CN109117522B - Method for calculating fluid-solid coupling working performance of static-pressure slide carriage based on MATLAB-ANSYS software - Google Patents
Method for calculating fluid-solid coupling working performance of static-pressure slide carriage based on MATLAB-ANSYS software Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for calculating the fluid-solid coupling working performance of a static-pressure slide carriage based on MATLAB-ANSYS software, which comprises the following steps: (1) And establishing a three-dimensional model of the static pressure slide carriage according to the actual working condition. And determining the stress of the static pressure oil pad on the static pressure slide carriage. (2) And obtaining the pressure distribution of the static pressure oil pad and the thickness of the base oil film in MATLAB through a single quantitative rectangular static pressure oil pad calculation model. (3) And (3) according to a finite element method, carrying out grid division on the static-pressure slide carriage in ANSYS, and determining the specific position of the oil pad through special nodes. (4) And loading the calculated pressure distribution on the divided model to obtain the deformation of the static pressure slide carriage structure. (5) And substituting the obtained deformation serving as the oil film thickness variation into the oil film thickness, and calculating new pressure distribution and the base oil film thickness. And (6) forming a coupling calculation model through loop iteration. And when the numerical variation of the thickness of the base oil film is smaller than the calculation precision, the model is considered to obtain a stable solution, and the coupling calculation is finished.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method for calculating the fluid-solid coupling working performance of a static-pressure slide carriage based on MATLAB-ANSYS software, and belongs to the field of mechanical design and manufacturing.
Background
The static pressure slide carriage is a key part of a precise ultra-precise heavy high-grade numerical control machine tool, plays a role in supporting a ram of the heavy numerical control machine tool and drives the ram to linearly move along a cross beam. Because the hydrostatic bearing has the advantages of low friction, high bearing capacity, high motion precision and the like, the hydrostatic bearing is widely applied to the manufacturing industry of various heavy machinery parts. The static pressure technology is earlier researched abroad, products cover all parts, and mature manufacturing technology and products are available. Although the domestic research is slightly late, under the trend of reform and opening, foreign technologies are greatly introduced, advanced experience is learned, with the support of the country, the development of researchers is still greater. In recent years, considerable research has been conducted on static pressure carriages by a number of expert scholars. However, the static pressure slide carriage is not only subjected to the gravity action of the slide carriage, the ram and various parts in the moving process, but also subjected to the cutting force action in the process of processing parts, so that the slide carriage per se can also deform. In the prior design calculation, the slide carriage is simplified into a rigid body, and the influence of the mutual coupling action between the deformation of the slide carriage and the change of the oil film thickness on the working performance of the slide carriage is ignored. Therefore, extensive research must be carried out on the coupling effect to improve the design of the static pressure slide carriage, improve the working performance and prolong the service life of the static pressure slide carriage. Therefore, the invention discloses a method for calculating the working performance of the static pressure slide carriage based on fluid-solid coupling effect, which can provide a better design method for the design and manufacture of the static pressure slide carriage, so that the static pressure slide carriage has better working performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a calculation method of the fluid-solid coupling deformation of a static-pressure slide carriage based on MATLAB-ANSYS software mainly aiming at the working performance of the static-pressure slide carriage. The method is mainly characterized in that the mutual coupling effect between the deformation of the slide carriage and the change of the thickness of an oil film is considered in the calculation process of the working performance of the static pressure slide carriage, and the pressure distribution of each oil cavity on the slide carriage is calculated.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by the following scheme:
step 1, establishing a three-dimensional model of the static pressure slide carriage by utilizing modeling drawing software according to the structure of the static pressure slide carriage of the vertical gantry machine tool, as shown in figure 1. And determining the stress of the static pressure oil pad on the static pressure slide carriage according to the motion condition of the static pressure slide carriage of the vertical gantry machine tool.
And step 2, obtaining the pressure distribution of the static pressure oil pad and the thickness of the base oil film in MATLAB through a single quantitative rectangular static pressure oil pad calculation model.
And 3, carrying out meshing on the static pressure slide carriage in ANSYS according to a finite element method, and determining the specific position of the oil pad through special nodes in the meshing.
And 4, loading the pressure distribution obtained by calculation in the step 2 on the divided model in the step 3 to obtain the deformation of the static pressure slide carriage structure.
And 5, substituting the deformation obtained in the step 4 into the step 2 as the oil film thickness variation, and calculating new pressure distribution and the base oil film thickness.
And 6, circularly iterating the step 2 to the step 5 to form a coupling calculation model. And when the numerical variation of the thickness of the base oil film is smaller than the calculation precision, the model is considered to obtain a stable solution, and the coupling calculation is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
in MATLAB, the pressure distribution of the oil pad and the thickness of an oil film are calculated on the basis of a Reynolds equation according to the boundary condition of the single oil pad, the actual deformation of the static pressure slide carriage is calculated by means of strong finite element calculation capacity of ANSYS, and the actual deformation and the large deformation are combined to form a fluid-solid coupling analysis model. The method comprehensively considers the influence of the self-deformation of the slide carriage on the thickness of the oil film and the self-deformation of the slide carriage caused by the change of the thickness of the oil film, the method is most consistent with the actual working condition, the obtained result is most accurate, and the defect of the working performance of the static pressure slide carriage without considering the self-deformation of the slide carriage when the slide carriage is regarded as a rigid body is overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a static pressure slide carriage of a vertical gantry machine tool;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a static pressure oil pad according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a fluid-solid coupling calculation relationship diagram of the static pressure slide carriage static pressure oil film of the heavy gantry machine tool;
FIG. 4 is a grid diagram of finite element analysis of a static pressure slide carriage of the heavy gantry machine tool;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of fluid-solid coupling calculation design of a static pressure slide carriage of the heavy gantry machine tool;
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
step 1, establishing a three-dimensional model of the slide carriage and the rectangular static pressure oil pad according to the actual conditions. As shown in fig. 2, the length L and the width B of the static pressure oil pad, and the load pressure on a single static pressure oil pad is F;
and 2, establishing a calculation model of a single quantitative rectangular static pressure oil pad. And the quantitative rectangular static pressure oil pad calculation model is used for calculating the bearing capacity and the oil film thickness of the static pressure oil pad according to the oil pad load and the oil supply flow.
The bearing capacity of the rectangular oil pad is calculated by using a Reynolds equation;
the Reynolds equation is:
and carrying out differential solution on the pressure p, carrying out grid division on the rectangular static pressure oil pad, dividing the pressure p into No. 1-m nodes in the X direction at a distance delta X, dividing the pressure p into No. 1-n nodes in the Y direction at a distance delta Y, and dividing the pressure p into No. 1-k nodes in the Z direction at a distance delta Z. Since the hydrostatic oil film is thin, no pressure change in the Z direction is assumed. Obtaining a Reynolds equation after difference:
wherein: p is a radical of i,j Is the pressure of the node (i, j), i is 1-m, j is 1-n;
Δ x: a single grid length in the X direction;
Δ y: length of single grid in Y direction;
h i,j : oil film thickness of node (i, j);
μ: viscosity of the liquid;
for the coupling calculation, the oil film thickness h is plotted as in FIG. 2 i,j The splitting is as follows:
h i,j ＝hs i,j +Δh i,j
wherein: hs is i,j Is the base oil film thickness of node (i, j);
Δh i,j is the oil film thickness variation of the node (i, j) caused by the slide carriage deformation;
boundary conditions: setting the pressure p =1 in the oil cavity;
the pressure p =0 of the outer edge of the oil sealing edge;
the oil film thickness hs =1 at the oil sealing edge, and Δ h =0, namely h i,j ＝hs＝1；
Substituting the boundary conditions into the differential Reynolds equation to obtain the pressure p of each point i,j Distributing;
the total load of the rectangular static pressure oil pad is:
pressure P in oil cavity of static pressure oil pad 0 Is composed of
Actual pressure P of each point i,j ＝P 0 p i,j ；
Actual pressure w of each point i,j ＝P i,j ΔxΔy；
Flow rate of liquid in X direction
Discretizing the liquid flow velocity in the X-direction
Flow rate of liquid in Y direction
Discretizing the liquid flow velocity in the X-direction
Oil outlet flow of oil pad
According to the known oil inlet flow Q 0 Let Q = Q 0 The oil film thickness hs can be obtained;
and 3, carrying out finite element mesh division on the static-pressure slide carriage in ANSYS. At the installation position of the static pressure oil pad of the static pressure slide carriage, the ANSYS grids are completely consistent with the differential grids of the static pressure oil pad, namely the ANSYS grids are the same with the grids of the static pressure oil pad in space interval, the node numbers are consistent, and the ANSYS grids can be in one-to-one correspondence in space.
And 5, outputting a deformation calculation result of ANSYS. The deformation displacement delta h of the slide pressing plate in the film thickness direction i,j Outputting the pressure data to MATLAB as the change of oil film thickness, calculating new pressure distribution, and obtaining hs again i,j 。
And 6, circularly iterating the step 2 to the step 5 to form a coupling calculation model. And when the hs numerical value variation delta hs is smaller than the calculation precision ca, the model can be considered to obtain a stable solution, and the coupling calculation is finished.
Claims (1)
1. A static pressure slide carriage fluid-solid coupling working performance calculation method based on MATLAB-ANSYS software is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, establishing a three-dimensional model of a static pressure slide carriage by utilizing modeling and drawing software according to the structure of the static pressure slide carriage of the vertical gantry machine tool; determining the stress of a static pressure oil pad on a static pressure slide carriage according to the motion condition of the static pressure slide carriage of the vertical gantry machine tool;
step 2, obtaining the pressure distribution of the static pressure oil pad and the thickness of the base oil film in MATLAB through a single quantitative rectangular static pressure oil pad calculation model;
step 3, according to a finite element method, carrying out meshing on the static pressure slide carriage in ANSYS, and determining the specific position of the oil pad through special nodes in the meshing;
step 4, loading the pressure distribution obtained by calculation in the step 2 on the divided model in the step 3 to obtain the deformation of the static pressure slide carriage structure;
step 5, substituting the deformation obtained in the step 4 into the step 2 as the oil film thickness variation, and calculating new pressure distribution and the thickness of the basic oil film;
step 6, carrying out loop iteration from the step 2 to the step 5 to form a coupling calculation model; when the numerical variation of the thickness of the base oil film is smaller than the calculation precision, the model is considered to obtain a stable solution, and the coupling calculation is finished;
step 1, establishing a three-dimensional model of a slide carriage and a rectangular static pressure oil pad according to the actual situation; the length L and the width B of the static pressure oil pad are equal, and the load pressure on a single static pressure oil pad is F;
step 2, establishing a calculation model of a single quantitative rectangular static pressure oil pad; the quantitative rectangular static pressure oil pad calculation model is used for calculating the bearing capacity and the oil film thickness of the static pressure oil pad according to the oil pad load and the oil supply flow;
the bearing capacity of the rectangular oil pad is calculated by using a Reynolds equation;
the Reynolds equation is:
differential solving is carried out on the pressure p, grid division is carried out on the rectangular static pressure oil pad, the X direction is divided into nodes No. 1-m by the distance delta X, the Y direction is divided into nodes No. 1-n by the distance delta Y, and the Z direction is divided into nodes No. 1-k by the distance delta Z; since the hydrostatic oil film is very thin, no pressure change in the Z direction is assumed; obtaining a Reynolds equation after difference:
wherein: p is a radical of i,j Is a node (i) that is a node,j) I is 1-m, j is 1-n;
Δ x: a single grid length in the X direction;
Δ y: length of single grid in Y direction;
h i,j : oil film thickness of node (i, j);
U xi,j : the X-direction carriage moving speed of the node (i, j);
V yi,j : the Y-direction carriage moving speed of the node (i, j);
μ: viscosity of the liquid;
for the coupling calculation, the oil film thickness h is calculated i,j The splitting is as follows:
h i,j ＝hs i,j +Δh i,j
wherein: hs is i,j Is the base oil film thickness of node (i, j);
Δh i,j is the oil film thickness variation of the node (i, j) caused by the slide carriage deformation;
boundary conditions: setting the pressure p =1 in the oil cavity;
the pressure p =0 of the outer edge of the oil sealing edge;
the oil film thickness hs =1 at the oil sealing edge, and Δ h =0, namely h i,j ＝hs＝1；
Substituting the boundary conditions into the differential Reynolds equation to obtain the pressure p of each point i,j Distributing;
the total load of the rectangular static pressure oil pad is:
pressure P in oil cavity of static pressure oil pad 0 Is composed of
Actual pressure P of each point i,j ＝P 0 p i,j ；
Actual pressure w of each point i,j ＝P i,j ΔxΔy；
Flow rate of liquid in X direction
Discretizing the liquid flow velocity in the X-direction
Flow rate of liquid in Y direction
Discretizing the liquid flow velocity in the X-direction
Oil outlet flow of oil pad
According to the known oil inlet flow Q 0 Let Q = Q 0 The oil film thickness hs can be obtained;
step 3, carrying out finite element mesh division on the static pressure slide carriage in ANSYS; at the installation position of the static pressure oil pad of the static pressure slide carriage, the ANSYS grids are completely consistent with the differential grids of the static pressure oil pad, namely the ANSYS grids are the same with the grids of the static pressure oil pad in space interval, the node numbers are consistent, and the ANSYS grids can be in one-to-one correspondence in space;
step 4 the calculated node pressure w in MATLAB i,j Applying the load to the model nodes after grid division; carrying out displacement constraint on the model nodes, and solving;
step 5, outputting a deformation calculation result of ANSYS; the deformation displacement delta h of the slide pressing plate in the film thickness direction i,j Outputting the pressure data to MATLAB as the change of oil film thickness to calculate new pressure distributionObtaining hs again i,j ；
Step 6, circularly iterating the step 2 to the step 5 to form a coupling calculation model; and when the hs numerical value variation delta hs is smaller than the calculation precision ca, the model can be considered to obtain a stable solution, and the coupling calculation is finished.
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| CN110083924B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2022-05-27 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Oil film lubrication performance simulation method under static pressure thrust bearing unbalance loading working condition |
| CN110287577A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-27 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of acquisition hydrostatic thrust bearing oil film three-dimensional pressure field method |
| CN111475971B (en) * | 2020-02-02 | 2022-08-09 | 南京工业大学 | Method for optimizing bolt pretightening force of air-floating guide rail slide carriage based on ANSYS software |
| CN118446137B (en) * | 2024-07-08 | 2024-10-11 | 中信重工机械股份有限公司 | Calculation method for oil film thickness distribution of mining mill |
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