CN109139080A - A kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device - Google Patents

A kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109139080A
CN109139080A CN201811087635.4A CN201811087635A CN109139080A CN 109139080 A CN109139080 A CN 109139080A CN 201811087635 A CN201811087635 A CN 201811087635A CN 109139080 A CN109139080 A CN 109139080A
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China
Prior art keywords
air
partition
wall
ventilation duct
bolt
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Granted
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CN201811087635.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109139080B (en
CN109139080B8 (en
Inventor
苏群健
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Sichuan Wisdom High Speed Technology Co ltd
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Individual
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003Ventilation of traffic tunnels

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to tunnel traffic technical fields, especially a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device, aiming at the problem that ventilation equipment of traffic tunnel cannot carry out emergency processing to fire, now propose following scheme, including ventilation duct, two sides between at the top and bottom of the ventilation duct circumferential inner wall pass through bolt and are equipped with the fixed plate placed vertically, and the middle position of two fixed plates is welded with the same horizontal positioned fixed link, the two sides of the fixed link outer circumferential walls pass through bearing and are equipped with mounting ring.In the present invention, when a fire, outlet air cavity temperature increases, and forms pressure difference between the air in air-inlet cavity, to make first partition and second partition deviate to the side of air-inlet cavity, the aperture for reducing air-inlet cavity, reduces the air-supply of blast pipe, and barrier fire source expands, increase the aperture of air-out chamber simultaneously, increase air output, improves the effect of air draft smoke evacuation dirt, ventilation duct is made to make emergency processing when fire occurs.

Description

A kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device
Technical field
The present invention relates to tunnel traffic technical field more particularly to a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation devices.
Background technique
With the development of means of transportation, underground is gradually moved towards in traffic above-ground, and traffic tunnel gradually forms, traffic tunnel in addition to Outside the main building of tube structure, it is also necessary to other auxiliary devices are installed, it is attached to set to guarantee the normal of traffic in the body of hole Standby to contain lighting apparatus, drainage equipment and ventilation equipment etc., wherein ventilation equipment are for the ventilation in tunnel, and traffic tunnel makes Ventilation equipment are mainly made of air hose and blower.
Make the distinguished and admirable through tunnel of outside using two pipelines in traffic tunnel, is managed two by the way that equidistant blower is arranged Road is connect with tunnel internal, realizes the draught effect of air-supply and air draft, but when a fire, the blower in tunnel is still pressed Normal condition works, and cannot carry out corresponding emergency processing to fire.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues of ventilation equipment based on traffic tunnel cannot carry out emergency processing to fire, the invention proposes one Kind tunnel traffic ventilation device.
A kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device proposed by the present invention, including ventilation duct, the ventilation duct circumferential inner wall top Two sides between bottom pass through bolt and are equipped with the fixed plate placed vertically, and the middle position of two fixed plates is welded with The same horizontal positioned fixed link, the two sides of the fixed link outer circumferential walls pass through bearing and are equipped with mounting ring, and two The same first partition placed vertically is welded at the top of mounting ring outer circumferential walls, the two sides of the fixed link outer circumferential walls are equal Fixed ring is installed by bearing, and fixed ring is located at side of the mounting ring far from fixed plate, outside two fixed ring circumference The bottom of wall is welded with the same second partition placed vertically, and the two sides outer wall of first partition and second partition offers The groove equidistantly distributed, the hemispherical structure of groove, and the groove of first partition and second partition two sides is symmetrical.
Preferably, one end welding of the first partition and second partition the same side outer wall has the same air inlet curtain, and Side outer wall one end welding of one partition and the separate air inlet curtain of second partition has the same air curtain out, and it is remote to be located at fixed link for air curtain out One end from air inlet curtain, constituting between the circumferential inner wall of ventilation duct, first partition, second partition and air inlet curtain has air-inlet cavity, leads to It the circumferential inner wall of air hose, first partition, second partition and is constituted between air curtain have air-out chamber out.
Preferably, the both ends outer wall of the ventilation duct passes through the blast pipe and discharge pipe that bolt is equipped with L-type structure respectively, And the circumferential inner wall of blast pipe and discharge pipe passes through bolt respectively and is equipped with air inlet fan and blowing machine, the wind direction of air inlet fan is from upper Under and, the wind direction of blowing machine is that from bottom to top, blast pipe and discharge pipe are connected to air-inlet cavity and air-out chamber respectively.
Preferably, the top exterior walls of the first partition and the bottom outer wall of second partition, which are welded with, equidistantly distributes Stop collar, and the circumferential inner wall of stop collar is placed with ball, the top and bottom of ventilation duct circumferential inner wall offer equidistant The top inner wall of the sliding slot of distribution, sliding slot is connect with the top slide of stop collar outer circumferential walls, the spherical outer wall of ball respectively with The both ends inner wall of sliding slot is rotatablely connected.
Preferably, the two sides of the ventilation duct are provided with air supply tube and air-exhausting duct, and air supply tube and air-exhausting duct pass through respectively Bolt is mounted on the top inner wall in tunnel, is provided with the ventilation duct equidistantly distributed between air supply tube and air-exhausting duct, air supply tube and The wind direction of air-exhausting duct is one end from one end of discharge pipe to blast pipe.
Preferably, level is installed by bolt between the outer circumferential walls of the air supply tube and the outer circumferential walls of ventilation duct to put The installing pipe set, and the both ends of installing pipe circumferential inner wall pass through bolt and are equipped with the mounting plate equidistantly distributed, installing pipe circle For the mounting plate at all inner wall both ends in being spaced apart, mounting plate is arranged to wavelike structure, air supply tube circumferential inner wall side and installation It manages corresponding position and the baffle being obliquely installed is installed by bolt, baffle is tilted along the wind direction in air supply tube.
Preferably, level is installed by bolt between the outer circumferential walls of the air-exhausting duct and the outer circumferential walls of ventilation duct to put The fixing pipe set, and ventilation duct circumferential inner wall is equipped with the limit plate of arcuate structure close to the side of fixing pipe by bolt.
Compared with prior art, the present invention provides a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device, have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device, first partition and second partition can be rotated around fixed link, when generation fire When, it is discharged into hot wind from discharge pipe to air-out chamber in the ventilation duct of fire source location, outlet air cavity temperature increases, with air-inlet cavity Pressure difference is formed between interior air, so that first partition and second partition be made to deviate to the side of air-inlet cavity, reduces air-inlet cavity Aperture, reduces the air-supply of blast pipe, to reduce the oxygen of fire source point, prevents fiery expansion, auxiliary fire extinguishing, first partition and second The offset of partition while the aperture for increasing air-out chamber, increase air output, improve the effect of air draft smoke evacuation dirt, make ventilation duct in fire Emergency processing is made when generation, improves the using effect and security effect of ventilation equipment.
2, a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device, passes through between first partition and second partition and the inner wall of ventilation duct The stop collar of range distribution is connected with sliding slot, enable first partition and second partition it is stable deviate, the inside of stop collar Be rotatably connected to ball, can reduce the frictional force of stop collar Yu sliding slot both ends using ball, reduce frictional force to first partition and The influence of second partition offset, to guarantee first partition and second partition to air-inlet cavity and air-out chamber because the pressure difference that temperature generates is done Accurately offset out.
3, a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device, is respectively provided with symmetrical in the two sides of first partition and second partition Arc groove increases the contact area of first partition and second partition and air-inlet cavity and air-out chamber, and reduction first partition and the The volume of two partitions, improves first partition and second partition makes the sensitivity of offset to pressure difference between air-inlet cavity and air-out chamber.
4, the mounting plate that setting is spaced apart in the installing pipe between air supply tube and ventilation duct, mounting plate is arranged to wavy Structure effectively buffers the monsoon intensity that air supply tube enters air-inlet cavity, prevents the excessive damage first partition of wind-force and second partition, extend The service life of ventilation duct, and position corresponding with installing pipe is equipped with the baffle being obliquely installed in air supply tube, facilitate wind into Enter installing pipe.
5, it is connected between air-exhausting duct and ventilation duct by fixing pipe, arc is set in ventilation duct position corresponding with fixing pipe The limit plate of structure introduces air-exhausting duct using limit plate, and utilize arc after wind in tunnel enters air-out chamber from discharge pipe The limit plate of shape structure stops the granule foreign in wind into air-exhausting duct, prevents granule foreign from staying in ventilation duct, causes to lead to The damage of air hose.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of ventilation duct overlooking structure diagram of tunnel traffic ventilation device proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a kind of fixed link side structure schematic view of tunnel traffic ventilation device proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of ventilation duct structural schematic diagram of tunnel traffic ventilation device proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of stop collar enlarged structure schematic diagram of tunnel traffic ventilation device proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of whole wind direction structural schematic diagram of tunnel traffic ventilation device proposed by the present invention.
In figure: 1 ventilation duct, 101 fixed plates, 102 fixed links, 103 mounting rings, 104 first partitions, 105 fixed rings, 106 Second partition, 107 air inlet curtains, 108 go out air curtain, 2 air supply tubes, 201 installing pipes, 202 mounting plates, 203 baffles, 3 air-exhausting ducts, 301 Fixing pipe, 302 limit plates, 4 blast pipes, 5 discharge pipes, 6 stop collars, 7 balls, 8 sliding slots, 9 grooves.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " on ", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "bottom", "inner", "outside" is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to just In description the present invention and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, with Specific orientation construction and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
Referring to Fig.1-5, a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device, including ventilation duct 1,1 circumferential inner wall of ventilation duct top and bottom Two sides between portion pass through bolt and are equipped with the fixed plate 101 placed vertically, and the middle position welding of two fixed plates 101 There is the same horizontal positioned fixed link 102, the two sides of 102 outer circumferential walls of fixed link pass through bearing and are equipped with mounting ring 103, And the same first partition 104 placed vertically, 102 circumference of fixed link are welded at the top of two 103 outer circumferential walls of mounting ring The two sides of outer wall pass through bearing and are equipped with fixed ring 105, and fixed ring 105 is located at one of mounting ring 103 far from fixed plate 101 Side, the bottom of two 105 outer circumferential walls of fixed ring are welded with the same second partition 106 placed vertically, when a fire, First partition 104 and second partition 106 can shift because of pressure difference, and outside the two sides of first partition 104 and second partition 106 Wall offers the groove 9 equidistantly distributed, the hemispherical structure of groove 9, and 106 two sides of first partition 104 and second partition Groove it is symmetrical, increase the contact area of first partition 104 and second partition 106 and air-inlet cavity and air-out chamber, raising the One partition 104 and second partition 106 make the sensitivity of offset to pressure difference between air-inlet cavity and air-out chamber.
In the present invention, one end welding of 106 the same side outer wall of first partition 104 and second partition has the same air inlet curtain 107, and first partition 104 and second partition 106 have the same air curtain out far from side outer wall one end welding of air inlet curtain 107 108, air curtain 108 is located at the one end of fixed link 102 far from air inlet curtain 107 out, the circumferential inner wall of ventilation duct 1, first partition 104, Constituting between second partition 106 and air inlet curtain 107 has air-inlet cavity, the circumferential inner wall of ventilation duct 1, first partition 104, second partition 106 and constituted between air curtain 108 have an air-out chamber out, the both ends outer wall of ventilation duct 1 pass through respectively bolt be equipped with L-type structure into Air hose 4 and discharge pipe 5, and the circumferential inner wall of blast pipe 4 and discharge pipe 5 passes through bolt respectively and is equipped with air inlet fan and blowing machine, The wind direction of air inlet fan be from top to bottom, the wind direction of blowing machine be from bottom to top, blast pipe 4 and discharge pipe 5 respectively with air-inlet cavity and Air-out chamber connection, realizes the ventilation in tunnel;
The top exterior walls of first partition 104 and the bottom outer wall of second partition 106 are welded with the stop collar 6 equidistantly distributed, And the circumferential inner wall of stop collar 6 is placed with ball 7, the top and bottom of 1 circumferential inner wall of ventilation duct, which offer, to be equidistantly distributed Sliding slot 8, the top inner wall of sliding slot 8 connect with the top slide of 6 outer circumferential walls of stop collar, the spherical outer wall of ball 7 respectively with The both ends inner wall of sliding slot 8 is rotatablely connected, and the frictional force of stop collar 6 Yu 8 both ends of sliding slot can be reduced using ball 7, reduces frictional force The influence that first partition 104 and second partition 106 are deviated;
The two sides of ventilation duct 1 are provided with air supply tube 2 and air-exhausting duct 3, and air supply tube 2 and air-exhausting duct 3 are mounted on by bolt respectively The top inner wall in tunnel is provided with the ventilation duct 1 equidistantly distributed, air supply tube 2 and air-exhausting duct 3 between air supply tube 2 and air-exhausting duct 3 Wind direction be one end from one end of discharge pipe 5 to blast pipe 4, the outer circumferential walls of air supply tube 2 and the outer circumferential walls of ventilation duct 1 Between horizontal positioned installing pipe 201 is installed by bolt, and the both ends of 201 circumferential inner wall of installing pipe pass through bolt and install There is the mounting plate 202 equidistantly distributed, the mounting plate 202 at 201 circumferential inner wall both ends of installing pipe is in be spaced apart, mounting plate 202 It is arranged to wavelike structure, effectively buffers the monsoon intensity that air supply tube 2 enters air-inlet cavity, prevent the excessive damage first partition of wind-force 104 and second partition 106,2 circumferential inner wall side of air supply tube position corresponding with installing pipe 201 inclination is equipped with by bolt and is set The baffle 203 set, baffle 203 are tilted along the wind direction in air supply tube 2, and wind is facilitated to enter installing pipe 201, the circumference of air-exhausting duct 3 Horizontal positioned fixing pipe 301 is installed by bolt, and in 1 circumference of ventilation duct between outer wall and the outer circumferential walls of ventilation duct 1 Wall is equipped with the limit plate 302 of arcuate structure close to the side of fixing pipe 301 by bolt, and the granule foreign in air draft is stopped It into air-exhausting duct 3, prevents granule foreign from staying in ventilation duct 1, causes the damage of ventilation duct.
In use, being made using air supply tube 2 and air-exhausting duct 3 distinguished and admirable through tunnel, it is arranged between air supply tube 2 and air-exhausting duct 3 equidistant Ventilation duct 1 from distribution, ventilation duct 1 is interior to be utilized first partition 104, second partition 106, enters the wind curtain 107 and the out difference of air curtain 108 Air-inlet cavity and air-out chamber are constituted, the wind of air supply tube 2 is blown from air-inlet cavity and blast pipe 4 to tunnel, and discharge pipe 5 is by the air in tunnel It is discharged from air-out chamber and air-exhausting duct 3, when a fire, the air-out chamber temperature in the ventilation duct 1 of fire source location increases, Pressure difference is formed between the air in air-inlet cavity, to make the lateral deviation of first partition 104 and second partition 106 to air-inlet cavity Move, reduce the aperture of air-inlet cavity, reduce the air-supply of blast pipe, to reduce the oxygen of fire source point, first partition 104 and second every The offset of plate 106 while the aperture for increasing air-out chamber, increase air output, improve the effect of air draft smoke evacuation dirt.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device, including ventilation duct (1), which is characterized in that ventilation duct (1) the circumferential inner wall top Two sides between portion and bottom pass through bolt and are equipped with the fixed plate (101) placed vertically, and in two fixed plates (101) Between position be welded with the same horizontal positioned fixed link (102), the two sides of fixed link (102) outer circumferential walls pass through axis It holds and is equipped with mounting ring (103), and be welded with same first placed vertically at the top of two mounting ring (103) outer circumferential walls Partition (104), the two sides of fixed link (102) outer circumferential walls pass through bearing and are equipped with fixed ring (105), and fixed ring (105) it is located at the side of mounting ring (103) far from fixed plate (101), the bottom weldering of two fixed ring (105) outer circumferential walls It is connected to the same second partition (106) placed vertically, and the two sides outer wall of first partition (104) and second partition (106) is equal Offer the groove (9) equidistantly distributed, the hemispherical structure of the groove (9), and first partition (104) and second partition (106) groove of two sides is symmetrical.
2. a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first partition (104) One end welding with second partition (106) the same side outer wall has the same air inlet curtain (107), and first partition (104) and second Partition (106) far from air inlet curtain (107) side outer wall one end welding have it is same go out air curtain (108), air curtain (108) is located at out The one end of fixed link (102) far from air inlet curtain (107), the circumferential inner wall of ventilation duct (1), first partition (104), second partition (106) constituting between air inlet curtain (107) has air-inlet cavity, the circumferential inner wall of ventilation duct (1), first partition (104), second partition (106) and constituting between air curtain (108) out has air-out chamber.
3. a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the two of the ventilation duct (1) End outer wall passes through blast pipe (4) and discharge pipe (5) that bolt is equipped with L-type structure, and blast pipe (4) and discharge pipe (5) respectively Circumferential inner wall pass through bolt respectively air inlet fan and blowing machine be installed, the wind direction of air inlet fan is the wind of blowing machine from top to bottom To being that from bottom to top, blast pipe (4) and discharge pipe (5) are connected to air-inlet cavity and air-out chamber respectively.
4. a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first partition (104) Top exterior walls and the bottom outer wall of second partition (106) be welded with the stop collar (6) equidistantly distributed, and stop collar (6) Circumferential inner wall be placed with ball (7), the top and bottom of ventilation duct (1) circumferential inner wall offer the sliding slot equidistantly distributed (8), the top inner wall of sliding slot (8) is connect with the top slide of stop collar (6) outer circumferential walls, the spherical outer wall difference of ball (7) It is rotatablely connected with the both ends inner wall of sliding slot (8).
5. a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the two of the ventilation duct (1) Side is provided with air supply tube (2) and air-exhausting duct (3), and air supply tube (2) and air-exhausting duct (3) are mounted on the top in tunnel by bolt respectively Portion's inner wall is provided with the ventilation duct (1) equidistantly distributed, air supply tube (2) and air-exhausting duct between air supply tube (2) and air-exhausting duct (3) (3) wind direction is one end from one end of discharge pipe (5) to blast pipe (4).
6. a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the circle of the air supply tube (2) It is equipped with horizontal positioned installing pipe (201) between all outer walls and the outer circumferential walls of ventilation duct (1) by bolt, and installing pipe (201) both ends of circumferential inner wall pass through bolt and are equipped with the mounting plate (202) equidistantly distributed, in installing pipe (201) circumference For the mounting plate (202) at wall both ends in being spaced apart, mounting plate (202) is arranged to wavelike structure, air supply tube (2) circumferential inner wall one Side position corresponding with installing pipe (201) is equipped with the baffle (203) being obliquely installed by bolt, and baffle (203) is along air-supply Manage the wind direction inclination in (2).
7. a kind of tunnel traffic ventilation device according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the circle of the air-exhausting duct (3) It is equipped with horizontal positioned fixing pipe (301) between all outer walls and the outer circumferential walls of ventilation duct (1) by bolt, and ventilation duct (1) circumferential inner wall is equipped with the limit plate (302) of arcuate structure close to the side of fixing pipe (301) by bolt.
CN201811087635.4A 2018-09-18 2018-09-18 Ventilation unit for tunnel traffic Active CN109139080B8 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811087635.4A CN109139080B8 (en) 2018-09-18 2018-09-18 Ventilation unit for tunnel traffic

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811087635.4A CN109139080B8 (en) 2018-09-18 2018-09-18 Ventilation unit for tunnel traffic

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CN109139080A true CN109139080A (en) 2019-01-04
CN109139080B CN109139080B (en) 2021-01-22
CN109139080B8 CN109139080B8 (en) 2021-03-19

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013152044A (en) * 2012-01-25 2013-08-08 Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd Corner vane for tunnel ventilation facility and method of installing the same
CN103611630A (en) * 2013-11-12 2014-03-05 诸岗 Air purifier and high-pressure dust removing plate thereof
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CN104847396A (en) * 2015-05-11 2015-08-19 上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司 Natural ventilation method of tunnel sound barrier
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JP2013152044A (en) * 2012-01-25 2013-08-08 Hitachi Plant Technologies Ltd Corner vane for tunnel ventilation facility and method of installing the same
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CN206929358U (en) * 2017-04-14 2018-01-26 彭伟成 One kind fire prevention flat gate valve
CN207122318U (en) * 2017-08-02 2018-03-20 张科 A kind of novel tunnel ventilation unit
CN207122319U (en) * 2017-08-15 2018-03-20 孔锐 A kind of tunnel ventilation device

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Effective date of registration: 20210121

Address after: 242131 No.9, west side of Tongzhan Road, Shizi Town, Langxi County, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

Patentee after: Anhui Zhenhan Construction Engineering Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 237100 industrial innovation center of Wanxi University, Lu'an City, Anhui Province

Patentee before: Su Qunjian

TR01 Transfer of patent right
CI03 Correction of invention patent

Correction item: Patentee|Address

Correct: Anhui Zhenhan Construction Engineering Co.,Ltd.|242131 No. 9, West Side of Tongzhan Road, Shizi Town, Langxi County, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

False: Su Qunjian|237100 Industrial Innovation Center, Wanxi College, Lu'an City, Anhui Province

Number: 04-02

Page: The title page

Volume: 37

Correction item: Patentee|Address

Correct: Anhui Zhenhan Construction Engineering Co.,Ltd.|242131 No. 9, West Side of Tongzhan Road, Shizi Town, Langxi County, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

False: Su Qunjian|237100 Industrial Innovation Center, Wanxi College, Lu'an City, Anhui Province

Number: 04-02

Volume: 37

CI03 Correction of invention patent
TR01 Transfer of patent right

Effective date of registration: 20231212

Address after: No.2, Wuhouci East Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000

Patentee after: Sichuan wisdom High Speed Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 242131 No.9, west side of Tongzhan Road, Shizi Town, Langxi County, Xuancheng City, Anhui Province

Patentee before: Anhui Zhenhan Construction Engineering Co.,Ltd.

TR01 Transfer of patent right