CN109121522B - Livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle rice field storage utilization method and management system - Google Patents
Livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle rice field storage utilization method and management system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a livestock biogas slurry winter idle rice field storage and utilization method and a management system. The livestock and poultry biogas slurry is stored and utilized in the idle paddy field in winter, so that the contradiction between the continuous generation of the biogas slurry and the periodic fertilizer requirement of crops can be thoroughly solved, the difficulty in utilizing the biogas slurry in the farmland can be reduced, and the enthusiasm of farmers for using the biogas slurry is improved; the management system provided by the invention can play the technical advantages of the agricultural technology popularization department, break the information isolation among farmers, livestock and poultry farms, biogas slurry delivery companies and crop growth information, carry out comprehensive unified cooperative management on biogas slurry farmland utilization, enable the advantages of biogas slurry farmland utilization to obtain the best effect and realize the development of a planting and breeding coupled ecological cycle agricultural mode in a region. Promoting the marketization popularization and application of biogas slurry farmland utilization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment and resource utilization, in particular to a livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle paddy field storage utilization method and a management system.
Background
The livestock and poultry biogas slurry farmland utilization is an effective biogas slurry treatment mode, but the biogas slurry farmland utilization has the contradiction between the continuous generation of biogas slurry and the periodic fertilizer requirement of crops, particularly in winter, most of rice is directly in an idle and abandoned state after being harvested, the fertilizer requirement of crops in winter planted in a small part of rice fields is less, and a large amount of liquid storage tanks are required to be built in livestock and poultry farms to solve the storage problem of biogas slurry. In addition, as biogas slurry in different biogas projects and at different times has obvious difference in nutrient content, the biogas slurry farmland is often used due to improper fertilizing amount, so that crop is lack of fertilizer or nutrients are excessive, and the enthusiasm of farmers for using the biogas slurry is influenced. Finally, livestock and poultry farm, biogas slurry delivery company, peasant household are in the limited information isolated island state of intercommunication each other between the three, and the demand of peasant household and biogas slurry use information, the demand of biogas slurry delivery company, the demand of livestock and poultry farm and product supply information lack a kind of inseparable management system, lead to whole biogas slurry farmland to utilize and can't obtain the optimal result of use, also influenced the popularization and application that the biogas slurry farmland utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle rice field storage and utilization method and a management system, the livestock and poultry biogas slurry is stored and utilized in the winter idle rice field, the contradiction between the continuous generation of biogas slurry and the periodic fertilizer requirement of crops can be thoroughly solved, the difficulty of biogas slurry farmland utilization can be reduced, and the positivity of biogas slurry used by farmers is improved; the management system provided by the invention breaks through information isolation among farmers, livestock and poultry farms, biogas slurry delivery companies and crop growth information, exerts technical guidance and information communication advantages of agricultural technology popularization departments, performs comprehensive and unified cooperative management on biogas slurry farmland utilization, enables the advantages of biogas slurry farmland utilization to obtain the best effect, and promotes marketization popularization and application of biogas slurry farmland utilization.
The first purpose of the invention is to provide a livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle rice field storage and utilization method, the method directly stores or irrigates biogas slurry produced in a biogas digester in a winter idle rice field after rice is harvested, and the biogas slurry in the rice field is repeatedly stored or irrigated until rice is planted in the next spring after the rice field is dried.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the biogas slurry is the biogas slurry in the biogas digester which normally produces more than three months of gas, and the content of biogas residues is lower than 10%.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the biogas slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.3% of ammonium nitrogen and 0.05-0.3% of P2O50.05-0.2% of K2 O。
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a rice field, and selecting a leisure rice field after harvesting rice;
step 2, pre-treating the rice field, keeping the soil of the rice field moist without cracks, and taking the leisure rice field as a biogas slurry storage pool in winter;
step 3, sampling and analyzing the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry pool, and determining the content of ammonium nitrogen in the biogas slurry pool;
step 4, determining irrigation quantity, irrigation height and irrigation times according to the ammonium nitrogen content of the biogas slurry in the step 3, and arranging a height display device in the leisure rice field;
step 5, irrigating clear water for the first time, wherein the thin layer of clear water is irrigated in the rice field, and the irrigation height of the clear water is 5-10 cm;
step 6, carrying out primary biogas slurry irrigation, and conveying biogas slurry from a biogas slurry pool to an idle rice field by using a pipeline or a transport vehicle;
step 7, storing until the biogas slurry in the leisure rice field is dried; if the whitening or cracking of the leisure rice field exists, the step 8 is carried out, and if the whitening or cracking of the leisure rice field does not exist, the step 9 is directly carried out;
step 8, irrigating clear water for the second time, wherein the thin layer of clear water is irrigated in the rice field, and the irrigation height of the clear water is 5-10 cm;
step 9, carrying out secondary biogas slurry irrigation, and conveying biogas slurry from a biogas slurry pool to an idle rice field by using a pipeline or a transport vehicle;
step 10, repeating the steps 4 to 9;
step 11, airing;
step 12, ploughing, wherein the ploughing depth is 4-5cm, and ventilating for 4-5 days;
and step 13, soaking in water and transplanting rice seedlings.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: and 4, arranging a height display device which is a bamboo chip with scales, wherein the number of the bamboo chips is 5, and the bamboo chips are inserted into the leisure rice field in a quincuncial shape.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the specific irrigation steps of the step 6 and the step 9 are as follows: the first half of biogas slurry irrigation volume begins irrigation from the edge of the ridge, and the second half of biogas slurry begins irrigation from the center of the leisure rice field during irrigation.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the storage time of step 7 is more than 15 days.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the total time of the steps 11 to 12 is more than 30 days.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: and a soil sampling and analyzing process is further arranged between the step 12 and the step 13, and a rice planting scheme in the step 13 is formulated according to a soil nutrient analysis result.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle paddy field storage and utilization management system, which comprises an agriculture and technology promotion department terminal, a biogas slurry production management terminal, a biogas slurry delivery company terminal and a farmer terminal which are wirelessly connected through a data communication device;
the agricultural technology popularization department terminal comprises an agricultural technology popularization department computer or a mobile phone, biogas slurry nutrient analysis equipment and soil nutrient analysis equipment; a rice soil testing and distribution scheme database. And the agricultural technology popularization department terminal is responsible for coordinating the biogas slurry production management terminal and the farmer terminal, providing biogas slurry and soil nutrient detection results, and formulating and providing a recommended biogas slurry irrigation scheme and a rice fertilization scheme through scientific research institutes.
The biogas slurry production management terminal comprises a biogas slurry tank or a biogas slurry tank, an enterprise computer, an enterprise mobile phone, an enterprise database and a biogas slurry production enterprise database;
the biogas slurry delivery company terminal comprises a tank truck or a pipeline and a mobile phone of a transport company manager.
The farmer terminal comprises a paddy field manager computer or a mobile phone, an idle farmland and a measuring device; the measuring device comprises a water level gauge.
Data communication device, which includes internet or mobile communication network.
In specific implementation, the management system comprises the following operation steps:
step 1, an agricultural technology popularization department terminal investigates information of farmers with idle rice fields, and is connected with a biogas slurry production management terminal; providing biogas slurry detection service, and making a biogas slurry irrigation scheme;
and 2, butting the terminal scheme of the agricultural technology popularization department of the biogas slurry production management terminal with the farmer terminal, determining the biogas slurry conveying date and informing a biogas slurry conveying company of the terminal.
And 3, irrigating clear water by farmers in advance.
And 4, conveying the biogas slurry to farmers by the biogas slurry conveying company terminal, and storing the biogas slurry in an idle rice field.
And 5, dispatching a person to an idle rice field by an agricultural technology popularization department, sampling, bringing back and analyzing, measuring the content of the available nutrients in the soil, proposing a rice fertilization scheme, and sending the rice fertilization scheme to a farmer terminal.
And 5, planting the rice by the farmers according to the rice fertilization scheme provided by the agricultural technology popularization department terminal.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method utilizes the winter idle rice field to store and utilize the livestock and poultry biogas slurry, and utilizes the idle rice field as the winter biogas slurry storage pool, thereby solving the problem of storing the biogas slurry in the livestock and poultry farm in winter, reducing the difficulty of biogas slurry farmland utilization, and being beneficial to the application and popularization of biogas slurry farmland utilization.
2. The method can exert the advantages of good seepage-proofing effect and large soil buffering capacity of the paddy field soil plough base, and stores nutrients of the biogas slurry in the soil for later-season rice cultivation and absorption.
3. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the nutrients are stored in the soil before the growth of the crops, the concentrated application amount of the biogas slurry in the growth period of the crops is reduced, the defect of large variation of nutrients in the biogas slurry is avoided, and the crops can grow more stably, normally and naturally.
4. According to the method, the irrigation amount is determined according to the ammonium nitrogen content of the biogas slurry, ammonia volatilization after biogas slurry irrigation is reduced, soil is sampled and analyzed before the paddy field in the later season is soaked in water, a fertilizer distribution scheme during the growth period of paddy rice is formulated according to the nutrient content of the soil, and a fertilizer application scheme in the subsequent crop growth period is determined according to the fertilizer distribution scheme, so that the crop is prevented from being lack of fertilizer or excessive nutrients in the growth process of the crops, the biogas slurry application of the crops achieves the optimal utilization effect, the use amount of the fertilizer is reduced, and soil hardening is prevented.
5. The management system of the invention can bring the technical advantages of the agricultural technology popularization department into play, link loose farmers with large planting personality difference, livestock and poultry farms producing biogas slurry in a centralized way and biogas slurry conveying companies conveying biogas slurry in an intermittent way, and realize the coupling and matching of planting and breeding in areas to the maximum extent through the management system.
6. The management system of the invention makes full use of the existing nutrient and biogas slurry analysis equipment and soil testing formula fertilization database of the agricultural technology popularization department, provides complete and optimal planting data and biogas slurry use schemes for farmers, and reduces the conflict psychology and use difficulty of the farmers in using biogas slurry.
7. According to the management system, the whole management system can complete information conveying and management only by using a mobile phone by farmers, and the utilization, development and popularization efficiency of biogas slurry farmlands is greatly reduced.
8. The management system can enable farmers to directly interface with biogas slurry production enterprises, and the quantity of the demands of the farmers and the type and proportion of the biogas slurry are more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the management system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a connection diagram of the management system in fig. 1.
FIG. 3 is another management system connection diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A method for storing and utilizing livestock biogas slurry in an idle paddy field in winter is characterized in that biogas slurry produced in a biogas digester is directly stored or irrigated in the idle paddy field in winter after paddy rice is harvested, and the biogas slurry in the paddy field is repeatedly stored or irrigated until paddy rice is planted in spring of the next year after the biogas slurry is dried.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the biogas slurry is the biogas slurry in the biogas digester which normally produces more than three months of gas, and the content of biogas residues is lower than 10%.
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the biogas slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.3% of ammonium nitrogen and 0.05-0.3% of P2O50.05-0.2% of K2 O。
The method provided by the invention is further provided as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a rice field, and selecting a leisure rice field after harvesting rice;
step 2, pre-treating the rice field, keeping the soil of the rice field moist without cracks, and taking the leisure rice field as a biogas slurry storage pool in winter;
step 3, sampling and analyzing the biogas slurry in the biogas slurry pool, and determining the content of ammonium nitrogen in the biogas slurry pool;
step 4, determining irrigation quantity, irrigation height and irrigation times according to the ammonium nitrogen content of the biogas slurry in the step 3, and arranging a height display device in the leisure rice field;
step 5, irrigating clear water for the first time, wherein the thin layer of clear water is irrigated in the rice field, and the irrigation height of the clear water is 5-10 cm;
step 6, carrying out primary biogas slurry irrigation, and conveying biogas slurry from a biogas slurry pool to an idle rice field by using a pipeline or a transport vehicle;
step 7, storing until the biogas slurry in the leisure rice field is dried; if the whitening or cracking of the leisure rice field exists, the step 8 is carried out, and if the whitening or cracking of the leisure rice field does not exist, the step 9 is directly carried out;
step 8, irrigating clear water for the second time, wherein the thin layer of clear water is irrigated in the rice field, and the irrigation height of the clear water is 5-10 cm;
step 9, carrying out secondary biogas slurry irrigation, and conveying biogas slurry from a biogas slurry pool to an idle rice field by using a pipeline or a transport vehicle;
step 10, repeating the steps 4 to 9;
step 11, airing;
step 12, ploughing, wherein the ploughing depth is 4-5cm, and ventilating for 4-5 days;
and step 13, soaking in water and transplanting rice seedlings.
In this embodiment, the height display device set in step 4 is a graduated bamboo strip, the number of the bamboo strips is 5, and the bamboo strips are inserted into the leisure rice field in a quincuncial shape.
In this embodiment, the specific irrigation steps of step 6 and step 9 are: the first half of biogas slurry irrigation volume begins irrigation from the edge of the ridge, and the second half of biogas slurry begins irrigation from the center of the leisure rice field during irrigation.
In this example, the storage time of step 7 is more than 15 days.
In this embodiment, the total time of step 11 to step 12 is greater than 30 days.
In this embodiment, a soil sampling analysis process is further provided between the step 12 and the step 13, and a rice planting scheme in the step 13 is formulated according to a soil nutrient analysis result.
Example 2
With reference to embodiment 1, biogas slurry with a good biogas project operation is selected, the content of ammonium nitrogen in the biogas slurry is measured to be 1563mg/L, according to the standard that the ammonium nitrogen load of the rice field does not exceed 150 kg/667m, the irrigation amount of the biogas slurry in the rice field is calculated to be 96 tons, and if the irrigation amount is 66.7 tons when the 667m rice field is irrigated by 10cm in depth, the irrigateable depth of the biogas slurry with the concentration is 14.4 cm, the total irrigation time is 2 times, the first irrigation depth is 10cm, and the second irrigation depth is about 4-5 cm. Selecting an idle rice field, irrigating thin-layer water, and sealing the drain holes of the rice field in advance. After 24 hours, the biogas slurry is transported to the paddy field for irrigation by adopting a tank truck. Before irrigation, 5 bamboo sticks are inserted into the middle and the periphery of the rice field, and a 10 cm-depth mark is painted with red paint in advance. In order to ensure the uniformity of irrigation, the common biogas slurry starts to irrigate from the edge of a ridge, a leather hose is pulled to the middle of a rice field when the other half of the biogas slurry irrigates the other half of the area of the rice field, after the biogas slurry naturally falls dry, the second biogas slurry irrigation is carried out after 4-5 days, if the rice field has no whitening cracks during irrigation, clear water can not be irrigated, the biogas slurry irrigation depth is 4-5cm, and other operations are the same as the first operation. A soil sample is taken before biogas slurry irrigation to measure the nutrient content, the total nitrogen content of the soil is 0.236%, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 121 mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 19.8 mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium content is 83.1 mg/kg. And taking a paddy field soil sample again 15 days before transplanting, and measuring that the total nitrogen content of the soil is 0.265 percent, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 316 mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 12.5 mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium content is 281.01 mg/kg.
Example 3
With reference to embodiment 1, selecting biogas slurry with a good biogas project operation, determining the content of ammonium nitrogen in the biogas slurry to be 800 mg/kg, calculating the irrigation amount of the biogas slurry in the rice field to be 300 tons according to the standard that the load of ammonium nitrogen in the rice field does not exceed 150 kg/667m, and calculating the irrigation amount of the biogas slurry in the rice field to be 66.7 tons when the 667m of rice field is irrigated by 10cm in depth, so that the irrigateable depth of the biogas slurry with the concentration is 28 cm, 3 times of total irrigation, the first irrigation depth and the second irrigation depth are 10cm, and the third irrigation depth is about 8 cm. And (4) selecting an idle rice field, irrigating thin-layer water, and closing a rice field water outlet in advance. After 24 hours, the biogas slurry is transported to the paddy field for irrigation by adopting a tank truck. Before irrigation, 5 bamboo sticks are inserted into the middle and the periphery of the rice field, and a 10 cm-depth mark is painted with red paint in advance. In order to ensure the uniformity of irrigation, the common biogas slurry starts to irrigate from the edge of a ridge, a leather hose is pulled to the middle of a rice field when the common biogas slurry irrigates, the other half area of the rice field is irrigated, after the biogas slurry naturally falls dry, the second and third biogas slurry irrigation is carried out after 4-5 days, if the rice field has no whitish cracks during irrigation, clear water can not be irrigated, the irrigation depth of the biogas slurry is 4-5cm, other operations are carried out for the same time, a soil sample is taken before the biogas slurry irrigation to measure the nutrient content, the total nitrogen of the soil is 0.21%, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 204.3 mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 18.54 mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium content is 414 mg/kg. And taking a paddy field soil sample again 15 days before transplanting, and measuring that the total nitrogen content of the soil is 0.24%, the alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen content is 226.4 mg/kg, the quick-acting phosphorus content is 15.12 mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium content is 556 mg/kg.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a second object of the present invention is to provide a livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle paddy field storage and utilization management system, which comprises an agriculture and technology promotion department terminal, a biogas slurry production management terminal, a biogas slurry transportation company terminal, and a farmer terminal, which are wirelessly connected by a data communication device;
the agricultural technology popularization department terminal comprises an agricultural technology popularization department computer or a mobile phone, biogas slurry nutrient analysis equipment and soil nutrient analysis equipment; a rice soil testing and distribution scheme database. And the agricultural technology popularization department terminal is responsible for coordinating the biogas slurry production management terminal and the farmer terminal, providing biogas slurry and soil nutrient detection results, and formulating and providing a recommended biogas slurry irrigation scheme and a rice fertilization scheme through scientific research institutes. The agricultural technology popularization department terminal is used as a main department for implementing the whole method, and simultaneously manages and docks a farmer terminal, a biogas slurry production management terminal and a scientific research institute terminal, and the biogas slurry production management terminal coordinates and manages and docks a biogas slurry conveying company terminal.
The biogas slurry production management terminal comprises a biogas slurry tank or a biogas slurry tank, an enterprise computer, an enterprise mobile phone, an enterprise database and a biogas slurry production enterprise database;
the biogas slurry delivery company terminal comprises a tank truck or a pipeline and a mobile phone of a transport company manager.
The farmer terminal comprises a paddy field manager computer or a mobile phone, an idle farmland and a measuring device; the measuring device comprises a water level gauge.
Data communication device, which includes internet or mobile communication network.
In specific implementation, the management system comprises the following operation steps:
step 1, an agricultural technology popularization department terminal investigates information of farmers with idle rice fields, and is connected with a biogas slurry production management terminal; providing biogas slurry detection service, and making a biogas slurry irrigation scheme;
and 2, butting the terminal scheme of the agricultural technology popularization department of the biogas slurry production management terminal with the farmer terminal, determining the biogas slurry conveying date and informing a biogas slurry conveying company of the terminal.
And 3, irrigating clear water by farmers in advance.
And 4, conveying the biogas slurry to farmers by the biogas slurry conveying company terminal, and storing the biogas slurry in an idle rice field.
And 5, dispatching a person to an idle rice field by an agricultural technology popularization department, sampling, bringing back and analyzing, measuring the content of the available nutrients in the soil, proposing a rice fertilization scheme, and sending the rice fertilization scheme to a farmer terminal.
And 5, planting the rice by the farmers according to the rice fertilization scheme provided by the agricultural technology popularization department terminal.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 3, with reference to embodiments 1 and 4, in this embodiment, the difference from embodiment 4 is that the terminal of the agriculture and technology promotion department no longer serves as a main department for implementing the whole method, and the terminal of the agriculture and technology promotion department only plays a role in communication and liaison, does not analyze the biogas slurry, and does not provide the detection results of the biogas slurry and the soil nutrients. The whole operation is purely marketized, the agricultural technology promotion department terminal only contacts a farmer terminal and a biogas slurry production management terminal, a scientific research institute directly contacts a biogas slurry production enterprise to serve the enterprise, the terminal is not directly connected with the agricultural technology promotion department terminal, the biogas slurry production management terminal serves as a marketized management main body, and is used for simultaneously managing and connecting the farmer terminal, the scientific research institute terminal and the biogas slurry conveying company terminal, and meanwhile, the biogas slurry production management terminal automatically detects biogas slurry and soil nutrients. After vigorous cultivation, the terminal of the agricultural technology popularization department quits the management main body, and the biogas slurry production management terminal is used as the management main body.
The specific scheme is as follows:
a livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle paddy field storage and utilization management system comprises an agriculture and technology promotion department terminal, a biogas slurry production management terminal, a biogas slurry conveying company terminal and a farmer terminal which are in wireless connection through a data communication device; data communication device including internet or mobile communication network
The farmer terminal comprises a paddy field manager computer, a mobile phone, an idle farmland, an irrigation device and a measurement device, wherein the irrigation device comprises a sludge pump and a leather hose; the measuring device comprises a water level gauge. The use data of the irrigation device and the measuring device are stored or recorded to the farmer terminal for later use.
The biogas slurry production management terminal comprises a biogas tank or a biogas slurry tank, biogas slurry nutrient analysis equipment and soil nutrient analysis equipment; the system also comprises an enterprise computer, an enterprise mobile phone, an enterprise database and a biogas slurry production enterprise database; the enterprise database includes a rice distribution scheme database. The distribution scheme in the rice distribution scheme database is obtained through a terminal of a scientific research institution, and the optimal rice distribution scheme is adjusted by the scientific research institution according to the data of the biogas slurry production management terminal, is sent to the biogas slurry production management terminal through the terminal of the scientific research institution and is stored in the rice distribution scheme database.
The biogas slurry delivery company terminal comprises a tank truck or a pipeline and a mobile phone of a transport company manager.
And the scientific research institution terminal comprises a mobile phone or a computer of a scientific research worker.
In specific implementation, the management system comprises the following operation steps:
step 1, farmers with idle rice fields send demand information to a biogas slurry production management terminal by using a farmer terminal;
and 2, determining biogas slurry conveying date and informing a biogas slurry conveying company terminal by the biogas slurry production management terminal according to the number of idle rice fields, and measuring nutrients of biogas slurry before the biogas slurry conveying date.
And 3, irrigating clear water by the peasant household through an irrigation device.
And 4, conveying the biogas slurry to farmers by the biogas slurry conveying company terminal, and storing the biogas slurry in an idle rice field.
And 5, sending a person to an idle rice field by the biogas slurry production management terminal, sampling and carrying back to analyze.
And 6, sending the data to a scientific research institution terminal by the biogas slurry production management terminal, and making and returning an optimal rice distribution scheme by the scientific research institution terminal according to the data.
And 7, sending the optimal rice distribution scheme to farmers by the biogas slurry production management terminal, and carrying out biogas slurry conveying on the rice in the next season according to the optimal distribution scheme.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle rice field storage and utilization method is characterized in that biogas slurry produced in a biogas tank is directly stored or irrigated in a winter idle rice field after rice is harvested, and the rice is repeatedly stored or irrigated until the rice is planted in the next spring after the biogas slurry in the rice field is dried, and the method is characterized in that: the biogas slurry is the biogas slurry in the biogas digester which normally produces more than three months of gas, and the content of biogas residues is lower than 10 percent; the biogas slurry comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.02-0.3% of ammonium nitrogen and 0.05-0.3% of P2O50.05-0.2% of K2 O；
The method comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting a rice field, and selecting a leisure rice field after harvesting rice;
step 2, pre-treating the rice field, keeping the soil of the rice field moist without cracks, and taking the leisure rice field as a biogas slurry storage pool in winter;
step 3, sampling and analyzing the biogas slurry in the biogas digester, and determining the content of ammonium nitrogen in the biogas slurry in the biogas digester;
step 4, determining irrigation quantity, irrigation height and irrigation times according to the ammonium nitrogen content of the biogas slurry in the step 3, and arranging a height display device in the leisure rice field;
step 5, irrigating clear water for the first time, wherein the thin layer of clear water is irrigated in the rice field, and the irrigation height of the clear water is 5-10 cm;
step 6, carrying out primary biogas slurry irrigation, and conveying biogas slurry from a biogas tank to an idle rice field by using a pipeline or a transport vehicle;
step 7, storing until the biogas slurry in the leisure rice field is dried; if the whitening or cracking of the leisure rice field exists, the step 8 is carried out, and if the whitening or cracking of the leisure rice field does not exist, the step 9 is directly carried out;
step 8, irrigating clear water for the second time, wherein the thin layer of clear water is irrigated in the rice field, and the irrigation height of the clear water is 5-10 cm;
step 9, carrying out secondary biogas slurry irrigation, and conveying biogas slurry from the biogas digester to an idle rice field by using a pipeline or a transport vehicle;
step 10, repeating the steps 4 to 9;
step 11, airing;
step 12, ploughing, wherein the ploughing depth is 4-5cm, and ventilating for 4-5 days;
and step 13, soaking in water and transplanting rice seedlings.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: and 4, arranging a height display device which is a bamboo chip with scales, wherein the number of the bamboo chips is 5, and the bamboo chips are inserted into the leisure rice field in a quincuncial shape.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the specific irrigation steps of the step 6 and the step 9 are as follows: the first half of biogas slurry irrigation volume begins irrigation from the edge of the ridge, and the second half of biogas slurry begins irrigation from the center of the leisure rice field during irrigation.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the storage time of step 7 is more than 15 days.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the total time of the steps 11 to 12 is more than 30 days.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: and a soil sampling and analyzing process is further arranged between the step 12 and the step 13, and a rice planting scheme in the step 13 is formulated according to a soil nutrient analysis result.
7. A livestock and poultry biogas slurry winter idle paddy field storage and utilization management system is characterized in that the system is used for realizing the method as claimed in claims 1-6, and comprises an agriculture and technology promotion department terminal, a biogas slurry production management terminal, a biogas slurry delivery company terminal and a farmer terminal which are in wireless connection through a data communication device;
the agricultural technology promotion department terminal comprises a mobile phone or a computer of an agricultural technology promotion person, biogas slurry nutrient analysis equipment and soil nutrient analysis equipment; a rice distribution scheme database; the agricultural technology promotion department terminal is responsible for coordinating the biogas slurry production management terminal and the farmer terminal, providing biogas slurry and soil nutrient detection results, and formulating and providing a recommended biogas slurry irrigation scheme and a rice fertilization scheme through scientific research institutions; the agricultural technology promotion department terminal is used as a main department for implementing the whole method, and simultaneously manages and docks a farmer terminal, a biogas slurry production management terminal and a scientific research institution terminal, and the biogas slurry production management terminal coordinates and manages and docks a biogas slurry conveying company terminal;
the biogas slurry production management terminal comprises a biogas slurry tank or a biogas slurry tank, an enterprise computer, an enterprise mobile phone, an enterprise database and a biogas slurry production enterprise database;
the biogas slurry delivery company terminal comprises a tank car or a pipeline and a mobile phone of a transport company manager;
the farmer terminal comprises a paddy field manager computer, a mobile phone, an idle farmland and a measuring device; the measuring device comprises a water level meter;
a data communication device including the internet or a mobile communication network;
the management system comprises the following operation steps:
step 1, an agricultural technology popularization department terminal investigates information of farmers with idle rice fields, and is connected with a biogas slurry production management terminal; providing biogas slurry detection service, and making a biogas slurry irrigation scheme;
step 2, connecting the agricultural technology popularization department terminal scheme of the biogas slurry production management terminal with a farmer terminal, determining the biogas slurry conveying date and informing a biogas slurry conveying company of the terminal;
step 3, irrigating clean water by farmers in advance;
step 4, conveying biogas slurry to farmers by a biogas slurry conveying company terminal, and storing the biogas slurry in an idle rice field;
step 5, the agriculture and technology popularization department dispatches people to the idle paddy field for sampling and bringing back for analysis, measures the content of the soil available nutrients, proposes a paddy fertilization scheme and sends the paddy fertilization scheme to a farmer terminal;
and 6, planting the rice by farmers according to a rice fertilization scheme provided by the agricultural technology popularization department terminal.
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