CN109128486B

CN109128486B - Swing friction welding method

Info

Publication number: CN109128486B
Application number: CN201811087374.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张田仓; 李辉; 李晓红; 曾元松; 郭德伦
Original assignee: AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
Current assignee: AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
Priority date: 2018-08-22
Filing date: 2018-09-18
Publication date: 2020-07-24
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-18
Also published as: CN109128486A

Abstract

The invention relates to a swing friction welding method. The method comprises the following steps: driving a swinging workpiece to swing at a small angle within a set range around a fixed shaft, wherein the swinging workpiece swings at a set swinging frequency; driving an upset workpiece to linearly move the upset workpiece to be in contact with the swinging workpiece under the action of upset force; and in the swing friction welding process, after the swing workpiece is contacted with the upset workpiece, the swing workpiece is continuously driven to swing, meanwhile, the upset workpiece is moved towards the direction of a contact surface under the action of upset force, the swing workpiece and the upset workpiece generate heat through friction at the contact surface, the material of the contact surface is softened and extruded by the upset force, when the preset extrusion amount is reached, the swing motion of the swing workpiece is quickly stopped, and the swing workpiece and the upset workpiece are welded into an integral structure under the action of the upset force.

Description

Swing friction welding method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a swing friction welding method.

Background

The linear Friction Welding (L initial Welding) is a Welding method which is rapidly developed in recent years and is mainly applied to manufacturing of airplane frame beam type parts, the Welding principle is shown in figure 1, a first Welding part 1 linearly vibrates in a vertical direction at a certain frequency and amplitude, a second Welding part 2 is in contact with the end face of the vibrating first Welding part under the action of horizontal upsetting force, high-frequency Friction is generated on a contact surface to generate heat, the contact surface material is softened and extruded along with the temperature rise, when the extrusion reaches a certain degree, the vibration is rapidly stopped, the upper surfaces of the two workpieces are aligned, the horizontal upsetting force is applied, the two workpieces are connected into a whole, and the Welding process is completed.

The structure of the existing welding part is shown in figure 2, and the part is characterized in that the lengths L1 and L2 of the welding part on the left side and the right side of a welding seam 12 are both longer, when L1 and L2 are not more than 450mm, the linear friction welding can be adopted to realize the welding between the parts, when L is more than 450mm, the structure is limited by the traditional linear friction welding equipment structure and the tool structure, the friction welding cannot be carried out, and a new welding technology is urgently developed aiming at the structure of the welding part with the larger length on the two sides of the welding seam.

Accordingly, the inventors have invented a method of oscillating friction welding.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a swing friction welding method, wherein a swing workpiece and an upset forging workpiece are welded to form an integral structure by adopting a swing friction welding process, the existing linear vibration mode is replaced by angular vibration, and the problem that the application range of conventional linear friction welding is limited is effectively solved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a swing friction welding method, which comprises the following steps:

driving a swinging workpiece to swing at a small angle within a set range around a fixed shaft, wherein the swinging workpiece swings at a set swinging frequency;

driving an upset workpiece to linearly move the upset workpiece to be in contact with the swinging workpiece under the action of upset force;

and in the swing friction welding process, after the swing workpiece is contacted with the upset workpiece, the swing workpiece is continuously driven to swing, meanwhile, the upset workpiece is moved towards the direction of a contact surface under the action of upset force, the swing workpiece and the upset workpiece generate heat through friction at the contact surface, the material of the contact surface is softened and extruded by the upset force, when the preset extrusion amount is reached, the swing motion of the swing workpiece is quickly stopped, and the swing workpiece and the upset workpiece are welded into an integral structure under the action of the upset force.

Preferably, the welding contact surface of the swinging workpiece is a convex arc-shaped surface, the welding contact surface of the upset workpiece is a concave arc-shaped surface, and the convex arc-shaped surface is matched with the concave arc-shaped surface.

Preferably, the radius of the convex arc-shaped surface of the swinging workpiece is the same as that of the concave arc-shaped surface of the upsetting workpiece.

Preferably, in the method of driving an oscillating workpiece, an oscillation angle of the oscillating workpiece ranges from 1 ° to 3 °.

Preferably, in the method for driving the oscillating workpiece, the oscillating frequency of the oscillating workpiece ranges from 25Hz to 60 Hz.

Preferably, before the method for driving the swinging workpiece, the method further comprises the step of mounting the swinging workpiece on a rotary table, so that the welding end face of the swinging workpiece exceeds the edge of the rotary table, wherein the rotary table is driven by a driving mechanism to rotate around a central shaft, and the swinging workpiece swings with the rotary table within a set range.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises an oil cylinder body and a piston rod connected through a piston in the oil cylinder body, and an output end of the piston rod drives a side boss of the rotary table to rotate.

Preferably, the method for driving the upset workpiece further comprises mounting the upset workpiece on a slide table mounted on a linear guide rail for linear movement therealong.

Preferably, the turntable is rotatably mounted on the machine tool body about a central axis.

Preferably, actuating mechanism detachable install be close to on the lathe bed the position of the side boss of revolving stage, make the output of piston rod can contact and drive the side boss of revolving stage, linear guide rail detachable mounting in on the lathe bed, make the slip table can drive the upset work piece move to with the welding terminal surface contact of swing work piece.

In conclusion, the swing friction welding method is different from a linear vibration mode of conventional linear friction welding in the prior art, the vibration direction of the swing workpiece is angular vibration, the swing workpiece is in contact with an upset forging workpiece to be extruded, and friction heat is generated to soften and weld contact surface materials into an integral structure.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a prior art linear friction welding principle.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a welded part.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an application scenario of the swing friction welding method of the present invention.

In the figure:

1-a first weldment; 2-a second weldment; 3-oil cylinder body; 4-a piston rod; 5-swinging the workpiece; 6-upsetting the workpiece; 7-a turntable; 8-a sliding table; 9-a guide rail; 10-lathe bed; 11-a pin shaft; 12-weld seam.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the described embodiments.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The invention provides a swing friction welding method, and fig. 3 is a schematic view of an application scenario of the swing friction welding method according to the embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, before welding, the oscillating workpiece 5 is mounted on a turntable 7, so that the welding end face of the oscillating workpiece 5 extends beyond the edge of the turntable 7, the turntable 7 is driven by a driving mechanism (including the oil cylinder 3 and the piston rod 4), and the driving mechanism can be used for driving the turntable 7 to rotate along the central shaft, so as to drive the oscillating workpiece 5 to oscillate within a set range along with the turntable 7. Meanwhile, the upset workpiece 6 is arranged on a sliding table 8, and the sliding table 8 is arranged on a linear guide rail 9 and can move linearly along the linear guide rail, so that the sliding table 8 can drive the upset workpiece 6 to move linearly along the linear direction of the guide rail.

The swing friction welding method for the swinging workpiece 5 and the upset workpiece 6 includes the following steps S110 to S130:

in step S110, the swinging workpiece 5 is driven to swing at a small angle within a set range around the fixed axis, and the swinging workpiece 5 swings at a set swinging frequency. In this step, the driving mechanism of the turntable 7 is controlled to drive the turntable correspondingly according to the preset swing frequency and swing angle, so as to drive the swing workpiece 5 thereon to swing correspondingly.

Preferably, the oscillating workpiece 5 is set to an oscillating angle in a range of 1 ° to 3 °, the oscillating angle in this range being sufficient for contact friction welding with the upset workpiece 6.

Further, the oscillating frequency range of the oscillating workpiece 5 is 25Hz to 60 Hz.

In step S120, the upset workpiece 6 is driven, and the upset workpiece 6 is linearly moved into contact with the oscillating workpiece 5 by the upset force. In this step, the upset workpiece 6 is linearly moved along with the slide table 8 by driving the slide table 8 to move relative to the linear guide rail 9, and the upset workpiece 6 is gradually brought into contact with the swinging workpiece to generate pressing by the action of the upset force exerted during the movement.

Step S130 is a swing friction welding process, in which after the swing workpiece 5 is contacted with the upset workpiece 6, the swing workpiece 5 is continuously driven to swing, and at the same time, the upset workpiece 6 is moved toward the contact surface by the action of the upset force, so that the swing workpiece 5 and the upset workpiece 6 generate heat by friction at the contact surface, and the material of the contact surface is softened and extruded by the upset force, and when a predetermined extrusion amount is reached, the swing motion of the swing workpiece 5 is rapidly stopped, and under the action of the upset force, the swing workpiece 6 and the upset workpiece 5 are welded into an integral structure.

In a preferred embodiment, the welding contact surface of the oscillating workpiece 5 is a convex arc surface, the welding contact surface of the upset workpiece 6 is a concave arc surface, and the convex arc surface matches the concave arc surface.

Further, the radius of the convex arc-shaped surface of the swinging workpiece 5 is the same as that of the concave arc-shaped surface of the upset workpiece 6, and both are R. The arc-shaped contact surface with the radius of R and the concave-convex shape matching is adopted, an arc-shaped surface or a conical surface and a welding line can be formed, and the welding quality and the welding effect are improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the swing workpiece 5 in the embodiment of the present invention is a workpiece on the left side of the weld joint, and the upset workpiece 6 is a workpiece on the right side of the weld joint.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises an oil cylinder 3 and a piston rod 4 connected by a piston in the cylinder, and the output end of the piston rod 4 drives the side boss of the turntable to rotate. The hydraulic energy in the oil cylinder body 3 is converted into mechanical energy for the telescopic motion of the piston rod 4 to drive the rotary table 7 to rotate, and the linear motion stroke of the piston rod 4 is limited, so that the rotation range of the rotary table 7 is related to the linear motion stroke of the piston rod 4, and the rotary table 7 drives the swinging workpiece 5 to swing within a preset range of 1-3 degrees.

As another preferred embodiment, the upset workpiece 6 is mounted on a slide table 8, the slide table 8 being mounted on a linear guide rail 9 so as to be linearly movable therealong, and the linear guide rail 9 is detachably mounted on a machine bed 10 so that the slide table 8 can bring the upset workpiece 6 into contact with the welded end face of the swinging workpiece 5, and at the same time, the turn table 7 can be rotatably mounted on the machine bed 10 about a central axis, and a drive mechanism is detachably mounted on the machine bed 10 via a fastening member such as a pin 11 or the like, the drive mechanism being located close to a side boss of the turn table 7 so that the output end of the piston rod 4 can contact and drive the side boss of the turn table 7.

In summary, in the swing friction welding method of the present invention, the swing workpiece swings at a small angle with a set frequency around the designated axis, the upset workpiece contacts with the swing workpiece with a certain upset force, frictional heat is generated on the contact surface, so that the material of the contact surface is softened, part of the material is extruded from the contact surface by the upset force, when a certain extrusion amount is reached, the swing is rapidly stopped, and the two workpieces are welded into a whole under the action of the upset force. The method is different from the linear vertical vibration of the conventional linear friction welding method, in the method, the swinging workpiece vibrates in an angular direction, the upsetting workpiece moves linearly, the two welding parts are in contact extrusion and finally welded together under the action of upsetting force, and the welding method is not limited by the structure of the traditional welding equipment and tool and is particularly suitable for the friction welding of parts with larger lengths on two sides of a welding line. The welding method is rapid and convenient to operate, reliable in welding and simple and reasonable in welding tool and mechanism.

It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. For embodiments of the method, reference is made to the description of the apparatus embodiments in part. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.

The above description is only an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An oscillating friction welding method for friction welding an oscillating workpiece and an upset workpiece, the welding method comprising:

driving a swinging workpiece to swing within an angle range of 1-3 degrees around a fixed shaft, wherein the swinging workpiece swings at a set swinging frequency;

the swinging friction welding process comprises the steps that after the swinging workpiece is contacted with the upsetting workpiece, the swinging workpiece is continuously driven to swing, meanwhile, the upsetting workpiece is enabled to move towards the direction of a contact surface under the action of upsetting force, the swinging workpiece and the upsetting workpiece generate heat through friction at the contact surface, the material of the contact surface is softened and extruded by the upsetting force, when the preset extrusion amount is reached, the swinging motion of the swinging workpiece is rapidly stopped, and under the action of the upsetting force, the swinging workpiece and the upsetting workpiece are welded into an integral structure;

the welding contact surface of the swinging workpiece is a convex arc-shaped surface, the welding contact surface of the upsetting workpiece is a concave arc-shaped surface, and the convex arc-shaped surface is matched with the concave arc-shaped surface.

2. The oscillating friction welding method according to claim 1, wherein the convex arc-shaped surface of the oscillating workpiece and the concave arc-shaped surface of the upset workpiece have the same radius.

3. The oscillating friction welding method according to claim 1, wherein in the method of driving the oscillating workpiece, an oscillation frequency of the oscillating workpiece ranges from 25Hz to 60 Hz.

4. The oscillating friction welding method according to claim 1, further comprising, before the oscillating workpiece driving method, mounting the oscillating workpiece on a turntable such that a welding end face of the oscillating workpiece is beyond an edge of the turntable, the turntable being driven by a driving mechanism such that the turntable rotates about a central axis, the oscillating workpiece oscillating within a set range with the turntable.

5. The oscillating friction welding method of claim 4, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a cylinder block and a piston rod connected by a piston in the cylinder block, and an output end of the piston rod drives a side boss of the turntable to rotate.

6. The oscillating friction welding method of claim 5 further including, prior to said method of driving the upset workpiece, mounting the upset workpiece on a slide table mounted on a linear guide rail for linear movement therealong.

7. The oscillating friction welding method of claim 6, wherein the turret is rotatably mounted on a machine tool body about a central axis.

8. The oscillating friction welding method of claim 7, wherein said drive mechanism is removably mounted on said machine tool body at a location adjacent to said side bosses of said turret so that said output end of said piston rod contacts and drives said side bosses of said turret, and said linear guide is removably mounted on said machine tool body so that said slide moves said upset workpiece into face-to-face contact with said weld of said oscillating workpiece.