CN109114834A - Compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head with π type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine - Google Patents
Compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head with π type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109114834A CN109114834A CN201811195992.2A CN201811195992A CN109114834A CN 109114834 A CN109114834 A CN 109114834A CN 201811195992 A CN201811195992 A CN 201811195992A CN 109114834 A CN109114834 A CN 109114834A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
- F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/001—Gas cycle refrigeration machines with a linear configuration or a linear motor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/14—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the cycle used
- F25B2309/1402—Pulse-tube cycles with acoustic driver
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of compressors to couple with cryocooler cold head with π type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine, wherein connected between the compressor and cryocooler cold head by main line, the π type acoustical match component includes three acoustic reactances, one of acoustic reactance is series on main line, it is respectively provided with a parallel branch positioned at the main line part of the acoustic reactance two sides, two branch roads are respectively equipped with other two acoustic reactance;Cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance is adjusted to compressor outlet acoustic impedance using the π type acoustical match component.The present invention may be implemented compressor and cryocooler cold head in Cryo Refrigerator while obtaining efficient purpose, while guaranteeing refrigeration machine high reliability, be greatly improved complete machine refrigerating efficiency by introducing the idle π type acoustical match network being made of pure acoustic reactance.
Description
The present invention is the denomination of invention application No. is 2016110324472 are as follows: compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head uses π type
Acoustical match component and refrigeration machine, the divisional application for the female case that the applying date is 2016/11/16.
Technical field
The invention belongs to Cryo Refrigerator technical fields, are specifically related to a kind of for Linearkompressor and Cryo Refrigerator
The π type acoustical match component and refrigeration machine of cold head coupling.
Background technique
In recent years, the regenerating type low-temperature refrigerator of Linearkompressor driving, especially vascular refrigerator, due to its cold end without
Moving component, it is expected to really as low cost, low vibration, stable and reliable operation long-life Cryo Refrigerator.With vascular system
Cold structure is continuously improved, and cryogenic temperature constantly reduces, and refrigerating capacity and refrigerating efficiency also greatly improve, in superconductive device
Cooling and gas liquefaction with infrared equipment etc. are used widely.
Impedance matching between Linearkompressor and refrigeration machine is most important for improving overall efficiency, at present research mostly
It concentrates on and how to adjust compressor or refrigerating device inner parameter to realize matching between the two, less someone focuses on the two
Between additional mating structure is added to realize.
2002, J.L.Martin proposed sky volume matching method, i.e., connect between compressor and cryocooler cold head (or
It is in parallel) void volume.2010, Giessen, Germany university between compressor outlet and cryocooler cold head under study for action by connecting
Empty pipe is connect to realize the reduction of compressor operating frequency, essence be exactly the empty volume being utilized in pipe solve compressor with
Matching relationship between cryocooler cold head.2013, physical and chemical the had studied high-power pulse tube cryocooler cold head of the Chinese Academy of Sciences with linearly
The matched influence of void volume between compressor, there are optimal void volumes to make compressor efficiency highest for discovery.Zhejiang University then leads to
Cross the influence that Sage model calculates void volume between compressor and vascular refrigerator cold head.
As shown in fig. 7, being the structural schematic diagram and its equivalent circuit of the existing refrigeration machine using void volume matching process
Figure;When Fig. 8 is using void volume matching process, influence of the void volume to impedance.It is full using the refrigeration machine of void volume matching process
The following equation of foot:
Wherein ZinFor refrigeration machine direct impedance, X is the equivalent capacitive reactance of empty volume, ZoutFor the impedance of compressor outlet junction.By
Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 and above-mentioned analysis it is found that however void volume matching process can only along specific circuit change impedance, cannot achieve from
Initial impedance point cannot achieve the adjustment on face, which also limits compressor efficiencies to the adjusting of an any other impedance point
Further increase.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of π type acoustical match components coupled for Linearkompressor with Cryo Refrigerator, pass through
The pure acoustic reactance component (such as pure acoustic capacitance air reservoir, pure phonoreception inertia tube) for introducing idle, can under the premise of not increasing system power dissipation
By cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance (Rin+jXin) it is adjusted to compressor outlet acoustic impedance (Rout+jXout), realize that refrigeration machine is cold
The respective efficient operation of both head and compressor, so that whole system be made to obtain peak efficiency.
The present invention also provides a kind of refrigeration machines containing above-mentioned π type acoustical match component.
A kind of compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head with π type acoustical match component, wherein the compressor and refrigeration machine are cold
It being connected between head by main line, the π type acoustical match component includes three acoustic reactances, and one of acoustic reactance is series on main line,
It is respectively provided with a parallel branch positioned at the main line part of the acoustic reactance two sides, two branch roads are respectively equipped with other two acoustic reactance;Benefit
Cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance is adjusted to compressor outlet acoustic impedance with the π type acoustical match component.
The present invention includes in three pure acoustic reactance elements of π type connection, wherein first acoustic reactance is parallel to branch, second sound
Anti- to be series at main line, in addition third acoustic reactance is parallel to branch, and second acoustic reactance is series at first acoustic reactance and third acoustic reactance
Main line part between the branch of place.Final to realize, the first acoustic reactance is in be connected in parallel with cryocooler cold head, the second acoustic reactance and refrigeration
Machine cold head is connected in series, and third phonoreception is connected in parallel with compressor outlet.
π type acoustical match component of the invention is particularly suitable for the Cryo Refrigerator system driven by Linearkompressor.
Preferably, the branch close to cryocooler cold head setting is the first branch, close to compressor setting
Branch is second branch;
Acoustical match network need to realize compressor and Cryo Refrigerator cold head while obtain efficient.For compressor and low temperature
Cryocooler cold head, the two are respectively present optimized operation impedance, and wherein compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Zout=Rout+jXout, refrigeration
Machine cold head acoustic impedance is Zin=Rin+jXin。
Preferably, acoustic reactance X1、X2With X3Meet following relational expression:
If acoustic reactance X in the first branch1It is known that being located at the acoustic reactance X of acoustic reactance on main line2With the sound for being located at acoustic reactance in second branch
Anti- X3It is respectively as follows:
Wherein:
If the phonoreception X of acoustic reactance in second branch3It is known that in the first branch acoustic reactance acoustic reactance X1With the acoustic reactance of acoustic reactance on main line
X2It is respectively as follows:
Wherein:
In above formula: ω is angular frequency, RinFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, XinEnter voice for cryocooler cold head
Imaginary impedance, RoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, XoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.
Since there is no series connection acoustic capacitances in acoustics, therefore the second series connection acoustic reactance can only be phonoreception.Then according to π type acoustical match net
The difference of acoustic capacitance or phonoreception used in parallel branch in network, can be divided into four kinds:
The phonoreception on main line after the first scheme includes the acoustic capacitance for being parallel to branch, is series at, be parallel to after branch
Acoustic capacitance;That is, the acoustic reactance in the first branch is acoustic capacitance, the acoustic reactance on main line is phonoreception, the sound in the second branch
Resist for acoustic capacitance.
Second scheme include be parallel to branch the phonoreception being sequentially connected and acoustic capacitance, be series at after main line phonoreception,
The phonoreception being sequentially connected and acoustic capacitance of branch after being parallel to.Here the acoustic capacitance for being connected to branch is equivalent to ground connection in circuit.
That is, the acoustic reactance in the first branch is phonoreception, which is connected with main line, and the other end connects an acoustic capacitance;The main line
On acoustic reactance be phonoreception;Acoustic reactance in the second branch is phonoreception, which is connected with main line, and other end connection is another
Acoustic capacitance.
The phonoreception on main line after the third scheme includes the acoustic capacitance for being parallel to branch, is series at, be parallel to after branch
The phonoreception and acoustic capacitance being sequentially connected.Here the acoustic capacitance for being connected to branch is equivalent to ground connection in circuit;That is, in the first branch
Acoustic reactance be acoustic capacitance;Acoustic reactance on the main line is phonoreception;Acoustic reactance in the second branch is phonoreception, the branch one end and dry
Road is connected, and the other end connects acoustic capacitance.
4th kind of scheme include be parallel to branch the phonoreception being sequentially connected and acoustic capacitance, be series at after main line phonoreception,
Branch acoustic capacitance after being parallel to.Here the acoustic capacitance for being connected to branch is equivalent to ground connection in circuit.That is, in the first branch
Acoustic reactance is phonoreception, which is connected with main line, and the other end connects an acoustic capacitance;Acoustic reactance on the main line is phonoreception;It is described
Acoustic reactance in second branch is acoustic capacitance.
For the acoustic capacitance or phonoreception connected in above-mentioned four kinds of schemes, acoustic capacitance C is calculated according to the following formula with phonoreception L:
X=j ω L
In above formula, ω is angular frequency, and X is corresponding acoustic reactance.A kind of refrigeration machine, including compressor and cryocooler cold head institute
It states and is equipped with π type acoustical match component between compressor and cryocooler cold head.
A kind of Linearkompressor comprising π type acoustical match network drives Cryo Refrigerator, comprising Linearkompressor and
With the sequentially connected π type acoustical match component of compressor outlet, Cryo Refrigerator cold head.
Structure described in any of the above-described scheme can be used in the structure of above-mentioned π type acoustical match component.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in:
Cryo Refrigerator may be implemented by introducing the idle π type acoustical match component being made of pure acoustic reactance in the present invention
Middle compressor and cryocooler cold head obtain efficient purpose simultaneously, while guaranteeing refrigeration machine high reliability, are greatly improved
Complete machine refrigerating efficiency.Compared to existing empty volume matching process, π type acoustical match network it is wider to the adjustable range of impedance (by
Route adjusting extends to face adjusting), substantially increase the flexibility of cryocooler design.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Linearkompressor driving Cryo Refrigerator comprising π type acoustical match component of the invention;
Fig. 1 a is the structural schematic diagram of π type acoustical match component in refrigeration machine shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of second of π type acoustical match component in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the third π type acoustical match component in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the 4th kind of π type acoustical match component in the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the first π type acoustical match component;
Fig. 6 is influence of the π type acoustical match network to compressor efficiency, i.e. certain Linearkompressor running frequency 60Hz, is
Impedance-efficiency cloud atlas when system average pressure 2.0MPa;
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram and its equivalent circuit diagram of the existing refrigeration machine using void volume matching process;
When Fig. 8 is using void volume matching process, the schematic diagram of influence of the void volume to impedance.
Wherein: 1 being in parallel acoustic capacitance, 2 be series connection phonoreception, 3 be acoustic capacitance in parallel, 4 be compressor, 5 be π type acoustical match group
Part, 6 be Cryo Refrigerator cold head, 7 be phonoreception in parallel, 8 be phonoreception in parallel.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of Linearkompressor comprising π type acoustical match component drives Cryo Refrigerator, comprising linear
Compressor 4 and sequentially connected π type acoustical match network 5, Cryo Refrigerator cold head 6, π type acoustics are exported with compressor 4
Distribution assembly 5 is made of three acoustic reactances in the connection of π type.Two of them acoustic reactance is parallel between compressor and cryocooler cold head respectively
Two branch roads, remaining acoustic reactance are series on the main line between two branches.
It is connected between the outlet of compressor 4 and Cryo Refrigerator cold head 6 by main line, phonoreception is connected on main line, in phonoreception
One is respectively equipped with simultaneously on main line between the outlet of compressor 4 and the main line between phonoreception and Cryo Refrigerator cold head 6
Join branch, respectively first branch and Article 2 branch.An acoustic reactance is respectively equipped in two parallel branches.First branch
It is arranged close to cryocooler cold head entrance, Article 2 branch is arranged close to compressor outlet.
Wherein two acoustic reactances in parallel can be acoustic capacitance or acoustic reactance, since there is no series connection acoustic capacitances in acoustics, therefore connect
Acoustic reactance can only be phonoreception.Acoustic capacitance can be realized that acoustic reactance can be realized by inertia tube by void volume air reservoir.Then according to π type acoustics
The difference of acoustic capacitance or phonoreception used in parallel branch in matching component, can be divided into four kinds:
Scheme (one): comprising the phonoreception on main line after being parallel to the acoustic capacitance of first article of branch, being series at, be parallel to after
The acoustic capacitance of two branches, phonoreception are located between two branches;
Scheme (two): comprising be parallel to first branch the phonoreception being sequentially connected and acoustic capacitance, be series at after main line
Phonoreception, be parallel to after Article 2 branch the phonoreception being sequentially connected and acoustic capacitance.Here the acoustic capacitance for being connected to branch is equivalent to electricity
Ground connection in road;
Scheme (three): comprising the phonoreception on main line after being parallel to the acoustic capacitance of first article of branch, being series at, be parallel to after
The phonoreception being sequentially connected and acoustic capacitance of two branches.Here the acoustic capacitance for being connected to second branch is equivalent to ground connection in circuit;Not yet
There is actual adjustment effect;
Scheme (four): comprising be parallel to first branch the phonoreception being sequentially connected and acoustic capacitance, be series at after main line
Phonoreception, be parallel to after Article 2 branch acoustic capacitance.Here the acoustic capacitance for being connected to first branch is equivalent to ground connection in circuit.
Acoustical match component need to realize compressor and Cryo Refrigerator cold head while obtain efficient.For compressor and low temperature
Cryocooler cold head, the two are respectively present optimized operation impedance, and wherein compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Zout=Rout+jXout, refrigeration
Machine cold head acoustic impedance is Zin=Rin+jXin。
The acoustic reactance of three acoustic reactances is respectively X1、X2With X3, wherein X1For positioned at the acoustic reactance value of the acoustic reactance of first branch road;X2
For the acoustic reactance value of the acoustic reactance on main line;X3For positioned at the acoustic reactance value of the acoustic reactance of Article 2 branch road;X1、X2With X3Meet such as
Lower relational expression:
The acoustic reactance X of acoustic reactance in the known first branch1, the acoustic reactance X of the acoustic reactance on main line2Be located at Article 2 branch
On acoustic reactance acoustic reactance X3Are as follows:
Wherein
In above formula: RinFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, XinFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance imaginary part, Rout
For compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, XoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.
Or the phonoreception X of the known acoustic reactance positioned at Article 2 branch road3, the acoustic reactance X of the acoustic reactance in the first branch1It is dry with being located at
The acoustic reactance X of the acoustic reactance of road2:
Wherein
As shown in Figure 1a, in scheme (one), the acoustic reactance of first branch is acoustic capacitance 1, and the acoustic capacitance of acoustic capacitance 1 is C1;It is connected on
Acoustic reactance on main line is phonoreception 2, and the phonoreception of phonoreception 2 is L;The acoustic reactance for being parallel to Article 2 branch road is acoustic capacitance 3, the sound of acoustic capacitance 3
Holding is C2;
As shown in Fig. 2, the acoustic reactance of first branch is phonoreception 7 in scheme (two), the phonoreception of phonoreception 7 is L1;It is connected on dry
The acoustic reactance of road is phonoreception 2, and the phonoreception of phonoreception 2 is L2;The acoustic reactance for being parallel to Article 2 branch road is phonoreception 8, the acoustic capacitance of phonoreception 8
For L3;
As shown in figure 3, the acoustic reactance of first branch is acoustic capacitance 1 in scheme (three), the acoustic capacitance of acoustic capacitance 1 is C1;It is connected on dry
The acoustic reactance of road is phonoreception 2, and the phonoreception of phonoreception 2 is L2;The acoustic reactance for being parallel to Article 2 branch road is phonoreception 7, the phonoreception of phonoreception 7
For L1;
As shown in figure 4, the acoustic reactance of first branch is phonoreception 7 in scheme (three), the phonoreception of phonoreception 7 is L1;It is connected on dry
The acoustic reactance of road is phonoreception 2, and the phonoreception of phonoreception 2 is L2;The acoustic reactance for being parallel to Article 2 branch road is acoustic capacitance 3, the acoustic capacitance of acoustic capacitance 3
For C2;
For the acoustic capacitance or phonoreception connected in scheme (one) to scheme (four), acoustic capacitance C and phonoreception L are calculated according to the following formula
It arrives:
X=j ω L
In above formula, ω is angular frequency;X is corresponding acoustic reactance.
As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 1 a, by taking scheme (one) as an example, it is described further:
High efficiency is obtained simultaneously to meet compressor and cryocooler cold head, and acoustic capacitance 1 and phonoreception 2 need suitably to choose.It is known
Compressor outlet acoustic impedance is Zout=Rout+jXout, cryocooler cold head acoustic impedance is Zin=Rin+jXin.π type according to Fig.5,
Acoustical match component equivalent circuit figure, acoustic capacitance C1With phonoreception L, acoustic capacitance C2Corresponding acoustic reactance X1、X2With X3Meet following relational expression:
Real and imaginary part difference are equal, can acquire acoustic capacitance C1With phonoreception L:
Wherein
In above formula: ω is angular frequency, RinFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, XinEnter voice for cryocooler cold head
Imaginary impedance, RoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, XoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part.
By taking Fig. 6 as an example, Fig. 6 show certain Linearkompressor running frequency 60Hz, resistance when system average pressure 2.0MPa
Anti- efficiency cloud atlas, abscissa are acoustic impedance real part, and ordinate is acoustic impedance imaginary part.Assuming that certain cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance
Fall in A point [Z as shown in the figurein=(2.5 × 108-2.7×108j)Pa·s/m3], and compressor high efficiency for acoustic impedance
For B point [Zout=(4.8 × 107-8.9×107j)Pa·s/m3], cryocooler cold head need to be located at by π type acoustical match component at this time
The acoustic impedance of A point is adjusted to B point, then compressor and cryocooler cold head can obtain high efficiency simultaneously.
For scheme (one), it is assumed that the acoustic reactance of known acoustic capacitance 3 is X3=-5 × 108Pa·s/m3(corresponding air reservoir void volume is about
For 17.7cm3), the acoustic capacitance C of acoustic capacitance 1 can be obtained by substituting into above-mentioned formula1It is respectively as follows: with the phonoreception L of phonoreception 2
C1=9.1 × 10-12m3/Pa;
L=9.7 × 105kg/m4。
According to the acoustic capacitance formula of void volume air reservoir:
Wherein V is air reservoir void volume, and γ is working medium adiabatic exponent, p0For system average pressure.Here choosing helium is work
Matter, then γ=1.667, average pressure p0=2.0MPa, then it is about V=30cm that air reservoir volume, which is calculated,3。
According to inertia tube phonoreception formula:
Wherein l is pipe range, and R is Working medium gas constant (helium R=2078.5), and T is environment temperature (taking 300K here), A
For inertia tube sectional area.Assuming that inertia bore is selected as 3mm, then pipe range needed for phonoreception (2) can be calculated is about 2.13m.
As seen from Figure 6, it is added before π type acoustical match component, A point compressor efficiency is 59%, and T-type appropriate is added
After acoustical match component, B point compressor efficiency is up to 78%.
Scheme (two), (three), the embodiment of (four) are similar with scheme (one), all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of compressor is coupled with cryocooler cold head uses π type acoustical match component, wherein the compressor and cryocooler cold head
Between pass through main line and connect, which is characterized in that the π type acoustical match component includes three acoustic reactances, the series connection of one of acoustic reactance
In on main line, it is respectively provided with a parallel branch positioned at the main line part of the acoustic reactance two sides, two branch roads are respectively equipped with other two
A acoustic reactance;Cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance is adjusted to acoustic resistance needed for compressor outlet using the π type acoustical match component
It is anti-;
Branch close to cryocooler cold head setting is the first branch, and the branch close to compressor setting is second
Road;
Acoustic reactance X in the first branch1It is known that being located at the acoustic reactance X of acoustic reactance on main line2With the acoustic reactance X for being located at acoustic reactance in second branch3Point
Not are as follows:
Wherein:
In above formula: ω is angular frequency, RinFor cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance real part, XinIt is empty for cryocooler cold head entrance acoustic impedance
Portion, RoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance real part, XoutFor compressor outlet acoustic impedance imaginary part;
Acoustic reactance in the first branch is phonoreception, which is connected with main line, and the other end connects an acoustic capacitance;The main line
On acoustic reactance be phonoreception;Acoustic reactance in the second branch is acoustic capacitance.
2. a kind of refrigeration machine, including compressor and cryocooler cold head, which is characterized in that the compressor and cryocooler cold head it
Between be equipped with claim 1 described in π type acoustical match component.
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CN105737430A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-07-06 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Impedance-adjustable type refrigerating machine |
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CN106766320A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
CN109140814A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
CN109114834B (en) | 2019-09-03 |
CN109140814B (en) | 2019-09-17 |
CN109114836A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
CN106766320B (en) | 2019-01-29 |
CN109114836B (en) | 2019-09-03 |
CN109114835A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
CN109114835B (en) | 2019-09-03 |
CN109114837A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
CN109114837B (en) | 2019-09-03 |
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