CN109131421B - The two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train - Google Patents

The two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109131421B
CN109131421B CN201811109391.5A CN201811109391A CN109131421B CN 109131421 B CN109131421 B CN 109131421B CN 201811109391 A CN201811109391 A CN 201811109391A CN 109131421 B CN109131421 B CN 109131421B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
opening
windage
connecting rod
closing
closing portion
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CN201811109391.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109131421A (en
Inventor
马飞
杨绍坤
尹崇宏
汤劲松
张笑慰
杨磊
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811109391.5A priority Critical patent/CN109131421B/en
Publication of CN109131421A publication Critical patent/CN109131421A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61HBRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H11/00Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
    • B61H11/06Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
    • B61H11/10Aerodynamic brakes with control flaps, e.g. spoilers, attached to the vehicles

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Operating, Guiding And Securing Of Roll- Type Closing Members (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train, belong to windage brake field.The two-way windage brake apparatus of the bullet train includes the windage plate that can be used to brake, can be used to install the pedestal of each component and complete the opening and closing portion of windage brake apparatus opening and closing;Opening and closing portion includes symmetrically arranged first opening and closing portion and the second opening and closing portion, and the first opening and closing portion and the second opening and closing include the cylinder for providing driving force and the opening and closing unit that can be used to open and close windage plate.First opening and closing portion and the second headstock gear it is structurally and functionally similar with the first headstock gear, but installation site and the first headstock gear are symmetrical, open, braking direction is also opposite with the first headstock gear.Present invention application bullet train windage brake field realizes the two-way windage braking of bullet train, has the characteristics that structure is simple, required driving force is small and opening and closing is rapid.

Description

The two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train
Technical field
The invention belongs to brake apparatus fields, more particularly to applied to the two-way windage brake apparatus neck on bullet train Domain.
Background technique
When bullet train is braked, wind resistance baffle plates are opened outward from the surface of streamlined train, wind resistance baffle plates will be held By air drag, the brake force that can directly make train deceleration is formed.Aerodynamic resistance and speed it is square directly proportional, speed is got over It is high then brake force is bigger, therefore windage mode of braking has excellent characteristic when high speed is braked.
Chinese invention patent CN106882169A provides a kind of train windage bidirectional braking device, designs a kind of two systems The brake unit of moving cell, two brake units are completed under fluid pressure drive device effect while reversely being opened by being engaged on for shaft It closes, achievees the purpose that bi-directional braking.
That there are structures is more complicated for current two-way windage brake apparatus, and when bi-directional braking cannot effectively utilize windage face Long-pending problem.Meanwhile the opening and closing of windage brake apparatus is completely dependent on driving device, required driving force is larger, can only use Hydraulic-driven causes opening and closing speed slower.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention proposes one kind with structure is simple, required driving force is smaller, opening and closing is rapidly double To windage brake apparatus.
To solve the technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train, including can be used to the windage plate of braking, can be used to install each component Pedestal and complete windage brake apparatus opening and closing opening and closing portion;The opening and closing portion includes symmetrically arranged first opening and closing portion and second Opening and closing portion, first opening and closing portion and second opening and closing include being provided with the cylinder of cylinder axis and can be used to open and close windage plate Opening and closing unit.
Preferably, the opening and closing unit includes that can be used to support the support rod of windage plate and can be used to connect the support The clutch of bar and the cylinder.
Preferably, the clutch includes slide bar, the slide bar both ends are fixed on the base, the slide bar and the There is one connecting rod one end formation of sliding block to be slidably connected, and the other end of the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with the cylinder axis;The There is two connecting rods one end of sliding block to be slidably connected with slide bar formation, and the second connecting rod has one end and the spring one of sliding block End connection, the other end of described slide bar one end connecting spring;Third connecting rod one end and the support rod, which are formed, to be rotatablely connected, described There is sliding block one end to form rotation connection for the third connecting rod other end and second connecting rod.
Preferably, the clutch further includes limiting second connecting rod mobile damper rod and gear-stopping bar;The damper rod One end is fixed on the base, and the damper rod other end is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod far from one end of sliding block;It is described to stop Bar is set on the base.
Preferably, the opening and closing portion further includes the locking unit that can be used to limit the support rod, the locking unit The first fixed column and the second fixed column including installing each component, and the limitation cylinder axis stretch out first limit in direction Device, first fixed column, second fixed column and the first limiter are mounted on the base, the locking unit The locking spring for further including the second limiter opened and closed by cylinder axis and can be used to reset, the second limiter pass through shaft It is connect with the first fixed column, the both ends of locking spring are separately connected second fixed column and the second limiter.
Preferably, the support rod is provided with the boss to carry out locking, described second limiter one end is provided with It can be used to limit the position limiting clamp of folded state lower support bar boss, the second limiter other end, which is provided with, can be used to opening and closing Boss;First fixed column is provided with the cylindrical end tangs that can be used to limit folded state lower support bar boss far from base end.
Preferably, the support rod includes two straight-bars being hinged;The both ends of support rod are respectively hinged at described On windage plate and the pedestal.
Preferably, the opening and closing unit further includes auxiliary support bar, the auxiliary support bar includes the first Auxiliary support Bar and the second auxiliary support bar, first auxiliary support bar and second auxiliary support bar are symmetrically mounted on the support rod Two sides.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
The two-way opening and closing of windage plate can be completed by two sets of symmetrical opening and closing portions, to realize two-way windage braking, tool Have the characteristics that structure is simple, it is small in size to occupy;The opening and withdrawal that windage plate is assisted by wind-force, with lesser driving force energy Complete the work of brake apparatus;It is driven using cylinder, windage brake apparatus can be started rapidly.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the top view of two-way windage brake apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the perspective view of two-way windage brake apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the perspective view of opening and closing unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the perspective view of locking unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
In figure, 1 is pedestal, and 2 be windage plate, and 3 be cylinder, and 4 be cylinder axis, and 5 be support rod, and 6 be the first auxiliary rod, and 7 are Second auxiliary rod, 8 be slide bar, and 9 be spring, and 10 be first connecting rod, and 11 be second connecting rod, and 12 be third connecting rod, and 13 be damper rod, 14 be gear-stopping bar, and 15 be the first fixed column, and 16 be the second fixed column, and 17 be first limiter, and 18 be second limiter, and 19 be lock Close spring.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution in the specific embodiment of the invention in detail, completely describe below in conjunction with attached drawing.Obviously, Described embodiment is only the part specific embodiment of the total technical solution of the present invention, and not all embodiment. Based on total design of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other embodiment obtained all falls within guarantor of the present invention The range of shield.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", "upper", "lower", " preceding ",
The orientation of the instructions such as " rear ", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" or position are closed System is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, rather than indicates Or imply that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot understand For limitation of the present invention.
Term " first ", " second " be used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance or Implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic." first " is defined as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or imply Ground includes one or more of the features.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term
" installation ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, be also possible to detachably connect It connects, or is integrally connected;It can be directly connected, can also can be inside two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary Connection.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term in the present invention specific can be understood with concrete condition Meaning.
The present invention provides a kind of two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train, in one embodiment, including can be used to make The opening and closing portion of dynamic windage plate 2, the pedestal 1 that can be used to install each component and completion windage brake apparatus opening and closing.Opening and closing portion includes Symmetrically arranged first opening and closing portion and the second opening and closing portion.First opening and closing portion controls windage plate 2 and opens and the second opening and closing portion control wind The unlatching of baffle-wall 2 is compared, and the two is inverse relationship, and the first opening and closing portion and the second opening and closing portion can be realized the two-way opening and closing of windage plate 2, Realize the function of bi-directional braking.
As shown in Fig. 2, the first opening and closing portion and the second opening and closing portion are symmetrically mounted on pedestal 1, the first opening and closing portion and second is opened Closing part includes the cylinder 3 for being provided with cylinder axis 4, can be used to open and close the opening and closing unit of windage plate 2 and can be used to lock windage plate 2 The locking mechanism of closed state.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, wherein opening and closing unit includes support rod 5 and clutch, support rod 5 is to support windage plate 2, clutch connects cylinder axis 4 and support rod 5.Support rod 5 includes two straight-bars being hinged, and the both ends of support rod 5 are distinguished It is hinged on pedestal 1 and windage plate 2.Support rod 5 can be folded and be stretched, when support rod 5 is in completely folded state, windage Plate 2 is closed.When cylinder 3 receives the control information for opening windage plate 2, cylinder 3 drives cylinder axis 4 to stretch out, the driving force of cylinder 3 Support rod 5 is sent to by cylinder axis 4 and clutch, and support rod 5 stretches, to open windage plate 2.To guarantee windage plate 2 Stablize, opening and closing unit is additionally provided with auxiliary support bar 5, and auxiliary support bar 5 includes the first auxiliary support bar 6 and the second Auxiliary support Bar 7, the first auxiliary support bar 6 and the second auxiliary support bar 7 are separately positioned on 5 two sides of support rod, include two and are hinged Straight-bar, the both ends at 7 both ends of the first auxiliary support bar 6 and the second auxiliary support bar are respectively hinged on pedestal 1 and windage plate 2. Support rod 5, the first auxiliary support bar 6 and the second auxiliary support bar 7 can be completely disposed between windage plate 2 when folding, windage plate 2 Support rod 5, the first auxiliary support bar 6 and the second auxiliary support bar 7 can be protected well when closing.
As shown in figure 3, above-mentioned clutch includes slide bar 8,8 both ends of slide bar are fixedly mounted on pedestal 1.First connecting rod 10 1 End is provided with sliding block, and sliding block and the formation of slide bar 8 of first connecting rod 10 are slidably connected;10 other end of first connecting rod and cylinder axis 4 are solid Fixed connection, when cylinder axis 4 stretches out, cylinder axis 4 drives first connecting rod 10 mobile, and the sliding block of first connecting rod 10 slides on slide bar 8, Glide direction is consistent with the stretching direction of cylinder axis 4.Slide bar 8 is cased with spring 9, and 9 one end of spring is connected with slide bar 8, spring 9 it is another End is connect with second connecting rod 11.One end that second connecting rod 11 is connected with spring 9 is provided with sliding block, the sliding block and cunning of second connecting rod 11 The formation of bar 8 is slidably connected, and spring 9 limits the movement of 11 sliding block of second connecting rod.Clutch further includes damper rod 13, damper rod 13 1 End is fixedly mounted on pedestal 1, and 13 other end of damper rod is connected with second connecting rod 11 far from sliding block one end, and damper rod 13 is to second The movement speed of connecting rod 11 is limited, correspondingly, also limiting sliding speed of the sliding block of second connecting rod 11 on slide bar 8. 12 one end of third connecting rod is connect with the support rod 5 by shaft, the cunning of third connecting rod 12 other end and second connecting rod 11 Block is connected by shaft.Gear-stopping bar 14 is mounted on pedestal 1, limits the movement of second connecting rod 11;Second connecting rod 11 is mobile Gear-stopping bar 14 can be encountered in the process, and gear-stopping bar 14 prevents continuing to move to for second connecting rod 11, and stop entire linkage.
In the stretching direction of cylinder axis 4, tool is provided with locking unit, as shown in figure 4, locking unit includes installing each component The first fixed column 15 and the second fixed column 16, limit the first limiter 17 that the cylinder axis 4 stretches out direction, pass through cylinder axis The second limiter 18 of 4 opening and closings, and the locking spring 19 that can be used to reset.First fixed column 15, the second fixed column 16 and One limiter 17 is mounted on the pedestal 1.Second limiter 18 is formed by shaft and the first fixed column 15 and is rotatablely connected, the Two limiters 18 are rotated centered on shaft;19 both ends of locking spring are separately connected the second fixed column 16 and second limiter 18, the rotation of second limiter 18 is limited.
First limiter 17 is equipped with circular hole, and bore inner diameter is identical as 4 outer diameter of cylinder axis, and cylinder axis 4 is passed through from circular hole, First limiter 17 is defined the stretching direction of cylinder axis 4, guarantees that cylinder axis 4 can trigger locking unit.
In the present embodiment, second limiter 18 close to and far from the both ends of pedestal 1 be respectively the of second limiter 18 One end and second end;18 first end of second limiter is provided with boss, and first end boss is arc-shaped in the present embodiment;Second 18 second end of limiter is provided with position limiting clamp, and position limiting clamp is wedge shape in the present embodiment, and limiter has one far from base end Inclined-plane;19 link position of locking spring is between arc-shaped convex and shaft.First fixed separate 1 one end of pedestal is provided with cylindricality Boss limits the slewing area of second limiter 18;When locking unit locking, 15 boss of the first fixed column and the second limit Support rod 5 is limited in folded state jointly by position 18 position limiting clamp of device.When locking unit locking, 18 first end of second limiter it is convex Platform is located on the stretching direction of cylinder axis 4, and the boss of second limiter 18 is contacted when cylinder axis 4 stretches out, is supplied to the second limit 18 1 rotatory forces of device make locking unit contact locking states.Boss is provided on support rod 5, when support rod 5 folds, support 5 boss of bar is limited between 15 cylindrical end tangs of position limiting clamp and the first fixed column of second limiter 18;Locking unit releases locking When state, support rod 5 also releases folded state.
Below by taking the first opening and closing portion as an example, the opening-closing process of windage brake apparatus is specifically described:
After receiving the order for opening windage brake apparatus, cylinder 3 drives cylinder axis 4 to stretch out.During stretching, gas Cylinder shaft 4 touches the boss of second limiter 18 by first limiter 17, and cylinder axis 4 is risen by the boss of second limiter Give second limiter 18 1 rotatory forces, second limiter 18 rotates, and the first locking unit releases locking states;It is limited in second 5 boss of support rod between 15 cylindrical end tangs of the position limiting clamp of limiter 18 and the first fixed column is released, and support rod 5, which releases, to be folded State.10 one end of first connecting rod is fixedly connected on cylinder axis 4, drives first connecting rod 10 to be displaced when cylinder axis 4 stretches out, accordingly , 10 other end of first connecting rod is provided with sliding block, and under the drive of cylinder axis 4,10 sliding block of first connecting rod moves on slide bar 8. As cylinder axis 4 stretches out, 10 sliding block of first connecting rod is gradually reduced at a distance from 11 sliding block of second connecting rod is on slide bar 8 until the two Contact;After the two contact, 10 slipper push second connecting rod of first connecting rod, 11 sliding block moves on slide bar 8, while spring 9 and damping Bar 13 buffers the movement of second connecting rod 11, and the movement speed for limiting second connecting rod 11 is too fast, damages component.Second connecting rod 11 will drive the rotation of third connecting rod 12 in the process of moving, correspondingly, third connecting rod 12 drives support rod 5 to open certain angle Degree, support rod 5 support windage plate 2 to open.
When cylinder axis 4 is fully extended, windage plate 2 has already turned on certain angle, the wind-force enhancing being subject to;In external wind Under the action of, windage plate 2 continues to open, while windage plate 2 drives first support bar 5 to open.It is connected in first support bar 5 Third connecting rod 12 drives second connecting rod 11, and the continuation of 11 sliding block of second connecting rod moves on slide bar 8, until second connecting rod 11 touches Gear-stopping bar 14, gear-stopping bar 14 prevent continuing to move to for second connecting rod 11, and windage plate 2 is in completely open state at this time, to column Vehicle is braked.In above process, spring 9 and damper rod 13 play the mobile too fast effect of limitation second connecting rod 11 always, Guarantee that whole process is gently completed.During windage plate 2 is opened, the effect of external wind accounts for main function.Compared to one As windage brake apparatus, in the incipient stage that windage plate 2 is opened, whole device only needs to provide a lesser driving force solution Except locking mechanism and making 5 opened with certain angle of support rod makes windage plate 2 open certain angle;Small in size, starting is rapidly Cylinder 3 can satisfy requirement completely.
The speed of braking with windage brake apparatus and other brake apparatus to train, train is gradually reduced, accordingly The wind-force that is subject to of windage plate 2 be also gradually reduced;When wind-force, which drops to, is not enough to maintain windage 2 opening state of plate, windage plate 2 It can restore folding position under the action of 9 thrust of gravity and spring.Detailed process is as follows for it:
When train exterior wind-force is not enough to maintain the opening state of windage plate 2,2 gravity of windage plate with windage plate 2 On connected support rod 5, fold support rod 5.Meanwhile compressed spring 9 starts to discharge elastic potential energy, pushes in spring 9 The sliding block of 11 front end of second connecting rod, second connecting rod 11 drive support rod 5 to fold by third connecting rod 12.In 2 gravity of windage plate and Under the collective effect of spring 9, support rod 5 is folded, and windage plate 2 progressively closes off;Damper rod 13 limits second in above process The movement speed of connecting rod 11 guarantees that whole process is gently completed.During folding, 5 boss of support rod touches support rod 5 The position limiting clamp inclined-plane of second limit limiter;Support rod 5 continues folding, and 5 boss of support rod pushes down on second limiter 18 Boss, second limiter 18 rotate, open the first locking unit, under the action of locking spring 19, the first locking unit is fast 5 boss of support rod is limited between the position limiting clamp of second limiter 18 and the cylindrical end tangs of the first fixed column 15 by fast locking, branch Strut 5 is limited in folded state, and the windage plate 2 that support rod 5 is connected also returns to closed state.The windage brake apparatus of train returns It is grouped into closed state, completes windage braking.
First auxiliary support bar 6 and the second auxiliary support bar 7 play the role of Auxiliary support in above-mentioned braking process, the The folded state of one auxiliary support bar 6 and the second auxiliary support bar 7 keeps identical with support rod 5 always.
In the present embodiment, with the first symmetrically arranged second opening and closing portion, opening and closing portion, the cylinder 3 in the second opening and closing portion, opening and closing are single The action direction component corresponding with the first opening and closing portion of member is opposite;The braking of the braking process in the second opening and closing portion and the first opening and closing portion Cheng Xiangtong realizes the reversed open and close of windage plate 2 under the auxiliary of the second opening and closing portion locking unit;Above-mentioned windage braking dress Two-way windage braking can be completed by setting.
In conclusion the present invention devises a kind of two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train, two sets of the device is symmetrically opened Closing part completes two-way windage braking, and makes full use of the opening and closing of external wind complemental brake system, it is only necessary to lesser driving force, Windage brake apparatus can rapidly be opened.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train, it is characterised in that: including can be used to the windage plate of braking, can be used to pacify It fills the pedestal of each component and completes the opening and closing portion of windage brake apparatus opening and closing;The opening and closing portion includes symmetrically arranged first opening and closing Portion and the second opening and closing portion, first opening and closing portion and second opening and closing portion include being provided with the cylinder of cylinder axis and can be used to Open and close the opening and closing unit of windage plate;The opening and closing unit includes that can be used to support the support rod of windage plate and can be used to connect described The clutch of support rod and the cylinder;The clutch includes slide bar, and the slide bar both ends are fixed on the base, described Slide bar with first connecting rod there is one end formation of sliding block to be slidably connected, and the other end of the first connecting rod is fixed with the cylinder axis Connection;There is second connecting rod one end of sliding block to be slidably connected with slide bar formation, and the second connecting rod has one end of sliding block It is connect with spring one end, the other end of the slide bar other end connecting spring;Third connecting rod one end and the support rod, which are formed, to be turned There is the formation of sliding block one end to be rotatablely connected for dynamic connection, the third connecting rod other end and second connecting rod.
2. the two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the clutch further includes Limit second connecting rod mobile damper rod and gear-stopping bar;Described damper rod one end is fixed on the base, the damper rod other end It is fixedly connected with the second connecting rod far from one end of sliding block;The gear-stopping bar is set on the base.
3. the two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the opening and closing portion further includes It can be used to limit the locking unit of the support rod, the locking unit includes installing the first fixed column of each component and second solid Fixed column, and the limitation cylinder axis stretch out the first limiter in direction, first fixed column, second fixed column and institute It states first limiter to be mounted on the base, the locking unit further includes the second limiter opened and closed by cylinder axis and can To the locking spring resetted, the second limiter is connect by shaft with the first fixed column, the both ends difference of locking spring Connect second fixed column and the second limiter.
4. the two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the support rod is provided with To carry out the boss of locking, described second limiter one end is provided with the limit that can be used to limit folded state lower support bar boss Position folder, the second limiter other end are provided with the boss that can be used to open and close;First fixed column is arranged far from base end There are the cylindrical end tangs that can be used to limit folded state lower support bar boss.
5. the two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the support rod includes two The straight-bar that root is hinged;The both ends of support rod are respectively hinged on the windage plate and the pedestal.
6. the two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the opening and closing unit also wraps Auxiliary support bar is included, the auxiliary support bar includes the first auxiliary support bar and the second auxiliary support bar, the first auxiliary branch Strut and second auxiliary support bar are symmetrically mounted on the support rod two sides.
CN201811109391.5A 2018-09-21 2018-09-21 The two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train Active CN109131421B (en)

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CN201811109391.5A CN109131421B (en) 2018-09-21 2018-09-21 The two-way windage brake apparatus of bullet train

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN109131421B true CN109131421B (en) 2019-06-25

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CN109878473B (en) * 2019-03-18 2020-04-10 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 Wind resistance braking device
CN110435613B (en) * 2019-08-21 2020-07-14 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 Bidirectional wind resistance braking device of rail train
CN111775998B (en) * 2020-07-21 2021-07-30 马鞍山蓝信环保科技有限公司 Bidirectional wind resistance composite braking system for railway vehicle
CN113291347A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-08-24 南京中车浦镇海泰制动设备有限公司 Split wind resistance braking device and vehicle braking system thereof

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CN202413841U (en) * 2012-01-10 2012-09-05 南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 Wind resistance brake device of high-speed train
CN104539118A (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-04-22 常州金康精工机械股份有限公司 Needle overturning control mechanism for crochet needle rod of single binding machine

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