CN109136517A - A kind of processing method reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching - Google Patents
A kind of processing method reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching Download PDFInfo
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- CN109136517A CN109136517A CN201810825006.0A CN201810825006A CN109136517A CN 109136517 A CN109136517 A CN 109136517A CN 201810825006 A CN201810825006 A CN 201810825006A CN 109136517 A CN109136517 A CN 109136517A
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- gear
- quenching
- carburizing
- deformation
- teeth directional
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of processing method of reduction helical gear carburizing and quenching deformation, the following steps are included: reserve the spiral angle variable β ' of reversible deformation to bevel wheel machining before gear carries out carburizing and quenching, i.e., before carburizing and quenching process helical gear processing helical angle be equal to subtracted on the basis of designing helixangleβ reversible deformation helical angle margin beta '；The spiral angle variable β ' is set by the effective analyst coverage H of teeth directional and teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount M of design helixangleβ, gear in gear hobbing or gear shaping process according to gear.The present invention offsets the amount of distortion that heat treatment generates using reversible deformation rule, by spiral angle variable.Gear carburizing quenching rear screw angle reaches procedure calls, and upper-lower section deformation would not be overproof after ensure that subsequent finishing teeth directional gear carburizing quenching, reduces the workload of subsequent finishing, reduces the cutting output of carburized layer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of helical gear processing method, especially a kind of processing for reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching
Method belongs to gear machining technology field.
Background technique
Helical gear generallys use the rough machining methods such as gear hobbing, mill teeth, gear shaping.Gear tooth finishing uses finishing grinding tooth to protect
Demonstrate,prove accuracy of gear requirement.After gear carburizing quenching, surface forms high rigidity wear-resisting carburized layer again, center portion integral quenching have compared with
High intensity and impact flexibility has excellent comprehensive mechanical performance after gear entirety carburizing and quenching.
Carburizing quenching process heating is slow, and the production cycle is long, higher cost.Since helical gear is for a long time at 900 ~ 950 DEG C or so
Under high temperature, the rigidity of gear is reduced, and gear tooth deformation can not be unable to control during long heat treatment, is produced at high temperature
Raw biggish distortion, causes layer depth after gear teeth following process uneven up and down, and hardness deviation even occurs deforming excessive generation greatly
Mill amount is significantly increased in casting skin, and roll flute higher cost is brought even to generate and scrap since the excessive flank of tooth of deformation does not reach requirement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to technical problem set forth above, proposes a kind of processing side of reduction helical gear carburizing and quenching deformation
Method is heat-treated rule according to helical gear carburizing and feature improves processing technology, to reduce helical gear carburizing and quenching teeth directional
Deformation improves gear teeth face processing quality and production efficiency, reduces cost of gear manufacture, realizes gear precision heat treatment.
The technical solution that the present invention solves the above technical problem is: provide a kind of deformation of reduction helical gear carburizing and quenching plus
Work method, comprising the following steps: the spiral angle variable β ' of reversible deformation is reserved to bevel wheel machining before gear carries out carburizing and quenching,
Helical gear processing helical angle is equal to the spiral that reversible deformation is subtracted on the basis of designing helixangleβ i.e. before carburizing and quenching process
Angle variable β '；The tooth that the spiral angle variable β ' passes through design helixangleβ, gear in gear hobbing or gear shaping process according to gear
It is set to effective analyst coverage H and teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount M, teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount M=(x+y)/2,
The x is left teeth directional maximum changing value, and y is right teeth directional maximum changing value；The calculation expression of the spiral angle variable β ' be β '=
Arctg(M/H).
It is of the invention to further limit technical solution, the processing method for reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching above-mentioned,
When described 10 ° of design helixangleβ <, the effective analyst coverage H≤100mm of the teeth directional of gear, the helical angle for reserving reversible deformation becomes
Measure β '=0.
The processing method above-mentioned for reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching, the teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount M >=0.04mm；
As teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount M < 0.04mm, since deflection is smaller, the spiral angle variable of setting reversible deformation can not had to
The teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount of β ', generation can correct amount of distortion by the gear finishing after carburizing and quenching process.
Further, the processing method above-mentioned for reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching, the processing method are used for track
The Gear Processing of vehicle drive system.
The medicine have the advantages that the present invention offsets what heat treatment generated using reversible deformation rule, by spiral angle variable
Amount of distortion.Gear carburizing quenching rear screw angle reaches procedure calls, ensure that on after subsequent finishing teeth directional gear carburizing quenching
Lower section deformation would not be overproof, reduces the workload of subsequent finishing, reduces the cutting output of carburized layer, ensure that subsequent roll flute
Quality is greatly decreased helical gear fraction defective or even waste product is avoided to generate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the present invention.
In Fig. 1: lines a is teeth directional variation line after carburizing and quenching；Dotted line b is left and right teeth directional Molded Line；Teeth directional after lines c heat
The maximum value of variation；Arrow lines d is facewidth direction；Changing value after angle beta ' helical angle heat.
Fig. 2 is 1 carburizing and quenching backgear examining report of embodiment.
Fig. 3 is that embodiment 2 is heat-treated front gear examining report.
Fig. 4 is that embodiment 2 is heat-treated backgear examining report.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment discloses a kind of processing method for reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching for rail vehicle transmission system, packet
Include following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. carburizing and quenching finishes half smart car high temperature normalizing high tempering gear forging for gear hobbing or gear shaping
7. 8. roll flute cleans inspection to vehicle.
Gear carry out carburizing and quenching process before to bevel wheel machining reserve reversible deformation helical angle margin beta ', i.e., in carburizing
Helical gear processing helical angle is equal to the helical angle surplus that reversible deformation is subtracted on the basis of designing helixangleβ before quenching process
β'；The helical angle margin beta ' by effective according to design helixangleβ, the teeth directional of gear of gear in gear hobbing or gear shaping process
Analyst coverage H and teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount M are set, the helical angle margin beta ' calculation expression be β '=arctg
(M/H), teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount M >=0.04mm;When described 10 ° of design helixangleβ <, the teeth directional of gear effectively analyzes model
Enclose H≤100mm, reserve reversible deformation helical angle margin beta '=0.
The present embodiment carburizing and quenching backgear examining report is as shown in Fig. 2, gear parameter is as follows: modulus 12, the number of teeth 67, spiral shell
9 ° of swing angle (left-handed), 20 ° of pressure angle, facewidth 252mm, the effective analyst coverage H=226.8-25.2=of report analysis teeth directional
201.6mm > 100mm can obtain teeth directional heat-treatment distortion fH β helical angle deviation average M > 0.04mm in report.M=
(0.0397+0.0504) ÷ 2=0.04505mm.
β '=arctg(0.04505/201.06=0.01274 ° of) ≒ 46 " (shape changeable propeller angle error, bigger than normal after heat)；Therefore
Carburizing and quenching front gear processing gear helical angle should be 9 ° -46 "=8 ° 59 ' 14 " (left-handed), the teeth directional after heat treatment
Deformation detection report can obtain, and can eliminate carburizing and quenching backgear teeth directional helical angle distortion inaccuracy.
Such as the effective analyst coverage H≤100mm of teeth directional, then M ≒ 0.04505/2=0.022525mm can be obtained from above, be heat-treated
Front gear processing is not modified helical angle, because of M < 0.04mm.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment discloses a kind of processing method for reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching for rail vehicle transmission system, packet
Include following steps: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. carburizing and quenching finishes half smart car high temperature normalizing high tempering gear forging for gear hobbing or gear shaping
7. 8. roll flute cleans inspection to vehicle.
The gear parameter of the present embodiment is as follows: module 9, the number of teeth 106,4 ° of helical angle (left-handed), 20 ° of pressure angle, tooth
Wide 170mm analyzes teeth directional effective range H=153-17=136mm > 100mm according to examining report, is heat-treated front gear cutting
10 ° of β < in processing, facewidth > 100mm, therefore M ≒ (0.03~0.04) × (170 ÷, 100 0.051~0.68mm of) ≒；M takes centre
Value 0.0595mm；Then β '=arctg (M/H)=arctg (0.0595/136) ≒ 1 ' 30 ";So hot front gear processes helical angle
It should be 4 ° -1 ' 30 "=3 ° 58 ' 30 ".Heat treatment front gear processing helical angle made an amendment (3 ° 58 ' 30 ") backgear detection report
It accuses shown in Fig. 3, shown in carburizing and quenching backgear examining report Fig. 4.
It can prove that from examples detailed above using reversible deformation rule, the distortion that heat treatment generates offset by spiral angle variable
Amount.Gear carburizing quenching rear screw angle reaches procedure calls, ensure that upper-lower section after subsequent finishing teeth directional gear carburizing quenching
Deformation would not be overproof, reduces the workload of subsequent finishing, reduces the cutting output of carburized layer, ensure that subsequent roll flute matter
Amount is greatly decreased helical gear fraction defective or even waste product is avoided to generate.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.It is all to use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
At technical solution, fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of processing method for reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching, it is characterised in that the following steps are included: being carried out in gear
The spiral angle variable β ' of reversible deformation, i.e., the helical gear processing before carburizing and quenching process are reserved before carburizing and quenching to bevel wheel machining
Helical angle be equal to subtracted on the basis of designing helixangleβ reversible deformation helical angle margin beta '；The spiral angle variable β ' passes through
It is heat-treated in gear hobbing or gear shaping process according to the design helixangleβ of gear, the effective analyst coverage H of teeth directional of gear and teeth directional
Deflection M is set, and teeth directional heat-treatment distortion amount M=(x+y)/2, the x are left teeth directional maximum changing value, and y is the right side
Teeth directional maximum changing value；The calculation expression of the spiral angle variable β ' is β '=arctg(M/H).
2. reducing the processing method of helical gear carburizing and quenching deformation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: when the design
At 10 ° of helixangleβ <, the effective analyst coverage H≤100mm of teeth directional reserves spiral angle variable β '=0 of reversible deformation.
3. reducing the processing method of helical gear carburizing and quenching deformation as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the teeth directional heat
Handle deflection M >=0.04mm.
4. the processing method for reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching as described in claim 1-3 any claim, feature
Be: the processing method is used for the Gear Processing of rail vehicle transmission system.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810825006.0A CN109136517A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of processing method reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching |
| CN201910588942.9A CN110408762A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2019-07-02 | A kind of processing method reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810825006.0A CN109136517A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of processing method reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109136517A true CN109136517A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810825006.0A Pending CN109136517A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2018-07-25 | A kind of processing method reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching |
| CN201910588942.9A Pending CN110408762A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2019-07-02 | A kind of processing method reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910588942.9A Pending CN110408762A (en) | 2018-07-25 | 2019-07-02 | A kind of processing method reducing the deformation of helical gear carburizing and quenching |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105252083B (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2017-08-29 | 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 | A kind of carburizing and quenching long tooth wide gear is ground casting skin removing method |
| CN108950170B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-04-24 | 中南大学 | Automobile reducer gear carburizing and quenching deformation control method and application |
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- 2018-07-25 CN CN201810825006.0A patent/CN109136517A/en active Pending
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| CN110408762A (en) | 2019-11-05 |
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Application publication date: 20190104 |