CN109126208B - Non-woven fabric and application thereof in oil-water emulsion separation - Google Patents

Non-woven fabric and application thereof in oil-water emulsion separation Download PDF

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CN109126208B
CN109126208B CN201810806288.XA CN201810806288A CN109126208B CN 109126208 B CN109126208 B CN 109126208B CN 201810806288 A CN201810806288 A CN 201810806288A CN 109126208 B CN109126208 B CN 109126208B
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fibers
mass
parts
fiber
liquid medicine
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CN109126208A (en
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刘海峰
孙一峰
魏俊锋
刘梦影
谢宇达
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Institute Of Testing And Analysis Guangdong Academy Of Sciences Guangzhou Analysis And Testing Center China
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Guangdong Institute Of Analysis (china National Analytical Center Guangzhou)
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/048—Breaking emulsions by changing the state of aggregation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D04H1/4258—Regenerated cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/498—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres entanglement of layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D06M15/273—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof of unsaturated carboxylic esters having epoxy groups
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/04—Vegetal fibres
    • D06M2101/06—Vegetal fibres cellulosic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
    • D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties

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  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-woven fabric and application thereof in oil-water emulsion separation. The preparation method of the non-woven fabric comprises the following steps: (1) dispersing the fibers in the liquid medicine A, stirring, mixing uniformly, filtering, pressing and binding filter residues after filtering to form a fiber filter cake, drying the fiber filter cake, and performing heat treatment to obtain hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers; (2) dispersing the fibers in the liquid medicine B, stirring and mixing at room temperature, uniformly filtering, pressing and binding filter residues after filtering to form a fiber filter cake, drying the fiber filter cake, and performing heat treatment to obtain demulsifying fibers; (3) respectively forming a disordered net by the hydrophobic-oleophylic fiber and the demulsifying fiber through a cylinder, a disordered roller and a doffer of a carding machine, then laying the disordered net into a net, and consolidating the hydrophobic-oleophylic fiber and the demulsifying fiber by adopting a needle punching method or a spunlacing method to obtain the non-woven fabric. The non-woven fabric has the effects of demulsifying the anionic oil-in-water emulsion and selectively realizing oil extraction and separation, and can be widely applied to the fields of sewage treatment, marine oil pollution recovery, petroleum production and the like.

Description

Non-woven fabric and application thereof in oil-water emulsion separation
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a non-woven fabric and application thereof in oil-water emulsion separation.
Background art:
janus type cloth refers to cloth with two distinct properties on its two sides, including physical, chemical, and optical properties, which are not simply the superposition of the two properties, but rather the synergistic effect of the two properties. Typically, a hydrophilic-hydrophobic Janus-type fabric has hydrophilic properties on one side and hydrophobic properties on the other. The waterproof and breathable T-shirt is applied to outdoor rainproof and breathable clothes or sweat-absorbing and moisture-proof movement T-shirt. Baby diapers also use the earlier Janus-type cloth, which has a urine-absorbing effect on one side and an insulating effect on the other side, and both synergistically act to provide urine insulation.
The non-woven fabric has the characteristics of short process flow, high production speed, high yield, low cost, wide application, many raw material sources and the like. The non-woven fabric has the characteristic of anisotropy due to the fact that the non-woven fabric has no warps and wefts, is high in uniformity on the whole, is relatively loose in fiber arrangement, and is high in liquid flux, but is rarely applied to the industrial fields of sewage treatment, marine oil stain recovery, petroleum production and the like due to the limitation of the performance of the non-woven fabric.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a non-woven fabric and application thereof in oil-water emulsion separation, the non-woven fabric provided by the invention is prepared from hydrophobic-oleophilic fibers and demulsifying fibers through carding, laminating and forming, the preparation process only needs to adjust the feeding sequence of raw fibers, has little difference from the production process of common non-woven fabrics, does not need to change equipment, is suitable for large-scale industrial production, has the effects of demulsifying anionic oil-in-water emulsion and selectively realizing oil extraction separation, and can be widely applied to the industrial fields of sewage treatment, marine oil pollution recovery, petroleum production, industrial demulsification and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a non-woven fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber: dispersing 1-20 parts of fibers in a first liquid medicine, stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate and filter the first liquid medicine and the fibers, pressing and binding filter residues after filtration to form a fiber filter cake, removing redundant liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the fiber absorbing the liquid medicine, controlling the rolling residual rate to be between 100-400%, drying the fiber filter cake, and performing heat treatment at 160-200 ℃ for 5-20 min to obtain hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers;
the liquid medicine A consists of an active substance A and a solvent A, the active substance A is polysiloxane or polyacrylate, the structure of the polysiloxane is shown as a formula A, and the structure of the polyacrylate is shown as a formula B:
Figure BDA0001738240180000021
wherein: in A, m + n is 1, m is more than 0, n is more than 0, x is more than 0, n/m is 2-16%, and x/n is 20-100%; in B, m + n + p is 1, m is greater than 0, nxp is greater than or equal to 0, and (n + p)/(m + n + p) is 2-16%;
(2) preparing demulsifying fibers: dispersing 5-20 parts of fibers in a liquid medicine B, stirring and mixing for 30min at room temperature to enable the liquid medicine A and the fibers to be fully soaked, filtered, pressing and binding filter residues after filtering to form a fiber filter cake, removing redundant liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the fiber to adsorb the liquid medicine, controlling the rolling residual rate to be between 100% and 400%, drying the fiber filter cake, and performing heat treatment at 160-170 ℃ for 5-30 min to obtain emulsion breaking fibers;
the liquid medicine B consists of an active substance B and a solvent B, and the structure of the active substance B is shown as a formula C:
Figure BDA0001738240180000031
wherein: m + n + p is 1, m is more than 0, nxp is more than or equal to 0, and (n + p)/(m + n + p) is 2-16%;
(3) and (2) respectively enabling the hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers prepared in the step (1) and the demulsifying fibers prepared in the step (2) to pass through a cylinder, a disordered roller and a doffer of a carding machine to form a disordered net, enabling the non-woven fabric and the transverse strength ratio to be 0.3-1.5, then laying the disordered net, enabling the thickness ratio of the hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers to the demulsifying fibers to be 1: 9-9: 1, and consolidating the hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers and the demulsifying fibers by adopting a needle punching method or a spunlacing method to obtain the non-woven fabric. The rolling allowance is preferably 180-260%.
After the nonwoven fabric is prepared by the needle punching method or the spunlacing method, the originally loose and uncrosslinked fibers become compact by the felting needles or the spunlacing method, the fibers are staggered locally, but the delamination of the two fibers still exists on the whole. The non-woven fabric production equipment has different parameter settings, so that the equipment is not required, and the non-woven fabric can be prepared.
Preferably, the fiber in step (1) and step (2) is selected from one of cotton fiber, hemp fiber, wood pulp fiber and chitin fiber.
Preferably, the solvent A in the step (1) is selected from one or more of ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether, and the solvent B in the step (2) is selected from one or more of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, xylene and petroleum ether.
Further, the polysiloxane in the step (1) is prepared by the following steps: dissolving 8.55 parts by mass of polyvinyl silicone oil in 40 parts by mass of solvent A, introducing nitrogen to remove oxygen, adding 1.28-1.45 parts by mass of mercaptopropyl trimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane or mercaptopropyl methyl dimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, uniformly stirring, adding 0.018-0.18 part by mass of initiator A, and irradiating by using an ultraviolet lamp at 365nm for 20-30 min to obtain the polysiloxane. The initiator A is selected from one of benzoin dimethyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether and benzoin butyl ether.
Further, the polyacrylate in the step (1) is prepared by the following steps: with 3- [ tris (trimethylsiloxy) silyl methacrylate]Propyl ester is a hydrophobic-lipophilic active monomer, more than one of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (methacryloyloxy) propylmethyldimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (acryloyloxy) propyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (acryloyloxy) propylmethyldimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane and glycidyl (meth) acrylate is taken as a crosslinking monomer, 18.77-19.30 parts by mass of the hydrophobic-lipophilic active monomer and 0.70-1.23 parts by mass of the crosslinking monomer are dissolved in 80 parts by mass of solvent A, and N is2And (3) under the atmosphere, uniformly stirring, adding 0.1-0.4 part by mass of initiator B, and reacting at the temperature of 50-100 ℃ for 10-24 hours to obtain the polyacrylate. The initiator B is one selected from azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptonitrile, benzoyl peroxide/sucrose and benzoyl peroxide/N, N-dimethylaniline, and is preferably azobisisoheptonitrile.
Further, the polyacrylate in the step (2) is prepared by the following steps: taking (methyl) dimethylaminoethyl acrylate as a demulsification active monomer, taking one or two of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (methacryloyloxy) propylmethyldimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (acryloyloxy) propyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (acryloyloxy) propylmethyldimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane and glycidyl (methyl) acrylate as a crosslinking monomer, and dissolving 5-18.43 parts by mass of the demulsification active monomer and 0.20-1.83 parts by mass of the crosslinking monomer into the emulsion-breaking active monomerIn 80 parts by mass of solvent A, in the presence of N2And (2) under the atmosphere, uniformly stirring, adding 0.3-1.6 parts by mass of initiator C, and reacting at the temperature of 50-100 ℃ for 10-24 hours to obtain the polyacrylate. The initiator C is selected from one of azobisisobutyronitrile, azobisisoheptonitrile, benzoyl peroxide/sucrose and benzoyl peroxide/N, N-dimethylaniline, and is preferably azobisisoheptonitrile.
The gram weight of the non-woven fabric prepared by the preparation method is 30-150 g/m2。
The non-woven fabric provided by the invention is used for oil-water emulsion separation. Preparing a model emulsion: 0.5 part by mass of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) is dissolved in 80 parts by mass of water, 20 parts by mass of n-Hexadecane (HD) is added after complete dissolution, and shearing stirring and high-pressure homogenization are carried out to form uniform and stable emulsion with the average particle size of 20 mu m.
In the oil-water separation device, the non-woven fabric is arranged between two glassware, the fiber II faces the emulsion feeding end, and the fiber I faces the oil collecting end. Putting magnetons into a glass ware, pouring the model emulsion, and stirring. And (5) inspecting the separation rate, the separation degree and the repeated use effect.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the non-woven fabric provided by the invention is prepared from hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers and demulsifying fibers through carding, laminating and forming, the preparation process only needs to adjust the feeding sequence of raw fibers, has little difference with the production process of common non-woven fabrics, does not need to change equipment, and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
2. The non-woven fabric has the effects of demulsifying the anionic oil-in-water emulsion and selectively realizing oil extraction and separation, and can be widely applied to the fields of sewage treatment, marine oil pollution recovery, petroleum production, industrial demulsification and the like.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows an oil-water separation experimental apparatus according to examples 1 to 7.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following is a further description of the invention and is not intended to be limiting.
Example 1:
1.1 preparation of functional fibers
Preparation of hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber (fiber i):
process for preparing polysiloxanes (A1) (R)1＝CH3，R2＝OCH3M ═ 0.900, x ═ 0.065, n-x ═ 0.035): 8.55 parts by mass of polyvinyl silicone oil was dissolved in 40 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, and N was introduced2Removing O2Adding 1.45 parts by mass of mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane, uniformly stirring, adding 0.019 part by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether serving as an initiator, and irradiating for 20min by using an ultraviolet lamp at 365nm to complete the reaction.
Dispersing 10 parts by mass of cotton fibers in 100 parts by mass of a liquid medicine A (A1 ethyl acetate solution with the mass fraction of 1%), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine A and the cotton fibers; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 200%, and drying the liquid medicine solvent and then carrying out heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
Preparing demulsifying fibers (fibers II):
preparation method of polyacrylate C1 (R)1＝R2＝R4＝CH3，R5＝OCH3M is 0.97, n is 0.03, p is 0): 5 parts by mass of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate as a demulsifying active monomer, 0.23 part by mass of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane as a crosslinking monomer, 0.30 part by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, 25 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and N2The reaction time is 24h under protection and reflux.
Dispersing 10 parts of cotton fiber in 100 parts of liquid medicine B (7.5% by mass of C1 tetrahydrofuran solution), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine B and the cotton fiber; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 180%, drying the liquid medicine solvent, and performing heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
1.2 Web preparation and formation
The fibers I and II prepared in step 1.1 are respectively processed by a cylinder of a carding machineRandom roll (acceleration) -doffer (deceleration) to form a random web (nonwoven, cross-directional strength ratio 1) and then lay it up into a web, the thickness ratio of fibers I to (fibers I + fibers II) being 0.1, the nonwoven being consolidated by needling or hydroentangling, the basis weight being 60g/m2。
1.3 oil-water separation experiment
As shown in fig. 1, in the oil-water separator, a nonwoven fabric was arranged in the middle of a glass vessel, with fiber ii facing the emulsion feed end and fiber i facing the oil collection end. The magneton is placed in the mixture, 30mL of the emulsion is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred. Maximum separation speed 1450kgh-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%. After repeated use for 5 times, the maximum separation speed is 1430kg h-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%.
Example 2:
2.1 preparation of functional fibers
Hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber preparation (fiber i):
process for preparing polysiloxanes (A2) (R)1＝R2＝CH3M-0.920, x-0.060, n-x-0.020): 8.55 parts by mass of polyvinyl silicone oil was dissolved in 40 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, and N was introduced2Removing O2Adding 1.28 parts by mass of mercaptopropyl-methyldimethoxysilane, uniformly stirring, adding 0.018 part by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether serving as an initiator, and illuminating for 30min by using an ultraviolet lamp at 365nm to complete the reaction.
Dispersing 20 parts by mass of cotton fibers in 100 parts by mass of a liquid medicine A (A2 petroleum ether solution with the mass fraction of 2%), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to enable the liquid medicine A and the cotton fibers to be fully infiltrated; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 180%, drying the liquid medicine solvent, and performing heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
Demulsifying fiber preparation (fiber II):
preparation method of polyacrylate C2 (R)1＝R2＝R4＝R5＝CH3M is 0.97, n is 0.03, p is 0): 5 parts by mass of dimethylamine ethyl methacrylate as a demulsification active monomer and 0.22 part by mass of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl methyldimethoxySilane as a crosslinking monomer, 0.30 part by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, 25 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and N2The reaction time is 24h under protection and reflux.
Dispersing 20 parts of cotton fibers in 100 parts of liquid medicine B (0.5% by mass of C2 tetrahydrofuran solution), and stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine B and the cotton fibers; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 400%, drying the liquid medicine solvent, and performing heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
2.2 Web preparation and Forming
The fibers I and II prepared in the step 2.1 are respectively processed by a cylinder of a carding machine, a disorder roller (speed raising) and a doffer (speed lowering) to form a disorder net (non-woven fabric, transverse strength ratio is 0.5), then the disorder net is laid, the thickness of the fibers I and the (fibers I and fibers II) is 0.9, the non-woven fabric is consolidated by adopting a needle punching method or a spunlacing method, and the gram weight is 60g/m2。
2.3 oil-water separation experiment
As shown in fig. 1, in the oil-water separator, a nonwoven fabric was arranged in the middle of a glass vessel, with fiber ii facing the emulsion feed end and fiber i facing the oil collection end. The magneton is placed in the mixture, 30mL of the emulsion is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred. Maximum separation velocity 1560kgh-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%. After repeated use for 5 times, the maximum separation speed is 1545kg h-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%.
Example 3:
3.1 preparation of functional fibers
Hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber preparation (fiber i):
preparation method (R) of polyacrylic acid structure (B3)1＝CH3，R2＝OCH3M is 0.90, n is 0.10, p is 0): 18.77 parts by mass of 3- [ tris (trimethylsiloxy) silyl ] methacrylate]Propyl ester (CAS:17096-07-0) is a hydrophobic-lipophilic active monomer, and 1.23 parts by mass of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane is a crosslinking monomer; 0.1 part by mass of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile; 80 parts by mass of toluene as a solvent; the reaction temperature is 65 ℃, and the reaction time is 15 h.
Dispersing 5 parts by mass of fibrilia in 100 parts by mass of liquid medicine A (0.5% by mass of B3 petroleum ether solution), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine A and the fibrilia; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 200%, and drying the liquid medicine solvent and then carrying out heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
Demulsifying fiber preparation (fiber II):
preparation method of polyacrylate C3 (R)1＝R2＝H，R4＝R5＝CH3M is 0.97, n is 0.03, p is 0): 5 parts by mass of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate as a demulsifying active monomer, 0.20 part by mass of 3- (acryloyloxy) propyl methyldimethoxysilane as a crosslinking monomer, 0.30 part by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, 25 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, N2The reaction time is 24h under protection and reflux.
Dispersing 20 parts by mass of fibrilia in 100 parts by mass of liquid medicine B (0.5% by mass of C3 tetrahydrofuran solution), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine B and the fibrilia; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 400%, drying the liquid medicine solvent, and performing heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
3.2 Web preparation and Forming
The fibers I and II prepared in the step 3.1 are respectively processed by a cylinder of a carding machine, a disorder roller (speed raising) and a doffer (speed lowering) to form a disorder net (non-woven fabric, transverse strength ratio is 0.5), then the disorder net is laid, the thickness of the fibers I and the (fibers I and fibers II) is 0.9, the non-woven fabric is consolidated by adopting a needle punching method or a spunlacing method, and the gram weight is 150g/m2。
3.3 oil-water separation experiment
As shown in fig. 1, in the oil-water separator, a nonwoven fabric was arranged in the middle of a glass vessel, with fiber ii facing the emulsion feed end and fiber i facing the oil collection end. The magneton is placed in the mixture, 30mL of the emulsion is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred. Maximum separation velocity 1360kgh-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%. After repeated use for 5 times, the product is finallyHigh separation speed 1335kg h-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%.
Example 4:
4.1 preparation of functional fibers
Hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber preparation (fiber i):
preparation method (R) of polyacrylic acid structure (B4)1＝R5＝CH3，R2＝OCH3M is 0.90, n is 0.05, p is 0.05): 18.77 parts by mass of 3- [ tris (trimethylsiloxy) silyl ] methacrylate]Propyl ester (CAS:17096-07-0) is used as a hydrophobic-lipophilic active monomer, and 0.61 mass part of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane and 0.35 mass part of glycidyl methacrylate are used as crosslinking monomers; 0.1 part by mass of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile; 80 parts by mass of toluene as a solvent; the reaction temperature is 65 ℃, and the reaction time is 15 h.
Dispersing 5 parts by mass of chitin fibers in 100 parts by mass of a liquid medicine A (0.5% by mass of a B3 toluene solution), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine A and the chitin fibers; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 200%, and drying the liquid medicine solvent and then carrying out heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
Demulsifying fiber preparation (fiber II):
preparation method of polyacrylate C4 (R)1＝R3＝CH3M is 0.90, n is 0, p is 0.10): 18.17 parts by mass of dimethylamine ethyl methacrylate as a demulsification active monomer, 1.83 parts by mass of glycidyl methacrylate as a crosslinking monomer, 1.6 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, 80 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and N2The reaction time is 24h under protection and reflux.
Dispersing 20 parts by mass of chitin fiber in 100 parts by mass of liquid medicine B (1.0% tetrahydrofuran solution of C4), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine B and the chitin fiber; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 300%, drying the liquid medicine solvent, and performing heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
4.2 Web preparation and Forming
The fibers I and II prepared in the step 4.1 are respectively processed by a cylinder of a carding machine, a disorder roller (speed raising) and a doffer (speed lowering) to form a disorder net (non-woven fabric, transverse strength ratio is 0.8), then the disorder net is laid, the thickness of the fibers I and the (fibers I and fibers II) is 0.5, the non-woven fabric is consolidated by adopting a needle punching method or a spunlacing method, and the gram weight is 30g/m2。
4.3 oil-water separation experiment
As shown in fig. 1, in the oil-water separator, a nonwoven fabric was arranged in the middle of a glass vessel, with fiber ii facing the emulsion feed end and fiber i facing the oil collection end. The magneton is placed in the mixture, 30mL of the emulsion is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred. Maximum separation velocity 1660kgh-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%. After repeated use for 5 times, the maximum separation speed is 1600kg h-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%.
Example 5:
5.1 preparation of functional fibers
Hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber preparation (fiber i):
preparation method of polyacrylate B5 (m is 0.9, n is 0, p is 0.1): 19.30 parts by mass of 3- [ tris (trimethylsiloxy) silyl ] propyl methacrylate (CAS:17096-07-0) as a hydrophobic-lipophilic active monomer, 0.70 part by mass of glycidyl methacrylate as a crosslinking monomer, 0.40 part by mass of azobisisoheptonitrile, and 80 parts by mass of toluene as a solvent, wherein the reaction temperature is 50 ℃ and the reaction time is 24 hours.
Dispersing 20 parts by mass of wood pulp fibers in 100 parts by mass of a liquid medicine A (a 10% B5 toluene solution), and stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine A and the wood pulp fibers; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 100%, and drying the liquid medicine solvent and then carrying out heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
Demulsifying fiber preparation (fiber II):
preparation method of polyacrylate C5 (R)1＝H，R3H, m is 0.90, n is 0, p is 0.10): 18.43 parts by mass of dimethylaminoethyl acrylate is used as demulsifying activityAn acidic monomer, 1.57 parts by mass of glycidyl acrylate as a crosslinking monomer, 1.6 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, 80 parts by mass of toluene as a solvent, and N2Reacting for 24 hours at 50 ℃ under protection.
Dispersing 20 parts of wood pulp fiber in 100 parts of liquid medicine B (1.0% tetrahydrofuran solution of C4), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine B and the wood pulp fiber; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 300%, drying the liquid medicine solvent, and performing heat treatment at 160 ℃ for 30 min.
5.2 Web preparation and Forming
The fibers I and II prepared in the step 4.1 are respectively processed by a cylinder of a carding machine, a disorder roller (speed raising) and a doffer (speed lowering) to form a disorder net (non-woven fabric, transverse strength ratio is 0.9), then the disorder net is laid, the thickness of the fibers I and the (fibers I and fibers II) is 0.5, the non-woven fabric is consolidated by adopting a needle punching method or a spunlacing method, and the gram weight is 60g/m2。
5.3 oil-water separation experiment
As shown in fig. 1, in the oil-water separator, a nonwoven fabric was arranged in the middle of a glass vessel, with fiber ii facing the emulsion feed end and fiber i facing the oil collection end. The magneton is placed in the mixture, 30mL of the emulsion is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred. Maximum separation velocity 1360kgh-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%. After 5 times of repeated use, the maximum separation speed is 1310kg h-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%.
Example 6:
6.1 preparation of functional fibers
Preparation of hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber (fiber i):
process for preparing polysiloxanes (A1) (R)1＝CH3，R2＝OCH3M ═ 0.900, x ═ 0.065, n-x ═ 0.035): 8.55 parts by mass of polyvinyl silicone oil was dissolved in 40 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, and N was introduced2Removing O20.80 mass portion of mercaptopropyl trimethoxy silane is added, after uniform stirring, 0.019 mass portion of benzoin dimethyl ether serving as an initiator is added, and the reaction is finished by irradiating for 20min under the ultraviolet lamp at 365 nm.
Dispersing 10 parts by mass of cotton fibers in 100 parts by mass of a liquid medicine A (A1 ethyl acetate solution with the mass fraction of 1%), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine A and the cotton fibers; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 200%, and drying the liquid medicine solvent and then carrying out heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
Preparing demulsifying fibers (fibers II):
preparation method of polyacrylate C1 (R)1＝R2＝R4＝CH3，R5＝OCH3M is 0.97, n is 0.03, p is 0): 5 parts by mass of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate as a demulsifying active monomer, 0.23 part by mass of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane as a crosslinking monomer, 0.30 part by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, 25 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and N2The reaction time is 24h under protection and reflux.
Dispersing 10 parts of cotton fiber in 100 parts of liquid medicine B (7.5% by mass of C1 tetrahydrofuran solution), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine B and the cotton fiber; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 180%, drying the liquid medicine solvent, and performing heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
6.2 Web preparation and formation
The fibers I and II prepared in the step 1.1 are respectively processed by a cylinder of a carding machine, a disorder roller (speed raising) and a doffer (speed lowering) to form a disorder net (non-woven fabric, transverse strength ratio 1), then the disorder net and the transverse strength ratio are laid to form a net, the thickness ratio of the fibers I to the fibers I and the fibers II is 0.1, the non-woven fabric is consolidated by a needle punching method or a spunlacing method, and the gram weight is 60g/m2。
6.3 oil-water separation experiment
As shown in fig. 1, in the oil-water separator, a nonwoven fabric was arranged in the middle of a glass vessel, with fiber ii facing the emulsion feed end and fiber i facing the oil collection end. The magneton is placed in the mixture, 30mL of the emulsion is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred. Maximum separation velocity 1400kgh-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%. After repeated use for 5 timesMaximum separation speed 1380kg h-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%.
Example 7:
7.1 preparation of functional fibers
Preparation of hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber (fiber i):
process for preparing polysiloxanes (A1) (R)1＝CH3，R2＝OCH3M ═ 0.900, x ═ 0.065, n-x ═ 0.035): 8.55 parts by mass of polyvinyl silicone oil was dissolved in 40 parts by mass of ethyl acetate, and N was introduced2Removing O2Adding 2.20 parts by mass of mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, uniformly stirring, adding 0.019 part by mass of benzoin dimethyl ether serving as an initiator, and irradiating for 20min by using an ultraviolet lamp at 365nm to complete the reaction.
Dispersing 10 parts by mass of cotton fibers in 100 parts by mass of a liquid medicine A (A1 ethyl acetate solution with the mass fraction of 1%), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine A and the cotton fibers; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 200%, and drying the liquid medicine solvent and then carrying out heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
Preparing demulsifying fibers (fibers II):
preparation method of polyacrylate C1 (R)1＝R2＝R4＝CH3，R5＝OCH3M is 0.97, n is 0.03, p is 0): 5 parts by mass of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate as a demulsifying active monomer, 0.23 part by mass of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl trimethoxy silane as a crosslinking monomer, 0.30 part by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile as an initiator, 25 parts by mass of tetrahydrofuran as a solvent, and N2The reaction time is 24h under protection and reflux.
Dispersing 10 parts of cotton fiber in 100 parts of liquid medicine B (7.5% by mass of C1 tetrahydrofuran solution), stirring and mixing at room temperature for 30min to fully infiltrate the liquid medicine B and the cotton fiber; filtering to form a fiber filter cake, pressing to remove excessive liquid medicine, ensuring the uniformity of the liquid medicine adsorbed by the fiber, controlling the rolling residual rate at 180%, drying the liquid medicine solvent, and performing heat treatment at 170 ℃ for 20 min.
7.2 Web preparation and formation
The fibers I and II prepared in the step 1.1 are respectively processed by a cylinder of a carding machine, a disorder roller (speed raising) and a doffer (speed lowering) to form a disorder net (non-woven fabric, transverse strength ratio 1), then the disorder net and the transverse strength ratio are laid to form a net, the thickness ratio of the fibers I to the fibers I and the fibers II is 0.1, the non-woven fabric is consolidated by a needle punching method or a spunlacing method, and the gram weight is 60g/m2。
7.3 oil-water separation experiment
As shown in fig. 1, in the oil-water separator, a nonwoven fabric was arranged in the middle of a glass vessel, with fiber ii facing the emulsion feed end and fiber i facing the oil collection end. The magneton is placed in the mixture, 30mL of the emulsion is poured into the mixture, and the mixture is stirred. Maximum separation speed 1460kgh-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%. After repeated use for 5 times, the maximum separation speed is 1440kg h-1m-2180min separation degree 99.9%.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of hydrophobic-oleophilic fiber: dispersing 1-20 parts of fibers in the liquid A, stirring and mixing uniformly at room temperature, filtering, forming a fiber filter cake from filtered filter residues, then rolling, controlling the rolling residual rate to be between 100% and 400%, drying the fiber filter cake, and then carrying out heat treatment at 160-200 ℃ for 5-20 min to obtain hydrophobic-oleophilic fibers;
the liquid medicine A consists of an active substance A and a solvent A, the active substance A is polysiloxane or polyacrylate, the structure of the polysiloxane is shown as a formula A, and the structure of the polyacrylate is shown as a formula B:
Figure FDA0002724287750000011
wherein: in A, m + n is 1, m is more than 0, n is more than 0, x is more than 0, n/m is 2-16%, and x/n is 20-100%; in B, m + n + p is 1, m is greater than 0, nxp is greater than or equal to 0, and (n + p)/(m + n + p) is 2-16%;
(2) preparing demulsifying fibers: dispersing 5-20 parts of fibers in the liquid medicine B, stirring and mixing uniformly at room temperature, filtering, forming a fiber filter cake from filtered filter residues, then rolling, controlling the rolling residual rate to be between 100% and 400%, drying the fiber filter cake, and then carrying out heat treatment at 160-170 ℃ for 5-30 min to obtain emulsion breaking fibers;
the liquid medicine B consists of an active substance B and a solvent B, and the structure of the active substance B is shown as a formula C:
Figure FDA0002724287750000021
wherein: m + n + p is 1, m is more than 0, nxp is more than or equal to 0, and (n + p)/(m + n + p) is 2-16%;
(3) and (2) respectively enabling the hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers prepared in the step (1) and the demulsifying fibers prepared in the step (2) to form a disordered net through a cylinder, a disordered roller and a doffer of a carding machine, then laying the disordered net into a net, wherein the thickness ratio of the hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers to the demulsifying fibers is 1: 9-9: 1, and consolidating the hydrophobic-oleophylic fibers and the demulsifying fibers by adopting a needle punching method or a spunlacing method to obtain the non-woven fabric.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fibers in the steps (1) and (2) are selected from one of cotton fibers, hemp fibers, wood pulp fibers and chitin fibers.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the solvent A in step (1) is one or more selected from the group consisting of ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, toluene, xylene, ethyl acetate, and petroleum ether, and the solvent B in step (2) is one or more selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, tetrahydrofuran, toluene, xylene, and petroleum ether.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the polysiloxane of step (1) is prepared by the steps of: 8.55 parts by mass of polyvinyl silicone oil was dissolved in 40 parts by mass of a solvent A in N2Adding 0.80 to E2.20 parts by mass of mercaptopropyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane or mercaptopropylmethyl dimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, uniformly stirring, adding 0.018-0.18 part by mass of initiator A, and irradiating for 20-30 min by using an ultraviolet lamp at 365nm to obtain the polysiloxane.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the polyacrylate in step (1) is prepared by the steps of: with 3- [ tris (trimethylsiloxy) silyl methacrylate]Propyl ester is a hydrophobic-lipophilic active monomer, more than one of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (methacryloyloxy) propylmethyldimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (acryloyloxy) propyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (acryloyloxy) propylmethyldimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane and glycidyl (meth) acrylate is taken as a crosslinking monomer, 18.77-19.30 parts by mass of the hydrophobic-lipophilic active monomer and 0.70-1.23 parts by mass of the crosslinking monomer are dissolved in 80 parts by mass of solvent A, and N is2And (3) under the atmosphere, uniformly stirring, adding 0.1-0.4 part by mass of initiator B, and reacting at the temperature of 50-100 ℃ for 10-24 hours to obtain the polyacrylate.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the polyacrylate in step (2) is prepared by the steps of: taking dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate as a demulsification active monomer, taking one or two of 3- (methacryloyloxy) propyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (methacryloyloxy) propylmethyldimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (acryloyloxy) propyltrimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane, 3- (acryloyloxy) propylmethyldimethyl (ethyl) oxysilane and glycidyl (meth) acrylate as a crosslinking monomer, dissolving 5-18.43 parts by mass of the demulsification active monomer and 0.20-1.83 parts by mass of the crosslinking monomer in 80 parts by mass of a solvent A, and dissolving the solvent A in N2And (2) under the atmosphere, uniformly stirring, adding 0.3-1.6 parts by mass of initiator C, and reacting at the temperature of 50-100 ℃ for 10-24 hours to obtain the polyacrylate.
7. According to a claim1-6, the gram weight of the non-woven fabric is 30-150 g/m2。
8. Use of a nonwoven fabric according to claim 7.
9. Use of a nonwoven fabric according to claim 8, wherein the nonwoven fabric is used for oil and water emulsion separation.
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