CN109141705A - Device and method for testing welding constraint stress - Google Patents
Device and method for testing welding constraint stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN109141705A CN109141705A CN201710462978.3A CN201710462978A CN109141705A CN 109141705 A CN109141705 A CN 109141705A CN 201710462978 A CN201710462978 A CN 201710462978A CN 109141705 A CN109141705 A CN 109141705A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0047—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes measuring forces due to residual stresses
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the device for testing welding constraint stress, including the first supporting element and the second supporting element, first welded specimen is connected to the symmetrical centre of the first supporting element, second welded specimen is connected to the symmetrical centre of the second supporting element, the setting close to each other of the position to be welded of the first welded specimen and the second welded specimen；Stress bearing assembly, by connect stress it is adjustable in a manner of be connected between the first supporting element and the second supporting element, corresponding deformation to occur when bearing to weld constraint stress；And the symmetrical centre relative to the first supporting element and the second supporting element is symmetrically arranged；And stress measurement component, it is connected to stress bearing assembly, to export the welding constraint stress born on stress bearing assembly.Invention additionally discloses the methods for testing welding constraint stress.The present invention can accurately collect the welding constraint stress born on welded specimen in the welding process, and can control the size of the welding constraint stress born on welded specimen.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding fields, more particularly to the device and method for testing welding constraint stress.
Background technique
By influence extraneous fixed or because of itself rigidity, deformation in the welding process is restricted weldment, therefore is generated
Weld constraint stress.In high temperature metallic material welding experiment, need to load and monitor different constraint stress, to metal
The failure mechanism of material carries out probing into closer to true use environment, has to service life of these materials under the conditions of usage
Effect prediction and control.
Problem existing in the prior art is how accurately and easily to obtain welding constraint stress data.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve problem of the existing technology, the dress for testing welding constraint stress is provided
It sets and method, which can accurately collect the welding born on welded specimen in the welding process restrains and answer
Power, and the size of the welding constraint stress born on welded specimen can be controlled.
To achieve the goals above, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of for testing the device of welding constraint stress, comprising:
First supporting element and the second supporting element, the first welded specimen are connected to the symmetrical centre of first supporting element, the second welding examination
Sample is connected to the symmetrical centre of second supporting element, and the position to be welded of first welded specimen and second weldering
Connect the position to be welded setting close to each other of sample；Stress bearing assembly, the stress bearing assembly are adjustable to connect stress
Mode is connected between first supporting element and the second supporting element, corresponding become to occur when bearing to weld constraint stress
Shape；And the stress bearing assembly is relative to the symmetrical centre of first supporting element and the symmetrical centre pair of the second supporting element
Claim ground setting；And stress measurement component, the stress measurement component are connected to the stress bearing assembly, to export described answer
The welding constraint stress born on power bearing assembly.
Preferably, the stress measurement component includes the strain sensing component being connected on the stress bearing assembly.
Preferably, the device for testing welding constraint stress further includes heating component, in first weldering
Connect formation high-temperature soldering environment at the position to be welded of sample and the position to be welded of second welded specimen.
Preferably, the heating component includes being centered around the position to be welded and second weldering of first welded specimen
Connect the electromagnetic induction heating coil around the position to be welded of sample.
Preferably, the heating component includes the temperature sensing component for controlling heating temperature.
Preferably, first welded specimen and second welded specimen are relative to first supporting element and described
Two supporting element thermal insulations.
Preferably, it is provided with the first cooling tube on first welded specimen and/or first supporting element, described
The second cooling tube is provided on two welded specimens and/or second supporting element；First cooling tube and described second
The adjustable cooling medium of flow is allowed to flow through in cooling tube.
Preferably, first supporting element and second supporting element are hollow structure, to allow the adjustable cooling of flow
Medium flows through.
Preferably, the stress bearing assembly includes multiple rod pieces being arranged at intervals, one end of each rod piece
It is detachably connectable to first supporting element, the other end is detachably connectable to second supporting element.
Preferably, the both ends of each rod piece are provided with screw thread；The stress bearing assembly further includes stop nut, institute
The both ends for stating rod piece extend through first supporting element and the second supporting element, and are threadedly coupled with the stop nut.
Preferably, the test device of the welding constraint stress further includes control assembly, first supporting element, described the
Two supporting elements, the stress bearing assembly, the stress measurement component and/or the heating component are electrically connected with the control assembly
It connects.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of method for testing welding constraint stress, comprising: the first support of setting
First welded specimen is connected to the symmetrical centre of first supporting element by part and the second supporting element, and the second welded specimen is connected
It is connected to the symmetrical centre of second supporting element, and makes the position to be welded and second welding of first welded specimen
The position to be welded of sample is close to each other；To connect the adjustable side of stress between first supporting element and the second supporting element
Formula connects stress bearing assembly, which corresponding deformation occurs when bearing to weld constraint stress, and this is answered
Power bearing assembly is symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetrical centre of first supporting element and the symmetrical centre of the second supporting element；And
Stress measurement component is connected on the stress bearing assembly, is arrested to export the welding born on the stress bearing assembly
Shu Yingli.
Preferably, the stress measurement component measures the deflection of the stress bearing assembly, and according to the deformation
The elasticity modulus of amount and the stress bearing assembly exports the welding constraint stress.
Preferably, the stress measurement component includes the foil gauge being connected on the stress bearing assembly, the foil gauge
The welding constraint stress born according to the stress bearing assembly exports corresponding deformation degree；The welding is restrained
The calculation method of stress are as follows: σ=E × ε；Wherein, ε is the deformation degree of foil gauge output；E is the stress bearing assembly
Elasticity modulus, obtained by stretching experiment；σ is the welding constraint stress.
Preferably, the method for testing welding constraint stress further include: in the welding process, by described in measurement
The resistance value of the welding position of the welding position of first welded specimen and/or second welded specimen obtains first weldering
The crackle state of the welding position of sample and/or the welding position of second welded specimen is connect, to export first weldering
Connect the critical constraint stress of sample and/or second welded specimen.
Preferably, the calculation method of the critical constraint stress includes: the welding that measurement obtains first welded specimen
The sudden change of resistivity value at position and/or the welding position of second welded specimen；Acquire institute corresponding to the sudden change of resistivity value
State the deformation degree of foil gauge output；It is calculated according to the deformation degree and obtains the welding constraint stress, which, which restrains, answers
Power is equal to the critical constraint stress.
Preferably, in the welding process, to the welding of the welding position and the second welded specimen of first welded specimen
Position conveys protective gas, to implement gas shielded welding.
Through the above technical solutions, first is welded provided by the present invention for the device and method of test welding constraint stress
It connects sample to be connected on the first supporting element, the second welded specimen is connected on the second supporting element, and by stress bearing assembly
It is connected between the first supporting element and the second supporting element.In this way, being welded by the first welded specimen and the second welded specimen
During, welding constraint stress can be tried by the first supporting element and the second supporting element in the first welded specimen, the second welding
It is transmitted between sample and stress bearing assembly.That is, in the welding process, the first welded specimen and the second welded specimen
Welding constraint stress stress bearing assembly is transmitted to by the first supporting element and the second supporting element, stress bearing assembly bears weldering
It connects constraint stress and generates corresponding deformation；The deflection that stress bearing assembly can be measured using stress measurement component, according to answering
The deflection of power bearing assembly can calculate the size for the welding constraint stress that stress bearing assembly is born, to acquire
To corresponding data.Meanwhile stress bearing assembly with the connection relationship of the first supporting element and the second supporting element by that can limit
The deformation of first welded specimen and the second welded specimen applies reaction force to the first welded specimen and the second welded specimen, should
The size of reaction force is exactly to weld the size of constraint stress；It therefore can be by adjusting stress bearing assembly and the first supporting element
And the second connection stress between supporting element, carry out proof stress bearing assembly and the first welded specimen and the second welded specimen are applied
Reaction force size, thus the welding constraint stress that is applied on the first welded specimen and the second welded specimen of control.Cause
This, apparatus and method of the present invention can accurately collect the welding born on welded specimen in the welding process restrains and answers
Power, additionally it is possible to the size for controlling the welding constraint stress born on welded specimen, so that metal Welding experiment can be more
Truly disclose the operative condition of constraint stress in welding process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is according to the present invention for testing the structural schematic diagram of the device of welding constraint stress.
Description of symbols
1 first welded specimen, 2 second welded specimen, 3 first supporting element
4 second supporting element, 5 strain sensor assemblies, 6 electromagnetic induction heating coil
7 temperature sensing component, 8 first cooling tube, 9 second cooling tube
10 rod piece, 11 stop nut, 12 resistance measuring instrument
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, detailed description of the preferred embodiments.It should be understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
With reference to Fig. 1, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of for testing the device of welding constraint stress.The device includes first
Supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4, to form the main supporting structure of whole device.Choose 1 He of the first welded specimen to be welded
After second welded specimen 2, the first welded specimen 1 is connected to the first supporting element 3, by second by embodiment according to the present invention
Welded specimen 2 is connected to the second supporting element 4.In order to avoid constraint stress forms the resultant force of multidirectional coupling and causes data analysis barrier
Hindering, the device of the invention is arranged along the symmetrically arranged structure of symmetrical centre, and welded specimen is arranged in symmetrical centre,
To exclude the interference of external device (ED), the constraint stress that welded specimen is born more realistically is collected.Therefore, according to the present invention
First welded specimen 1 is connected to the symmetrical centre of the first supporting element 3 by embodiment, and the second welded specimen 2 is connected to second
The symmetrical centre of supporting element 4.In addition, it is also necessary to by the to be welded of the position to be welded of the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2
Socket part position setting close to each other, to implement to weld.
For example, the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2 are chosen for pipe fitting；It can be in pair of the first supporting element 3
The symmetrical centre of title center and the second supporting element 4 opens up through-hole respectively, and one end of the first welded specimen 1 is enabled to pass through first
Through-hole on supporting element 3 and be fixedly attached to the first supporting element 3, the other end is as position to be welded；So that the second welded specimen 2
One end can pass through the second supporting element 4 on through-hole and be fixedly attached to the second supporting element 4, the other end is as socket part to be welded
Position.First supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4 can be the materials such as steel plate, and the first welded specimen 1 can be welded on the first supporting element
On 3, the second welded specimen 2 can be welded on the second supporting element 4.The position to be welded of first welded specimen 1 and second are welded
Connect sample 2 position to be welded it is close to each other be oppositely arranged, the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4 form the master being parallel to each other
Support construction.It is described herein as the purpose of description, all of above feature can be deformed.Such as, but not limited to, the first weldering
It connects sample 1 and the second welded specimen 2 can be block structure part, the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4 can be rod-like structure
Part, the first welded specimen 1 can be threaded io the first supporting element 3, and the second welded specimen 2 can be threaded io the second support
Part 4, etc..
The device of the invention further includes stress bearing assembly.The stress bearing assembly is connected to the first supporting element 3 and second
Between supporting element 4, firm integral type symmetrical structure is formed with the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4, to limit the first weldering
Connect the deformation of sample 1 and the second welded specimen 2.Stress bearing assembly is relative to the symmetrical centre of the first supporting element 3 and second
The symmetrical centre of support member 4 is symmetrically arranged, so that the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2 are located at pair of whole device
Title center.Such as, but not limited to, stress bearing assembly is two blocks of full symmetric steel, with the first supporting element 3 and the second support
4 groups of rectangular frame structures of part.It is worth noting that, no matter which kind of structure type stress bearing assembly is arranged to, its own
Intensity is preferably shorter than the intensity of the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4, so that deformation caused by welding constraint stress occurs answering
On power bearing assembly, in order to data acquisition.In this way, in the welding process, the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2
Welding constraint stress is transmitted to stress bearing assembly by the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4, and stress bearing assembly bears weldering
It connects constraint stress and generates corresponding deformation；Meanwhile stress bearing assembly passes through the company with the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4
The relationship of connecing can limit the deformation of the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2, try the first welded specimen 1 and the second welding
Sample 2 applies reaction force.
This is that is, can be by adjusting the company between stress bearing assembly and the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4
Power is scooped out, to control the welding constraint stress being applied on the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2.Specifically, it can adjust
The intensity of whole stress bearing assembly itself, or adjustment stress bearing assembly and the first supporting element 3 and/or the second supporting element 4
Bonding strength reaches above-mentioned purpose.In this way, during the experiment, by controlling and change is applied to the first welded specimen 1 and
Welding constraint stress on two welded specimens 2, can simulate more actual weldings and applying working condition, so that metal welding
The operative condition of constraint stress in welding process can more realistically be disclosed by connecing experiment, and then to the first welded specimen 1 and second
Service life of the welded specimen 2 under the conditions of practical usage carries out significantly more efficient prediction and control.
The device of the invention further includes stress measurement component.The stress test component is connected to stress bearing assembly, can
Measure the deflection of stress bearing assembly.According to the deflection of stress bearing assembly, stress bearing assembly can be calculated and held
The size for the welding constraint stress received, that is, the welding constraint stress that the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2 are born
Size, to collect corresponding data.
Embodiment according to the present invention, stress measurement component include the strain sensing group being connected on stress bearing assembly
Part 5.Specifically, which may include the elements such as foil gauge, deformation amount sensor.Foil gauge is connected to stress and holds
It carries on component, the different size for the welding constraint stress that can be born according to stress bearing assembly, correspondingly exports stress and hold
Carry the deflection of component, i.e. output skew degree.The deformation degree can be sent to arithmetic center by deformation amount sensor later,
Corresponding welding constraint stress is calculated by arithmetic center.
Embodiment according to the present invention, stress bearing assembly include multiple rod pieces 10.These rod pieces are arranged at intervals,
And the symmetrical centre relative to the symmetrical centre of the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4 is symmetrically arranged.As shown in fig. 1,
Multiple rod pieces 10 are symmetrically disposed in the two sides and/or periphery of the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2, each rod piece 10
One end be detachably connectable to the first supporting element 3, the other end is detachably connectable to the second supporting element 4.It is preferable to use rod pieces
10 are used as stress bearing assembly, are because 10 pairs of welding constraint stress of rod piece are more sensitive, the diameter of especially rod piece 10 is smaller
When, it is easier to collect deformation degree, it is hereby achieved that accurate calculated result.Multiple rod pieces 10 are set, then be in order to
Realize the control to welding constraint stress size.By the way that the rod piece 10 of different number and rigidity is arranged, adjustable load is to the
The constraint stress of one welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2, to reach desired design object and experiment effect.Rod piece
10 is detachably connected with the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4, can easily realize the quantity for changing rod piece 10, and
Easily realize the rod piece of replacement different-stiffness.
In more detail, the both ends of embodiment according to the present invention, each rod piece 10 offer screw thread.Stress bearing assembly
It further include stop nut 11, after the both ends of rod piece 10 can extend through the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4, with limit spiral shell
Mother 11 is threadedly coupled, so that rod piece 10 be made to be securely connected to the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4.It can be in the first support
The symmetrical position of part 3 and the second supporting element 4 opens up through hole, enables and divides at the both ends of each rod piece 10 in corresponding position
It Guan Chuan not the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4.As shown in fig. 1, stop nut 11 can have multiple.Such as in rod piece 10
Stop nut 11 can be respectively set from the two sides of the first supporting element 3, by rod piece in the one end being connected with the first supporting element 3
10 are locked on the first supporting element 3.In addition, by adjusting stop nut 11 turning position and screw degree, can also be micro
Adjust loaded welding constraint stress.
It continues to refer to figure 1, the device of the invention further includes heating component, to the socket part to be welded in the first welded specimen 1
Position and the second welded specimen 2 position to be welded at formed high-temperature soldering environment, thus simulate true high-temperature soldering operating condition or
Analog temperature gradient, so that the data of Welding experiment are closer to the data under real working condition.Preferably, heating component includes being used for
Control the temperature sensing component 7 of heating temperature.Specifically, which may include temperature measuring set, temperature sensing
The elements such as device.Temperature measuring set measures the temperature after heated component heating, and measurement result is sent to fortune by temperature sensor
Calculation center is calculated the difference of actual temperature and target temperature by arithmetic center；When actual temperature reaches target temperature, Ke Yiting
Only heating component；When temperature is reduced to target temperature a certain range below, heating component can be restarted.It can control whereby
The heating temperature of heating component.Preferably, heating component includes being centered around the position to be welded and the second weldering of the first welded specimen 1
Connect the electromagnetic induction heating coil 6 around the position to be welded of sample 2.Made by the electromagnetic induction of electromagnetic induction heating coil 6
With making welding surroundings keep target temperature, electromagnetic induction heating coil 6 is easy to arrange and control, and uniform temperature fields.
In addition, the device of the invention further includes control assembly, to carry out automatically controlling to device.As before and as described above
Arithmetic center, the as component part of control assembly.First supporting element 3, the second supporting element 4, stress bearing assembly, stress are surveyed
Amount one of component and heating component or more persons are electrically connected with control assembly, thus all inductors of whole device, biography
The cell readings such as sensor can be by control assembly by data line and corresponding software automatic collection and processing, and such as adds
The start stop operation of hot component can also be automatically controlled by control assembly.
Embodiment according to the present invention, the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2 are relative to 3 He of the first supporting element
Second supporting element, 4 thermal insulation.That is, preventing the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2 relative to the first supporting element 3
Heat transfer occurs with the second supporting element 4, on the one hand avoids heat waste in this way, on the other hand avoids increasing operational stresses induced carrying group
Operation difficulty when part.
In more detail, it is arranged on a kind of embodiment according to the present invention, the first welded specimen 1 and/or the first supporting element 3
There is the first cooling tube 8, is provided with the second cooling tube 9 on the second welded specimen 2 and/or the second supporting element 4.First cooling tube
The adjustable cooling medium of flow is allowed to flow through in part 8 and the second cooling tube 9, so that heat is not transferred to the first supporting element 3
With the second supporting element 4.Cooling medium can be liquid or gas.Control for cooling temperature can pass through control assembly
It realizes, for example, cooling temperature can be made to be maintained at suitable temperature by automatically controlling the flow of cooling medium.According to this hair
Bright another embodiment, the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4 are hollow structure, to allow adjustable cooling Jie of flow
Mass flow mistake.Directly the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4 are cooled down in this way, also may be implemented heat-insulated.But it is worth noting
, when setting hollow structure for the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4, the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4 it is whole
Body intensity should also be remained above the intensity of stress bearing assembly.
Another aspect of the present invention also provides a kind of method for testing welding constraint stress.This method includes setting first
First welded specimen 1, is connected to the symmetrical centre of the first supporting element 3 by supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4, and the second welding is tried
Sample 2 is connected to the symmetrical centre of the second supporting element 4, and makes the position to be welded and the second welded specimen 2 of the first welded specimen 1
Position to be welded it is close to each other.Between the first supporting element 3 and the second supporting element 4 by connect stress it is adjustable in a manner of connect
Stress bearing assembly, which corresponding deformation occurs when bearing to weld constraint stress, and the stress carries
Component is symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetrical centre of the first supporting element 3 and the symmetrical centre of the second supporting element 4.In stress carrying group
Stress measurement component is connected on part, to export the welding constraint stress born on stress bearing assembly.
The embodiment of previously described device is also the embodiment of methods described herein.Method provided by the invention
Any combination can be carried out with the embodiment of aforementioned device, all in the protection scope of method of the invention.Identical content
Details are not described herein again.
Embodiment according to the present invention, stress measurement component measure the deflection of stress bearing assembly, also, according to change
The elasticity modulus of shape amount and stress bearing assembly can calculate welding constraint stress.It specifically, can be as previously described in stress
Foil gauge is connected on bearing assembly, measures the deformation degree ε of stress bearing assembly, is then calculated and is obtained by formula σ=E × ε
Weld constraint stress σ.It should be understood that due to rod piece 10 have it is multiple, so need connect foil gauge on each rod piece 10,
To measure the deformation degree of each rod piece 10 respectively, the welding constraint stress σ of each rod piece 10 is correspondingly calculated.By all bars
The welding constraint stress σ that part 10 is born is added, and the whole that entire stress bearing assembly is born that is only of acquisition welds contained answer
Power, that is, the welding constraint stress being applied on the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2.In addition, in above-mentioned formula
E is the elasticity modulus of stress bearing assembly, can be obtained by stretching experiment.Such as above-described embodiment, when stress bearing assembly is
When rod piece 10, E is the elasticity modulus of rod piece 10.When using the rod piece 10 of different-stiffness, elastic modulus E is different.
When calculating the welding constraint stress σ of each rod piece 10, the elastic modulus E of the rod piece 10 itself should be correspondingly substituted into.Also thus
It can demonstrate,prove, by adjusting the rigidity of rod piece 10, different size of weldering can be applied to the first welded specimen 1 and the second welded specimen 2
Connect constraint stress.Furthermore it is also possible to be welded by welding constraint stress σ and the product of the cross-sectional area A of stress bearing assembly
Binding force F is met, welding binding force F is the common empirical value of engineers and technicians in engineering practice, can intuitively be given expression to
The binding force that weldment is subject in welding process.It is appreciated that A is rod piece 10 when stress bearing assembly is rod piece 10
Cross-sectional area.When individually calculating the welding binding force of each rod piece 10, the value of A is the cross section street of the rod piece 10；It calculates complete
When the welding binding force of portion's rod piece 10, the value of A is the cross-sectional area sum of whole rod pieces 10.
Method of the invention further includes, in the welding process, by measure the first welded specimen 1 welding position and/or
The resistance value of the welding position of second welded specimen 2 obtains the welding position and/or the second welded specimen 2 of the first welded specimen 1
Welding position crackle state, thus output the first welded specimen 1 and/or the second welded specimen 2 critical constraint stress.When
When first welded specimen 1 and/or the second welded specimen 2 bear critical constraint stress and will be broken, resistance value can be because cracking
And it mutates.By continuously measuring the resistance value of welded specimen, sudden change of resistivity can detecte.The instrument of resistance value is measured,
Kelvin double bridge, instrument for measuring DC resistance, multimeter etc. can be used.It can be examined alternatively, it is also possible to access other simultaneously
The instrument for surveying weldment micro-crack, to synchronize verifying.It is measured using electric-resistivity method, laboratory apparatus is easy to get, such as can
To use multimeter；And there is sudden change of resistivity to be easier to monitor.
In more detail, the method for calculating critical constraint stress includes the continuous welding position for measuring the first welded specimen 1
And/or second welded specimen 2 welding position resistance value, obtain sudden change of resistivity value；It is answered corresponding to acquisition sudden change of resistivity value
Become the deformation degree ε of piece output, and calculates welding constraint stress using above-mentioned formula.The welding constraint stress is critical arrests
Shu Yingli.
In addition, embodiment according to the present invention, in the welding process, to the welding position of the first welded specimen 1 and
The welding position of two welded specimens 2 conveys protective gas, to implement gas shielded welding.When the first welded specimen 1 and the second weldering
Connect sample 2 be pipe fitting when, can from inside pipe fitting convey protective gas.Whereby, the high-temperature soldering of gas shielded arc welding can be simulated
Operating condition carries out probing into closer to true use environment to the failure mechanism of metal material under gas shielded arc welding operating condition.
It is described the prefered embodiments of the present invention in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited thereto.At this
It, can be with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made in the range of the technology design of invention.Including each particular technique
Feature is combined in any suitable manner.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention is to various combinations of possible ways
No further explanation will be given.But it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, belongs to the present invention
Protection scope.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of for testing the device of welding constraint stress, comprising:
First supporting element (3) and the second supporting element (4), the first welded specimen (1) are connected to the symmetrical of first supporting element (3)
Center, the second welded specimen (2) are connected to the symmetrical centre of second supporting element (4), and first welded specimen (1)
Position to be welded and second welded specimen (2) position to be welded setting close to each other；
Stress bearing assembly, the stress bearing assembly by connect stress it is adjustable in a manner of be connected to first supporting element (3)
And second between supporting element (4), corresponding deformation to occur when bearing to weld constraint stress；And the stress bearing assembly
It is symmetrically arranged relative to the symmetrical centre of first supporting element (3) and the symmetrical centre of the second supporting element (4)；And
Stress measurement component, the stress measurement component are connected to the stress bearing assembly, to export the stress carrying group
The welding constraint stress born on part.
2. according to claim 1 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that the stress measurement group
Part includes the strain sensing component (5) being connected on the stress bearing assembly.
3. according to claim 1 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that described for testing weldering
The device for connecing constraint stress further includes heating component, in the position to be welded of first welded specimen (1) and described
High-temperature soldering environment is formed at the position to be welded of two welded specimens (2).
4. according to claim 3 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that the heating component packet
It includes and is centered around around the position to be welded of first welded specimen (1) and the position to be welded of second welded specimen (2)
Electromagnetic induction heating coil (6).
5. according to claim 3 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that the heating component packet
Include the temperature sensing component (7) for controlling heating temperature.
6. according to any one of claim 3 to 5 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that institute
The first welded specimen (1) and second welded specimen (2) are stated relative to first supporting element (3) and second supporting element
(4) thermal insulation.
7. according to claim 6 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that the first welding examination
It is provided with the first cooling tube (8) on sample (1) and/or first supporting element (3), second welded specimen (2) and/or institute
It states and is provided with the second cooling tube (9) on the second supporting element (4)；
The adjustable cooling medium of flow is allowed to flow through in first cooling tube (8) and second cooling tube (9).
8. according to claim 6 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that first supporting element
(3) and second supporting element (4) is hollow structure, to allow the adjustable cooling medium of flow to flow through.
9. according to claim 1 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that the stress carrying group
Part includes multiple rod pieces (10) being arranged at intervals, and one end of each rod piece (10) is detachably connectable to described first
Supporting element (3), the other end are detachably connectable to second supporting element (4).
10. according to claim 3 for testing the device of welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that the welding is restrained
The test device of stress further includes control assembly, first supporting element, second supporting element, the stress bearing assembly,
The stress measurement component and/or the heating component are electrically connected with the control assembly.
11. a kind of method for testing welding constraint stress, comprising:
First supporting element (3) and the second supporting element (4) are set, the first welded specimen (1) is connected to first supporting element (3)
Symmetrical centre, the second welded specimen (2) is connected to the symmetrical centre of second supporting element (4), and make described first
The position to be welded of welded specimen (1) and the position to be welded of second welded specimen (2) are close to each other；
Between first supporting element (3) and the second supporting element (4) by connect stress it is adjustable in a manner of connect stress carrying
Component, which corresponding deformation occurs when bearing to weld constraint stress, and the stress bearing assembly is opposite
It is symmetrically arranged in the symmetrical centre of first supporting element (3) and the symmetrical centre of the second supporting element (4)；And
Stress measurement component is connected on the stress bearing assembly, to export the weldering born on the stress bearing assembly
Connect constraint stress.
12. the method according to claim 11 for testing welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that the stress measurement
Component measures the deflection of the stress bearing assembly, and according to the springform of the deflection and the stress bearing assembly
Amount exports the welding constraint stress.
13. the method according to claim 12 for testing welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that the stress measurement
Component includes the foil gauge being connected on the stress bearing assembly, which is born according to the stress bearing assembly
The welding constraint stress exports corresponding deformation degree；
The calculation method of the welding constraint stress are as follows: σ=E × ε；Wherein, ε is the deformation degree of foil gauge output；E is
The elasticity modulus of the stress bearing assembly, is obtained by stretching experiment；σ is the welding constraint stress.
14. the method according to claim 13 for testing welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that described for testing
The method for welding constraint stress further include: in the welding process, by the welding position for measuring first welded specimen (1)
And/or the resistance value of the welding position of second welded specimen (2), obtain the welding position of first welded specimen (1)
And/or the crackle state of the welding position of second welded specimen (2), thus export first welded specimen (1) and/or
The critical constraint stress of second welded specimen (2).
15. the method according to claim 14 for testing welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that described critical contained
The calculation method of stress includes:
The welding position of the welding position and/or second welded specimen (2) of measurement acquisition first welded specimen (1)
Sudden change of resistivity value；
Acquire the deformation degree of the foil gauge output corresponding to the sudden change of resistivity value；
It is calculated according to the deformation degree and obtains the welding constraint stress, which is equal to critical restrain and answers
Power.
16. the method according to claim 11 for testing welding constraint stress, which is characterized in that in welding process
In, the welding position of welding position and the second welded specimen (2) to first welded specimen (1) conveys protective gas, with
Implement gas shielded welding.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN114166630A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 天津大学 | Transverse crack sensitivity test device and method based on composite restraint |
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