CN109138882A - Gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller and sampling method - Google Patents
Gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller and sampling method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109138882A CN109138882A CN201811016789.4A CN201811016789A CN109138882A CN 109138882 A CN109138882 A CN 109138882A CN 201811016789 A CN201811016789 A CN 201811016789A CN 109138882 A CN109138882 A CN 109138882A
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- China
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- cold source
- cavity pipe
- pressure
- drilling tool
- gas hydrates
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- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001269238 Data Species 0.000 description 1
- RBHJBMIOOPYDBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;propan-2-one Chemical compound O=C=O.CC(C)=O RBHJBMIOOPYDBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/08—Coating, freezing, consolidating cores; Recovering uncontaminated cores or cores at formation pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/10—Formed core retaining or severing means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
- E21B25/18—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors the core receiver being specially adapted for operation under water
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
Gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller and sampling method, drilling tool includes drilling tool outer tube, drilling tool inner tube assembly and drill bit, drilling tool inner tube assembly includes control-rod, sealing ring, exhaust valve spring, exhaust valve, exhaust plug, cold source cavity pipe, cold source cavity insulating layer, electromagnetic switch, relay, pressure sensor, pressure maintaining cavity pipe, pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer, insulating layer on flap valve, flap valve, torsional spring, core barrel, basket, piston, pull spring and cutting tooth, gas hydrates gastight sampling method and freezing sampling method are combined by gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller；Core barrel is sealed using flap valve, the reset pressure of gas hydrates rock core is kept to inhibit its decomposition；When core barrel leaks, and internal pressure reaches certain value, phase-change liquid is as cold source freezing gas hydrates rock core to -40 DEG C；The present invention improves the fidelity and coring success rate of gas hydrates rock core using refrigerating and pressure keeping double action.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping sampling method and its matched Sampling drillers, are suitable for sea
The drill sampling of ocean and land permafrost haorizon gas hydrates.
Background technique
China's conventional gas and oil resource has been far from satisfying the demand of economy and society development.Gas hydrates are mainly assigned
It is stored in world ocean continental margin and high latitude tundra, has the characteristics that energy resource density is high, distribution is wide, scale is big, it is shallow to bury,
And the natural gas of output can satisfy the requirement of the energy, economy and environment, be the new cleaning fuel with commercial exploitation prospects.
Gas hydrates can be only present under the conditions of certain temperature and pressure, generally require temperature lower than 0 DEG C~10 DEG C, and pressure is high
In 10MPa, once temperature increases or pressure reduction, methane gas can then escape, solid gas hydrate will be decomposed, therefore
How a great problem that the gas hydrates rock core of high-fidelity be hydrate exploration exploitation is obtained.
At present for the fidelity sampling of gas hydrates there are mainly two types of thinking, one kind being to maintain gas hydrates rock
The decomposition of the pressure restraining gas hydrates of the heart mainly utilizes ball valve and flap valve etc. in gas hydrates rock core by card
It has no progeny and the pressure maintaining basket specially designed is closed and sealed in lifting process, and passive type is realized using thermal insulation material
Heat preservation, i.e., keep the pressure and temperature in situ of gas hydrates reservoir Hi-Fi to obtain by way of mechanical pressure maintaining
Gas hydrates rock core；But since mechanical pressure maintaining mechanism structure is complicated, not easy to operate in its actual application；Once machine
The leakproofness of tool pressure-keeping mechanism is slightly decreased, then gas hydrates rock core cannot keep initial pressure, coring is caused to be lost
It loses.The heat preserving method of gas hydrates rock core mainly uses thermal insulation material to realize passive type heat preserving method in hole, is drilling
Under the conditions of the complicated thermal condition of sampling, the heat preserving method of passive type is unable to maintain that the original temperature of gas hydrates rock core.By
It is influenced in by formation condition and temperature in borehole and pressure, this kind of sampler bores in practical applications obtains gas hydrates guarantor
The success rate of true rock core is lower than 60%.Another thinking is to inhibit the decomposition of gas hydrates by low temperature, using can phase transformation
Fluid is cold source, and the storage that cold source is stored in drilling tool is cold intracavitary, after drilling, triggers control mechanism, cold source is injected into cold
Freeze chamber, the gas hydrates in basket are chilled to the low-temperature range of a requirement by cold source vaporization heat absorption, guarantee day
Right gas hydrate does not decompose in sampling process.But the original basis of gas hydrates rock core can be changed in this way
Physical property causes the test datas such as sound wave and the resistivity of gas hydrates rock core to change.
In conclusion since simple freezing sampling will lead to the original base physical property hair of gas hydrates rock core
Changing is unfavorable for the analysis test of some properties in later period；But the success rate of simple gastight sampling is lower, is not able to satisfy
The requirement of Gas Hydrate Drilling sampling；Therefore, the primitive character of gas hydrates rock core how had not only been can guarantee but also can mention
The success rate of high gas hydrates coring is current urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provides a kind of gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller and takes
Quadrat method based on gastight sampling, guarantees natural gas hydration by organically combining gastight sampling method and freezing sampling method
The primitive character of object rock core；Using freezing sampling supplemented by pressure maintaining failure in the case where, by freezing ensure gas hydrates
Rock core does not decompose, and improves coring rate.
In order to achieve the above objectives, this institute, which invents, adopts the following technical scheme that:
Gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller, including drilling tool outer tube, drilling tool inner tube assembly and drill bit, the drilling tool
Outer tube is set in the outside of drilling tool inner tube assembly, has annular spaces between drilling tool outer tube and drilling tool inner tube assembly；The drill bit
It is arranged in drilling tool outer pipe bottom, which is characterized in that the drilling tool inner tube assembly includes control-rod, sealing ring, exhaust valve spring, row
Air valve body, exhaust plug, cold source cavity pipe, cold source cavity insulating layer, electromagnetic switch, relay, pressure sensor, pressure maintaining cavity
Insulating layer on pipe, pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer, flap valve, torsional spring, core barrel, basket, piston, pulls spring and cutting tooth, institute at flap valve
The top for stating control-rod is hollow structure, is provided with the drilling fluid inlet being connected to upper part hollow structure on control-rod, controls
Bar top is provided with boss, which is greater than the internal diameter of drilling tool outer tube top concave station, and control-rod is suspended on drilling tool outer tube
On concave station；The sealing ring is arranged between cold source cavity pipe and drilling tool outer tube, and sealing ring and cold source cavity pipe pass through spiral shell
Line connection；The exhaust valve is mounted on the cold source inlet of cold source cavity pipe, and connect with cold source cavity pipe screw thread；The row
Spring for valve is arranged inside exhaust valve, and the top of exhaust valve spring is connect with exhaust valve inner top, exhaust valve spring
Lower part is contacted with exhaust plug, and exhaust plug is got lodged in the exhaust ports of cold source cavity pipe by the pretightning force that exhaust valve spring provides；
The cold source cavity pipe, pressure maintaining cavity pipe, core barrel and cutting tooth are set on control-rod, and cold source cavity pipe, pressure maintaining chamber
Body pipe, core barrel and cutting tooth sequentially pass through threaded connection from top to bottom, and wherein the inner wall of cold source cavity pipe is provided with cold source chamber
Body insulating layer, the inner wall of pressure maintaining cavity pipe are provided with pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer；The basket is arranged inside core barrel, and rock core
The internal diameter of pipe is less than the internal diameter of cutting tooth；The top for pulling spring is connect with basket, and the lower part for pulling spring is connect with cutting tooth；Institute
It states piston to be arranged in barrel interior, and the top of piston is connect with control-rod；The top of the electromagnetic switch is located at cold source chamber
The cold source exit of body pipe is connected inside the lower part of electromagnetic switch and pressure maintaining cavity pipe；The pressure sensor is located at pressure maintaining
The inside of cavity pipe, pressure sensor and relay communicate to connect；The relay and electromagnetic switch communicate to connect, and relay is used
State is opened or closed in what the pressure data sent according to pressure sensor determined electromagnetic switch；The lower end of the torsional spring is fixed
In the groove on core barrel top, the upper end of torsional spring is connect with flap valve；The flap valve is pressed in control under the action of torsional spring
On bar, and the side of flap valve towards pressure maintaining cavity pipe is provided with insulating layer on flap valve.
Wherein, model JZX-22F (D)/2Z+CZY08A miniature relay of the relay.
Gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping sampling method, which is characterized in that the sampling method uses the gas water
It closes object refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller to be sampled, specifically comprise the following steps:
1. the earth's surface preparation stage: before carrying out coring, first by the exhaust valve on cold source cavity pipe top, exhaust
Valve spring and exhaust plug remove；Then it injects liquid nitrogen into cold source cavity pipe it is pre-chilled, temperature inside cold source cavity pipe
Degree terminates to be pre-chilled when being down to -100 DEG C；Using phase-change liquid as in cold source injection cold source cavity pipe；After completing cold source injection, it will arrange
Air valve body, exhaust valve spring and exhaust plug reinstall on cold source cavity pipe；The open signal of electromagnetic switch is preset,
I.e. when pressure sensor detects that the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe reaches setting value, relay is sent according to pressure sensor
Pressure data opens electromagnetic switch to electromagnetic switch transmitting signal；
2. the initial stage: after completing step 1., drilling tool inner tube assembly being put into drilling tool outer tube, the boss on control-rod top
It is sitting on the concave station of drilling tool outer tube, drilling tool inner tube assembly is hanging, and 2mm~4mm distance is kept between cutting tooth and bottom hole；Cold source is deposited
Storage is inside cold source cavity pipe；Flap valve is pressed on control-rod under the action of torsional spring；Electromagnetic switch is in close state；Piston
Lower part in core barrel is simultaneously sealed against；
3. the coring stage: turn on pump starts the cycle over drilling fluid, and the through-hole on drilling fluid from control-rod top enters in drilling tool
Inside pipe assembly, then enter the space that control-rod, drilling tool outer tube, sealing ring and cold source cavity pipe surround through drilling fluid inlet
It is interior；Since sealing ring shuts the annular spaces between drilling tool outer tube and drilling tool inner tube assembly, drilling fluid can not flow downward, therefore
Hydrostatic pressure above cold source cavity pipe gradually rises, and pushes drilling tool inner tube assembly to move down, cutting tooth is in hydrostatic pressure
Effect is lower to cut natural gas hydrate stratum；At this time due to there is the obstruction control-rod of drilling tool outer tube that can not move down, cause to live
Plug is gradually increasing relative to core barrel；Gas hydrates rock core is obtained under cutting tooth effect；Then in piston relative to taking
The swabbing action that heart cylinder generates when moving up progresses into gas hydrates rock core in core barrel, pulls in the process
Spring hinders the gas hydrates rock core drilled through to drop out out of core barrel；When cutting tooth drives core barrel to be completely forced into gas water
After closing object stratum, gas hydrates rock core fills up core barrel, and piston reaches the topmost of core barrel, coring stage knot
Beam；
4. the pressure maintaining rock core stage: after coring, putting into fisher, the recovery hook of fisher is stuck in control-rod top
Groove in, above mention fisher, fisher drives control-rod to move up, while piston driving core barrel moves up；Drilling tool
Inner tube assembly other parts move down under self gravitation effect relative to control-rod, and core barrel progresses into pressure maintaining cavity
Pipe, after core barrel is completely into pressure maintaining cavity pipe, flap valve shuts the lower part of pressure maintaining cavity pipe under the action of torsional spring, at this time
Pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe is the reset pressure of gas hydrates reservoir；In pressure sensor real-time monitoring pressure maintaining cavity pipe
Pressure change, when the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe is not up to setting value, electromagnetic switch remains closed state, and cold source begins
It is stored in cold source cavity pipe eventually；
5. the freezing core stage: when pressure sensor detects the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe lower than setting value, relay
Issue signal to electromagnetic switch, electromagnetic switch is opened, outflow in the self cooling source chamber body pipe of cold source, through electromagnetic switch enter core barrel with
In annular spaces between pressure maintaining cavity inside pipe wall, gas hydrates rock core is refrigerated to -40 DEG C hereinafter, really by cold source gasification heat absorption
Determine gas hydrates rock core not decompose；
6. continuing the drilling stage: after gas hydrates rock core is mentioned aperture, needing to continue to be drilled down into natural gas
Hydrate formation continues to drill through gas hydrates rock core, first has to circulating fluid, in the feelings for not putting into drilling tool inner tube assembly
Rotary tools outer tube drives drill bit to be drilled down into natural gas hydrate stratum under condition；Then stop to bore, repeat above step,
Obtain gas hydrates rock core.
Through the above design, the present invention can be brought the following benefits: existing natural gas is hydrated by the present invention
Object gastight sampling method and freezing sampling method are organically combined by gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller；Using
Flap valve seals the core barrel of drilling tool, and the reset pressure of gas hydrates rock core is kept to inhibit point of gas hydrates
Solution；When core barrel leaks, and internal pressure reaches certain value, natural gas is freezed as cold source using low temperature phase change liquid
Hydrate rock core is to -40 DEG C；Using refrigerating and pressure keeping double action improve gas hydrates rock core fidelity and coring at
Power.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes part of this application, this hair
Bright illustrative embodiments and their description explanation does not constitute improper restriction of the invention for understanding the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1.
It is respectively marked in figure as follows: 1- control-rod, 2- drilling tool outer tube, 3- drilling fluid inlet, 4- sealing ring, 5- exhaust valve bullet
Spring, 6- exhaust valve, 7- exhaust plug, 8- cold source cavity pipe, 9- cold source cavity insulating layer, 10- electromagnetic switch, 11- relay,
12- pressure sensor, 13- pressure maintaining cavity pipe, 14- pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer, insulating layer on 15- flap valve, 16- flap valve, 17- are turned round
Spring, 18- core barrel, 19- basket, 20- piston, 21- pull spring, 22- cutting tooth, 23- drill bit.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further below with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings
It is bright.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that.Specifically described content is illustrative and be not restrictive below, should not be with this
It limits the scope of the invention.In order to avoid obscuring essence of the invention, well known method, process, process and element are not
It is described in detail.
For the present invention using phase-change liquid as cold source, phase-change liquid uses temperature mixed for 0 DEG C~-120 DEG C of alcohol-dry ice
Close the low of heat absorption that can gasify such as the liquid nitrogen that object, the acetone-dry ice mixture that temperature is 0 DEG C~-130 DEG C and temperature are -197 DEG C
Warm fluid；
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller, including drilling tool outer tube 2, drilling tool inner tube are total
At and drill bit 23, the drilling tool outer tube 2 is set in the outside of drilling tool inner tube assembly, between drilling tool outer tube 2 and drilling tool inner tube assembly
With annular spaces；The drill bit 23 is arranged in 2 bottom of drilling tool outer tube；The drilling tool inner tube assembly includes control-rod 1, sealing ring
4, exhaust valve spring 5, exhaust valve 6, exhaust plug 7, cold source cavity pipe 8, cold source cavity insulating layer 9, electromagnetic switch 10, relay
Device 11, pressure sensor 12, pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer 14, insulating layer 15, flap valve 16, torsional spring on flap valve
17, core barrel 18, basket 19, piston 20, pull spring 21 and cutting tooth 22, the top of the control-rod 1 is hollow structure, control
The drilling fluid inlet 3 being connected to upper part hollow structure is provided on bar 1,1 top of control-rod is provided with boss, the boss diameter
Greater than the internal diameter of 2 top concave station of drilling tool outer tube, control-rod 1 is suspended on the concave station of drilling tool outer tube 2；The setting of sealing ring 4 exists
Between cold source cavity pipe 8 and drilling tool outer tube 2, and sealing ring 4 is connected through a screw thread with cold source cavity pipe 8, by cold source cavity pipe 8
With the clearance seal between drilling tool outer tube 2；The exhaust valve 6 is mounted on the cold source inlet of cold source cavity pipe 8, and and cold source
Cavity pipe 8 is threadedly coupled；The exhaust valve spring 5 is arranged inside exhaust valve 6, the top of exhaust valve spring 5 and exhaust valve
The connection of 6 inner top of body, the lower part of exhaust valve spring 5 are contacted with exhaust plug 7, and the pretightning force that exhaust valve spring 5 provides will be vented
Spool 7 gets lodged in the exhaust ports of cold source cavity pipe 8；The cold source cavity pipe 8, pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, core barrel 18 and cutting tooth
22 are set on control-rod 1, and cold source cavity pipe 8, pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, core barrel 18 and cutting tooth 22 are from top to bottom sequentially
It is connected through a screw thread, the inner wall of cold source cavity pipe 8 is provided with cold source cavity insulating layer 9, and cold source cavity insulating layer 9 guarantees cold source chamber
8 inside of body pipe is insulated with external environment, and the inner wall of pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13 is provided with pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer 14；Pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer 14
For guaranteeing that 13 inside of pressure maintaining cavity pipe is insulated with extraneous；The basket 19 is arranged inside core barrel 18, and basket 19
Internal diameter be less than cutting tooth 22 internal diameter, it is ensured that gas hydrates rock core can enter basket 19；The top for pulling spring 21
It is connect with basket 19, the lower part for pulling spring 21 is connect with cutting tooth 22；The piston 20 is arranged inside basket 19, and piston
20 top is connect with control-rod 1；The top of the electromagnetic switch 10 is located at the cold source exit of cold source cavity pipe 8, and electromagnetism is opened
It is connected inside the lower part of pass 10 and pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13；The pressure sensor 12 is located at the inside of pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, pressure
Force snesor 12 is used to monitor the pressure change inside pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13；Pressure sensor 12 is connected with relay 11, relay
Device 11 is connected with electromagnetic switch 10；Pressure changing inside pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13 is passed to relay by pressure sensor 12
11, when pressure drops to setting value, relay 11, which controls the opening of electromagnetic switch 10, to be made to flow into guarantor in the self cooling source chamber body pipe 8 of cold source
Cavity pipe 13 is pressed, the lower end of the torsional spring 17 is fixed in the groove on 18 top of core barrel, the upper end of torsional spring 17 and flap valve 16
Connection；The flap valve 16 is pressed on control-rod 1 under the action of torsional spring 17, and flap valve 16 is towards the one of pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13
Side is provided with insulating layer 15 on flap valve.
When work the drilling fluid of the top of cold source cavity pipe 8 push cold source cavity pipe 8, pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, core barrel 18 and
Cutting tooth 22 is pressed into natural gas hydrate stratum, and cutting natural gas hydrate stratum obtains column gas hydrates rock core,
Gas hydrates rock core enters inside basket 19 under the swabbing action of piston 20, pulls spring 21 in the process and guarantees to enter
The gas hydrates rock core of basket 19 will not be dropped out due to gravity.
Specific gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping sampling method includes the following steps:
1. the earth's surface preparation stage: before carrying out coring, it is necessary first to by the exhaust valve on 8 top of cold source cavity pipe
6, exhaust valve spring 5 and exhaust plug 7 remove, and then inject liquid nitrogen into cold source cavity pipe 8 and it is pre-chilled, due to cold source
Have cold source cavity insulating layer 9 in cavity pipe 8, be maintained in precooling process, cooling capacity will not a lot of leakage, cold source cavity pipe 8 can be made
Internal temperature decline rapidly, when the temperature in cold source cavity pipe 8 is down to -100 DEG C, pre-cooling terminates；Finally by phase-change liquid
It is injected in cold source cavity pipe 8 as cold source, due to having carried out the effect of pre-cooling and cold source cavity insulating layer 9, so phase-change liquid
It will not gasify because of heat absorption；Exhaust valve 6, exhaust valve spring 5 and exhaust plug 7 are reinstalled to after the completion of above step
On cold source cavity pipe 8；The open signal of electromagnetic switch 10 is set, when pressure sensor 12 detects the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13
When power is reduced to a certain particular value, relay 11, which can emit signal to electromagnetic switch 10, opens electromagnetic switch 10.
2. the initial stage: after the completion of cold source loads, drilling tool inner tube assembly being put into drilling tool outer tube 2, drilling tool inner tube assembly
The boss on 1 top of control-rod be sitting on the concave station of drilling tool outer tube 2, drilling tool inner tube assembly integrated hanging, cutting tooth 22 and bottom hole
Between keep 2mm~4mm distance；At this point, circulating fluid, cold source are not stored in inside cold source cavity pipe 8；Flap valve 16 is being turned round
It is pressed under the action of spring 17 on control-rod 1；Electromagnetic switch 10 is in close state, and cold source will not flow out in self cooling source chamber body pipe 8；
Piston 20 is in the lower part of core barrel 18, and is sealed against, it is ensured that drilling fluid, which will not enter in core barrel 18, pollutes natural gas
Hydrate rock core；
3. the coring stage: turn on pump starts the cycle over drilling fluid, and the through-hole on drilling fluid from 1 top of control-rod enters drilling tool
Inside inner tube assembly, then enters control-rod 1, drilling tool outer tube 2, sealing ring 4 and cold source cavity pipe 8 through drilling fluid inlet 3 and surround
Space in, shut since drilling tool outer tube 2 and drilling tool are bored the annular spaces between inner tube assembly by sealing ring 4, drilling fluid is without normal direction
Lower flowing, therefore the hydrostatic pressure of 8 top of cold source cavity pipe gradually rises, and pushes drilling tool inner tube assembly to move down, cutting tooth
22 cut natural gas hydrate stratum under the action of hydrostatic pressure；At this time due to there is the obstruction control-rod 1 of drilling tool outer tube 2 can not
It moves down, piston 20 is caused to be gradually increasing relative to core barrel 18；Gas hydrates rock is obtained under the effect of cutting tooth 22
The heart；Then the swabbing action generated when piston 20 is moved up relative to core barrel 18 make gas hydrates rock core gradually into
Enter into core barrel 18, reduces since the friction between 18 side wall of gas hydrates rock core and core barrel leads to water gas water
The case where closing the deformation of object rock core；Spring 21 is pulled in the process guarantees that the gas hydrates rock core drilled through will not be out of core barrel 18
It drops out；After cutting tooth 22 drives core barrel 18 to be completely forced into natural gas hydrate stratum, core barrel 18 is by gas hydrates
Rock core is filled, and piston 20 reaches the topmost of core barrel 18；The coring stage terminates at this time；
4. the pressure maintaining rock core stage: after coring, putting into fisher, the recovery hook of fisher is stuck on control-rod 1
In the groove in portion, fisher is above mentioned, fisher drives control-rod 1 to move up, while piston 20 drives core barrel 18 to moving up
It is dynamic；Drilling tool inner tube assembly other parts move down under self gravitation effect relative to control-rod 1, and core barrel 18 progresses into
Pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, after core barrel 18 is completely into pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13, flap valve 16 is under the action of torsional spring 17 by pressure maintaining
The lower part of cavity pipe 13 is shut, and the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13 is the reset pressure of gas hydrates reservoir at this time；Pressure
Pressure change in 12 real-time monitoring pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13 of sensor, the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13 are not up to setting value
When, electromagnetic switch 10 remains that closed state, cold source are stored in always in cold source cavity pipe 8, passes through cold source cavity insulating layer 9
Ensure that phase-change liquid will not gasify because of a large amount of heat exchange occur with the external world；
5. the freezing core stage: the freezing core stage is opened in the case where the failure of pressure maintaining rock core；When pressure maintaining cavity
When pressure in pipe 13 leaks, pressure sensor 12 detects the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe 13 lower than setting value, relay
Device 11 issues signal to electromagnetic switch 10, and electromagnetic switch 10 is opened, outflow in the self cooling source chamber body pipe 8 of cold source, through electromagnetic switch 10
Into in the annular spaces between 13 inner wall of core barrel 18 and pressure maintaining cavity pipe, due to existing between cold source and gas hydrates rock core
The biggish temperature difference, cold source, which largely gasifies to absorb heat, is refrigerated to -40 DEG C or less guarantee gas hydrates for gas hydrates rock core
Rock core is not decomposed；Since 13 inner wall of pressure maintaining cavity pipe is provided with the package of pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer 14 and flap valve 16 towards pressure maintaining
The side of cavity pipe 13 is provided with insulating layer 15 on flap valve, and therefore, cold source will not occur a large amount of with the external world in refrigerating process
It exchanges heat and leads to loss of refrigeration capacity；And it keeps gas hydrates rock core not exchange heat with the external world in lifting process, protects
Gas hydrates core temperature is demonstrate,proved at -40 DEG C or less；
6. continuing the drilling stage: after gas hydrates rock core is mentioned aperture, needing to continue to drill downwards into new
Natural gas hydrate stratum, continues to drill through gas hydrates rock core, first has to circulating fluid, and not putting into, drilling tool inner tube is total
Spun outer tube 2 drives drill bit 23 to be drilled down into natural gas hydrate stratum in the case where；Then stop to bore, repeat above
Step obtains new gas hydrates rock core.
Claims (3)
1. gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller, including drilling tool outer tube (2), drilling tool inner tube assembly and drill bit (23), institute
The outside that drilling tool outer tube (2) is set in drilling tool inner tube assembly is stated, is had between drilling tool outer tube (2) and drilling tool inner tube assembly cyclic annular empty
Gap；The drill bit (23) is arranged in drilling tool outer tube (2) bottom, which is characterized in that the drilling tool inner tube assembly includes control-rod
(1), sealing ring (4), exhaust valve spring (5), exhaust valve (6), exhaust plug (7), cold source cavity pipe (8), cold source cavity are protected
Warm layer (9), electromagnetic switch (10), relay (11), pressure sensor (12), pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13), pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer
(14), insulating layer (15) on flap valve, flap valve (16), torsional spring (17), core barrel (18), basket (19), piston (20), pull
Spring (21) and cutting tooth (22), the top of the control-rod (1) are hollow structure, be provided on control-rod (1) in upper part
The drilling fluid inlet (3) of hollow structure connection, control-rod (1) top are provided with boss, which is greater than on drilling tool outer tube (2)
The internal diameter of portion's concave station, control-rod (1) are suspended on the concave station of drilling tool outer tube (2)；The sealing ring (4) is arranged in cold source cavity pipe
(8) between drilling tool outer tube (2), and sealing ring (4) is connected through a screw thread with cold source cavity pipe (8)；The exhaust valve (6)
It is mounted on the cold source inlet of cold source cavity pipe (8), and is threadedly coupled with cold source cavity pipe (8)；The exhaust valve spring (5) sets
It sets in exhaust valve (6) inside, the top of exhaust valve spring (5) is connect with exhaust valve (6) inner top, exhaust valve spring (5)
Lower part contacted with exhaust plug (7), exhaust valve spring (5) provide pretightning force exhaust plug (7) is got lodged in into cold source cavity pipe
(8) exhaust ports；The cold source cavity pipe (8), pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13), core barrel (18) and cutting tooth (22) are set in
On control-rod (1), and cold source cavity pipe (8), pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13), core barrel (18) and cutting tooth (22) are from top to bottom sequentially
It is connected through a screw thread, wherein the inner wall of cold source cavity pipe (8) is provided with cold source cavity insulating layer (9), pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13)
Inner wall is provided with pressure maintaining chamber insulating layer (14)；Basket (19) setting is internal in core barrel (18), and basket (19)
Internal diameter is less than the internal diameter of cutting tooth (22)；The top for pulling spring (21) is connect with basket (19), pull the lower part of spring (21) with
Cutting tooth (22) connection；Piston (20) setting is internal in basket (19), and the top of piston (20) and control-rod (1) are even
It connects；The top of the electromagnetic switch (10) is located at the cold source exit of cold source cavity pipe (8), the lower part of electromagnetic switch (10) and guarantor
It is connected inside pressure cavity pipe (13)；The pressure sensor (12) is located at the inside of pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13), pressure sensor
(12) it is communicated to connect with relay (11)；The relay (11) and electromagnetic switch (10) communicate to connect, and relay (11) is used for
State is opened or closed according to what the pressure data that pressure sensor (12) are sent determined electromagnetic switch (10)；The torsional spring (17)
Lower end be fixed in the groove on core barrel (18) top, the upper end of torsional spring (17) is connect with flap valve (16)；The flap valve
(16) it is pressed on control-rod (1) under the action of torsional spring (17), and the side of flap valve (16) towards pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13) is set
It is equipped with insulating layer on flap valve (15).
2. gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller according to claim 1, wherein the type of the relay (11)
Number be JZX-22F (D)/2Z+CZY08A miniature relay.
3. gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping sampling method, which is characterized in that the sampling method is using as claimed in claim 1 or 2
Gas hydrates refrigerating and pressure keeping Sampling driller be sampled, specifically comprise the following steps:
1. the earth's surface preparation stage: before carrying out coring, first by the exhaust valve (6) on cold source cavity pipe (8) top, row
Spring for valve (5) and exhaust plug (7) remove；Then into cold source cavity pipe (8), it is pre-chilled in injection liquid nitrogen, cold source chamber
When body pipe (8) internal temperature is down to -100 DEG C, pre-cooling terminates；Using phase-change liquid as in cold source injection cold source cavity pipe (8)；It is complete
After injecting at cold source, exhaust valve (6), exhaust valve spring (5) and exhaust plug (7) are reinstalled into cold source cavity pipe (8)
On；The open signal of electromagnetic switch (10) is preset, i.e., when pressure sensor (12) detects in pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13)
When pressure reaches setting value, relay (11) emits according to the pressure data that pressure sensor (12) is sent to electromagnetic switch (10)
Signal opens electromagnetic switch (10)；
2. the initial stage: complete step 1. after, by drilling tool inner tube assembly put into drilling tool outer tube (2) in, control-rod (1) top it is convex
Platform is sitting on the concave station of drilling tool outer tube (2), and drilling tool inner tube assembly is hanging, between cutting tooth (22) and bottom hole keep 2mm~4mm away from
From；It is internal that cold source is stored in cold source cavity pipe (8)；Flap valve (16) is pressed on control-rod (1) under the action of torsional spring (17)；Electricity
Magnetic switch (10) is in close state；Piston (20) is in the lower part of core barrel (18) and is sealed against；
3. the coring stage: turn on pump starts the cycle over drilling fluid, and the through-hole on drilling fluid from control-rod (1) top enters in drilling tool
Inside pipe assembly, then enter control-rod (1), drilling tool outer tube (2), sealing ring (4) and cold source cavity pipe through drilling fluid inlet (3)
(8) in the space surrounded；Since sealing ring (4) shuts the annular spaces between drilling tool outer tube (2) and drilling tool inner tube assembly, drilling well
Liquid can not flow downward, therefore the hydrostatic pressure above cold source cavity pipe (8) gradually rises, and push drilling tool inner tube assembly to moving down
Dynamic, cutting tooth (22) cuts natural gas hydrate stratum under the action of hydrostatic pressure；At this time due to there is the resistance of drilling tool outer tube (2)
Hinder control-rod (1) that can not move down, piston (20) is caused to be gradually increasing relative to core barrel (18)；It is acted in cutting tooth (22)
Lower acquisition gas hydrates rock core；Then the swabbing action generated when piston (20) is moved up relative to core barrel (18)
It progresses into gas hydrates rock core in core barrel (18), pulls spring (21) in the process and hinder the gas water drilled through
Object rock core is closed to drop out out of core barrel (18)；When cutting tooth (22) drive core barrel (18) to be completely forced into natural gas hydrate stratum
Afterwards, gas hydrates rock core fills up core barrel (18), and piston (20) reaches the topmost of core barrel (18), coring stage
Terminate；
4. the pressure maintaining rock core stage: after coring, putting into fisher, the recovery hook of fisher is stuck in control-rod (1) top
Groove in, above mention fisher, fisher drives control-rod (1) to move up, while piston (20) drive core barrel (18) to
Upper movement；Drilling tool inner tube assembly other parts move down under self gravitation effect relative to control-rod (1), core barrel (18)
Pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13) is progressed into, after core barrel (18) is completely into pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13), flap valve (16) is in torsional spring
(17) lower part of pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13) is shut under the action of, the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13) is natural gas hydration at this time
The reset pressure of object reservoir；Pressure change in pressure sensor (12) real-time monitoring pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13), in pressure maintaining cavity
When pressure in pipe (13) is not up to setting value, electromagnetic switch (10) remains that closed state, cold source are stored in cold source always
In cavity pipe (8)；
5. the freezing core stage: when pressure sensor (12) detect the pressure in pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13) lower than setting value, after
Electric appliance (11) issues signal to electromagnetic switch (10), and electromagnetic switch (10) is opened, outflow in the self cooling source chamber body pipe (8) of cold source, warp
Electromagnetic switch (10) enters in the annular spaces between core barrel (18) and pressure maintaining cavity pipe (13) inner wall, and cold source gasification is absorbed heat day
Right gas hydrate rock core is refrigerated to -40 DEG C hereinafter, determining that gas hydrates rock core is not decomposed；
6. continuing the drilling stage: after gas hydrates rock core is mentioned aperture, needing to continue to be drilled down into natural gas hydration
Object stratum continues to drill through gas hydrates rock core, first has to circulating fluid, in the case where not putting into drilling tool inner tube assembly
Rotary tools outer tube (2) drives drill bit (23) to be drilled down into natural gas hydrate stratum；Then stop to bore, repeat the above step
Suddenly, gas hydrates rock core is obtained.
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| CN201811016789.4A CN109138882B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Natural gas hydrate freezing pressure-maintaining sampling drilling tool and sampling method |
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| CN201811016789.4A CN109138882B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | Natural gas hydrate freezing pressure-maintaining sampling drilling tool and sampling method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110847856A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-28 | 四川大学 | Flap valve structure of pressure maintaining coring device |
| CN111829814A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-27 | 西南石油大学 | Ball valve for sampling, natural gas hydrate fidelity sampler and sampling method |
| CN116220597A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-06-06 | 青岛科技大学 | Submarine natural gas freezing pressure-maintaining core exploratory drilling equipment |
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| CN104499976A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-04-08 | 吉林大学 | Hole bottom refrigeration wire core-drilling tool for mixed refrigeration of alcohol and liquid nitrogen |
| CN205400641U (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2016-07-27 | 吉林大学 | Sampler is sealed in shale gas and rock core pressurize |
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| US4825963A (en) * | 1988-07-11 | 1989-05-02 | Ruhle James L | High-pressure waterjet/abrasive particle-jet coring method and apparatus |
| CN201588577U (en) * | 2010-01-25 | 2010-09-22 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Active thermal insulation device adopted in coring |
| CN202031513U (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-11-09 | 黄卫东 | Core-taking grabbing spring for drilling soft and broken stratum geological cores |
| CN104499976A (en) * | 2014-12-13 | 2015-04-08 | 吉林大学 | Hole bottom refrigeration wire core-drilling tool for mixed refrigeration of alcohol and liquid nitrogen |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110847856A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-28 | 四川大学 | Flap valve structure of pressure maintaining coring device |
| CN110847856B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2024-04-12 | 四川大学 | Flap valve structure of pressure maintaining corer |
| CN111829814A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-27 | 西南石油大学 | Ball valve for sampling, natural gas hydrate fidelity sampler and sampling method |
| CN111829814B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-01-28 | 西南石油大学 | Ball valve for sampling, natural gas hydrate fidelity sampler and sampling method |
| CN116220597A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-06-06 | 青岛科技大学 | Submarine natural gas freezing pressure-maintaining core exploratory drilling equipment |
| CN116220597B (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-09-05 | 青岛科技大学 | Submarine natural gas freezing pressure-maintaining core exploratory drilling equipment |
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