CN109136588A - A kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate - Google Patents
A kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109136588A CN109136588A CN201811273871.5A CN201811273871A CN109136588A CN 109136588 A CN109136588 A CN 109136588A CN 201811273871 A CN201811273871 A CN 201811273871A CN 109136588 A CN109136588 A CN 109136588A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
- C22B34/1281—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using carbon containing agents, e.g. C, CO, carbides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/006—Starting from ores containing non ferrous metallic oxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/02—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in shaft furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1218—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
- C22B34/1286—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using hydrogen containing agents, e.g. H2, CaH2, hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology Direct Reduction Technology field more particularly to a kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced methods for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate.This method is using ilmenite concentrate acid pellet as raw material, it after putting it into gas-based shaft kiln using also Primordial Qi is reduced directly, then send to carrying out molten point in intermediate frequency furnace, obtains the pig iron and high titanium slag, rate of recovery of iron is greater than 97% in the pig iron obtained in it, TiO in high titanium slag2The rate of recovery be greater than 95%.This method process is short and linking is compact, and high production efficiency, comprehensive energy consumption is low, provides new method for the comprehensive utilization of ilmenite concentrate high-efficiency cleaning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology direct-reduction field more particularly to a kind of ilmenite concentrate is gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced produces
The method of high titanium slag.
Background technique
Before titanium has important utility value and wide application in fields such as aerospace, biomedicine, Vehicle Engineerings
Scape.The titanium ore reserves of China Panzhihua Region are maximum, account for the 48% of domestic gross reserves, but mostly mineral structure is fine and close and is dissolved
The calcium of high level and the rock mine of magnesium, therefore the ilmenite concentrate grade selected is low, non-ferrotitanium impurity content is high.Calcium in ilmenite concentrate is main
Exist in the form of plagioclase and two kinds of titanaugite, magnesium is then mainly with plagioclase and (Mg, Fe) TiO3Isomorphous form exists,
Therefore the object phase composition of ilmenite concentrate and mineral structure are sufficiently complex, belong to typical difficult (companion) altogether raw complicated iron-containing resource.
Mainly had in industry by the method for ilmenite concentrate production high-grade rich-titanium material at present: coal base reduction-electric furnace smelting process, choosing
Select chloridising, Reductive leaching and the acid-hatching of young eggs.(1) coal base reduction-electric furnace smelting process: process flow is short, and factory floor space is small,
The byproduct pig iron can directly be smelted, but this method energy consumption is high, and carbon emission is big, and titanium slag is by solid reductant ash content and impurity
It influences, grade is low, poor activity；(2) selective chlorination: simple process, power consumption is small, and production capacity is big, easily realization continuous production, slag iron point
From thorough, but when handling the higher ilmenite of calcic, magnesium, it is difficult to solve CaCl2、MgCl2The problem of furnace bottom is enriched with ramming material, produce
Raw FeCl3Easily deteriorate boiling, Cl2With HCl severe corrosion to equipment, tail gas is difficult to handle；(3) Reductive leaching: process letter
Single, at low cost, pollution is small, but this method is only applicable to handle high-grade beach ore in sand form, and China's major part ilmenite concentrate is not
Suitable for the technique；(4) acid-hatching of young eggs: can effectively remove the impurity such as iron, magnesium, aluminium, manganese, obtain the artificial of high-grade (90~96%)
Rutile, but secondary long flow path, and also need to discharge a large amount of liquid wastes.
Patent CN 102399994B discloses a kind of method of smelting titanium slag, and this method is by ilmenite concentrate, binder, carbonaceous
Pellet or briquetting block is made in the mixture of reducing agent, and gold is made using annular furnace or rotary hearth furnace prereduction pellet or briquetting mine
Belong to pellet or metallization briquetting, then gets half steel and titanium slag using electric furnace is molten, this method belongs to typical coal base also
Original-electro-smelting technique, the ash content and impurity in carbonaceous reducing agent are unfavorable to titanium slag grade and activity；Secondly carbonaceous is largely used
Reducing agent, it is molten to divide clinker TiO2Content is high, easily forms high-melting-point titanium carbide, influences cinder viscosity, it is efficient with titanium slag to be unfavorable for iron
Separation；Based on radiant heat transfer, the thermal efficiency is not high for rotary hearth furnace or annular furnace simultaneously, carries out agglomerate reduction using it, and energy consumption is high, produces
Product degree of metalization is difficult to improve, and is increased to melt and is divided load.Patent CN106591600A discloses a kind of low temperature gas-based reduction containing ferrotianium
The method that mineral dust prepares high titanium slag, this method carry out gas-based reduction using powder-material, and production capacity and treating capacity are limited, and
And when being produced using powder, since powder particles are thinner, directly enter furnace production and be difficult to control, be unfavorable for maintaining reduction furnace
Stability, in addition fused catalyst Na is added during molten point in this method2CO3, wherein Na+On electric furnace liner influence compared with
Greatly, lining wear can be aggravated.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
The problem of for the above ilmenite concentrate smelting process, the present invention provide a kind of ilmenite concentrate gas-based shaft kiln directly also
The method that original produces high titanium slag, this method using gas-based shaft kiln as capital equipment, gas-based shaft kiln have it is environmental-friendly, low energy consumption,
The advantages such as single machine production capacity is big, production is flexible, as coal gas technology graduallys mature, China has Development of Coal gas-gas base shaft furnace
The subjects such as chemical industry, metallurgy, equipment manufacturing involved in technique, industry technology basis are reduced directly, coal gas-is shaft kiln directly reduced
Technique is the dominant direction of China's direct-reduction development.The present invention fully considers the basic characteristic of ilmenite concentrate, and gas-based shaft kiln is straight
It connects reduction-and melts division technique applied to ilmenite concentrate utilization, meet the overall background of China's green low-carbon metallurgy, be China's ilmenite concentrate resource
High-efficiency cleaning comprehensive utilization provides new approaches, is of great significance.
(2) technical solution
In order to achieve the above object, the main technical schemes that the present invention uses include:
A kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate is used using gas-based shaft kiln as capital equipment
Ilmenite concentrate acid pellet is primary raw material, is reduced directly using also Primordial Qi, then molten exist respectively using intermediate frequency furnace
Reason, the intensity of used ilmenite concentrate acid pellet is not less than 2500N, and is produced using following steps:
(1) ilmenite concentrate acid pellet is added in gas-based shaft kiln, while is continually fed into reducing gas into shaft furnace, carried out
Ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet is made after direct-reduction；
(2) the ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet obtained after will be gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced is sent to intermediate frequency furnace, and to furnace
Interior addition reducing agent and fluxing agent, control is molten to divide process atmosphere to be vacuum or argon atmosphere, realizes slag iron separation after molten point, obtains
The pig iron and high titanium slag.
Specifically, at 950~1100 DEG C, the recovery time is not less than 60min for reduction temperature control.
Specifically, the reducing gas flow being passed through is 4~6m3/m2Min, also H in Primordial Qi2The volume ratio of+CO is not less than
93%, H2Molar ratio with CO is 2.0~4.0.
Specifically, it melts and divides temperature control at 1550~1650 DEG C, be 20~30min between molten timesharing.
Specifically, reducing agent is one of active carbon or semi-coke, and the additional proportion of reducing agent need to guarantee solid in reducing agent
The molar ratio for determining FeO in carbon and ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet is 0.8~1.2.
Specifically, the fluxing agent is quick lime, clinker diacidic base during the additional proportion of quick lime need to guarantee molten point
Degree is 0.6~1.1.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) basic characteristic for taking into account ilmenite concentrate divides new process using ilmenite concentrate is gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced-molten, improves
The deficiency of the techniques such as existing coal base reduction-electric heating melting point.Use clean gas as reducing agent, reaction rate is fast, and due to not
By the pollution of ash content in reducing agent and impurity, obtained titanium slag grade is high, and activity is big.
(2) by gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced, ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet degree of metalization is high, and remaining FeO content is few, melts
Supplying ash content and the few active carbon or semi-coke of impurity are used as reducing agent during point, are conducive to maintenance clinker good fluidity, change
Kind molten transfer mechanical condition, promotes slag iron to efficiently separate.
(3) entire process flow is simple, carrying capacity of environment is low, energy consumption is small, the valuable constituent element rate of recovery is high, process operability
By force, it realizes iron in ilmenite concentrate to efficiently separate with titanium, obtains rich titanium slag, can be used for the comprehensive benefit of high-efficiency cleaning of ilmenite concentrate
With.
Specific embodiment
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, and the advantages and features of the present invention can in the de-scription more
It is clear, but these embodiments are only exemplary in nature, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.
Embodiment one
Using certain ilmenite concentrate acid pellet as raw material, wherein Iron grade TFe is 34.17%, the mass fraction of FeO is
0.13%, TiO2Mass fraction be 40.56%, compression strength be greater than 2500N.
Implementation steps are as follows:
(1) gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced: ilmenite concentrate acid pellet being added in shaft furnace, while being continually fed into shaft furnace
5m3/m2Min reducing gas, also H in Primordial Qi2The volume ratio of+CO is 93%, H2With the molar ratio 2.0 of CO, reduction temperature is controlled
1000 DEG C, recovery time 60min, the ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet obtained according to this, degree of metalization 93.25%.
(2) melt point: the ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet after will be gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced is sent to intermediate frequency furnace, and to furnace
Interior addition active carbon will guarantee in fixed carbon and ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet in active carbon as reducing agent, the ratio of addition
The molar ratio of FeO is 0.8；
Quick lime is added as fluxing agent, clinker dual alkalinity is 0.8 during the ratio of addition will guarantee molten point.
Control is molten to divide process atmosphere to be vacuum or argon atmosphere, and control is molten to divide temperature to be 1575 DEG C, is between molten timesharing
20min obtains the pig iron and high titanium slag, and the rate of recovery of iron is 97.96% in the pig iron, TiO in high titanium slag2The rate of recovery be
95.48%.
Embodiment two
Still be 34.17% with Iron grade TFe in embodiment one, the mass fraction of FeO is 0.13%, TiO2Mass fraction
It is 40.56%, ilmenite concentrate acid pellet of the compression strength greater than 2500N is raw material.
Implementation steps are as follows:
(1) gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced: ilmenite concentrate acid pellet being added at the top of shaft furnace, while persistently being led into shaft furnace
Enter 5m3/m2Min reducing gas, also H in Primordial Qi2The volume ratio of+CO is 94%, H2With the molar ratio 2.5 of CO, control reduction temperature
1050 DEG C, recovery time 60min of degree, the ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet obtained according to this, degree of metalization 94.73%.
(2) melt point: the ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet after will be gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced is sent to intermediate frequency furnace, and to furnace
As reducing agent, additional proportion guarantees to guarantee in the fixed carbon and ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet in active carbon interior addition active carbon
FeO molar ratio be 1.0；
Quick lime is added as fluxing agent, clinker dual alkalinity is 0.8 during the ratio of addition will guarantee molten point.
Control is molten to divide process atmosphere to be vacuum or argon atmosphere, and control is molten to divide temperature to be 1600 DEG C, is between molten timesharing
20min obtains the pig iron and high titanium slag, and the rate of recovery of iron is 98.53% in the pig iron, TiO in high titanium slag2The rate of recovery be
96.25%.
Embodiment three
Still be 34.17% with Iron grade TFe in embodiment one, the mass fraction of FeO is 0.13%, TiO2Mass fraction
It is 40.56%, ilmenite concentrate acid pellet of the compression strength greater than 2500N is raw material.
Implementation steps are as follows:
(1) gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced: ilmenite concentrate acid pellet being added at the top of shaft furnace, while persistently being led into shaft furnace
Enter 5m3/m2Min reducing gas, also H in Primordial Qi2The volume ratio of+CO is 94%, H2With the molar ratio 3.0 of CO, control reduction temperature
1100 DEG C, recovery time 70min of degree, the ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet obtained according to this, degree of metalization 95.93%.
(2) melt point: the ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet after will be gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced is sent to intermediate frequency furnace, and to furnace
Interior addition active carbon will guarantee in fixed carbon and ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet in active carbon as reducing agent, the ratio of addition
The molar ratio of FeO is 1.0；
Quick lime is added as fluxing agent, clinker dual alkalinity is 0.9 during the ratio of addition will guarantee molten point.
Control is molten to divide process atmosphere to be vacuum or argon atmosphere, and control is molten to divide temperature to be 1650 DEG C, is between molten timesharing
25min obtains the pig iron and high titanium slag, and the rate of recovery of iron is 99.12% in the pig iron, TiO in high titanium slag2The rate of recovery be
97.63%.
It is to be appreciated that describing the skill simply to illustrate that of the invention to what specific embodiments of the present invention carried out above
Art route and feature, its object is to allow those skilled in the art to can understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, but
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned particular implementations.All various changes made within the scope of the claims are repaired
Change, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate, using gas-based shaft kiln as capital equipment, using titanium
Concentrate acid pellet is primary raw material, is reduced directly using also Primordial Qi, then carries out molten point of processing using intermediate frequency furnace,
It is characterized by: the intensity of used ilmenite concentrate acid pellet is not less than 2500N, and produced using following steps:
(1) ilmenite concentrate acid pellet is added in gas-based shaft kiln, while is continually fed into reducing gas into shaft furnace, carried out direct
Ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet is made after reduction；
(2) the ilmenite concentrate metallized pellet obtained after will be gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced is sent to intermediate frequency furnace, and is added into furnace
Enter reducing agent and fluxing agent, control is molten to divide process atmosphere to be vacuum or argon atmosphere, realizes slag iron separation after molten point, obtains the pig iron
And high titanium slag.
2. the step in a kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate according to claim 1
(1), it is characterised in that:
At 950~1100 DEG C, the recovery time is not less than 60min for reduction temperature control.
3. the step in a kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate according to claim 1
(1), it is characterised in that:
The reducing gas flow being passed through is 4~6m3/m2Min, also H in Primordial Qi2The volume ratio of+CO is not less than 93%, H2With CO's
Molar ratio is 2.0~4.0.
4. the step in a kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate according to claim 1
(2), it is characterised in that:
It is molten to divide temperature control at 1550~1650 DEG C, it is 20~30min between molten timesharing.
5. the step in a kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate according to claim 1
(2), it is characterised in that:
The reducing agent is one of active carbon or semi-coke, and the additional proportion of reducing agent need to guarantee fixed carbon and titanium in reducing agent
The molar ratio of FeO is 0.8~1.2 in concentrate metallized pellet.
6. the step in a kind of gas-based shaft kiln directly reduced method for producing high titanium slag of ilmenite concentrate according to claim 1
(2), it is characterised in that:
The fluxing agent is quick lime, during the additional proportion of quick lime need to guarantee molten point clinker dual alkalinity be 0.6~
1.1。
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111100984A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-05-05 | 武汉科思瑞迪科技有限公司 | Titanium slag treatment method |
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| CN111100984A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2020-05-05 | 武汉科思瑞迪科技有限公司 | Titanium slag treatment method |
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