CN109128433B - Automatic welding process for aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body - Google Patents
Automatic welding process for aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body Download PDFInfo
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- CN109128433B CN109128433B CN201811292735.0A CN201811292735A CN109128433B CN 109128433 B CN109128433 B CN 109128433B CN 201811292735 A CN201811292735 A CN 201811292735A CN 109128433 B CN109128433 B CN 109128433B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/0026—Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K9/0035—Arc welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles or work of thin articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightweight automobile welding, and relates to an automatic welding process of an aluminum alloy lightweight automobile body, which comprises inner profile welding and outer attached sheet metal part welding, wherein the welding process of the inner profile welding and the welding process of the outer attached sheet metal part welding comprise pre-welding preparation, assembly pairing, welding and post-welding cleaning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lightweight automobile welding, and relates to an automatic welding process for an aluminum alloy light-weight automobile body.
Background
The welding process is a process for forming permanent connection by making the material of the workpiece reach interatomic combination. Many parts of the automobile and the whole automobile body are connected in a welding mode, and with the development of light weight of the automobile, the development of aluminum alloy in the automobile industry is more and more obvious due to the light weight of the aluminum alloy material, and the welding process of the aluminum alloy for the automobile also becomes a thermal problem. The aluminum alloy welding characteristics for the automobile mainly comprise: 1. the thermal conductivity coefficient, specific heat capacity and the like of the aluminum alloy are large; 2. the aluminum alloy has large hot crack tendency; 3. the welding difficulty of aluminum alloys with different types and different plate thicknesses is high. Therefore, the welding process difficulty of the lightweight automobile aluminum alloy is relatively high.
The welding difficulty of 5 series and 6 series aluminum alloys common in the aluminum alloy for the automobile at present and aluminum alloys with different series and different plate thicknesses is as follows: 1. the connection difficulty of dissimilar series aluminum alloy is high; 2. the fusion depth is insufficient in the process of welding the thick aluminum alloy plate, and the welding quality is poor; 3. in the process of welding the thin aluminum alloy plate and the thick aluminum alloy plate, the thin aluminum alloy plate is easy to undercut and burn through, while the thick aluminum alloy plate cannot be fused; 4. the aluminum alloy sheet has severe welding deformation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an automatic welding process for aluminum alloy light vehicle bodies to solve the problems in the welding process of aluminum alloy plates of different series and different plate thicknesses.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an automatic welding process of an aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body, which mainly comprises the following steps of welding an inner profile part and welding an outer attached sheet metal part, wherein the welding process of welding the inner profile part comprises the following steps:
A. preparing before welding: polishing within 25-50 mm of the vicinity of a welding seam to remove an oxide film on the surface of the inner profile piece, and cleaning oil stain on the surface of the inner profile piece by using acetone or ethanol, wherein the inner profile piece is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
B. assembling: the inner section pieces on two sides of the welding seam are tightly pressed by a clamping tool, so that the welding seam gap of the inner section pieces is ensured to be 0.5-1.0 mm, and the misalignment amount of the inner section pieces on two sides of the welding seam is 0.1-0.3 mm;
C. welding: editing a welding line program according to the matching performance of the actual inner profile pieces, wherein the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding line program to prevent gun collision, and meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembly state among the inner profile pieces, wherein the welding process adopts a DP mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 70-78 cm/min, the welding current is 110-130A, the welding voltage is 18-22V, and the dry elongation is 12-18 mm;
D. cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the inner profile piece is finished, performing ash wiping and cleaning on the surface of the welding seam, and inspecting according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the inner profile piece;
the welding process for welding the externally attached sheet metal part comprises the following steps:
E. preparing before welding: polishing the sheet metal part and the inner profile part to be welded within the range of 25-50 mm near a welding seam to remove an oxidation film on the surface of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, and cleaning oil stain on the surface of the sheet metal part by using acetone or ethanol, wherein the sheet metal part is a 5-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1mm, and the inner profile part to be welded is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
F. assembling: the sheet metal part and the inner profile part on two sides of the welding seam are tightly pressed by a clamping tool, and the welding seam gap between the sheet metal part and the inner profile part is ensured to be 0.1-0.7 mm;
G. welding: editing a welding line program according to the matching of an actual sheet metal part and an inner profile part, wherein the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding line program to prevent gun collision, and meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembling state of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, wherein the welding process adopts a PC mode and a CMT mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 48-60 cm/min, the welding current is 60-80A, the welding voltage is 17-19V, and the dry elongation is 12-18 mm;
H. cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part is finished, dust is wiped around the welding channel to be cleaned, and the inspection is carried out according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part.
Further, the grinding tools used for grinding in the step A and the step E are all steel wire bowl brushes.
And furthermore, the clamping tools in the step B and the step F are hydraulic pressure arms.
And further, the clamping tools in the step B and the step F are uniformly arranged in a staggered mode.
Furthermore, in the step C and the step G, the temperature of the welding environment is more than or equal to 18 ℃, the humidity is less than or equal to 60 percent, and the wind speed is less than 2 m/s.
Further, the welding in the step C and the step G adopts a TPS 4000-Foniss welding machine, and the welding protective gas is 99.99% Ar.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the automatic welding process for the aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body, welding characteristics of aluminum alloys with different plate thicknesses in different series (5 series and 6 series) and light-weight vehicles are analyzed, a welding seam program is edited according to matching performance of an actual inner profile piece and matching performance of an actual sheet metal piece and the inner profile piece, a welding robot system can switch different welding modes and process parameters in the welding process through programming, matching performance of the welding process and a part state is guaranteed, and the problems that thick plates are not melted, thin plates are easy to bite and the like in the welding process of different types of aluminum alloy plates with different plate thicknesses are solved.
2. The automatic welding process for the aluminum alloy light-weight automobile body, disclosed by the invention, has the advantages that in order to ensure the stability of a welding seam in the welding process of the light-weight automobile, a welding robot system is used for welding, manual welding is replaced, the welding seam is attractive, the welding defects are fewer, the welding seam quality and small deformation of a sheet metal part are ensured, shape correction is not needed, splashing is small, the welding and reworking workload is reduced, the qualification rate of the light-weight automobile is greatly increased, and the production efficiency of the aluminum alloy automobile body is improved.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the automatic welding process of the aluminum alloy light vehicle body.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
The CMT welding in the examples is a cold metal transition welding technique.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic welding process for the aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body mainly comprises inner profile welding and outer attached sheet metal part welding, wherein the welding process for the inner profile welding comprises the following steps:
A. preparing before welding: polishing the surface of the inner profile piece within the range of 30mm near the welding seam by using a steel wire bowl brush to remove an oxide film on the surface of the inner profile piece, and dipping non-woven fabric into acetone or ethanol to clean oil stain on the surface of the inner profile piece so as to prevent defects, wherein the inner profile piece is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
B. assembling: the method comprises the following steps that inner section pieces on two sides of a welding line are compressed by a clamping tool, so that the welding line gap of the inner section pieces is guaranteed to be 0.5mm, the misalignment amount of the inner section pieces on two sides of the welding line is 0.1mm, the clamping tool is a hydraulic pressure arm, the clamping tools are uniformly arranged in a staggered mode, and the matching performance of the inner section pieces and the clamping tools, such as welding gap, dislocation and the like, is checked after the inner section pieces are compressed;
C. welding: a welding seam program is edited according to the matching performance of actual inner profile pieces, the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding seam program, gun collision is prevented, meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembling state among the inner profile pieces, the welding process adopts a DP mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 70cm/min, the welding current is 110A, the welding voltage is 22V, the dry elongation is 12mm, welding parameters can be slightly adjusted according to different welding positions to adapt to pieces in different heat distribution states, the adequate welding penetration is ensured by adopting proper arc starting and receiving parameters, and the welding quality is improved. The welding environment temperature is 18 ℃, the humidity is 60%, the wind speed is 2m/s, a TPS 4000-Fornis welding machine is adopted for welding, the state of a welding robot is good, a welding gun of the welding machine does not seriously splash, a large amount of aluminum scraps are not generated in a wire feeding pipe and a wire feeder, and the welding protective gas is 99.99% Ar;
D. cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the inner profile piece is finished, performing ash wiping and cleaning on the surface of the welding seam by using a bowl brush, polishing skin interference points by using a rotary file, and inspecting according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the inner profile piece;
the welding process for welding the externally attached sheet metal part comprises the following steps:
E. preparing before welding: polishing the sheet metal part and the inner profile part to be welded within the range of 25mm near the welding seam by using a wire bowl brush to remove an oxide film on the surface of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, and cleaning oil stain on the surface of the sheet metal part by using non-woven fabric dipped with acetone or ethanol to prevent defects, wherein the sheet metal part is a 5-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1mm, and the inner profile part to be welded is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
F. assembling: the sheet metal part and the inner profile part on two sides of the welding line are compressed by a clamping tool, the gap between the sheet metal part and the welding line of the inner profile part is ensured to be 0.1mm, wherein the clamping tool is a hydraulic pressure arm and is uniformly arranged in a staggered manner, the sheet metal part and the inner profile part are compressed and then are checked for matching, and if a larger gap exists, the sheet metal part is deformed;
G. welding: editing a welding line program according to the matching of an actual sheet metal part and an inner profile part, wherein the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding line program, gun collision is prevented, and meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembling state of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, wherein the welding process adopts a PC mode and a CMT mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 48cm/min, the welding current is 60A, the welding voltage is 17V, the dry elongation is 12mm, the welding environment temperature is 18 ℃, the humidity is 50%, the wind speed is 2m/s, a TPS 4000-Venice welding machine is adopted for welding, the state of a welding robot is good, the welding gun of the welding machine does not seriously splash, a great amount of aluminum scraps do not exist in a wire feeding pipe and a wire feeder, and the welding protective gas;
H. cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part is finished, dust is wiped around the welding channel to be cleaned, and the inspection is carried out according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part.
Example 2
The utility model provides an automatic welding process of aluminum alloy light automobile body, mainly includes interior section bar spare welding and outer attached sheet metal component welding, wherein interior section bar spare welding's welding process is:
A. preparing before welding: polishing the surface of the inner profile piece within 40mm near the welding seam by using a steel wire bowl brush to remove an oxide film on the surface of the inner profile piece, and dipping non-woven fabric into acetone or ethanol to clean oil stain on the surface of the inner profile piece so as to prevent defects, wherein the inner profile piece is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
B. assembling: the method comprises the following steps that inner section pieces on two sides of a welding line are compressed by a clamping tool, so that the welding line gap of the inner section pieces is ensured to be 1.0mm, the misalignment amount of the inner section pieces on two sides of the welding line is ensured to be 0.3mm, wherein the clamping tool is a hydraulic pressure arm, the clamping tools are uniformly arranged in a staggered mode, and the matching performance of the inner section pieces and the clamping tools, such as welding gap, dislocation and the like, is checked after the inner section pieces are compressed;
C. welding: a welding seam program is edited according to the matching performance of actual inner profile pieces, the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding seam program, gun collision is prevented, meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembling state among the inner profile pieces, the welding process adopts a DP mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 78cm/min, the welding current is 130A, the welding voltage is 18V, the dry elongation is 18mm, welding parameters can be slightly adjusted according to different welding positions to adapt to pieces in different heat distribution states, the adequate welding penetration is ensured by adopting proper arc starting and receiving parameters, and the welding quality is improved. The welding environment temperature is 20 ℃, the humidity is 50%, the wind speed is 1.5m/s, a TPS 4000-Fornis welding machine is adopted for welding, the state of a welding robot is good, a welding gun of the welding machine does not seriously splash, a large amount of aluminum scraps are not generated in a wire feeding pipe and a wire feeder, and the welding protective gas is 99.99% Ar;
D. cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the inner profile piece is finished, performing ash wiping and cleaning on the surface of the welding seam by using a bowl brush, polishing skin interference points by using a rotary file, and inspecting according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the inner profile piece;
the welding process for welding the externally attached sheet metal part comprises the following steps:
E. preparing before welding: polishing the sheet metal part and the inner profile part to be welded within 40mm of the welding line to remove an oxide film on the surface of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, and cleaning oil stain on the surface of the sheet metal part by dipping non-woven fabric in acetone or ethanol to prevent defects, wherein the sheet metal part is a 5-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1mm, and the inner profile part to be welded is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
F. assembling: the sheet metal part and the inner profile part on two sides of the welding line are compressed by a clamping tool, the gap between the sheet metal part and the welding line of the inner profile part is ensured to be 0.2mm, wherein the clamping tool is a hydraulic pressure arm and is uniformly arranged in a staggered manner, the sheet metal part and the inner profile part are compressed and then are checked for matching, and if a larger gap exists, the sheet metal part is deformed;
G. welding: editing a welding line program according to the matching of an actual sheet metal part and an inner profile part, wherein the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding line program, gun collision is prevented, and meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembling state of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, wherein the welding process adopts a PC mode and a CMT mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 60cm/min, the welding current is 80A, the welding voltage is 19V, the dry elongation is 18mm, the welding environment temperature is 20 ℃, the humidity is 60%, the wind speed is 1.5m/s, a TPS 4000-Venice welding machine is adopted for welding, the state of a welding robot is good, the welding gun of the welding machine does not seriously splash, a wire feeding pipe and a wire feeder do not contain a large amount of aluminum scraps, and the welding protective gas is;
H. cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part is finished, dust is wiped around the welding channel to be cleaned, and the inspection is carried out according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part.
Example 3
The utility model provides an automatic welding process of aluminum alloy light automobile body, mainly includes interior section bar spare welding and outer attached sheet metal component welding, wherein interior section bar spare welding's welding process is:
A. preparing before welding: polishing the surface of the inner profile piece within the range of 50mm near the welding seam by using a steel wire bowl brush to remove an oxide film on the surface of the inner profile piece, and dipping non-woven fabric into acetone or ethanol to clean oil stain on the surface of the inner profile piece so as to prevent defects, wherein the inner profile piece is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
B. assembling: the method comprises the following steps that inner section pieces on two sides of a welding line are compressed by a clamping tool, so that the welding line gap of the inner section pieces is guaranteed to be 0.8mm, the misalignment amount of the inner section pieces on two sides of the welding line is 0.2mm, the clamping tool is a hydraulic pressure arm, the clamping tools are uniformly arranged in a staggered mode, and the matching performance of the inner section pieces and the clamping tools, such as welding gap, dislocation and the like, is checked after the inner section pieces are compressed;
C. welding: a welding seam program is edited according to the matching performance of actual inner profile pieces, the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding seam program, gun collision is prevented, meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembling state among the inner profile pieces, the welding process adopts a DP mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 78cm/min, the welding current is 120A, the welding voltage is 20V, the dry elongation is 15mm, welding parameters can be slightly adjusted according to different welding positions to adapt to pieces in different heat distribution states, the adequate welding penetration is ensured by adopting proper arc starting and receiving parameters, and the welding quality is improved. The welding environment temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 50%, the wind speed is 1.5m/s, a TPS 4000-Fornis welding machine is adopted for welding, the state of a welding robot is good, a welding gun of the welding machine does not seriously splash, a large amount of aluminum scraps are not generated in a wire feeding pipe and a wire feeder, and the welding protective gas is 99.99% Ar; the DP mode of CMT welding is a double-pulse mode of a traditional welding machine, wherein one way is a forward pulse, the other way is a reverse pulse, and the two pulses are alternately changed.
D. Cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the inner profile piece is finished, performing ash wiping and cleaning on the surface of the welding seam by using a bowl brush, polishing skin interference points by using a rotary file, and inspecting according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the inner profile piece;
the welding process for welding the externally attached sheet metal part comprises the following steps:
E. preparing before welding: polishing the sheet metal part and the inner profile part to be welded within 40mm of the welding line to remove an oxide film on the surface of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, and cleaning oil stain on the surface of the sheet metal part by dipping non-woven fabric in acetone or ethanol to prevent defects, wherein the sheet metal part is a 5-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1mm, and the inner profile part to be welded is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
F. assembling: the sheet metal part and the inner profile part on two sides of the welding seam are compressed by a clamping tool, the gap between the sheet metal part and the welding seam of the inner profile part is ensured to be 0.3mm, wherein the clamping tool is a hydraulic pressure arm and is uniformly arranged in a staggered manner, the sheet metal part and the inner profile part are compressed and then are checked for matching, and if a larger gap exists, the sheet metal part deforms and the like;
G. welding: editing a welding line program according to the matching of an actual sheet metal part and an inner profile part, wherein the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding line program, gun collision is prevented, and meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembling state of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, wherein the welding process adopts a PC mode and a CMT mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 50cm/min, the welding current is 70A, the welding voltage is 18V, the dry elongation is 15mm, the welding environment temperature is 25 ℃, the humidity is 50%, the wind speed is 1.5m/s, a TPS 4000-Venice welding machine is adopted for welding, the state of a welding robot is good, the welding gun of the welding machine does not seriously splash, a wire feeding pipe and a wire feeder do not contain a large amount of aluminum scraps, and the welding protective gas is; because the melting point of aluminum is lower, but the melting point of an oxide film on the surface of an aluminum profile is very high, welding burn-through after an arc starting current is turned on can often occur, or when intensive welding is performed, a workpiece is heated, and arc starting is directly burned-through, so that a PC mode is adopted, and the PC mode has the advantages that after an arc is turned on, CMT is switched, energy input is stable, forming is better when a thin plate is welded, the problems of non-melting and burn-through can be further avoided, debugging is simple, and stability is high.
H. Cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part is finished, dust is wiped around the welding channel to be cleaned, and the inspection is carried out according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part.
The yield and the production efficiency of the aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body prepared in the embodiment 1-3 are shown in the first table:
watch 1
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | |
| Percent pass (%) | 99.3 | 99.2 | 99.5 |
| Production efficiency (s/piece) | 175 | 173 | 174 |
The aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body prepared by the automatic welding process of the aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body disclosed by the invention has the qualification rate of 99 percent, which is higher than 96 percent in the prior art, and the production efficiency of 175 s/piece, which is higher than 210 s/piece in the prior art.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an automatic welding process of aluminum alloy light automobile body which characterized in that mainly includes interior section bar spare welding and attaches the sheet metal component welding outward, and wherein interior section bar spare welded welding process is:
A. preparing before welding: polishing within 25-50 mm of the vicinity of a welding seam to remove an oxide film on the surface of the inner profile piece, and cleaning oil stain on the surface of the inner profile piece by using acetone or ethanol, wherein the inner profile piece is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
B. assembling: the inner section pieces on two sides of the welding seam are tightly pressed by a clamping tool, so that the welding seam gap of the inner section pieces is ensured to be 0.5-1.0 mm, and the misalignment amount of the inner section pieces on two sides of the welding seam is 0.1-0.3 mm;
C. welding: editing a welding line program according to the matching performance of the actual inner profile pieces, wherein the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding line program to prevent gun collision, and meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembly state among the inner profile pieces, wherein the welding process adopts a DP mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 70-78 cm/min, the welding current is 110-130A, the welding voltage is 18-22V, and the dry elongation is 12-18 mm;
D. cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the inner profile piece is finished, performing ash wiping and cleaning on the surface of the welding seam, and inspecting according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the inner profile piece;
the welding process for welding the externally attached sheet metal part comprises the following steps:
E. preparing before welding: polishing the sheet metal part and the inner profile part to be welded within the range of 25-50 mm near a welding seam to remove an oxidation film on the surface of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, and cleaning oil stain on the surface of the sheet metal part by using acetone or ethanol, wherein the sheet metal part is a 5-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 1mm, and the inner profile part to be welded is a 6-series aluminum alloy with the thickness of 3 mm;
F. assembling: the sheet metal part and the inner profile part on two sides of the welding seam are tightly pressed by a clamping tool, and the welding seam gap between the sheet metal part and the inner profile part is ensured to be 0.1-0.7 mm;
G. welding: editing a welding line program according to the matching of an actual sheet metal part and an inner profile part, wherein the states of a positioner and a clamping tool need to be considered in the programming process of the welding line program to prevent gun collision, and meanwhile, the posture of a welding gun is adjusted according to the assembling state of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part, wherein the welding process adopts a PC mode and a CMT mode of CMT welding, the welding speed is 48-60 cm/min, the welding current is 60-80A, the welding voltage is 17-19V, and the dry elongation is 12-18 mm;
H. cleaning and checking after welding: after the welding of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part is finished, dust is wiped around the welding channel to be cleaned, and the inspection is carried out according to the quality requirement of the welding seam of the sheet metal part and the inner profile part.
2. The automatic welding process of aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle bodies of claim 1, wherein the grinding tools used in grinding in step A and step E are all wire bowl brushes.
3. The automatic welding process of the aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping tools in step B and step F are hydraulic pressure arms.
4. The automatic welding process of the aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping tools in the step B and the step F are uniformly arranged in a staggered manner.
5. The automatic welding process of the aluminum alloy light-weight vehicle body as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the welding environment in step C and step G is more than or equal to 18 ℃, the humidity is less than or equal to 60%, and the wind speed is less than 2 m/s.
6. The automatic welding process of aluminum alloy light weight vehicle body according to claim 5, wherein step C and step G adopt TPS 4000-Fornis welding machine, and welding shielding gas is 99.99% Ar.
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| CN110293276A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-01 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Al alloy parts welding method |
| CN111702302A (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2020-09-25 | 天津英利模具制造有限公司 | Welding process of lightweight aluminum alloy vehicle door |
| CN115194356A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-10-18 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle body surface welding treatment process and vehicle body structure |
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| CN102896398A (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2013-01-30 | 上海交通大学 | Aluminum alloy arc spot welding method based on CMT (Cold Metal Transmission Welding) and welding system |
| CN103008830A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-04-03 | 上海交通大学 | CMT (Cold Metal Transfer)-based light metal arc spot welding method and device thereof |
| CN103866317B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-03-02 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of surface deposited metal method improving welded joints in aluminium alloy intensity |
| CN104475929A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-04-01 | 芜湖中集瑞江汽车有限公司 | Inert gas arc welding process suitable for aluminum and aluminum alloy with plate thickness smaller than 4mm |
| CN104625344A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2015-05-20 | 辽宁忠旺集团有限公司 | Welding technology for blocking aluminum alloy side wall of subway compartment |
| CN204978886U (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 郑州比克新能源汽车有限公司 | Floor assembly before full aluminium of electricelectric motor car |
| CN108067704B (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2020-12-22 | 西安航天发动机厂 | CMT welding process of 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel and 5A06 aluminum alloy |
| CN108340056A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-07-31 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of ultra-thin Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding Variable Polarity CMT welding techniques |
| CN108453354A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-08-28 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of butt welding process suitable for aluminium alloy |
| CN108340057A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-31 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy thick wall structure Rapid Shaping Technology of Arc Welding |
| CN108544062B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2020-09-18 | 辽宁忠旺铝合金精深加工有限公司 | Automatic welding method for aluminum alloy sheet |
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2018
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