CN110020487B - Deflection deformation compensation method for blank holder of drawing die - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of stamping die manufacturing, in particular to a deflection deformation compensation method for a blank holder of a drawing die. The invention provides a deflection deformation compensation method for a blank holder of a drawing die, which comprises the following steps of analyzing the deflection deformation of the blank holder by adopting a finite element method, selecting a group of reference points at key positions of the blank holder, sequentially calculating the relative deflection deformation of the rest reference points by taking the reference point with the minimum deflection deformation as a benchmark, taking the relative deflection deformation as compensation values of all the reference points, forming a deflection deformation compensation scheme by position information of all the reference points and corresponding compensation values, and realizing the integral deformation treatment of multi-point control on the blank holder by adopting a multi-point control method. According to the method, the deflection deformation of the blank holder is accurately analyzed and accurately compensated, so that the blank holder of the drawing die can obtain uniform die closing gap after finish machining, and the method has obvious effects of reducing the die manufacturing cost and shortening the die manufacturing period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of stamping die manufacturing, in particular to a deflection deformation compensation method for a blank holder of a drawing die.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the product upgrading and production efficiency requirements, the trend of large-scale stamping dies and one-die multi-piece stamping is increasingly obvious. With the increase of the die breadth and the increase of the working load, the deflection deformation of the die blank holder is obviously increased.
For a drawing stamping die, deflection deformation of a blank holder can lead to uneven die clamping gap of the blank holder and an upper die, so that the contact force distribution between the dies cannot realize the design intention, and the quality problems of part cracking, wrinkling and the like are caused.
To solve this problem, it is generally necessary to manually grind the molding surface of the bead ring to gradually eliminate the uneven mold clamping gap. However, the manual grinding method is simply relied on, so that the grinding workload is too great, the labor cost is high, and the debugging period is long. With the increasing of market competition, the product updating and upgrading are more frequent, the enterprise cost control requirements are more and more strict, and the traditional manual development method cannot meet the current requirements on short period and low cost of die development.
In order to solve the above problems, another idea is to superimpose a profile deformation process opposite to the deflection deformation trend on the basis of the processing data of the original blank holder to counteract the deflection deformation thereof in the mold design stage.
However, how to accurately and effectively predict the deflection deformation of the blank holder of the drawing die is an industry difficult problem. The deflection deformation behavior of the blank holder is influenced by a plurality of complex factors such as a die structure, a press structure, part modeling, process design and the like. At present, no matter analytical reasoning, an empirical formula or industry experience is adopted, accurate deflection deformation distribution of the blank holder cannot be obtained, the compensation effect is not ideal, and the technical bottleneck is to be broken through.
At present, the mould industry mostly relies on personal experience based on past projects to conduct deflection deformation prejudgement, and the accuracy, reliability and general applicability of technical means cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deflection deformation compensation method for a blank holder of a drawing die, which solves the problem of uneven die closing gap caused by deflection deformation of the blank holder of the drawing die.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a deflection deformation compensation method for a blank holder of a drawing die, which comprises the following steps:
analyzing deflection deformation of the blank holder by adopting a finite element method, modeling a compensation processing model, and defining modeling parameters, wherein the modeling parameters comprise geometric modeling structure modeling, component material performance, unit type and grid size division, analysis steps and a solving algorithm, a contact relation and boundary conditions;
selecting a group of reference points at key positions of the blank holder, sequentially calculating the relative deflection deformation of the rest reference points by taking the reference point with the minimum deflection deformation as a benchmark according to deflection deformation analysis results, and taking the relative deflection deformation as a compensation value of each reference point, wherein the position information of all the reference points and the corresponding compensation value form a deflection deformation compensation scheme;
and thirdly, importing the molding surface of the blank holder required to be compensated and all the reference points into a compensation processing model, generating corresponding target points for each reference point according to a deflection deformation compensation scheme, and adopting a multipoint control method to realize the integral deformation processing of multipoint control on the blank holder.
In one embodiment, the compensation process model is built by computer-aided software.
In one embodiment, the geometric modeling in the first step specifically includes modeling the modeling structure of the mold, the press and the related stress transmitting components.
In an embodiment, the material properties of the component in the first step specifically include that the mold and the press component are elastic deformation bodies, and the elastic deformation properties of the component material are defined by an elastic modulus and a poisson ratio.
In one embodiment, the component material in the first step is cast iron material, the elastic modulus is selected to be 105-155 GPa, and the Poisson's ratio is selected to be 0.2-0.3.
In an embodiment, the dividing the cell type and the grid size in the step one specifically includes that the cell type is a Tet entity cell, and the grid size control range is 25-75 mm.
In an embodiment, the analyzing step and the solving algorithm in the step one specifically include setting an analyzing step, an initial step size, a maximum increment step size and a minimum acceptable increment step size by adopting a static implicit algorithm.
In an embodiment, the modeling parameter in the first step includes a contact relationship, specifically, different contact relationships are defined between contact surfaces of the components according to a relative sliding relationship, for relative sliding between the contact surfaces, a friction force and a positive pressure during relative sliding are defined, and for no relative displacement between the contact surfaces, the simplified contact relationship is a connection relationship.
In an embodiment, the modeling parameters in the first step include boundary conditions, specifically including setting according to the stamping process, the die structure, and the press structure, ensuring the balance of stress along the stamping direction Z, and defining corresponding boundary conditions according to the guiding elements in the X and Y directions.
In an embodiment, the selected position of the reference point in the second step is in a management surface area inside the bead of the blank holder and in an outer contour of the web.
In an embodiment, the reference point distance in the second step is smaller than 1000mm, and the number of the reference points of the single blank holder is 8-20.
In an embodiment, in the third step, the target point position is a reference point position plus a corresponding compensation value.
In an embodiment, the compensation deformation processing model in the third step is built by compensation deformation processing computer-aided software, and the target point position is a reference point position plus a corresponding compensation magnitude.
In an embodiment, in the third step, the multipoint control method is a point-to-point driving method, the reference points and the corresponding target points form vectors, all the vectors form a vector set, and the vector set drives the curved surface to deform, so as to manufacture the compensation surface.
In an embodiment, in the third step, the multipoint control method is a dot-line joint driving method, a constraint curve is formed by a reference point with a compensation value of zero, then vectors are formed by a reference point with a compensation value of non-zero and a corresponding target point, all vectors form a vector set, and the constraint curve and the vector set drive the curved surface to deform, so as to manufacture the compensation surface.
In an embodiment, in the third step, the multipoint control method is a surface-to-surface driving method, a curved surface to be compensated is projected along the punching direction to form a projection surface, the projection surface is driven to deform by using a point-to-point driving method to form a target surface, and the projection surface and the target surface are adopted to drive the curved surface to deform, so as to manufacture the compensation surface.
According to the deflection deformation compensation method for the blank holder of the drawing die, through accurate analysis and accurate compensation deformation treatment on the deflection deformation of the blank holder, the blank holder of the drawing die can obtain uniform die closing gap without manual grinding after finish machining, and the deflection deformation compensation method has obvious effects of reducing the manufacturing cost of the die and shortening the manufacturing period of the die, and can effectively improve the design level of the molded surface of the blank holder of the drawing die.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) The finite element modeling method and the parameter design for the deflection deformation problem of the drawing die pressing edge ring are provided, the accurate pre-judgment of the deflection deformation of the edge pressing ring is realized, and compared with the existing method which depends on personal experience, the accuracy and the reliability of deflection deformation analysis of the edge pressing ring are improved, and the method has better technical popularization.
2) The multi-point control method (comprising three driving modes) is adopted to model the deflection deformation compensation curved surface of the blank holder, so that the control of deformation trend is realized, and the accuracy of compensation data is improved.
Drawings
The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which like reference numerals refer to like features throughout, and in which:
FIG. 1 discloses a model block diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the analysis result of deflection deformation of a blank holder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 discloses a blank holder deflection deformation compensation scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 illustrates a curve deviation analysis before and after compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The meaning of the reference numerals in the figures is as follows:
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a deflection deformation compensation method for a blank holder of a drawing die, and the specific technical scheme is as follows.
Analyzing deflection deformation of the blank holder.
The technical scheme of the invention adopts a finite element method to realize accurate analysis of deflection deformation of the blank holder, models a compensation processing model, defines modeling parameters, and specifically defines the modeling parameters as follows:
modeling a geometric modeling structure. The compensation process model is modeled using computer aided software (CAD software, such as Catia, UG, etc.). The modeling structure modeling method specifically comprises modeling of a die, a press and related stress transmission components. The specific parameters of the modeling of the geometric modeling structure are based on the actual modeling structure, and simplification or deletion processing is carried out on the non-bearing components.
Component material properties. The elastic deformation behavior of each component such as a die and a press is considered, and is defined as an elastic deformation body, and the elastic deformation performance of the component material is defined by using an elastic modulus and poisson ratio.
For the case of cast iron as the component material, the preferred elastic modulus is selected from the range: 105-155 GPa; poisson ratio selection range: 0.2 to 0.3.
Cell type and grid size division. The deflection deformation of the blank holder belongs to the three-dimensional deformation problem, and a solid unit type is needed.
In order to obtain a better unit division effect, the preferable unit type is Tet entity unit, and the grid size control range is 25-75 mm.
And (5) assembling a model. A reference point is established for each component as a basis for assembly of the components. In the assembly coordinate system, each component and the reference point thereof are respectively imported, and then the relative position relation of each component is determined according to the position of the reference point, so as to carry out assembly.
Analysis steps and algorithm definition. And taking the deflection deformation process of the blank holder as a quasi-static process, and adopting a static implicit algorithm to obtain a stable and reliable calculation result by solving the format.
In one embodiment, the entire analysis step is defined as 1s. Initial incrementThe step length is 0.001-0.01 s, the maximum increment step length is 0.05-0.2 s, and the minimum acceptable increment step length is 10 -7 ～10 -5 s。
The contact relationship is defined. All contact surfaces are defined according to the contact characteristics. For relative displacement between the contact surfaces, it is necessary to define the frictional force and positive pressure during relative sliding. And for almost no relative displacement between contact surfaces, the contact relationship can be simplified to define the connection relationship so as to improve the efficiency of simulation calculation.
Boundary condition definition. Consistent settings are made with reference to stamping processes, die structures, press structures, etc. The balance of the stress in the pressing direction (Z direction) needs to be ensured. The load stress is consistent with the process design value. The model needs to define corresponding boundary constraint conditions according to guide elements (such as guide plates, guide columns and the like) in the X and Y directions, balances lateral force and prevents unreasonable lateral deformation.
And step two, formulating a deflection deformation compensation scheme.
And selecting a reference point at a key position of the blank holder as a basis for subsequent profile deformation processing.
According to the analysis result of deflection deformation, the reference point with the minimum deflection deformation is taken as a benchmark, and the relative deflection deformation of the rest reference points is calculated in sequence and is taken as the compensation value of each reference point. The position information of all the reference points and the corresponding compensation values form a deflection deformation compensation scheme.
In order to correctly reflect the deformation trend of the blank holder, the following two types of position selection reference points are preferentially considered:
1) A management surface area within the bead ring draw bead;
2) The outer contour of the material sheet.
The selected reference point spacing is not excessively large, and should be smaller than 1000mm, and the number of the reference points of the single blank holder is 8-20.
And step three, manufacturing deflection deformation compensation data.
In the compensation processing model, the molding surface of the blank holder required to be subjected to compensation processing and all reference points are imported. The compensation process model is built by computer aided software (CAD software). And generating a target point corresponding to each reference point according to the deflection deformation compensation scheme. And adding a corresponding compensation value to the target point position for the reference point position. The compensation formula is:
wherein, (x) r ,y r ,z r ) Is the reference point coordinate (x) t ,y t ,z t ) And c is the compensation quantity for the coordinates of the target point.
And (3) carrying out integral deformation treatment on the blank holder by adopting a multipoint control method according to the coordinate positions of the reference point and the target point, so as to ensure that each control point meets the scheme requirement, the deformation trend such as symmetry, eccentricity, gradient, reference point and the like is consistent with the simulation analysis result, and the quality of the curved surface meets the fairing requirement.
Specifically, considering the problems of complexity of curved surface modeling, symmetry of deformation trend and the like, the multipoint control method adopts three different driving modes to manufacture the compensation surface respectively:
and (3) driving point to point. For the condition of simpler curved surface modeling, the compensation surface can be manufactured directly by adopting a point-to-point driving mode. The reference points and the corresponding target points form vectors, all the vectors form a vector set, and the vector set drives the curved surface to deform to manufacture the compensation surface.
The dotted lines are driven in combination. For the case that the curved surface modeling is complex but the deformation trend has certain symmetry, the compensation surface can be manufactured by adopting a dot-line combined driving mode. And forming a constraint curve by the reference point with zero compensation quantity, forming a vector by the reference point with non-zero compensation quantity and the corresponding target point, forming a vector set by all vectors, and driving the curved surface to deform by the constraint curve and the vector set to manufacture a compensation surface. All geometric elements need to meet symmetry in construction to ensure that the deformed compensation surfaces strictly follow the symmetry requirement.
Surface-to-surface drive. For the condition that the curved surface is complicated in modeling and asymmetric in deformation trend, a compensation surface is manufactured in a surface-to-surface driving mode. Firstly, a curved surface to be compensated is projected along the stamping direction to form a projection surface, namely a reference surface. The projection surface (reference surface) is then deformed in the manner of the point-to-point drive mentioned above to form the target surface. And finally, driving the curved surface to deform by adopting the reference surface and the target surface to manufacture the compensation surface.
And the deformed compensation data needs to be subjected to quality inspection and deviation analysis, so that the correct compensation value and good quality of the compensation data surface are ensured.
The compensation method of the present invention is further described below in connection with a specific embodiment of a roof mold:
first, analyzing deflection deformation of the blank holder.
And adopting CAD software to carry out geometric modeling according to the modeling structure of the die and the press, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the concrete structure of the sliding block 101, the upper die 102, the blank holder 103, the table top 104, the top bar 105, the lower air cushion 106 and the like is shown in figure 1.
The die and press set were defined as elastic deformation, with an elastic modulus of 130GPa and a poisson's ratio of 0.25.
The unit type adopts a Tet entity unit. The mesh size is 25-75 mm.
And (3) establishing an assembly coordinate system by using the central position of the lower bottom surface of the die, and defining the relative position relation of each component.
The calculation and solving process adopts a static implicit algorithm.
The whole analysis step was defined as 1s. Initial increment step size 0.01s, maximum increment step size 0.1s, minimum acceptable increment step size: 10 -7 s。
The contact surfaces of the components define different contact relationships according to the relative sliding relationship.
Boundary conditions are defined according to the actual process and die and press configuration. Each guide element defines a respective displacement boundary depending on its guiding direction.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the analysis result of deflection deformation of the blank holder according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, in which different gray shades represent different deflection deformation values.
And secondly, formulating a deflection deformation compensation scheme.
Fig. 3 discloses a deflection deformation compensation scheme of a blank holder according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 8 reference points are selected from the inner area of the inner tube of the blank holder as the basis for the subsequent profile deformation processing.
According to the analysis result of deflection deformation of the blank holder of fig. 2, the deflection deformation of 8 reference points are recorded respectively, for example, the reference points numbered 1-8 in fig. 3, the point with the smallest deflection deformation is taken as the zero position, the reference points numbered 1,3,5 and 7 in fig. 3 are taken as the zero positions, and the relative deflection deformation of the rest reference points is calculated in sequence and is taken as the compensation value of each reference point.
As shown in fig. 3, the positional information of 8 reference points numbered 1 to 8 and the corresponding compensation values form the deflection compensation scheme of the roof mold blank holder.
And thirdly, manufacturing deflection deformation compensation data.
In CAD software, the molding surface of the blank holder and all reference points which need compensation processing are imported. For each reference point, a respective target point is generated according to the compensation scheme.
Considering that the curved surface is simpler in shape, the point-to-point driving mode is directly adopted to drive the blank holder to carry out integral deformation treatment.
FIG. 4 shows the curve deviation analysis before and after compensation according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, different gray scale shades represent different deviations, which are the final actual compensation amounts.
In fig. 2 and fig. 4, the gray color is used to represent the corresponding variables (deflection deformation value and deflection amount), and as the two groups of variables have gradual change and irregular change, different gray color shades are used to represent the change of the variables, which is more beneficial to visual and accurate understanding.
According to the deflection deformation compensation method for the blank holder of the drawing die, through accurate analysis and accurate compensation deformation treatment on the deflection deformation of the blank holder, the blank holder of the drawing die can obtain uniform die closing gap without grinding after finish machining, the die manufacturing cost is reduced, the die manufacturing period is shortened, and the design level of the molded surface of the blank holder of the drawing die can be effectively improved.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) The finite element modeling method and the parameter design for the deflection deformation problem of the drawing die pressing edge ring are provided, the accurate pre-judgment of the deflection deformation of the edge pressing ring is realized, and compared with the existing method which depends on personal experience, the accuracy and the reliability of deflection deformation analysis of the edge pressing ring are improved, and the method has better technical popularization.
2) The multi-point control method (comprising three driving modes) is adopted to model the deflection deformation compensation curved surface of the blank holder, so that the control of deformation trend is realized, and the accuracy of compensation data is improved.
While, for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the methodologies are shown and described as a series of acts, it is to be understood and appreciated that the methodologies are not limited by the order of acts, as some acts may, in accordance with one or more embodiments, occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other acts from that shown and described herein or not shown and described herein, as would be understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art.
As used in this application and in the claims, the terms "a," "an," "the," and/or "the" are not specific to the singular, but may include the plural, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises" and "comprising" merely indicate that the steps and elements are explicitly identified, and they do not constitute an exclusive list, as other steps or elements may be included in a method or apparatus.
The embodiments described above are intended to provide those skilled in the art with a full range of modifications and variations to the embodiments described above without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited by the embodiments described above, but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the innovative features recited in the claims.
Claims (13)
1. The deflection deformation compensation method of the blank holder of the drawing die is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
analyzing deflection deformation of the blank holder by adopting a finite element method, modeling a compensation processing model, and defining modeling parameters, wherein the modeling parameters comprise geometric modeling structure modeling, component material performance, unit type and grid size division, analysis steps and a solving algorithm, a contact relation and boundary conditions;
selecting a group of reference points at key positions of the blank holder, sequentially calculating the relative deflection deformation of the rest reference points by taking the reference point with the minimum deflection deformation as a benchmark according to deflection deformation analysis results, and taking the relative deflection deformation as a compensation value of each reference point, wherein the position information of all the reference points and the corresponding compensation value form a deflection deformation compensation scheme;
step three, importing the molding surface of the blank holder required to be compensated and all reference points into a compensation processing model, generating corresponding target points for each reference point according to a deflection deformation compensation scheme, and adopting a multipoint control method to realize the integral deformation processing of multipoint control on the blank holder;
the analysis step and the solving algorithm in the first step specifically comprise the steps of setting an analysis step, an initial step length, a maximum increment step length and a minimum acceptable increment step length by adopting a static implicit algorithm;
and step two, the selected position of the reference point is in a management surface area inside the blank holder draw bead and the outer contour of the material sheet.
2. The drawing die blank holder deflection deformation compensation method according to claim 1, wherein the compensation processing model is established by computer-aided software.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the modeling of the geometric modeling structure in the first step includes modeling the modeling structure of the die, the press and the related stress transfer assembly.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the component material properties in the first step include the fact that the die and press components are elastic deformation bodies, and the elastic deformation properties of the component materials are defined by elastic modulus and poisson ratio.
5. The method for compensating deflection deformation of a blank holder of a drawing die according to claim 4, wherein the component material in the first step is cast iron material, the elastic modulus is selected to be 105-155 GPa, and the Poisson's ratio is selected to be 0.2-0.3.
6. The deflection deformation compensation method of the blank holder of the drawing die according to claim 1, wherein the unit type and the mesh size are divided in the first step, specifically comprising the unit type is a Tet solid unit, and the mesh size control range is 25-75 mm.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modeling parameters in the first step include contact relationships, specifically, different contact relationships are defined between contact surfaces of the components according to a relative sliding relationship, friction force and positive pressure are defined when the contact surfaces slide relatively, and a simplified contact relationship is a connection relationship when there is no relative displacement between the contact surfaces.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the modeling parameters in the first step include boundary conditions, specifically including setting according to a stamping process, a die structure, and a press structure, ensuring balance of stress along a stamping direction Z, and defining corresponding boundary conditions according to the guiding elements in the X and Y directions.
9. The deflection deformation compensation method of the blank holder of the drawing die according to claim 1, wherein the reference point distance in the second step is smaller than 1000mm, and the number of the reference points of the single blank holder is 8-20.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the target point position is a reference point position plus a corresponding compensation value.
11. The method for compensating deflection deformation of a blank holder of a drawing die according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the multipoint control method is a point-to-point driving method, wherein the reference points and the corresponding target points form vectors, all the vectors form a vector set, and the vector set drives the curved surface to deform to manufacture the compensation surface.
12. The method for compensating deflection deformation of a blank holder of a drawing die according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the multipoint control method is a dot-line combined driving method, wherein a constraint curve is formed by a reference point with a compensation value of zero, vectors are formed by reference points with compensation values of non-zero and corresponding target points, all vectors form a vector set, and the constraint curve and the vector set drive a curved surface to deform, so as to manufacture a compensation surface.
13. The method for compensating deflection deformation of a blank holder of a drawing die according to claim 11, wherein in the third step, the multi-point control method is a face-to-face driving method, wherein a curved surface to be compensated is projected along a punching direction to form a projection surface, the projection surface is driven to deform by a point-to-point driving method to form a target surface, and the projection surface and the target surface are driven to deform to produce a compensation surface.
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| CN111014415A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-17 | 珠海格力精密模具有限公司 | Method for manufacturing draw bead based on CAE technology |
| CN111421043B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2021-07-13 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Compensation method for elastic deformation of pressing ring component of drawing die |
| CN111842702A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-30 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Process method for controlling sliding line at handle of outer door panel of automobile and outer door panel |
| CN113836663B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2023-11-21 | 成都普什汽车模具有限公司 | Method for obtaining elastic deformation compensation value of working table of automobile die press |
| CN116227056A (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2023-06-06 | 蔚来汽车科技(安徽)有限公司 | Deflection deformation compensation amount calculating method, calculating device and storage medium |
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| CN110020487A (en) | 2019-07-16 |
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