CN109142155A - Road interface characteristic test device and method - Google Patents
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- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 28
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004746 geotextile Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011384 asphalt concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of road interface characteristic test devices, interfacial characteristics for testing between each structure sheaf in road surface, the structure sheaf on the road surface includes at least the first structure layer that the road surface is arranged in and the second structure sheaf being arranged under the first structure layer, it is characterized in that, the test device includes, normal force loading unit is arranged on the first structure layer, and applies the normal force vertical with the road surface for the first structure layer；Tangential force loading unit is positioned close to the side of the first structure layer and/or the normal force loading unit, and applies the tangential force parallel with the road surface for the first structure layer and/or the normal force loading unit；Acquisition unit, the strain that force and the normal force loading unit and/or the first structure layer for detecting the normal force loading unit and the tangential force loading unit occur；And computing unit, for obtaining the interfacial characteristics parameter for indicating the interfacial characteristics of the first structure layer and second structure sheaf according to the analysis of data collected of the acquisition unit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to road interface the field of test technology, in particular to a kind of road interface characteristic test device and side
Method.
Background technique
It is also more next to the ride comfort and life requirement on different kinds of roads road surface as the speed-raising of traffic in recent years tool develops
It is higher.The road surface of road is usually the layered structure of direct bearing load by road-making material making on road foundation no matter
It is the non-fragment orbit road surface for high-speed railway, or for the highway pavement of Ordinary Rd, should all there is enough intensity and good
Good stability, to reach smooth, closely knit and antiskid requirement.
Under normal conditions, it before the laying for carrying out road surface, needs to the interfacial characteristics constituted between each structure sheaf in road surface
It is tested, such as coefficient of friction between each structure sheaf etc., to optimize the laying scheme of structure sheaf according to test result.It is existing
In technology between structure sheaf each for road surface interfacial characteristics test be mostly carried out for the purpose of scientific experiment it is small-scale
Indoor test, purpose be mostly theoretically testing scheme can real-time, due to this test mode and actual application
Environment separation comes, and whether accuracy or practicability are all relatively poor.
It is high that therefore, it is necessary to a kind of accuracy, the good road interface characteristic test device of practicability and method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of road interface characteristic test device, and the interface for testing between each structure sheaf in road surface is special
Property, the structure sheaf on the road surface includes at least the first structure layer that the road surface is arranged in and is arranged in the first structure
The second structure sheaf under layer, the test device includes,
Normal force loading unit is arranged on the first structure layer, and for first structure layer application and institute
State the vertical normal force in road surface；
Tangential force loading unit is positioned close to the side of the first structure layer and/or the normal force loading unit,
And apply the tangential force parallel with the road surface for the first structure layer and/or the normal force loading unit；
Acquisition unit, for detecting the force of the normal force loading unit and the tangential force loading unit, Yi Jisuo
State the strain that normal force loading unit and/or the first structure layer occur；And
Computing unit indicates the first structure layer and institute for obtaining according to the analysis of data collected of the acquisition unit
State the interfacial characteristics parameter of the interfacial characteristics of the second structure sheaf.
Preferably, the acquisition unit includes corresponding to the normal force loading unit and the tangential force loading unit
Dynamometer, and the displacement meter on the normal force loading unit and/or on the first structure layer is set.
Preferably, the interfacial characteristics parameter that the computing unit obtains be the tangential force detected according to the dynamometer and
The displacement-force relation curve that the displacement that the displacement meter detects obtains is calculated.
Preferably, the formula of the displacement-force relation curve is:
S=keq·F
Wherein, s is the displacement that the displacement meter detects, F is the tangential force size, and k and q are the first interface spies
Property parameter and second contact surface characterisitic parameter, e be natural constant, wherein by measurement obtain multiple groups s and F fitting obtain k and q.
Preferably, for the road surface structare layer of non-fragment orbit, the normal force loading unit includes at least one push plate.
Preferably, the interfacial characteristics parameter that the computing unit obtains be the normal force detected according to the dynamometer and
Tangential force, and the interface cohesive strength and internal friction angle being calculated in conjunction with shear strength formula, the shear strength formula is:
Wherein, τfIt indicates to calculate the shearing strength obtained according to the tangential force, c indicates cohesive strength, and σ indicates normal force
Power,Internal friction angle is indicated, wherein the multiple groups τ obtained by measurementfIt is fitted with σ and obtains c and φ.
Preferably, for the road surface structare layer of non-fragment orbit, the normal force loading unit includes at least two push plates.
It preferably, further include for the equally distributed balanced unit of tangential force, the balanced unit setting is described tangential
Between power loading unit and the first structure layer, and/or setting adds in the tangential force loading unit with the normal force
Between carrier unit；And the counter-force unit for applying reaction force, the counter-force unit setting are loaded in the tangential force
Unit is far between the first structure layer and/or side of the normal force loading unit.
Preferably, for the road surface structare layer of non-fragment orbit, the tangential force loading unit includes at least one jack.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of road interface characteristic test method is also provided, comprising the following steps:
The stress condition for simulating each structure sheaf in road surface to be measured, the corresponding construction layer application for the road surface to be measured are adjustable
Normal force and adjustable tangential force；
It records the normal force and the tangential force that each structure sheaf is subject to, and in the normal force and described cuts
The displacement generated under the action of to power；
The relation curve for drawing the normal force and/or tangential force and/or displacement, according to relation curve analysis
Interfacial characteristics between corresponding construction layer in road surface to be measured.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention achieves following advantageous effects: test device provided by the invention and side
Method applies active force to each layer of pavement structure to be measured by using normal force loading unit and tangential force loading unit, simulates road
The true stress condition of road interface when in use improves measuring accuracy so that test condition be made to be more in line with road application reality；
Size, direction and the cloth of normal force loading unit and tangential force loading unit can also be adjusted according to specific test object simultaneously
Seated position improves measurement flexibility；For on the whole, test device and method provided by the invention, structure is simple, operation spirit
It is living, it is widely applicable and practical, it can be used for the interfacial characteristics test of the various roads pavement structure including non-fragment orbit,
To instruct the laying of pavement of road lattice structure sheaf, optimize laying scheme.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram using test device provided by the invention test non-fragment orbit interfacial characteristics.
Fig. 2 is displacement-loading force relation curve that test result according to the preferred embodiment of the invention is drawn out.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, pass through below in conjunction with attached drawing specific real
Applying example, the present invention is described in more detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention,
It is not intended to limit the present invention.
Pavement structure generally refers to the multilayered structure being made of surface layer, base and bed course etc., for example, high-speed railway without the tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc.
Track pavement structure specifically may include that be made of general filler roadbed ontology (i.e. bed course), the base that is made of graded broken stone,
And the supporting course (i.e. surface layer) being made of concrete material, and may be provided for bearing track on the supporting course
, the base plate being made of armored concrete.For the interfacial characteristics tested between each structure sheaf in road surface, for example, coefficient of friction and
Bonding force etc., the strain that each structure sheaf is occurred under stress condition when can be according to practical application carry out analytical calculation.
Inventor is analyzed by the stress condition of each structure sheaf of road pavement, through many experiments, proposes a kind of road
Interfacial characteristics test device, the device being capable of the simulated vehicle works that each structure sheaf of road pavement applies when road surface is run
Firmly, the strain data occurred under this force by detecting each structure sheaf in road surface, to analyze between offscale structure sheaf
Interfacial characteristics.Below by taking the pavement structure of non-fragment orbit as an example, test device provided by the invention is discussed in detail.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that non-fragment orbit interfacial characteristics are tested using test device provided by the invention, as shown in Figure 1,
The road surface structare layer of known non-fragment orbit includes at least the surface layer being made of bituminous concrete and the base being made of graded broken stone.
Referring to Fig. 1, test device provided by the invention includes: normal force loading unit 1, including is arranged in bituminous concrete
On surface layer, for simulating at least one push plate of unballasted track bed plate, which is poured by armored concrete, available
Self gravity applies normal force to bituminous concrete surface layer；Tangential force loading unit 2, including push plate side is arranged in extremely
A few jack, the jack can be used for applying tangential forces to push plate, simulate bullet train when running on base plate
The centripetal force that base plate and non-fragment orbit pavement structure are applied；Balanced unit 3, including be arranged between push plate and jack
At least one block of I-steel, can make jack pair push plate apply tangential force distribution it is more uniform, to prevent thrust plate because of part
Stress is concentrated to damage；And counter-force unit 4, at least one counter-force pier including jack side is arranged in, for being thousand
Jin top provides support to apply tangential forces to push plate.
In addition, test device provided by the invention further includes the acquisition unit 5 for acquiring each structure sheaf strain data, and
For analyzing the computing unit (not shown in figure 1) for handling above-mentioned strain data, for non-fragment orbit, which can be with
Including the displacement meter in push plate and for acquiring push plate displacement is arranged in and is arranged on jack for measuring jack force
Dynamometer；Computing unit can be analyzed according to the force and push plate displacement data for the push plate self weight, jack that measurement obtains
Interfacial characteristics between push plate and bituminous concrete surface layer.
Using above-mentioned test device execute interfacial characteristics test when, by taking the pavement structure of non-fragment orbit as an example, can according to
Lower step executes measurement.
1) at least one push plate of the bituminous concrete surface layer upper of non-fragment orbit.It wherein, can be according to non-fragment orbit reality
The push plate of one equal proportion of casting of border pedestal board size, or be poured several sizes it is lesser (for example, size be 1m*1m*
1m's) cuboid/square push plate；
2) jack, I-steel and counter-force pier are arranged in the designated position around push plate.It wherein, can will be very heavy
Top and I-steel are sequentially arranged in the side of the push plate on non-fragment orbit, and using road shoulder as counter-force supporting point, close to very heavy
A column counter-force pier is arranged on the position on top；
3) displacement meter and dynamometer are arranged in corresponding position.Wherein, dynamometer is corresponding with jack, and can will survey
Power meter is arranged at push plate two sides and center, and displacement meter is corresponding with push plate and displacement meter can be arranged at the center of push plate
At structural joint；Furthermore it is also possible to displacement measurement be carried out using total station combination reflecting prism auxiliary displacement meter, first by prism
It is put into preset monitoring point, then total station is erected at presetting bit, cooperates selected lateral coordinates initial value as benchmark with prism
Value, to be initialized using a reference value to displacement meter；
4) force of jack pair push plate is loaded by several times using dynamometer, and in real time using displacement meter detection push plate in the power
Under the action of generated change in displacement gradually increase jack and act on and pushes away for example, be unit time with 0.1~0.5 ton
Simulation centripetal force on plate after every increase is primary, keeps applying the power certain time, and the measurement for being conducive to improve displacement meter is smart
Degree；
5) when displacement meter detects that push plate generates mobile for the first time under the action of jack, start recording dynamometer and
The measurement result of displacement meter, while continuing to keep the active state of jack and continuing the force for increasing jack in due order, continue
Record dynamometer and the data measured of displacement meter change with time situation.
It by the above method, can be displaced according to the multiple groups jack loading force and corresponding push plate that measurement obtains, and root
According to formula:
S=keq·F (1)
It obtains under the interface of base plate (i.e. push plate) and the road crust composition of current non-fragment orbit, loading force and displacement
Exponential relationship.
Wherein, s is the displacement that base plate generates；F is loading force size；K and q respectively indicate under current interface loading force with
The first parameter and the second parameter of displacement relation are obtained by measuring obtained multiple groups s and F fitting；E is natural constant.
Using above-mentioned formula (1), the interfacial characteristics between non-fragment orbit different structure layer can be compared, to optimize structure
The laying scheme of layer.In an experiment, inventor is for the structure for corresponding to two pieces of base plates between base plate and surface layer
Interfacial characteristics when being laid with geotextiles at seam are tested, and have obtained the relation curve of displacement-loading force shown in Fig. 2.Such as
Shown in Fig. 2, displacement-loading force relationship can be used following formula to indicate:
s1=0.0723e0.0025·F (2)
s2=0.0087e0.003·F (3)
Wherein, s1For the displacement at base plate center (i.e. without geotextiles between interface)；s2For (i.e. boundary at base plate structural joint
Geotextiles have been laid between face) displacement.
According to the comparison of above-mentioned relation formula (2) and (3) it is found that the mode for being laid with geotextiles between base plate and surface layer is bright
The aobvious interaction reduced between base plate and surface layer, the road crust that can protect non-fragment orbit is without damage, to be nothing
The pavement structure of tiny fragments of stone, coal, etc. track is laid with scheme and provides effective guidance.
In one embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned measuring device can be also used for analysis road surface structare layer shearing resistance it is strong
Degree, by taking the non-fragment orbit pavement structure with bituminous concrete surface layer and graded broken stone base as an example, using at least by two
The normal force loading unit 1 that push plate is constituted achieves that the test for bituminous concrete surface layer, it is preferred that can be using extremely
It is that the normal force loading unit 1 that three push plates are constituted improves measuring accuracy less.
Wherein, the normal pressure applied on bituminous concrete surface layer is the self weight (including counterweight) of push plate, is applied thereon
The tangential pressure added is the tangential loading that jack applies；It is answered it is possible thereby to calculate the normal direction obtained on the bituminous concrete surface layer
Power and tangential stress, i.e., the normal pressure undertaken on unit area and tangential lotus, and then obtained according to shearing formula and measurement
Normal stress and the curve map analysis of tangential stress the bituminous concrete surface layer shearing strength, specific formula is as follows:
Wherein, τfIndicating shearing strength, c indicates cohesive strength, and σ indicates normal pressure,Indicate internal friction angle.
In an experiment, inventor utilizes above-mentioned principle, compared the non-fragment orbit being made of bituminous concrete surface layer
The ballastless track structure layer that structure sheaf and general graded broken stone surface layer are constituted, and by comparison, it was found that, bituminous concrete surface layer
The adhesion strength of upper surface and base plate (i.e. push plate) is about 27kPa, and the bonding than general graded broken stone surface layer and base plate is strong
Degree 7kPa wants high, and adhesive property is more preferable；The adhesion strength of bituminous concrete surface layer lower surface and graded broken stone base
It is close with the adhesion strength of graded broken stone with concrete, it is 7kPa or so.By above-mentioned calculation, road surface can respectively be tied
Interfacial characteristics quantization means between structure layer are more conducive to the laying scheme on guidance optimization road surface.
In one embodiment of the invention, the other structures layer of above-mentioned test device comparison non-fragment orbit can also be utilized
Between interfacial characteristics.It is with the interfacial characteristics tested between the surface layer being made of bituminous concrete and the base of graded broken stone
Example, the main distinction of interfacial characteristics is between above-mentioned testing base plate (i.e. push plate) and surface layer, is executing above-mentioned steps
2) when, need for jack collocation I-steel to be arranged in the side on the surface layer of bituminous concrete composition, to simulate bullet train
When being run on base plate, to the centripetal force of asphalt concrete layer application；Meanwhile executing above-mentioned steps 3) and when step 5),
Record relative displacement and the pitch of base plate (i.e. push plate) and bituminous concrete surface layer simultaneously using total station and displacement meter
The relative displacement of concrete surface layer and graded broken stone base, to analyze the shearing strength and bonding deformation on bituminous concrete surface layer
Situation.
In addition to this it is possible to be compared for the bonding scheme of different surface layers and base, for example, for using drawing
Slot, antiskid nail or binder tie the non-fragment orbit road surface reinforced between bituminous concrete surface layer and graded broken stone base
Structure is tested, and corresponding normal stress and tangential stress is obtained according to test result calculations, in conjunction with coefficient of friction formula f=
σf/τf, wherein σFFor normal stress, τFThe friction between interface corresponding to different laying schemes is calculated separately out for tangential stress
Coefficient, to instruct laying scheme.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of road interface characteristic test method is also provided, this method specifically includes
Following steps:
For pavement structure to be tested, the loading force road pavement of simulated vehicle road pavement applies normal force and tangential
Power；
The displacement that the record each structure sheaf in road surface generates under the action of above-mentioned normal force and tangential force respectively；
Relation curve is drawn according to the size of above-mentioned loading force and corresponding displacement record, and analyzes each structure sheaf in road surface
Between interfacial characteristics.
Compared to existing interfacial characteristics test device and method, test device provided by the invention is combined using real
It is improved using stress condition of the different each structure sheafs in power loading unit simulated roadway road surface under the action of the vehicles on border
Accuracy, flexibility and the practicability of test.
Although in the above-described embodiments, illustrating test provided by the invention using for the pavement structure of non-fragment orbit
Device, but it will be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art that in other embodiments, test device provided by the invention can be also used for
The test of other road surface structare layers, for example, the test of common road road surface structare layer is directed to, due to being not necessarily on common road road surface
The structures such as bearing base plate/track plates, can be with 1 He of normal force loading unit in appropriate adjustment test device provided by the invention
The loading force size and position of tangential force loading unit 2, to simulate the stress for meeting practical Highway Pavement Structures, example
Such as, slope course, bend road or straight way road etc..
Although the present invention has been described by means of preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to described here
Embodiment, without departing from the present invention further include made various changes and variation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of road interface characteristic test device, the interfacial characteristics for testing between each structure sheaf in road surface, the road surface
Structure sheaf includes at least the first structure layer that the road surface is arranged in and be arranged under the first structure layer second
Structure sheaf, which is characterized in that the test device includes,
Normal force loading unit is arranged on the first structure layer, and applies and the road for the first structure floor
The vertical normal force in face；
Tangential force loading unit is positioned close to the side of the first structure layer and/or the normal force loading unit, and needle
The tangential force parallel with the road surface is applied to the first structure layer and/or the normal force loading unit；
Acquisition unit, for detecting the force and the method for the normal force loading unit and the tangential force loading unit
The strain occurred to power loading unit and/or the first structure layer；And
Computing unit indicates the first structure layer and described for obtaining according to the analysis of data collected of the acquisition unit
The interfacial characteristics parameter of the interfacial characteristics of two structure sheafs.
2. test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acquisition unit includes corresponding to the normal force
The dynamometer of loading unit and the tangential force loading unit, and setting are on the normal force loading unit and/or described
Displacement meter on first structure layer.
3. test device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the interfacial characteristics parameter that the computing unit obtains is
The displacement-force relation curve that the displacement that the tangential force and the displacement meter detected according to the dynamometer detects obtains calculates
It obtains.
4. test device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the formula of the displacement-force relation curve is:
S=keq·F
Wherein, s is the displacement that the displacement meter detects, F is the tangential force size, and k and q are the first interfacial characteristics ginsengs
Several and second contact surface characterisitic parameter, e is natural constant, wherein multiple groups s and the F fitting obtained by measurement obtains k and q.
5. test device according to claim 4, which is characterized in that for the road surface structare layer of non-fragment orbit, the method
It include at least one push plate to power loading unit.
6. test device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the interfacial characteristics parameter that the computing unit obtains is
The normal force and tangential force detected according to the dynamometer, and the interface cohesive strength that is calculated in conjunction with shear strength formula and
Internal friction angle, the shear strength formula is:
Wherein, τfIt indicating to calculate the shearing strength obtained according to the tangential force, c indicates cohesive strength, and σ indicates normal direction force,Table
Show internal friction angle, wherein the multiple groups τ obtained by measurementfIt is fitted with σ and obtains c and φ.
7. test device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that for the road surface structare layer of non-fragment orbit, the method
It include at least two push plates to power loading unit.
8. test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include equally distributed balanced single for tangential force
Member, the balanced unit are arranged between the tangential force loading unit and the first structure layer, and/or are arranged described
Between tangential force loading unit and the normal force loading unit；And the counter-force unit for applying reaction force, it is described
The setting of counter-force unit is in the tangential force loading unit far between the first structure layer and/or the normal force loading unit
Side.
9. test device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to cut for the road surface structare layer of non-fragment orbit
It include at least one jack to power loading unit.
10. a kind of road interface characteristic test method, which comprises the following steps:
The stress condition for simulating each structure sheaf in road surface to be measured applies adjustable normal direction for the corresponding construction layer on the road surface to be measured
Power and adjustable tangential force；
The normal force and the tangential force that each structure sheaf is subject to are recorded, and in the normal force and the tangential force
Under the action of the displacement that generates；
The relation curve for drawing the normal force and/or tangential force and/or displacement is analyzed described to be measured according to the relation curve
Interfacial characteristics between the corresponding construction layer of road surface.
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| CN114593989A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-06-07 | 西南交通大学 | Ballastless track cohesion parameter assembly type measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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