CN109141773B - Experimental device for measure dynamic seal self-adaptation concentricity performance - Google Patents
Experimental device for measure dynamic seal self-adaptation concentricity performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109141773B CN109141773B CN201810824321.1A CN201810824321A CN109141773B CN 109141773 B CN109141773 B CN 109141773B CN 201810824321 A CN201810824321 A CN 201810824321A CN 109141773 B CN109141773 B CN 109141773B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of dynamic seal, which comprises: base, rotor, gaseous guide, annular guide plate, annular supporting disk, fixed bolster, fine setting screw rod and displacement sensor, wherein, the rotor is inserted and is located the middle part of base, and a plurality of ventholes are evenly seted up to the circumference of rotor, and the upper portion of gaseous guide is provided with a plurality of inlet ends, and the middle part is provided with the ring channel, annular guide plate and annular supporting disk are fixed to be set up in the outside of rotor, the fixed bolster is 4, evenly lays along the circumference of rotor, and fine setting screw rod parallel connection is in the upper portion of fixed bolster, and displacement sensor sets up on the fixed bolster. The experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of the dynamic seal can be used for experimental study of self-adaptive concentric response characteristics of different dynamic seal forms and seal structure parameters under different working conditions, and provides experimental support for theoretical study and structural optimization design of floating self-concentric seal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sealing technology and experimental apparatus, and particularly provides an experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of dynamic seal.
Background
The dynamic seal between the rotor and the stator is a key component of turbomachinery such as an aircraft engine, a compressor, a gas turbine, a steam turbine and the like, and plays a key role in preventing working medium leakage, saving energy and reducing consumption. In recent years, the working medium of the turbo machine gradually develops towards a high parameter direction, after the medium parameter is improved, the influence of the sealing airflow excitation force formed by the eccentricity of the rotor on the vibration of the rotor becomes more and more obvious, and the sealing airflow excitation fault becomes a bottleneck problem for developing the high parameter turbo machine. Therefore, the self-adaptive concentricity performance of the dynamic seal of the turbine machinery is important to be researched through experiments.
The existing test of the dynamic sealing performance of the turbine machinery mainly comprises a static sealing characteristic test and a dynamic characteristic test. The seal static force characteristic experiment is mainly a seal leakage characteristic experiment. Foreign stockker and the like build a sealing leakage characteristic experiment table, and the change rule of the honeycomb sealing leakage amount under different sealing gaps and honeycomb core grid diameters is studied in experiments. Schrammm et al have studied the influence law of different honeycomb stator faces to the leakage characteristic of labyrinth seal of the step. The Child and other experiments research the influence of the sealing structure parameters on the sealing leakage amount. In order to research the leakage characteristic of honeycomb seal, the Wang Xu in China designs and builds a honeycomb seal leakage characteristic experiment table, and researches the influence of different honeycomb seal structure parameters, seal clearance, rotating speed and pressure ratio on the honeycomb seal tightness characteristic. Sunday builds a sealing leakage characteristic experiment table, researches the influence of structural parameters of honeycomb holes on the leakage amount of the honeycomb seal through experiments, and constructs a formula of the leakage amount of the honeycomb seal. The existing sealing dynamic characteristic experiment mainly identifies the sealing airflow force and the sealing dynamic characteristic coefficient. A sealing dynamic characteristic experiment table is designed and established by professor Childs abroad and a turbomachine laboratory led by the professor Childs, can accurately identify sealing airflow force and sealing dynamic characteristic coefficients under the conditions of different prerotations, rotating speeds, inlet-outlet pressure ratios and the like, and can identify 10 different types of sealing airflow force and dynamic characteristic coefficients including stator tooth-shaped sealing, brush-type sealing, step sealing, honeycomb sealing and the like. An experiment table for identifying the sealing airflow force and the dynamic characteristic coefficient is designed and established in China, the deflection of an air cylinder is considered, and the rule of the influence of the inlet-outlet pressure ratio on the sealing airflow force and the Dulante coefficient is researched through experiments. The static characteristics and the dynamic characteristics of the dynamic seal are researched by the above experiment, but the experimental research on the self-adaptive concentric performance of the dynamic seal is rarely reported.
With the continuous improvement of the parameters of the working medium of the turbine machinery, the traditional fixed seal enhances the hydrodynamic effect formed by the fluid of the circumferential wedge-shaped gap under the eccentric state of the rotor, and causes the air flow exciting force to be larger and larger. And the floating self-concentric seal can keep higher concentricity between the floating seal ring and the rotor when in work, thereby effectively reducing the fluid effect in the seal and reducing the air flow excitation force. Therefore, researchers have conducted intensive research into floating self-concentric seals. However, at present, the performance of the dynamic seal adaptive concentricity cannot be effectively and intuitively measured, which is a first problem faced by researchers.
Therefore, it is a problem to be solved urgently to develop an experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of dynamic seal.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for measuring a dynamic seal adaptive concentricity performance, so as to solve the problem that the prior art cannot intuitively and effectively measure the dynamic seal adaptive concentricity performance.
The invention provides an experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of dynamic seal, which comprises: the device comprises a base, a rotor, a gas guide member, an annular guide plate, an annular supporting plate, a fixed support, a fine adjustment screw and a displacement sensor, wherein the rotor is inserted in the middle of the base, a plurality of gas outlet holes are uniformly formed in the circumference of the rotor, the gas outlet holes are the same in size and are positioned at the same height, a plurality of gas inlet ends are uniformly arranged on the upper portion of the gas guide member along the circumference of the gas guide member, an annular groove communicated with the gas inlet ends is formed in the middle of the gas guide member, the annular groove corresponds to the gas outlet holes in the rotor, so that gas entering from the gas inlet ends passes through the annular groove and then is discharged from the gas outlet holes, the annular guide plate is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rotor and corresponds to the gas outlet holes and is used for guiding gas flowing out of the gas outlet holes to two ends, the annular supporting plate is fixed on the outer side of, the fine tuning screw rod is connected to the upper portion of the fixing support in parallel, and the displacement sensor is arranged on the fixing support and used for monitoring radial deviation of the dynamic seal experimental part sleeved on the outer side of the rotor.
Preferably, a pressure sensor for measuring the pressure of the gas in the annular groove is further arranged above the gas guide.
Further preferably, the experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of the dynamic seal further comprises a limiting plate for limiting the top of the dynamic seal experimental part, and the height of the limiting plate is adjustable.
Further preferably, the number of the air inlet ends is 4, and the number of the air outlet holes is 8.
Further preferably, the annular baffle is welded to the outer periphery of the rotor.
Further preferably, the annular supporting disk is fixed on a threaded rod through a bolt, and the threaded rod is connected with the base.
The invention also provides a dynamic seal experimental part, which comprises: the structure of the upper sealing element is the same as that of the lower sealing element, two ends of the middle connecting element are respectively connected with the air inlet sides of the upper sealing element and the lower sealing element, the inner side of the middle connecting element forms an accommodating cavity matched with the annular guide plate, and balls are arranged on the end faces of the air outlet sides of the upper sealing element and the lower sealing element.
Preferably, the air inlet sides of the upper sealing element and the lower sealing element are provided with slopes matched with the annular guide plates, so that the gas can efficiently and sufficiently enter the upper sealing element and the lower sealing element.
Further preferably, the upper seal and the lower seal are both aluminum seals.
Further preferably, the intermediate connecting member is a flange.
The experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentric performance of the dynamic seal, provided by the invention, has a reasonable structure, can be used for experimental research of self-adaptive concentric responses of different dynamic seal forms and seal structure parameters under different working conditions, and provides support and basis for theoretical research and structural optimization design of floating type self-concentric seal.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and embodiments:
fig. 1 is a schematic 45-degree turning section of an experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an experimental apparatus for measuring adaptive concentricity performance of dynamic seal, including: the gas guide device comprises a base 1, a rotor 2, a gas guide member 3, an annular guide plate 4, an annular support disk 5, a fixed support 6, a fine adjustment screw 7 and a displacement sensor 8, wherein the rotor 2 is inserted in the middle of the base 1, a plurality of gas outlet holes 21 are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the rotor 2, the gas outlet holes 21 are the same in size and are located at the same height, a plurality of gas inlet ends 31 are uniformly arranged on the upper portion of the gas guide member 3 along the circumferential direction of the gas guide member, an annular groove 32 communicated with the gas inlet ends 31 is formed in the middle of the gas guide member 3, the annular groove 32 corresponds to the gas outlet holes 21 on the rotor 2, so that gas entering from the gas inlet ends 31 passes through the annular groove 32 and then is discharged from the gas outlet holes 21, the annular guide plate 4 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rotor 2 and corresponds to the gas outlet holes 21 and is used for guiding the gas flowing out from the gas outlet, preferably, annular guide plate 4 welds in the periphery of rotor 2, annular supporting disk 5 is fixed in the outside of rotor 2 for support the dynamic seal experiment piece, fixed bolster 6 is 4, evenly lays along rotor 2's circumference, and fine setting screw 7 parallel connection is on the upper portion of fixed bolster 6, and displacement sensor 8 sets up on fixed bolster 6 for the radial skew of monitoring cover in the dynamic seal experiment piece in the rotor 2 outside.
This measure experimental apparatus of dynamic seal self-adaptation concentricity performance before measuring dynamic seal experimental part self-adaptation concentricity performance, need reform transform the dynamic seal experimental part earlier to adapt to this experimental apparatus, the dynamic seal experimental part after reforming transform includes: the structure of the upper sealing element is the same as that of the lower sealing element, two ends of the middle connecting element are respectively connected with the air inlet sides of the upper sealing element and the lower sealing element, the inner side of the middle connecting element forms an accommodating cavity matched with the annular guide plate, and balls are arranged on the end faces of the air outlet sides of the upper sealing element and the lower sealing element. The installation process of the experimental device is as follows: the periphery of the rotor is sleeved with the dynamic seal experimental piece, the containing cavity of the middle connecting piece corresponds to the annular guide plate, the arrangement can ensure that in the subsequent experimental process, air flow is fed from the middle of the dynamic seal experimental piece and exhausted from the two ends of the dynamic seal experimental piece to the outside to offset the axial force of the air flow, then the dynamic seal experimental piece is adjusted to the concentric position through the feeler gauge, 4 fine adjustment screw rods are adjusted to the position of propping against the dynamic seal experimental piece, 2 fine adjustment screw rods on the same straight line are kept motionless, 2 fine adjustment screw rods on the other straight line are adjusted to determine the initial offset direction of the sealing piece, the initial offset distance can be obtained through a displacement sensor in the corresponding direction, and then 4 fine adjustment screw rods are withdrawn, so that the self-adaptive concentric response experiment of the dynamic seal experimental piece can be carried out.
As a modification of the technical solution, as shown in fig. 1, a pressure sensor 33 for measuring the gas pressure in the annular groove 32 is further provided above the gas guide 3.
As an improvement of the technical solution, as shown in fig. 1, the experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of the dynamic seal further includes a limiting plate 9 for limiting the top of the dynamic seal experimental part, and the height of the limiting plate 9 is adjustable.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the number of the air inlet ends 31 is 4, the number of the air outlet holes 21 is 8, and the air outlet holes can ensure that the circumferential air inlet of the dynamic seal test piece is uniform.
As an improvement of the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1, the annular supporting disk 5 is fixed on a threaded rod through a bolt, the threaded rod is connected with the base 1, the height of the annular supporting disk can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the bolt, and the same air outlet environments on the upper side and the lower side of the dynamic seal experimental part can be ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention also provides a dynamic seal test piece, comprising: the dynamic seal device comprises an upper seal 10, a lower seal 11 and an intermediate connecting piece 12, wherein the upper seal 10 and the lower seal 11 have the same structure, two ends of the intermediate connecting piece 12 are respectively connected with the air inlet sides of the upper seal 10 and the lower seal 11, the inner side of the intermediate connecting piece 12 forms an accommodating cavity matched with the annular guide plate 4, and the end surfaces of the air outlet sides of the upper seal 10 and the lower seal 11 are provided with balls which can reduce the friction resistance between a dynamic seal experimental piece and an annular supporting disk.
As a modification of the solution, as shown in fig. 1, the air inlet sides of the upper seal 10 and the lower seal 11 are provided with slopes which cooperate with the annular baffle 4 to ensure that the gas efficiently and sufficiently enters the upper seal 10 and the lower seal 11.
As a technical improvement, the upper sealing member 10 and the lower sealing member 11 are both aluminum sealing members.
As a modification of the technical solution, as shown in fig. 1, the intermediate connecting member 12 is a flange.
The embodiments of the present invention have been written in a progressive manner with emphasis placed on the differences between the various embodiments, and similar elements may be found in relation to each other.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An experimental device for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal is characterized by comprising: the gas guide device comprises a base (1), a rotor (2), a gas guide piece (3), an annular guide plate (4), an annular supporting disk (5), a fixed support (6), a fine adjustment screw (7) and a displacement sensor (8), wherein the rotor (2) is inserted into the middle of the base (1), a plurality of gas outlets (21) are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the rotor (2), the gas outlets (21) are the same in size and are positioned at the same height, a plurality of gas inlets (31) are uniformly formed in the upper portion of the gas guide piece (3) along the circumferential direction of the gas guide piece, an annular groove (32) communicated with the gas inlets (31) is formed in the middle of the gas guide piece (3), the annular groove (32) corresponds to the gas outlets (21) on the rotor (2), so that gas entering from the gas inlets (31) is discharged from the gas outlets (21) after passing through the annular groove (32), the annular guide plate (4) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the rotor (2) and corresponds to, the utility model provides a be used for leading both ends from the gas direction that venthole (21) flowed out, annular supporting disk (5) are fixed in the outside of rotor (2), are used for supporting the dynamic seal experiment piece, fixed bolster (6) are 4, evenly lay along the circumference of rotor (2), fine setting screw rod (7) parallel connection in the upper portion of fixed bolster (6), and displacement sensor (8) set up on fixed bolster (6) for the radial skew of monitoring cover in the dynamic seal experiment piece in rotor (2) outside, wherein, the dynamic seal experiment piece includes: upper portion sealing member (10), lower part sealing member (11) and middle connecting piece (12), wherein, the structure of upper portion sealing member (10) and lower part sealing member (11) is the same, and the both ends of middle connecting piece (12) are connected with the admit air side of upper portion sealing member (10) and lower part sealing member (11) respectively, and the inboard of middle connecting piece (12) forms and holds the chamber with annular guide plate (4) complex, the terminal surface of the side of giving vent to anger of upper portion sealing member (10) and lower part sealing member (11) is provided with the ball.
2. An experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal according to claim 1, wherein: a pressure sensor (33) for measuring the gas pressure in the annular groove (32) is also arranged above the gas guide (3).
3. An experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal according to claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a limiting plate (9) used for limiting the top of the dynamic seal experiment piece, wherein the height of the limiting plate (9) is adjustable.
4. An experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the air inlet ends (31) is 4, and the number of the air outlet holes (21) is 8.
5. An experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal according to claim 1, wherein: the annular guide plate (4) is welded on the periphery of the rotor (2).
6. An experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal according to claim 1, wherein: the annular supporting disk (5) is fixed on a threaded rod through a bolt, and the threaded rod is connected with the base (1).
7. An experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal according to claim 1, wherein: the air inlet sides of the upper sealing piece (10) and the lower sealing piece (11) are provided with slopes matched with the annular guide plate (4) and used for ensuring that gas can efficiently and fully enter the upper sealing piece (10) and the lower sealing piece (11).
8. An experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal according to claim 1, wherein: the upper sealing piece (10) and the lower sealing piece (11) are both aluminum sealing pieces.
9. An experimental apparatus for measuring the self-adaptive concentricity performance of a dynamic seal according to claim 1, wherein: the middle connecting piece (12) is a flange plate.
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| CN201810824321.1A CN109141773B (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | Experimental device for measure dynamic seal self-adaptation concentricity performance |
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| CN109141773B true CN109141773B (en) | 2020-02-11 |
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| CN113252297B (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2022-07-08 | 沈阳工业大学 | Axial adjustable testing device for labyrinth seal experiment |
| CN114659746B (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-12-02 | 西安交通大学 | Annular dynamic seal dynamic characteristic coefficient experiment measurement system and method |
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