, h is the length along axis,
It repeats the above process until accumulation terminates, the point in banking process to upper surface of base plate close to first layer carries out thermometric, records and surveys
Potential temperature is set and temperature-measuring results；
If b) complex characteristic structural member is multilayer multiple tracks: ignite electric arc, and welding gun is along first of accumulation path of first layer
Mobile, after completing first of first layer of accumulation, transverse shifting welding gun guarantees first layer second accumulation path and first layer the
The spacing in accumulation path is S together1, S1Value range be 3.5-8.5mm, then welding gun along first layer second accumulate road
Diameter is mobile, repeats the above process, and continues to accumulate first layer third road, the 4th, until first layer accumulation terminates, the second layer is all
Road is accumulated relative to all accumulation road entirety lateral shift S of first layer2, S2=Htan β, H are that first layer accumulates layer height, 0mm
<S2Welding gun is first raised h along its axial direction by≤11mm, then transverse translation is moved to first of accumulation path starting point of the second layer
After the completion of dynamic, first of the second layer of accumulation is carried out；After first of second layer accumulation, transverse shifting welding gun guarantees second
The spacing in layer second accumulation path and first of second layer accumulation path is S1, then welding gun accumulates road along second layer second
Diameter is mobile, is continued to accumulate second layer third road, the 4th with same method, until second layer accumulation terminates；Repeat above-mentioned mistake
Journey completes the accumulation of rest layers；Point in banking process to upper surface of base plate close to first of first layer carries out thermometric, and record is surveyed
Potential temperature is set and temperature-measuring results；
It is to reduce the arc force vertical component for acting on accumulation road molten bath that λ, which takes 90 ° -150 °,.If λ is less than 90 °, electric arc
Power horizontal component and stacked direction are unfavorable for shaping on the contrary, hinder liquid reflux in molten bath；If λ is greater than 150 °, arc force water
The amount of dividing equally is too big, will lead to droplet transfer difficulty.
S1Value range is that 3.5-8.5mm is to obtain smooth accumulation layer surface.Work as S1Less than 3.5mm, adjacent accumulation
Road overlapping area is excessive, and accumulation layer surface easily forms protrusion, and with the accumulation in subsequent accumulation road, protrusion will constantly accumulate, and works as S1
Greater than 8.5mm, adjacent accumulation road overlapping area is too small, and accumulation layer surface can generate pit.
Step 2: the finite element model for calculating thermal field is established: to complex characteristic structural member and substrate in finite element software
It carries out Geometric Modeling and generates grid；The thermo-physical performance parameters of setting structure part and baseplate material are determined per accumulation together
Direction and filling region, and primary condition and heat dissipation boundary condition are set；
Step 3: select broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source as simulation complex characteristic structural member banking process heat source model,
Preceding semielliptical and rear semielliptical heat flux distribution formula are respectively as follows:
In above-mentioned formula, Q is heat input, and Q=η UI, η are heat source efficiency, and U is arc voltage, and I is electric current, ffWith frRespectively
Heat breadth coefficient for heat input in front and back semielliptical, a, b, c are heat source form parameter, and wherein a is ellipsoid half-breadth, and b is ellipse
Ball depth, cfWith crRespectively front and back ellipsoid Semi is long, and θ, γ, λ are respectively the folder of welding gun axis Yu reference frame X, Y, Z axis
Angle；
Step 4: broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source program is write: to realize that heat source in the movement in different accumulation roads, is become by coordinate
It changes formula and guarantees that coordinate origin is overlapped with accumulation road starting point, Z axis positive direction is consistent with stacked direction, then by welding gun axis
The broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source heat flux distribution formula in step 3, heat source programming are substituted into angle formed by each reference axis
After the completion, it generates and drives external calculation document；
Step 5: completing the calculating of complex characteristic structural member thermal field, verifies the correctness of finite element model: setting per pass heap
The calculating time step and boundary loading condition in product road read heat source and drive external calculation document, finally submit Study document, count
After the completion of calculation, the temperature variation curve of substrate surface and experiment measurement identical point is extracted, the temperature variation curve obtained will be calculated
It is fitted with the data for testing acquisition in step 1, verifies the correctness of finite element model, if error of fitting is greater than preset value,
Then heat source form parameter is adjusted, until error of fitting is less than preset value.
It is preferred that: in step 1, for different stack layers, throwing of the welding gun in the plane perpendicular to stacked direction
Shadow and the angle β value of upper surface of base plate normal direction are different.
It is preferred that, for different accumulation roads, the included angle X value of welding gun axis and stacked direction is in step 1
Different.
It is preferred that in step 1 welding gun axis and upper surface of base plate intersection point and torch nozzle end distance D
Value range be 8-18mm.It is to be easy to produce splashing at arc Starting Arc because when D is too small, influence heap that D, which is set to 8-18mm,
The stability of product process then will affect protective effect of the protection air-flow to electric arc when D is excessive.
It is preferred that the heat source program in step 4 is write with Fortran language, text is calculated outside the driving of generation
Part format is .f.
Compared with prior art, the method for the present invention has the advantages that
(1) the method for the present invention provides effective method to calculate complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field.It opens
The broad sense double stripping mechanism program suitable for calculating complex characteristic structural member banking process heterogeneity phantom has been sent out, it can be to complexity
Feature structure part electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field is accurately calculated.
(2) the method for the present invention calculates complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field using finite element method, effectively saves
About cost, avoids the wasting of resources.
(3) the method for the present invention is stress, deformation distribution during prediction complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing in the future,
Optimization complex characteristic structural member technological parameter provides precondition.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for calculating electric arc increasing material manufacturing complex characteristic structural member thermal field.
Fig. 2 is multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing process posture of welding torch schematic diagram；Wherein (a) is weldering
Perspective view of the rifle in the plane perpendicular to stacked direction is (b) the relative position schematic diagram of welding gun and stacked direction.
Fig. 3 is multilayer multiple tracks complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the geometric dimension schematic diagram of multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member.
Fig. 5 is the grid dividing figure of multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member geometrical model.
Fig. 6 is the flow chart for writing broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source program.
Fig. 7 be multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member calculate temperature variation curve compared with actual measurement profile figure.
Fig. 8 is the calculated result figure of multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member thermal field.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate embodiments of the present invention below by way of specific specific example, those skilled in the art can be by this specification
Other advantages and efficacy of the present invention can be easily understood for disclosed content.The present invention can also pass through in addition different specific realities
The mode of applying is embodied or practiced, the various details in this specification can also based on different viewpoints and application, without departing from
Various modifications or alterations are carried out under spirit of the invention.
With reference to the accompanying drawing with multilayer single track, multilayer multiple tracks complex characteristic structural member preferably to the present invention make into
The detailed description of one step, but do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Substrate in embodiment 1 is long 200mm, and the Q235 steel plate of wide 110mm, high 12mm, filling silk material is H08Mn2Si.
Complex characteristic structural member is ten layers of structure of single track, every road length 150mm.As shown in figure 4, complex characteristic structural member and upper surface of base plate
Maximum distance is 14mm.Stack layer is in uneven thickness, minimum thickness 7mm, maximum gauge 7.8mm.
Calculating multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field method key step provided in this embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, including following components:
Step 1: accumulation multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member: banking process carries out on the surface of the substrate, as shown in Fig. 2,
X-direction is perpendicular to the stacked direction in accumulation road, and Y-direction is upper surface of base plate normal direction, and Z-direction is stacked direction, and welding gun exists
Angle β perpendicular to projection and upper surface of base plate normal direction in the plane of stacked direction is 45 °, axis and stacked direction
Included angle X be 90 °, accumulation mobile welding gun before starting guarantees torch nozzle end to welding gun axis and upper surface of base plate intersection point
Distance is 8mm.
Posture of welding torch starts to accumulate after adjusting, specific process parameter such as table 1.Welding gun is moved along first layer accumulation path
It is dynamic, complete the accumulation of first layer.Then welding gun is raised into 1.5mm along its axis direction, carries out the accumulation of the second layer, repeated above-mentioned
Process is until the tenth layer heap product terminates.Thermocouple is fixed on upper surface of base plate against first layer at arcing point 12.5mm,
Obtain the temperature variation curve of the point.
1 build up process parameter of table
| Technological parameter | Voltage | Electric current | Stackeding speed | Protective gas | Throughput |
| Numerical value | 19V | 150A | 5mm/s | 95%Ar+5%CO2 | 18L/min |
Step 2: it establishes the finite element model for calculating thermal field: establishing substrate and multilayer in MSC.Marc finite element software
The geometrical model of single track complex characteristic structural member.Substrate is consistent with experimental result with structural member geometric parameter.Such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, model is divided using eight node hexahedral elements, and grid remoter from accumulation center is more sparse, on stack layer and substrate away from
From accumulation center, most nearby grid is minimum, about 0.5-1.6mm.Model total node number is 22334 after division, total unit number
It is 18100.
The materials thermophysics parameter of substrate and structural member is set in Material Properties pre-processing module,
Middle fusing point is 1425 DEG C, and density is 7.8 × 103g/mm3, Poisson's ratio 0.28, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity value variation with temperature
And change, respectively as shown in table 2, table 3.In Modeling Tools pre-processing module set per together stacked direction and
Filling region, accumulation road finite element unit are all killed before accumulation starts, and accumulation is gradually activated after starting.
2 specific heat capacity of table
3 thermal conductivity of table
25 DEG C are set by node initial temperatures all on model in Initial Conditions pre-processing module.Base
Plate and multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member are mainly with convection current and radiation two ways heat dissipation, in Boundary Conditions
It is middle to set composite radiating coefficient for heat dissipation boundary condition:
In above-mentioned formula, α is composite radiating coefficient, εemFor surface emissivity, σbolFor Boltzmann constant, T is temperature
Spend variable, TambFor environment temperature, αconFor heat loss through convection coefficient；
Step 3: select broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source as the heat source of simulation multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member banking process
Model: its preceding semielliptical and rear semielliptical heat flux distribution formula are respectively as follows:
In above-mentioned formula, Q is heat input, and Q=η UI, η are heat source efficiency, and U is arc voltage, and I is electric current, ffWith frRespectively
Heat breadth coefficient for heat input in front and back semielliptical, a, b, c are heat source form parameter, and wherein a is ellipsoid half-breadth, and b is ellipse
Ball depth, cfWith crRespectively front and back ellipsoid Semi is long, and θ, γ, λ are respectively the folder of welding gun axis Yu reference frame X, Y, Z axis
Angle；Heat-Source Parameters value is as shown in table 4 in finite element analysis.
4 Heat-Source Parameters of table
| Heat-Source Parameters | Q(kW) | η | a(mm) | b(mm) | cf(mm) | cr(mm) | θ | γ | λ |
| Numerical value | 320 | 0.85 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 7.5 | 45° | 45° | 90° |
Step 4: broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source program is write: as shown in fig. 6, using in Microsoft Visual 2010
Fortran language writes broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source program, and constants, the definition such as input heat source form parameter, stackeding speed first follows
Ring number, time variable are become if time variable within the accumulation time, extracts current accumulation road starting point coordinate using coordinate
It changes formula and guarantees that coordinate origin is overlapped with accumulation road starting point, Z axis positive direction is consistent with stacked direction, will weldering after converting
Angle formed by gun axis line and each reference axis substitutes into the broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source heat flux distribution formula in step 3, heat source journey
After the completion of sequence is write, generates and drive external calculation document .f.
Step 5: the calculating of multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member thermal field is completed, the correctness of finite element model is verified: is every
Layer heap lamination includes heating, cooling two stages, and the time step in each stage is set in Loadcases analysis module and is needed
Boundary condition to be loaded, cooling stage is without loading heat source.Work is created in Jobs analysis module, passes through user's favorite subroutine
It reads heat source and drives external calculation document .f, finally submit Study document.After the completion of calculating, be calculated and step 1 is extracted
The temperature variation curve of middle experiment measurement identical point, two groups of data are fitted, if error of fitting is greater than preset value, to heat
Source form parameter is adjusted, until error of fitting is less than preset value, final fitting result is as shown in fig. 7, finite element model
Correctness is verified.Fig. 8 is the thermal field figure of multilayer single track complex characteristic structural member when heat source is located at the tenth layer of terminal.
Embodiment 2
Substrate in embodiment 2 is long 200mm, and the Q235 steel plate of wide 110mm, high 12mm, filling silk material is H08Mn2Si.
Complex characteristic structural member is four three-deckers, every road length 150mm.
Calculating multilayer multiple tracks complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field method provided in this embodiment mainly includes
Following components:
Step 1: accumulation multilayer multiple tracks complex characteristic structural member: banking process substrate surface carry out, welding gun perpendicular to
The angle of projection and upper surface of base plate normal direction in the plane of stacked direction is β, and β value range is 0 ° -78 °, welding gun axis
The angle of line and stacked direction is λ, and the value range of λ is 90 ° -150 °, and before accumulation starts, mobile welding gun simultaneously guarantees: welding gun axis
Line is D at a distance from the intersection point of upper surface of base plate and torch nozzle end.
Posture of welding torch ignites electric arc after adjusting, and welding gun is moved along first of accumulation path of first layer, completes first
After the accumulation that first of layer, transverse shifting welding gun guarantees first layer second accumulation path and first of accumulation path of first layer
Spacing be S1, S1Value range be 3.5-8.5mm, then welding gun along first layer second accumulation path move, in repetition
State process, continue accumulate first layer third road, the 4th, until first layer accumulation terminate, all accumulation roads of the second layer relative to
All accumulation road entirety lateral shift S of first layer2, S2=Htan β, H are that first layer accumulates layer height, 0mm < S2≤ 11mm, will
Welding gun first raises h along its axial direction, then transverse translation is to first of accumulation path starting point of the second layer, after the completion of moving, into
The accumulation that first of the row second layer；After first of second layer accumulation, transverse shifting welding gun guarantees the accumulation of second layer second
The spacing in path and first of second layer accumulation path is S1, then welding gun is moved along second layer second accumulation path, with same
The method of sample continues to accumulate second layer third road, the 4th, until second layer accumulation terminates；It repeats the above process, completes remaining
The accumulation of layer；Thermometric is carried out at arcing point 12.5mm against first of first layer to upper surface of base plate in banking process；
Step 2: the finite element model for calculating thermal field is established: to multilayer multiple tracks complex characteristic structure in finite element software
Part and substrate carry out Geometric Modeling and generate grid；The materials thermophysics performance parameter of setting structure part and substrate, determines each
The stacked direction and filling region in road, and primary condition and heat dissipation boundary condition are set；
Step 3: select broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source as the heat source of simulation multilayer multiple tracks complex characteristic structural member banking process
Model, preceding semielliptical and rear semielliptical heat flux distribution formula are respectively as follows:
In above-mentioned formula, Q is heat input, and Q=η UI, η are heat source efficiency, and U is arc voltage, and I is electric current, ffWith frRespectively
Heat breadth coefficient for heat input in front and back semielliptical, a, b, c are heat source form parameter, and wherein a is ellipsoid half-breadth, and b is ellipse
Ball depth, cfWith crRespectively front and back ellipsoid Semi is long, and θ, γ, λ are respectively the folder of welding gun axis Yu reference frame X, Y, Z axis
Angle；
Step 4: broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source program is write: to realize that heat source in the movement in different accumulation roads, is become by coordinate
It changes formula and guarantees that coordinate origin is overlapped with accumulation road starting point, Z axis positive direction is consistent with stacked direction, then by welding gun axis
The broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source heat flux distribution formula in step 3, heat source programming are substituted into angle formed by each reference axis
After the completion, it generates and drives external calculation document；
Step 5: the calculating of multilayer multiple tracks complex characteristic structural member thermal field is completed, the correctness of finite element model is verified: setting
Determine calculating time step and boundary loading condition that per pass accumulates road, reads heat source and drive external calculation document, finally submission point
File is analysed, after the completion of calculating, the temperature variation curve of substrate surface and experiment measurement identical point is extracted, the temperature obtained will be calculated
The data that acquisition is tested in change curve and step 1 are fitted, and verify the correctness of finite element model, if error of fitting is big,
Then heat source form parameter is adjusted, until error of fitting is less than preset value.
Preferably, for different stack layers, projection and upper surface of base plate of the welding gun in the plane perpendicular to stacked direction
The angle β value of normal direction is different.
Preferably, for different accumulation roads, the included angle X value of welding gun axis and stacked direction is different.
Preferably, welding gun axis and the intersection point of upper surface of base plate and the value of torch nozzle end distance D in step 1
Range is 8-18mm.It is to be easy to produce splashing at arc Starting Arc because when D is too small, influence banking process that D, which is set to 8-18mm,
Stability then will affect protective effect of the protection air-flow to electric arc when D is excessive.
Preferably, the heat source program in step 4 is write with Fortran language, calculation document format outside the driving of generation
For .f.
The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe
The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, all those of ordinary skill in the art are completed without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention
All equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method, the complex characteristic structural member is stack layer
Structural member at an acute angle between the direction of growth and upper surface of base plate normal direction, it is characterised in that sequentially include the following steps:
Step 1: accumulation complex characteristic structural member: banking process is carried out in substrate surface, and welding gun is perpendicular to the flat of stacked direction
The angle of projection in face and upper surface of base plate normal direction is β, and 0 ° < β≤78 °, the angle of welding gun axis and stacked direction is
The value range of λ, λ are 90 ° -150 °, and before accumulation starts, mobile welding gun simultaneously guarantees: the intersection point of welding gun axis and upper surface of base plate,
Distance with torch nozzle end is D, and the present invention provides the accumulation scheme of following two complex characteristic structural member；
If a) complex characteristic structural member is multilayer single track: ignite electric arc, and welding gun is moved along first layer accumulation path, completes the
Then welding gun is raised h along its axis direction by one layer of accumulation, carry out the accumulation of the second layer, and h is the length along axis, is repeated
For the above process until accumulation terminates, the point in banking process to upper surface of base plate close to first layer carries out thermometric, records thermometric position
It sets and temperature-measuring results；
If b) complex characteristic structural member is multilayer multiple tracks: ignite electric arc, and welding gun is moved along first of accumulation path of first layer,
After completing first of first layer of accumulation, transverse shifting welding gun guarantees first layer second accumulation path and first of first layer
The spacing for accumulating path is S1, S1Value range be 3.5-8.5mm, then welding gun along first layer second accumulation path move
It is dynamic, it repeats the above process, continues to accumulate first layer third road, the 4th, until first layer accumulation terminates, all accumulations of the second layer
Road is relative to all accumulation road entirety lateral shift S of first layer2, S2=Htan β, H are that first layer accumulates layer height, 0mm < S2
Welding gun is first raised h along its axis direction by≤11mm, then transverse translation is to first of accumulation path starting point of the second layer, mobile
After the completion, first of the second layer of accumulation is carried out；After first of second layer accumulation, transverse shifting welding gun guarantees the second layer
It is S that second, which accumulates path and the spacing in first of second layer accumulation path,1, then welding gun accumulates path along second layer second
It is mobile, continued to accumulate second layer third road, the 4th with same method, until second layer accumulation terminates；It repeats the above process,
Complete the accumulation of rest layers；Point in banking process to upper surface of base plate close to first of first layer carries out thermometric, records thermometric
Position and temperature-measuring results；
Step 2: it establishes the finite element model for calculating thermal field: complex characteristic structural member and substrate being carried out in finite element software
Geometric Modeling simultaneously generates grid；The materials thermophysics performance parameter of setting structure part and substrate is determined per stacked direction together
And filling region, and primary condition and heat dissipation boundary condition are set；
Step 3: select broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source as the heat source model of simulation complex characteristic structural member banking process, first half
Ellipsoid and rear semielliptical heat flux distribution formula are respectively as follows:
In above-mentioned formula, Q is heat input, and Q=η UI, η are heat source efficiency, and U is arc voltage, and I is electric current, ffWith frIt is respectively hot
The heat breadth coefficient in front and back semielliptical, a, b are inputted, c is heat source form parameter, and wherein a is ellipsoid half-breadth, and b is that ellipsoid is deep
Degree, cfWith crRespectively front and back ellipsoid Semi is long, and θ, γ, λ are respectively the angle of welding gun axis Yu reference frame X, Y, Z axis；
Step 4: broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source program is write: to realize that heat source in the movement in different accumulation roads, passes through coordinate transform public affairs
Formula guarantees that coordinate origin is overlapped with accumulation road starting point, and Z axis positive direction is consistent with stacked direction, then by welding gun axis and respectively
Angle formed by reference axis substitutes into the broad sense double-ellipsoid heat source heat flux distribution formula in step 3, and heat source programming is completed
Afterwards, it generates and drives external calculation document；
Step 5: completing the calculating of complex characteristic structural member thermal field, verifies the correctness of finite element model: setting per pass accumulation road
Calculating time step and boundary loading condition, read heat source and drive external calculation document, finally submit Study document, have been calculated
Cheng Hou extracts the temperature variation curve of substrate surface and experiment measurement identical point, will calculate the temperature variation curve obtained and step
The data that acquisition is tested in rapid one are fitted, and verify the correctness of finite element model, right if error of fitting is greater than preset value
Heat source form parameter is adjusted, until error of fitting is less than preset value.
2. a kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method according to claim 1, feature exist
In step 1, for different stack layers, projection of the welding gun in the plane perpendicular to stacked direction and upper surface of base plate normal
The angle β value in direction is different.
3. a kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method according to claim 1, feature exist
In step 1, for different accumulation roads, the included angle X value of welding gun axis and stacked direction is different.
4. a kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method according to claim 1, feature exist
Welding gun axis and the intersection point of upper surface of base plate and the value range of torch nozzle end distance D are 8-18mm in step 1.
5. a kind of complex characteristic structural member electric arc increasing material manufacturing thermal field calculation method according to claim 1, feature exist
Heat source program in step 4 is write with Fortran language, and calculation document format is .f outside the driving of generation.
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