CN111270423B - Preparation method of non-woven fabric filter material - Google Patents
Preparation method of non-woven fabric filter material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111270423B CN111270423B CN202010138189.6A CN202010138189A CN111270423B CN 111270423 B CN111270423 B CN 111270423B CN 202010138189 A CN202010138189 A CN 202010138189A CN 111270423 B CN111270423 B CN 111270423B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
- D04H3/007—Addition polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/28—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like while mixing different spinning solutions or melts during the spinning operation; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/30—Conjugate filaments; Spinnerette packs therefor
- D01D5/34—Core-skin structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
- D06M13/148—Polyalcohols, e.g. glycerol or glucose
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/13—Alginic acid or derivatives thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/18—Synthetic fibres consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/20—Polyalkenes, polymers or copolymers of compounds with alkenyl groups bonded to aromatic groups
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D10B2321/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins
- D10B2321/022—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polyolefins polypropylene
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a non-woven fabric filter material, which comprises the steps of preparing reinforced master batches, carrying out melt spinning and carrying out biological glue treatment; the preparation method of the reinforced master batch comprises the following steps of grinding polypropylene powder, nano-scale hard titanium carbide, isopropyl triisostearate, sodium-doped zinc oxide and pentaerythritol, wherein the reinforced master batch comprises the following raw materials: 45-60 parts of polypropylene powder, 5-8 parts of nano-scale hard titanium carbide, 1-3 parts of isopropyl triisostearate, 5-10 parts of sodium-doped zinc oxide and 10-16 parts of pentaerythritol, adopting the reinforced master batch of the polypropylene to melt and spin with polyethylene slices, and carrying out biogel treatment on fibers. The basis weight of the non-woven fabric filter material obtained by the process is 25.5-30.3g/m2, the longitudinal breaking strength is 39.0-42.5MPa, the transverse breaking strength is 39.8-42.5MPa, the peel strength reaches 28.3-32.8cN/cm, and the filter material has excellent mechanical properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of filtration, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a non-woven fabric filter material.
Background
With the rapid development of industrial production, urban environments are increasingly polluted from various aspects, bodies of residents living in cities are damaged by air pollution and water pollution, in recent years, the air pollution is serious, and air haze covers one city and the fine dust particles (0.001-1.000 micrometers) which cannot be seen by naked eyes basically float in the air, so that various diseases such as eye diseases, lung diseases, respiratory diseases, liver diseases and the like are caused.
Various filter materials and filter screens appear in the market at present, the filter screens generally have the problems of poor adsorption capacity, short service time, poor filter effect and possibility of bringing secondary pollution, and the demand of the filter materials is rapidly increased in recent years.
The filtration performance of the filtration material is an important characteristic for popularization and application, and the invention patent CN106906692A provides a wet-laid liquid filtration material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the filtration precision of the material is improved to 1 mu m by a composite material wet-laid consisting of synthetic fibers, pulp and ES fibers in combination with a spunlace process, the air permeability reaches 50L/(m 2. s), and the porosity of the material is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art and further optimize the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a non-woven fabric filter material, so as to achieve the purposes of improving the mechanical strength of the material and improving the porosity.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a non-woven fabric filter material comprises the steps of preparing reinforced master batches, melt spinning, biogel treatment, hot rolling forming and needling reinforcement;
the preparation of the enhanced master batch comprises the steps of grinding polypropylene powder, nano-scale hard titanium carbide, isopropyl triisostearate, sodium-doped zinc oxide and pentaerythritol, wherein the rotating speed of a ball mill is 600-140 r/min, and the grinding time is 120-150 min;
the reinforced master batch comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of polypropylene powder, 5-8 parts of nano-scale hard titanium carbide, 1-3 parts of isopropyl triisostearate, 5-10 parts of sodium-doped zinc oxide, 10-16 parts of pentaerythritol and the balance of water;
the nano-scale hard titanium carbide has the average particle size of 40-80nm and the specific surface area of 65-70m2/g；
The sodium-doped zinc oxide, wherein the molar ratio of sodium doping is 0.8-2.3%;
the polypropylene powder has 85-96% of isotacticity and 0.8-1.1g/10min of melt flow rate under the condition of 230 ℃/2.16 kg;
treating the biogel at 55-65% for 30-60min, wherein the biogel is prepared by dissolving glucan solid with absolute ethyl alcohol, adding sodium alginate and xanthan gum for reaction, the reaction temperature is 70-78 ℃, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 1.5-2 h;
the mass ratio of the biological glue, the glucan, the sodium alginate and the xanthan gum is 5-9: 0.2-0.5: 1; the mass concentration of the prepared biological glue solution is 12-16%;
the biogel treatment also comprises drying, and the content of absolute ethyl alcohol in the dried fiber bundle is 1-6%;
in the melt spinning, the melt temperature of a melting screw A is 145-165 ℃; the melt temperature of the melting screw B is 240-255 ℃; the pressure of a nozzle of a spinneret plate is 3.2-4.5 kg/cm2The temperature of the die head is controlled at 185-190 ℃; the monofilament fineness of the prepared sheath-core layer fiber is 8-12 dpf;
in the melt spinning, the mixing mass ratio of the skin layer to the core layer is 1-1.2: 1;
the hot rolling forming is carried out, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 240-;
the needling is reinforced, the needling stroke of the needling machine is 40-60mm, the needle distribution density is 3000-4000 pieces/m, the needling frequency is 500-600 times/min, and the speed of the needle-punched fiber web is 1.5-2.0 m/min.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the quantitative of the filter material prepared by the invention is 25.5-30.3g/m2, the longitudinal breaking strength is 39.0-42.5MPa, and the transverse breaking strength is 39.8-45.5 MPa; elongation at break of 82.2-85.3%; the peel strength reaches 28.3-32.8cN/cm, and the mechanical property of the material is excellent;
2. the average porosity of the filter material prepared by the invention can reach 86.2-89.5%, and the air permeability can reach 373-392 mm/s.
3. The filter material prepared by the invention has the advantages that the interception precision of particles in liquid and air is improved, the filter precision reaches 0.5-1.2nm, the filter efficiency reaches 96.9-98.5%, and the filter effect is good.
4. The filter material prepared by the invention has the pollutant carrying capacity of 13.2-16.3 mg/cm2The material has better dirt holding capacity.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples.
EXAMPLE 1 preparation of a nonwoven Filter Material
The preparation method of the non-woven fabric filter material comprises the following steps:
preparing reinforced mother particles
Weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding polypropylene powder, nano-scale hard titanium carbide, isopropyl triisostearate, sodium-doped zinc oxide and pentaerythritol into a ball mill for grinding, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 600r/min, and the grinding lasts 150min to obtain reinforced master batches;
the reinforced master batch comprises the following raw materials: 45 parts of polypropylene powder, 5 parts of nano-scale hard titanium carbide, 1 part of isopropyl triisostearate, 5 parts of sodium-doped zinc oxide, 10 parts of pentaerythritol and the balance of water;
the isotacticity of the polypropylene powder is 85.0 percent, and the melt flow rate is 0.8g/10min under the condition of 230 ℃/2.16 kg;
the nano-scale hard titanium carbide has the average particle size of 46-50nm and the specific surface area of 68-70m2/g；
The sodium-doped zinc oxide, wherein the molar ratio of sodium doping is 1.3%;
② melt spinning
Adding polyethylene slices into a melting screw A to serve as a skin layer, adding reinforced master batches into a melting screw B to serve as a core layer, and respectively metering the skin layer and the core layer by a metering pump according to a mass ratio of 1: 1, adding the mixture into a composite spinning machine assembly, compounding the mixture in the composite spinning assembly, and then spraying the mixture through a spinneret plate to form a circular skin-core layer structure;
the melt temperature of the melting screw A is 145 ℃; the melt temperature of the melting screw B is 240 ℃;
the pressure of the nozzle of the spinneret plate is 3.2 kg/cm2The temperature of the die head is controlled at 185 ℃;
the sheath-core layer fiber, single filament number: 8 dpf.
Processing the biological glue:
treating the fiber bundle in a biological glue solution at 65 ℃ for 30min, and then drying the fiber bundle in a hot air drying bin at 65 ℃ until the absolute ethyl alcohol content of the fiber bundle is 6.2%;
the biological glue solution is prepared by dissolving glucan solid with absolute ethyl alcohol, adding sodium alginate and xanthan gum for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 70 ℃, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 1.5 hours;
the mass ratio of the glucan to the sodium alginate to the xanthan gum in the biological gum solution is 5.5: 0.2: 1; the mass concentration of the biological glue solution is 12.5 percent;
fourthly, hot rolling and forming:
and hot rolling by a hot rolling mill to obtain the fiber mesh cloth, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 240 ℃, the hot rolling pressure is 0.3MPa, and the hot rolling speed is 2.5 m/min.
Fifthly, needling reinforcement:
feeding the fiber web cloth into a needling area for needling reinforcement, wherein when a needle plate moves downwards, a needle penetrates into the fiber web, and the fiber web is tightly close to a screen supporting plate; when the needle plate moves upwards, the friction between the fiber web and the felting needles enables the fiber web and the felting needles to move upwards together, the fiber web is tightly close to the stripping plate, the feeding speed and the output speed are matched, the continuous movement is realized, and the filtering material is obtained after the needle punching;
the needling stroke of the needle machine is 40mm, the cloth needle density is 3000 pieces/m, the needling frequency is 500 times/min, and the speed of the needle-punched fiber web is 1.5 m/min.
Performance tests were performed on the nonwoven filter material prepared using the method of example 1 and the results show that: the quantitative ratio of the material is 25.5 g/m2, the longitudinal breaking strength is 39.0MPa, and the transverse breaking strength is 39.8 MPa; elongation at break 85.3%; the peel strength reaches 28.3cN/cm, and the mechanical property of the material is excellent; in addition, the average porosity of the filter material is 86.2%, the air permeability reaches 373mm/s, the filter precision is 1.2nm, the filter efficiency reaches 96.9%, and the pollutant carrying capacity of the material reaches 13.2mg/cm2。
EXAMPLE 2 preparation of a nonwoven Filter Material
The preparation method of the non-woven fabric filter material comprises the following steps:
preparing reinforced mother particles
Weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding polypropylene powder, nano-scale hard titanium carbide, isopropyl triisostearate, sodium-doped zinc oxide and pentaerythritol into a ball mill for grinding, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 600r/min, and the grinding time is 120min, so as to obtain reinforced master batches;
the reinforced master batch comprises the following raw materials: 50 parts of polypropylene powder, 5 parts of nano-scale hard titanium carbide, 2 parts of isopropyl triisostearate, 5 parts of sodium-doped zinc oxide, 12 parts of pentaerythritol and the balance of water;
the polypropylene powder has an isotacticity of 95.5 percent and a melt flow rate of 0.8g/10min at 230 ℃/2.16 kg;
the nano-scale hard titanium carbide has the average particle size of 40-45nm and the specific surface area of 69-70m2/g；
The sodium-doped zinc oxide, wherein the molar ratio of sodium doping is 0.8%;
② melt spinning
Adding polyethylene slices into a melting screw A to serve as a skin layer, adding reinforced master batches into a melting screw B to serve as a core layer, and enabling the skin layer and the core layer to be mixed according to a mass ratio of 1.1: 1, adding the mixture into a composite spinning machine assembly, compounding the mixture in the composite spinning assembly, and then spraying the mixture through a spinneret plate to form a circular skin-core layer structure;
the melt temperature of the melting screw A is 150 ℃; the melt temperature of the melting screw B is 240 ℃;
the pressure of the nozzle of the spinneret plate is 3.6 kg/cm2The temperature of the die head is controlled at 185 ℃;
the sheath-core layer fiber, single filament number: 8 dpf.
Processing the biological glue:
treating the fiber bundle in a biological glue solution at 55 ℃ for 60min, and then drying the fiber bundle in a 65 ℃ hot air drying chamber until the absolute ethyl alcohol content of the fiber bundle is 4.8%;
the biological glue solution is prepared by dissolving glucan solid with absolute ethyl alcohol, adding sodium alginate and xanthan gum for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 70 ℃, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 1.5 hours;
the mass ratio of the biological glue solution to the glucan to the sodium alginate to the xanthan gum is 7.0: 0.3: 1; the mass concentration of the biological glue solution is 12.2 percent;
fourthly, hot rolling and forming:
and hot rolling by a hot rolling mill to obtain the fiber mesh cloth, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 240 ℃, the hot rolling pressure is 0.3MPa, and the hot rolling speed is 2.5 m/min.
Fifthly, needling reinforcement:
feeding the fiber web cloth into a needling area for needling reinforcement, wherein when a needle plate moves downwards, a needle penetrates into the fiber web, and the fiber web is tightly close to a screen supporting plate; when the needle plate moves upwards, the friction between the fiber web and the felting needles enables the fiber web and the felting needles to move upwards together, the fiber web is tightly close to the stripping plate, the feeding speed and the output speed are matched, the continuous movement is realized, and the filtering material is obtained after the needle punching;
the needling stroke of the needle machine is 40mm, the cloth needle density is 3000 pieces/m, the needling frequency is 600 times/min, and the speed of the needle-punched fiber web is 2.0 m/min.
The nonwoven filter material prepared by the method of example 2 was subjected to performance testing, and the results show that: the quantitative ratio of the material is 27.8 g/m2, the longitudinal breaking strength is 41.2MPa, and the transverse breaking strength is 42.8 MPa; an elongation at break of85.0 percent; the peel strength reaches 29.5cN/cm, and the mechanical property of the material is excellent; in addition, the average porosity of the filter material is 87.0 percent, the air permeability reaches 382mm/s, the filter precision is 1.0nm, the filter efficiency reaches 97.2 percent, and the pollutant carrying capacity of the material reaches 14.5mg/cm2。
EXAMPLE 3 preparation of a nonwoven Filter Material
The preparation method of the non-woven fabric filter material comprises the following steps:
preparing reinforced mother particles
Weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding polypropylene powder, nano-scale hard titanium carbide, isopropyl triisostearate, sodium-doped zinc oxide and pentaerythritol into a ball mill for grinding, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 700r/min, and the grinding time is 120min, so as to obtain reinforced master batches;
the reinforced master batch comprises the following raw materials: 56 parts of polypropylene powder, 8 parts of nano-scale hard titanium carbide, 2 parts of isopropyl triisostearate, 8 parts of sodium-doped zinc oxide, 14 parts of pentaerythritol and the balance of water;
the polypropylene powder has an isotacticity of 88 percent and a melt flow rate of 1.1g/10min under the condition of 230 ℃/2.16 kg;
the nano-scale hard titanium carbide has the average particle size of 76-80nm and the specific surface area of 65-66m2/g；
The sodium-doped zinc oxide, wherein the molar ratio of sodium doping is 1.7%;
② melt spinning
Adding polyethylene slices into a melting screw A to serve as a skin layer, adding reinforced master batches into a melting screw B to serve as a core layer, and enabling the skin layer and the core layer to be mixed according to a mass ratio of 1.1: 1, adding the mixture into a composite spinning machine assembly, compounding the mixture in the composite spinning assembly, and then spraying the mixture through a spinneret plate to form a circular skin-core layer structure;
the melt temperature of the melting screw A is 150 ℃; the melt temperature of the melting screw B is 250 ℃;
the pressure of the nozzle of the spinneret plate is 4.2 kg/cm2The temperature of the die head is controlled at 190 ℃;
the sheath-core layer fiber, single filament number: 11 dpf.
Processing the biological glue:
treating the fiber bundle in a biological glue solution at 55 ℃ for 60min, and then drying the fiber bundle in a 65 ℃ hot air drying bin until the absolute ethyl alcohol content of the fiber bundle is 2.5%;
the biological glue solution is prepared by dissolving glucan solid with absolute ethyl alcohol, adding sodium alginate and xanthan gum for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 78 ℃, and carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1.5 hours;
the mass ratio of the biological glue solution to the glucan to the sodium alginate to the xanthan gum is 8.3: 0.5: 1; the mass concentration of the biological glue solution is 15.5 percent;
fourthly, hot rolling and forming:
and hot rolling by a hot rolling mill to obtain the fiber mesh cloth, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 250 ℃, the hot rolling pressure is 0.2MPa, and the hot rolling speed is 3.0 m/min.
Fifthly, needling reinforcement:
feeding the fiber web cloth into a needling area for needling reinforcement, wherein when a needle plate moves downwards, a needle penetrates into the fiber web, and the fiber web is tightly close to a screen supporting plate; when the needle plate moves upwards, the friction between the fiber web and the felting needles enables the fiber web and the felting needles to move upwards together, the fiber web is close to the screen stripping plate, the feeding speed and the output speed are matched to realize continuous movement, and the filtering material is obtained after needling;
the needling stroke of the needle machine is 60mm, the cloth needle density is 3000 pieces/m, the needling frequency is 500 times/min, and the speed of the needle-punched fiber web is 1.5 m/min.
Performance tests were performed on the nonwoven filter material prepared using the method of example 3 and the results show that: the quantitative ratio of the material is 30.3g/m2, the longitudinal breaking strength is 42.5MPa, and the transverse breaking strength is 44.8 MPa; elongation at break was 83.3%; the peel strength reaches 31.6cN/cm, and the mechanical property of the material is excellent; in addition, the average porosity of the filter material is 88.2%, the air permeability reaches 388mm/s, the filter precision is 0.8nm, the filter efficiency reaches 98.1%, and the pollutant carrying capacity of the material reaches 15.1mg/cm2。
EXAMPLE 4 preparation of a nonwoven Filter Material
The preparation method of the non-woven fabric filter material comprises the following steps:
preparing reinforced mother particles
Weighing the raw materials according to the weight, adding polypropylene powder, nano-scale hard titanium carbide, isopropyl triisostearate, sodium-doped zinc oxide and pentaerythritol into a ball mill for grinding, wherein the rotating speed of the ball mill is 700r/min, and grinding for 140min to obtain reinforced master batches;
the reinforced master batch comprises the following raw materials: 60 parts of polypropylene powder, 8 parts of nano-scale hard titanium carbide, 3 parts of isopropyl triisostearate, 10 parts of sodium-doped zinc oxide, 16 parts of pentaerythritol and the balance of water;
the polypropylene powder has an isotacticity of 96.5 percent and a melt flow rate of 1.1g/10min under the conditions of 230 ℃/2.16 kg;
the nano-scale hard titanium carbide has the average particle size of 55-60nm and the specific surface area of 65-66m2/g；
The sodium-doped zinc oxide, wherein the molar ratio of sodium doping is 2.3%;
② melt spinning
Adding polyethylene slices into a melting screw A to serve as a skin layer, adding the reinforced master batch into a melting screw B to serve as a core layer, and mixing the skin layer and the core layer by respective metering pumps according to a mass ratio of 1.2:1, adding the mixture into a composite spinning machine component, compounding the mixture in the composite spinning component, and then spraying the mixture through a spinneret plate to form a discoid skin-core layer structure;
the melt temperature of the melting screw A is 165 ℃; the melt temperature of the melting screw B is 255 ℃;
the pressure of the nozzle of the spinneret plate is 4.5 kg/cm2The temperature of the die head is controlled at 190 ℃;
the sheath-core layer fiber, single filament number: 12 dpf.
Processing the biological glue:
treating the fiber bundle in a biological glue solution at 60 ℃ for 50min, and then drying the fiber bundle in a 65 ℃ hot air drying chamber until the absolute ethyl alcohol content of the fiber bundle is 1.5%;
the biological glue solution is prepared by dissolving glucan solid with absolute ethyl alcohol, adding sodium alginate and xanthan gum for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 78 ℃, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 1.5 hours;
the mass ratio of the glucan to the sodium alginate to the xanthan gum in the biogel solution is 8.8: 0.5: 1; the mass concentration of the biological glue solution is 15.8%;
fourthly, hot rolling and forming:
and hot rolling by a hot rolling mill to obtain the fiber mesh cloth, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 250 ℃, the hot rolling pressure is 0.2MPa, and the hot rolling speed is 3.2 m/min.
Fifthly, needling reinforcement:
feeding the fiber web cloth into a needling area for needling reinforcement, wherein when a needle plate moves downwards, a needle penetrates into the fiber web, and the fiber web is tightly close to a screen supporting plate; when the needle plate moves upwards, the friction between the fiber web and the felting needles enables the fiber web and the felting needles to move upwards together, the fiber web is tightly close to the stripping plate, the feeding speed and the output speed are matched, the continuous movement is realized, and the filtering material is obtained after the needle punching;
the needling stroke of the needle machine is 50mm, the cloth needle density is 4000 pieces/m, the needling frequency is 550 times/min, and the speed of the needle-punched fiber web is 2.0 m/min.
Performance tests were performed on the nonwoven filter material prepared using the method of example 4 and the results show that: the material ration is 28.1 g/m2, the longitudinal breaking strength is 42.3MPa, and the transverse breaking strength is 45.5 MPa; elongation at break of 82.2%; the peel strength reaches 32.8cN/cm, and the mechanical property of the material is excellent; in addition, the average porosity of the filter material is 89.5%, the air permeability reaches 392mm/s, the filter precision is 0.5nm, the filter efficiency reaches 98.5%, and the pollutant carrying capacity of the material reaches 16.3mg/cm2。
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a non-woven fabric filter material is characterized by comprising the steps of preparing reinforced master batches, carrying out melt spinning and carrying out biological glue treatment;
the preparation method of the reinforced master batch comprises the following steps of grinding polypropylene powder, nano-scale hard titanium carbide, isopropyl triisostearate, sodium-doped zinc oxide and pentaerythritol, wherein the rotation speed of a ball mill is 600-plus-700 r/min, and the grinding time is 120-plus-150 min, and the reinforced master batch comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45-60 parts of polypropylene powder, 5-8 parts of nano-scale hard titanium carbide, 1-3 parts of isopropyl triisostearate, 5-10 parts of sodium-doped zinc oxide, 10-16 parts of pentaerythritol and the balance of water;
the nano-scale hard titanium carbide has the average particle size of 40-80nm and the specific surface area of 65-70m2/g；
The sodium-doped zinc oxide, wherein the molar ratio of sodium doping is 0.8-2.3%;
the polypropylene powder has 85-96% of isotacticity and 0.8-1.1g/10min of melt flow rate under the condition of 230 ℃/2.16 kg;
the melt spinning comprises the following steps: adding polyethylene slices into a melting screw A to be used as a skin layer, and adding the reinforced master batch into a melting screw B to be used as a core layer;
treating the biological glue at 55-65 ℃ for 30-60 min;
the biological glue is prepared by dissolving glucan solid with absolute ethyl alcohol, adding sodium alginate and xanthan gum for reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 70-78 ℃, and keeping the temperature for reaction for 1.5-2 hours;
the mass ratio of the biological gum to the glucan to the sodium alginate to the xanthan gum is 5-9: 0.2-0.5: 1; the mass concentration of the prepared biological glue solution is 12-16%;
the biogel treatment also comprises drying, and the content of absolute ethyl alcohol in the dried fiber bundle is 1-6%.
2. The method for preparing a non-woven fabric filter material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the melt spinning is carried out, and the melt temperature of a melting screw A is 145-165 ℃; the melt temperature of the melting screw B is 240-255 ℃; spinneret plate nozzle pressureThe force is 3.2-4.5 kg/cm2The temperature of the die head is controlled at 185-190 ℃; the monofilament fineness of the prepared sheath-core layer fiber is 8-12 dpf.
3. The method for preparing a non-woven fabric filter material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the melt-spun, skin layer and core layer are mixed in a mass ratio of 1-1.2: 1.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising hot rolling at a temperature of 240-250 deg.C under a pressure of 0.2-0.3MPa at a speed of 2.5-3.2 m/min.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, further comprising needling reinforcement, wherein the needling stroke of the needling machine is 40-60mm, the needle density is 3000-4000/m, the needling frequency is 500-600 times/min, and the speed of the needled web is 1.5-2.0 m/min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the nonwoven filter material is prepared in a basis weight of 25.5 to 30.3g/m2The longitudinal breaking strength is 39.0-42.5MPa, and the transverse breaking strength is 39.8-45.5 MPa; the average porosity can reach 86.2-89.5%.
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